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OAS Fld Trp April1968.Pdf (9.766Mb) .1 •.' .' ''''i'' - .t" .•.•.~.. -, : ' '. ~ ::.- /~TRUCTURES AND FABRICS IN SOME I2MIDDLE AND UPPER SILURIAN DOLOSTONES ~ORTHWESTERN OHIO I~Char1e8 F. Kahle Jack C. Floyd Guidebook for The Ohio Academy of Science Forty~third Annual Geology Field Trip April 20~ 1968 Bowling Green University Bowling Green, Ohio 1 N'J.'RO.D(J C'['l ON "Ther'e s 1:; 111 remains much that can be learned from looking at rocks" (Irwin, 1965, po 459 ) The primary purpose of this field trip is to give participants an opportunity to examine some or the megascopic fabrics and structu~es which occur in dolomite . rocks of the "Guelph", Greenfield, and Tymochtee Forma tjo L~."l . in northwestern Ohio (FigS. 1~Qjsee Fig. -V ror route ma r- .I . Although these rock units appear in outcrop to be . rather monotonous and uninteresting, they display a fascinat1.n ~ variety of structures and fabrics when examined closely. The basic geology of the S1lurian rocks in north­ western Ohio and in adjacent areas has been shaped by a number of outstanding geologists, such as: J. E. Carman, E~ R. Cuming, A. F~ Foerste, A. W. Grabou, E. M. Kindle , A. C. Lane, Co S. Prosser, W. H. Sherzer, R. R. Shrock, and Wo S. Stout. Other geologists, too numbersous to mention, have continued to add to our knowledge of these rocks down to t,he present day. Some of the present day interest in the Silurian rocks in northwestern Ohio, has been sparked by the drilling activity at the south edge of the Michigan Basin since the discovery of significant quantities of 011 in southern Michig~n in 1956. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The writers wish to acknowledge Richard Hoare, Chai rman ? Department of Geology, Bowling Green University for his encouragement. One of us (C.F.K.), would like to thank Louis Briggs of The University of Michigan for helpful discussions and for stimulating his thinking about certairl aspects of Silurian rocks in northwestern Ohio. We are grateful to Mary Ann Goodman tor typing this Guidebook~ Our special thanks go to the following people who granted permission for field trip partiCipants to visit their quarries: Mr. R. W. Bodendorfer, Maumee Stone Company, Maumee, Ohio; Mr. Dick Harshman, Prance ·Stone Company, I ~d ~ Waterville, Ohio; Mr. Dale Russell, Ohio Stone Company, Woodville, Ohio. Much of the data upon which this field trip is based has been derived from a regional study of 1 depositional environments in the Guelph and Greenfield by Floyd ( in preparation), and a regional study of deposlti ona J ~ and diagenetic fabrics and textures in the Gr6enfield and Tymochtee by Kahle (1968a; 1968b in preparation). ~ I ~ SYSTEM SERIES ~TAGE GROUP FORMATION ' ! SUBSURFACE (OUTCROP TERMINOLOGY) TERMINOLOGY Onondaga Delaware Is. Columbus Is. -. I-. .... __ .__ L-~~ __ ~~,-'-~'-~~ Devonian r--- ~ - Anderaon Detroit River -:=:---:-:-Lucas __--.,;._1 1--- - -1- -- Amherstl)urp; und1tfer--1 I-~ • - S,.lvan1a- -!- - ent1ated....0 ... ~..II . 0 ~ Bas8 Island ain River f. i ~ 0 Put-In-Bay to 0as" .... i '0 ...III Cayugan 1!.Il~_S!!1~a_._ . ..;. TJIDOCht.~_dOlo=- - .! ~~ .'l ~~ I f~ Silurian t- --1-• . ~? - - -Ol"flenr1eld dolo. A lJnit - II :: c: I g iii Lockport Guelph ? rIl co _:E - Niagaran Ir or 1~ Undiffer­ ("Guelph" ) ~ockport~Guelph Cedarville ~ entiated . or Springt1e ld Niagara Euphemia Cl1nton Cl1nton ...... ~...........--......... Medinan or Med1na Brassfield Is. Alexander1an -r or 1----_._----_00 ~ or Albion Albion Cataract Fm. C:: I( rv Fig. 1 . Generalized columnar section of some Silurian and Devonian rocks in western Ohio. Subsurface terminology after Ulteig (1964, p. 12 1. '" ,,----,.. 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Compiled f'rCnl1 Car'man : 19 46 j ; Carman and Ot.l-lcrfl (J 962"1; adO Brownocker ~192U. I~.' GENERAL ST RUCTURAL SET'I'lNG The major structures within the field trip area are that part of the Cincinnati ar'ch known as .t he Findlay arch and the Bowllnp.; Green fault zone (Fig. 3). All of the f i eld trip area and the larger portion of northwestern Ohio occupy part of the Indiana-Ohio platform (Fig. 3; Green, 1957 ). The Cincinnati arch comprises a fold ot' low structural relief extendin~ from Nashvill~ Tennessee through Kentucky and western OhIo to southern Ontario and eastern Michigan. '!'he northern extentlon of this arch in northwestern Ohio 1.8 termed the Findlay arch (Fig. 3). The maximum structural relief in the FIndlay arch is only 500 feet and regional dip values to the east and west are typically Ie or less (Green. 1957). The exact extent to which these dips are structural or represent the initial dip of the sea floor is open to question. The CIncinnati arch has generally be considered among geologists to date from the OrdovIcian. However, Scotford (1964). has presented convIncIng evIdence which indicates that the Cincinnati arch d1d not become a definite paleogeograph1c element unt1l the S11urian. In this connection, 1t Is also InterestIng to note that Patton (1961, p. 244), round no deposItional or erosional effect caused by the Cincinnati arch in the Paleozoic rock record of Indiana. A major zone of structural weakness or hinge line, whIch was active durIng Trenton tIme and apparently intermIttently at other tImes as well since the PreCambrian , extends southwestward through northwestern Ohio (Fig. 3 ). This hInge line extends from the St. Lawrence River valley , southwestward through Ohio and Indiana and then to the eastern edge or the Ozark Dome (Rooney, 1966, p. 535 ) . That part or the hInge lIne whioh extends through Ohio is termed the northwestern Ohio HInge Zone by the present w~iters. (Pig."). During Niagaran and Cayugan time the positIon of this hinge zone appears to have been oriented essentially north and south In northwestern Ohio (Fig. "); its position at this tIme coincided with the boundary between the OhIo Basin on the east and the more stable shelf area on the west (Ulteig, 1963; Floyd, 1968, in preparation). The position ot this hinge zone also appears to oorrespond very closely to the position of a major reef barrIer (Fig. H) which existed durin~ Niagaran time in northwestern Ohio and which can be traced from Clay Center, southward through Woodville, Gib8onbur~, and Maple Grove (Floyd, 1968, in preparation). r- . / - --, . .., ,-I . ' · . / Figure :3 ,-. Gftnaralized tectonic 1"'!ap o f nnrthwes tern nhL.:' and surround ing arAaS n Hinge line data a ft.e r Rooney (!_r~(", ( 6 STRATIGRAPHY The most distlnotive and MOst universally agreed upon feature ot Niagaran and Cayugan rocks in northweBtern Oh10 is that the, are all dolomites. The geological road beyond thia point ia strewn with question markB. One ot the IIOst recent published accountB which dealB with some ot the Silurian strata In northwestern Ohio is that by Summeraon and others (1963).
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