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All for the King's Shilling
ALL FOR THE KING’S SHILLING AN ANALYSIS OF THE CAMPAIGN AND COMBAT EXPERIENCES OF THE BRITISH SOLDIER IN THE PENINSULAR WAR, 1808-1814 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Edward James Coss, M.A. The Ohio State University 2005 Dissertation Committee: Approved by: Professor John Guilmartin, Adviser _______________________________ Professor Mark Grimsley Adviser Professor John Lynn Graduate Program in History Copyright by Edward J. Coss 2005 ABSTRACT The British soldier of the Peninsular War, 1808-1814, has in the last two centuries acquired a reputation as being a thief, scoundrel, criminal, and undesirable social outcast. Labeled “the scum of the earth” by their commander, the Duke of Wellington, these men were supposedly swept from the streets and jails into the army. Their unmatched success on the battlefield has been attributed to their savage and criminal natures and Wellington’s tactical ability. A detailed investigation, combining heretofore unmined demographic data, primary source accounts, and nutritional analysis, reveals a picture of the British soldier that presents his campaign and combat behaviors in a different light. Most likely an unemployed laborer or textile worker, the soldier enlisted because of economic need. A growing population, the impact of the war, and the transition from hand-made goods to machined products displaced large numbers of workers. Men joined the army in hopes of receiving regular wages and meals. In this they would be sorely disappointed. Enlisted for life, the soldier’s new primary social group became his surrogate family. -
Annual Report 2010
National Gallery of Art 2010 NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART 2010 ANNuAL REpORT [ 1 ] ART & EDuCATION Vincent J. Buonanno BOARD OF TRuSTEES COMMITTEE W. Russell G. Byers Jr. (as of 30 September 2010) Victoria P. Sant Melvin S. Cohen † Chairman Leo A. Daly III Earl A. Powell III Robert W. Duemling Frederick W. Beinecke Barney A. Ebsworth Mitchell P. Rales Doris Fisher Sharon P. Rockefeller Aaron I. Fleischman John Wilmerding Juliet C. Folger Marina K. French FINANCE COMMITTEE Norma Lee Funger Mitchell P. Rales Lenore Greenberg Chairman Rose Ellen Greene Timothy F. Geithner Frederic C. Hamilton Secretary of the Treasury Richard C. Hedreen Frederick W. Beinecke Teresa F. Heinz John Wilmerding Victoria P. Sant Sharon P. Rockefeller Chairman President Helen Henderson Victoria P. Sant Benjamin R. Jacobs John Wilmerding Sheila C. Johnson Betsy K. Karel A uDIT COMMITTEE Mark J. Kington Frederick W. Beinecke Robert L. Kirk Chairman Jo Carole Lauder Timothy F. Geithner Secretary of the Treasury Leonard A. Lauder Mitchell P. Rales Robert B. Menschel Harvey S. Shipley Miller Sharon P. Rockefeller Frederick W. Beinecke Mitchell P. Rales Victoria P. Sant John G. Pappajohn John Wilmerding Sally E. Pingree Diana C. Prince TR uSTEES EMERITI Robert M. Rosenthal David M. Rubenstein Robert F. Erburu Andrew M. Saul John C. Fontaine B. Francis Saul II Julian Ganz, Jr. Thomas A. Saunders III Alexander M. Laughlin Fern M. Schad David O. Maxwell Albert H. Small Ruth Carter Stevenson Michelle Smith Sharon P. Rockefeller John G. Roberts Jr. Benjamin F. Stapleton EXEC uTIVE OFFICERS Chief Justice of the Luther M. Stovall United States Victoria P. -
John Russell” (Sir Edwin Durning- Charles Wertheimer; Martin H
Neil Jeffares, Dictionary of pastellists before 1800 Online edition RUSSELL, John Miller 1976, p. 109, fig. XI; Millar 1986, p. 591 Guildford 1745 – Hull 1806 n.r. Φ Part II: Named sitters F–I J.64.1519 Jane FADEN (1753–1833) [??Judith Faden (1745–1795)], the artist’s sister-in-law, pstl, 61x46 ov., sd → “JRussell RA/pinxt 1789” (Guildford House, inv. 1049. Maria Russell; legs: niece Hannah, Mrs Henry Webb, Wimbledon, 1894; don: her daughter, Beatrice Webb; Barbizon House Gallery). Exh.: Russell 1894, no. 101 n.r.; Russell 2006, as of Judith Faden. Lit.: Williamson 1894, p. 170, repr. frontispiece and opp. p. 18, as of Jane Faden, confirmed Williamson/Webb; Bryan 1904, repr.; Tourneux 1908c, repr. opp. p. 84; Webb 1910, as of Jane Faden; Horace Townsend, “Lady Templetown and Josiah Wedgwood”, Photo courtesy Sotheby’s Art & life, XI/4, .X.1919, pp. 186ff, repr., as of Farr, v. Langston Lady Templetown, Castle Upton; Brieger 1921, J.64.1529 ?General Sir William FAWCETT (1728– Photo courtesy John Mitchell ~grav. J. Collyer 1792, published W. Faden repr. p. 164 Φδνσ 1804), KB, pstl, 62x46 (F. de Ribes Christofle; Paris, Georges Petit, Lair-Dubreuil, Baudoin, J.64.1538 Mrs FITZHERBERT, pstl, 61x46 ov., 1786 10–11.XII.1928, Lot 50 repr., as of Pawcett, (Alfred L. Hulme, Cheshire, 1894; desc.: PC est. ₣20,000, ₣26,100; Schoeller. Paris, 2021). Lit.: Williamson 1894, p. 148 n.r. Galliera, 21.VI.1963, Lot 30. William H. Schab J.64.1539 =?Mrs Fitzherbert, the head only Gallery, New York, 1969). Exh.: New York finished (the artist’s sale, London, Christie’s, 1969, no. -
E Pluribus Unum: Revolutionary Monuments and the Nation in the Early American Republic, 1776-1846” (Under the Direction of Dr
ABSTRACT WILS, JAMES R. “E Pluribus Unum: Revolutionary Monuments and the Nation in the Early American Republic, 1776-1846” (Under the direction of Dr. Craig Thompson Friend). At the end of the American Revolutionary War, Americans began to erect monuments to the American Revolution, marking a commemorative tradition that had emerged from the collective memory of a shared American past. Historians have often attempted to understand American monuments, including those of the early republic, within a democratic framework, created and consumed by the American people. They have not considered the republican contexts for early national monuments, consequently casting regional differences in monuments as symbolic of the strains of the United States’ fledgling democracy. “E Pluribus Unum: Revolutionary Monuments and the Nation in the Early American Republic, 1776-1848” examines early monuments to the Revolution, addressing the interplay between “official” national monumentalism and more vernacular forms that played out at local and regional levels. I argue that in trying to create a unified, official cultural identity, national leaders employed monuments as rhetorical strategies to stimulate suitable national feeling. Meanwhile, communities drew their own commemorative meanings of the Revolution. In both official and vernacular commemorations, the intentions were to model proper virtue for generations of Americans. Investigating the republican purposes for early national monuments to the American Revolution, rather than the democratic consumption thereof, enables a better understanding of how tensions between national and local, official and vernacular played a role in creating the American tradition of monumental commemoration. Building upon recent public and scholarly interest in the rhetoric of American monuments, this dissertation examines how, between the Revolutionary War and the Civil War, the American Revolution manifested in the American commemorative landscape, public monuments, and collective memory. -
An Annotated Selection from the Journals Offrances Bumey
1 Februrary- 12 March 1789: An Annotated Selection from the Journals ofFrances Bumey ( 1752-1840) Lisa Ann Saroli Department of English McGill University, Montreal February 2000 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts Cl Lisa Ann Saroli 2000 Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................. i Abrege ................................................................................................ .ii Acknowledgements ................................................................................. .iii Introduction .......................................................................................... .iv Short Titles and Abbreviations ..................................................................xiv Annotated Text: 1 February- 12 March 1789 ................................................... 1 Appendix A: Description of the Assignment of the Rooms at Kew ........................ 134 Appendix B: A Letter from Frances Bumey to Marianne Port .............................. 136 Appendix C: An Example ofMrs. Schwellenberg's Cruelty ................................ 140 Appendix D: Text of the Prayer and Thanksgiving on the King's Recovery ............. 145 Appendix E: Text of the Regency Bill ......................................................... 146 Saroli- i Abstract From the age of fifteen until her death, the British female novelist Prances Burney (1752-1840)