CONSTRUCTING MODERN IDENTITIES Jewish University Students in Germany 1 8 1 5 1 9 1 4
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Jewish Encyclopedia
Jewish Encyclopedia The History, Religion, Literature, And Customs Of The Jewish People From The Earliest Times To The Present Day Volume XII TALMUD – ZWEIFEL New York and London FUNK AND WAGNALLS COMPANY MDCCCCVI ZIONISM: Movement looking toward the segregation of the Jewish people upon a national basis and in a particular home of its own: specifically, the modern form of the movement that seeks for the Jews “a publicly and legally assured home in Palestine,” as initiated by Theodor Herzl in 1896, and since then dominating Jewish history. It seems that the designation, to distinguish the movement from the activity of the Chovevei Zion, was first used by Matthias Acher (Birnbaum) in his paper “Selbstemancipation,” 1886 (see “Ost und West,” 1902, p. 576: Ahad ha – ‘Am, “Al Parashat Derakim,” p. 93, Berlin, 1903). Biblical Basis The idea of a return of the Jews to Palestine has its roots in many passages of Holy Writ. It is an integral part of the doctrine that deals with the Messianic time, as is seen in the constantly recurring expression, “shub shebut” or heshib shebut,” used both of Israel and of Judah (Jer. xxx, 7,1; Ezek. Xxxix. 24; Lam. Ii. 14; Hos. Vi. 11; Joel iv. 1 et al.). The Dispersion was deemed merely temporal: ‘The days come … that … I will bring again the captivity of my people of Israel, and they shall build the waste cities and inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, and drink the wine thereof … and I will plant them upon their land, and they shall no more be pulled up out of their land” (Amos ix. -
Der Student Im Garten*
Der Student im Garten von Harald Lönnecker Frankfurt a. Main 2008 Dateiabruf unter: www.burschenschaft.de Dateiabruf unter: www.burschenschaft.de Der Student im Garten* von Harald Lönnecker 1924 veröffentlichte die Deutsche Studentenschaft, der öffentlich-rechtliche Zusammenschluß der Allgemeinen Studentenausschüsse in Deutschland, Österreich, Danzig und dem Sudetenland, im Göttinger Deutschen Hochschul-Verlag ein 194 Seiten umfassendes Buch mit dem Titel: „Rosanders, des lieblich floetenden Schaeffers und klirrend Gassatim gehenden Purschen Studentengartlein, worinnen derselbe manichmahl mit seinen Confratibus und Liebsten mit sonderer Ergezzlichkeit sich erlustiret, spazziret und maniche sueß-dufftende Bluhme sich abgebrochen“.1 „Gassatim gehen“ oder „gassatieren“ bedeutete in der Studentensprache seit dem ausgehenden 17., beginnenden 18. Jahrhundert, sich lärmend, musizierend und singend nachts auf den Gassen und Straßen herumzutreiben. Dies geschah in der Regel „klirrend“ von Sporen und Raufdegen, der gern lautstark und herausfordernd als „Gassenhauer“ an Steinen und Häuserecken gewetzt wurde. „Pursch[e]“ oder „Bursch[e]“ war die gängige Bezeichnung für den Studenten, „Burschenschaft“ hieß nicht mehr als „Studentenschaft“. Erst nach 1815 bezeichnet das Wort einen bestimmten Korporationstypus.2 Das „Studentengartlein“ lehnt sich an Johannes Jeeps (1581/82-1644) erstmals 1605 bzw. 1613 erschienenes „Studentengärtlein“ an, ein Studentenliederbuch, entstanden an der Nürnberger Hochschule zu Altdorf und ihren Studenten gewidmet, das eine Tradition der einfachen Strophen- und Melodiegestaltung für das säkulare Studentenlied begründete und für rund zweihundert Jahre wegweisend und stilbildend für den studentischen Gesang wurde.3 * Zuerst in: Eva-Maria Stolberg (Hg.), Auf der Suche nach Eden. Eine Kulturgeschichte des Gartens, Frankfurt a. M., Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien 2008, S. 111-133. 1 „auffs Neue an den Tag gebracht [...] von Kurt Siemers“. -
German Politics and the 'Jewish Question', 1914-1919
German Politics and the 'Jewish Question', 1914-1919 Lucia Juliette Linares Darwin College Dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2019 PREFACE I hereby declare that this dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except as declared in the preface and specified in the text. It is not substantially the same as any other work that I have submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other university or similar institution except as declared in the preface and specified in the text. I further state that no substantial part of my dissertation has already been submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other university or similar institution except as declared in the preface and specified in the text. It does not exceed the prescribed word limit for the Faculty of History. All translations are my own unless specified in the text. i ABSTRACT German Politics and the 'Jewish Question', 1914-1919 Lucia Juliette Linares The First World War confronted German politicians with a range of unprecedented, vital questions in the spheres of domestic as well as foreign policy. As the fortunes of war shifted, so did borders, populations and national allegiances. In a period of acute and almost constant political crisis, the German government faced issues concerning citizenship, minority rights, religious identity, nationhood and statehood. My dissertation analyses these issues through the prism of the so-called 'Jewish Question'. -
Albert Einstein
THE COLLECTED PAPERS OF Albert Einstein VOLUME 15 THE BERLIN YEARS: WRITINGS & CORRESPONDENCE JUNE 1925–MAY 1927 Diana Kormos Buchwald, József Illy, A. J. Kox, Dennis Lehmkuhl, Ze’ev Rosenkranz, and Jennifer Nollar James EDITORS Anthony Duncan, Marco Giovanelli, Michel Janssen, Daniel J. Kennefick, and Issachar Unna ASSOCIATE & CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Emily de Araújo, Rudy Hirschmann, Nurit Lifshitz, and Barbara Wolff ASSISTANT EDITORS Princeton University Press 2018 Copyright © 2018 by The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW press.princeton.edu All Rights Reserved LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA (Revised for volume 15) Einstein, Albert, 1879–1955. The collected papers of Albert Einstein. German, English, and French. Includes bibliographies and indexes. Contents: v. 1. The early years, 1879–1902 / John Stachel, editor — v. 2. The Swiss years, writings, 1900–1909 — — v. 15. The Berlin years, writings and correspondence, June 1925–May 1927 / Diana Kormos Buchwald... [et al.], editors. QC16.E5A2 1987 530 86-43132 ISBN 0-691-08407-6 (v.1) ISBN 978-0-691-17881-3 (v. 15) This book has been composed in Times. The publisher would like to acknowledge the editors of this volume for providing the camera-ready copy from which this book was printed. Princeton University Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. Printed in the United States of America 13579108642 INTRODUCTION TO VOLUME 15 The present volume covers a thrilling two-year period in twentieth-century physics, for during this time matrix mechanics—developed by Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and Pascual Jordan—and wave mechanics, developed by Erwin Schrödinger, supplanted the earlier quantum theory. -
German Jews in the United States: a Guide to Archival Collections
GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE,WASHINGTON,DC REFERENCE GUIDE 24 GERMAN JEWS IN THE UNITED STATES: AGUIDE TO ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS Contents INTRODUCTION &ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 ABOUT THE EDITOR 6 ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS (arranged alphabetically by state and then city) ALABAMA Montgomery 1. Alabama Department of Archives and History ................................ 7 ARIZONA Phoenix 2. Arizona Jewish Historical Society ........................................................ 8 ARKANSAS Little Rock 3. Arkansas History Commission and State Archives .......................... 9 CALIFORNIA Berkeley 4. University of California, Berkeley: Bancroft Library, Archives .................................................................................................. 10 5. Judah L. Mages Museum: Western Jewish History Center ........... 14 Beverly Hills 6. Acad. of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences: Margaret Herrick Library, Special Coll. ............................................................................ 16 Davis 7. University of California at Davis: Shields Library, Special Collections and Archives ..................................................................... 16 Long Beach 8. California State Library, Long Beach: Special Collections ............. 17 Los Angeles 9. John F. Kennedy Memorial Library: Special Collections ...............18 10. UCLA Film and Television Archive .................................................. 18 11. USC: Doheny Memorial Library, Lion Feuchtwanger Archive ................................................................................................... -
BELEN FAMILY – BAR MITZVAH TOUR JUNE 2020 Updated by Leeann Langer – August 20Th, 2019 Guide
BELEN FAMILY – BAR MITZVAH TOUR JUNE 2020 Updated by LeeAnn Langer – August 20th, 2019 Guide- Please note that the itinerary is tentative and is subject to change based on time, weather, security, and other considerations. DAY ONE – TUESDAY, JUNE 9TH – ARRIVAL AND TRANSFER TO TEL AVIV • Arrive at Ben Gurion Airport on Flight ???. You will be met by a representative and escorted through passport control, baggage claim, and customs. • Transfer to your hotel, check in, rest, relax, and unpack. • Dinner on your own at the hotel or a local restaurant. Overnight: Hilton, Tel Aviv DAY TWO – WEDNESDAY, JUNE 10TH – TEL AVIV (NO GUIDE & NO VAN) • Full Israeli breakfast at hotel • Day at leisure in Tel Aviv – options include: o Beach time o Enjoy the hotel facilities o Shopping time o Tel Aviv Museum of Art o Walk along the Herbert Samuel Promenade • Dinner on your own at the hotel or a local restaurant. Overnight: Hilton, Tel Aviv DAY THREE – THURSDAY, JUNE 11TH – TEL AVIV (GUIDE & VAN) • Full Israeli breakfast at the hotel • Take a tour of the Palmach Museum, which covers the history of the regular fighting force of the Haganah, the unofficial Jewish army during the British Mandate period. This interactive museum takes you through history via stories of young Palmach recruits from 1941 to 1948. • Lunch on your own in the Carmel Market • Explore the historic neighborhood of Old Jaffa with its alleyways, flea market, and trendy port area. • Dinner on your own at the hotel or a local restaurant. Overnight: Hilton, Tel Aviv DAY FOUR – FRIDAY, JUNE 12TH – COASTAL PLAIN (GUIDE & VAN) • Full Israeli breakfast at the hotel and check out • Explore Caesarea National Park, home to ancient palaces built for King Herod, a Roman amphitheater, historic port, and other Roman archaeological wonders, such as the Promontory Palace with the remains of its mosaic floor. -
Deutsche Emigrationspresse (Auch Eine Geschichte Des ,,Ausschusses Zur Vorbereitung Einer Deutschen Volksfront" in Paris)
URSULA LANGKAU-ALEX DEUTSCHE EMIGRATIONSPRESSE (AUCH EINE GESCHICHTE DES ,,AUSSCHUSSES ZUR VORBEREITUNG EINER DEUTSCHEN VOLKSFRONT" IN PARIS) Hitlers Ernennung zum deutschen Reichskanzler am 30. Januar 1933; der Brand des Reichstages in Berlin am 27. Februar und die einen Tag spater erlassene ,,Notverordnung des Reichsprasidenten zum Schutz von Volk und Staat"; der erste Boykott jiidischer Ge- schafte am 1. April; die Auflosung der Gewerkschaften am 2. Mai und die Biicherverbrennung vom 10. Mai, mit der ein Grossteil der lite- rarischen und wissenschaftlichen Produktion der Weimarer Periode als ,,geistiger Unflat" und ,,jiidische Entartung" verdammt wurde; schliesslich das Verbot der SPD am 22. Juni und das ,,Gesetz gegen die Neubildung von Parteien" vom 14. Juli 1933 - diese und eine Reihe anderer Ereignisse1 fiihrten dazu, dass schlagartig Tausende Deutsch- land verliessen: fiihrende politische Personlichkeiten der Weimarer Republik, Wissenschaftler, Kunstler, Schriftsteller, Journalist en und viele Angehorige des jiidischen Biirgertums.2 Der Emigrantenstrom aus Deutschland verteilte sich zunachst rund 1 Die innenpolitischen Ereignisse, die mit Terror, Inhaftierungen in Gefang- nissen, Zuchthausern, Konzentrationslagern; mit Folterungen und Mord gepaart gingen, fiihrt Karl Dietrich Bracher eingehend auf in Die nationalsozialistische Machtergreifung, Koln, Opladen 1960, S. 75-219. 2 Die Angaben iiber die Gesamtemigration gehen weit auseinander. Die Quellen- lage ist immer noch unzureichend, sowohl binsichtlich der Statistiken der ver- schiedensten Emigrantengruppen und -organisationen, als auch der der National- sozialisten. Die Volkerbunds-Zahlen sind meist nur grobe Schatzungen, und die offiziellen Erhebungen der Emigrationslander selbst sind — soweit sie iiberhaupt bestehen — kaum erforscht. Zu diesem Problem s. Werner Roder, Die deutschen sozialistischen Exilgruppen in Grossbritannien 1940-1945, Hannover 1968, S. 13ff. -
Berlin Period Reports on Albert Einstein's Einstein's FBI File –
Appendix Einstein’s FBI file – reports on Albert Einstein’s Berlin period 322 Appendix German archives are not the only place where Einstein dossiers can be found. Leaving aside other countries, at least one personal dossier exists in the USA: the Einstein File of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).1036 This file holds 1,427 pages. In our context the numerous reports about Ein- stein’s “Berlin period” are of particular interest. Taking a closer look at them does not lead us beyond the scope of this book. On the contrary, these reports give a complex picture of Einstein’s political activities during his Berlin period – albeit from a very specific point of view: the view of the American CIC (Counter Intelligence Corps) and the FBI of the first half of the 1950s. The core of these reports is the allegation that Einstein had cooperated with the communists and that his address (or “office”) had been used from 1929 to 1932 as a relay point for messages by the CPG (Communist Party of Germany, KPD), the Communist International and the Soviet Secret Service. The ultimate aim of these investigations was, reportedly, to revoke Einstein’s United States citizenship and banish him. Space constraints prevent a complete review of the individual reports here. Sounderthegivencircumstancesasurveyofthecontentsofthetwomost im- portant reports will have to suffice for our purposes along with some additional information. These reports are dated 13 March 1950 and 25 January 1951. 13 March 1950 The first comprehensive report by the CIC (Hq. 66th CIC Detachment)1037 about Einstein’s complicity in activities by the CPG and the Soviet Secret Service be- tween 1929 and 1932 is dated 13 March 1950.1038 Army General Staff only submit- ted this letter to the FBI on 7 September 1950. -
The German-Jewish Experience Revisited Perspectives on Jewish Texts and Contexts
The German-Jewish Experience Revisited Perspectives on Jewish Texts and Contexts Edited by Vivian Liska Editorial Board Robert Alter, Steven E. Aschheim, Richard I. Cohen, Mark H. Gelber, Moshe Halbertal, Geoffrey Hartman, Moshe Idel, Samuel Moyn, Ada Rapoport-Albert, Alvin Rosenfeld, David Ruderman, Bernd Witte Volume 3 The German-Jewish Experience Revisited Edited by Steven E. Aschheim Vivian Liska In cooperation with the Leo Baeck Institute Jerusalem In cooperation with the Leo Baeck Institute Jerusalem. An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libra- ries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. ISBN 978-3-11-037293-9 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-036719-5 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-039332-3 ISSN 2199-6962 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2015 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Cover image: bpk / Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Typesetting: PTP-Berlin, Protago-TEX-Production GmbH, Berlin Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Preface The essays in this volume derive partially from the Robert Liberles International Summer Research Workshop of the Leo Baeck Institute Jerusalem, 11–25 July 2013. -
Voigt Transformations in Retrospect: Missed Opportunities?
Voigt transformations in retrospect: missed opportunities? Olga Chashchina Ecole´ Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France∗ Natalya Dudisheva Novosibirsk State University, 630 090, Novosibirsk, Russia† Zurab K. Silagadze Novosibirsk State University and Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630 090, Novosibirsk, Russia.‡ The teaching of modern physics often uses the history of physics as a didactic tool. However, as in this process the history of physics is not something studied but used, there is a danger that the history itself will be distorted in, as Butterfield calls it, a “Whiggish” way, when the present becomes the measure of the past. It is not surprising that reading today a paper written more than a hundred years ago, we can extract much more of it than was actually thought or dreamed by the author himself. We demonstrate this Whiggish approach on the example of Woldemar Voigt’s 1887 paper. From the modern perspective, it may appear that this paper opens a way to both the special relativity and to its anisotropic Finslerian generalization which came into the focus only recently, in relation with the Cohen and Glashow’s very special relativity proposal. With a little imagination, one can connect Voigt’s paper to the notorious Einstein-Poincar´epri- ority dispute, which we believe is a Whiggish late time artifact. We use the related historical circumstances to give a broader view on special relativity, than it is usually anticipated. PACS numbers: 03.30.+p; 1.65.+g Keywords: Special relativity, Very special relativity, Voigt transformations, Einstein-Poincar´epriority dispute I. INTRODUCTION Sometimes Woldemar Voigt, a German physicist, is considered as “Relativity’s forgotten figure” [1]. -
CHAPTER VI Tators Discloses Somethe Rather Analysis Unexpected of German and Anti-Semitic Puzzling Facts
THE FIRSTCHAPTER WAVE OF RACIAL VI ANTI- tatorsThe disclosesanalysis of some German rather anti-Semitic SEMITISMunexpected literature, and puzzling movements, facts. The and most agi- dents,kindofifimplacable notthe of hostile,industrial"educated" anti-Semitism enemies to andthe rather ofchurchcommercial wasthe than Jewsspread rather the were employees, "ignorant"throughoutthan urban devout rather petty classes.Germany Christians, thanofficials, The rural; by mostandteachers, professional indifferent, members virulent stu- narrow-mindedthe"backmovements,"people, peasants to and nature" followers or whole-rye thethough builders land-owning of they cultsbreadof bodymight of dietitians, every aristocracyand have soul. variety: been, opponents From or came members the these reactionary theof groups,vivisection, fanatical of "life not clergy,reform haters from and economicanant;annoyance,of To Jews.economic to the the conservative functionone as evil. the the JewishBut Jewof JunkertheJews appeared cattleantagonism within the dealer liberalas the a ofpoliticaland sphere or both middlemanradical wasof danger, agriculture Jewcircumscribed. waswas to the toa had sourcethe other peas-toThe beasof thecompeteproductsfertilizersaccepted cities, asbroughtwith hadof necessary_resentment trading, tothe be toagrarian boughtthe banking, villages. producer.and and sold, Jews or industry, no creditsThey engaged resentment. appeared negotiatedbut in still, these Cattle, asfor andfieldsthe a longgrain, industrialagents did time, andnot of picture.andJewishanimositytheyThe -
3. Germany in the 1920S
3. Germany in the 1920s The shadowy figures that look out at us from the tarnished mirror of history are – in the final analysis – ourselves. DETLEV J. K. PEUKERT OVERVIEW Few events in history are inevitable. Most are determined by real people making real decisions. At the time, those choices may not seem important. Yet together, little by little, they shape a period in history and define an age. Those decisions also have consequences that may affect generations to come. Chapter 2 looked at the way three nations – the United States, France, and Germany – decided who belonged in the nineteenth century and who did not. It also considered the outcomes of those choices. This chapter marks the beginning of a case study that examines the choices people made after World War I. It highlights Germany’s efforts to build a democracy after the humiliation of defeat and explores the values, myths, and fears that threatened those efforts. It focuses in particular on the choices that led to the destruction of the republic and the rise of the Nazis. The 1920s were a time of change everywhere in the world. Many of those changes began much earlier and were speeded up by the war. Others were linked to innovations in science that altered the way people saw the world. In 1905, Albert Einstein, a German physicist, published his theory of relativity. By 1920, other scientists had proved that time and space are indeed relative and not absolute. The theory quickly became a part of the way ordinary people viewed the world.