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100 Años En Femenino Una Historia De Las Mujeres En España — Oliva María Rubio Isabel Tejeda (Dirs.)

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100 Años En Femenino Una Historia De Las Mujeres En España — Oliva María Rubio Isabel Tejeda (Dirs.) 100 años en femenino Una historia de las mujeres en España — Oliva María Rubio Isabel Tejeda (dirs.) 0915_00.preliminares.indd 1 10/02/12 12:27 Exposición Catálogo Créditos — — — Organizan Edita © de la edición, Sociedad Estatal de Acción Cultural Española Acción Cultural Española Acción Cultural, S.A., 2012 Ayuntamiento de Madrid. Conde Duque © de los textos, sus autores Dirección científica © de las fotografías, sus autores Colabora Oliva María Rubio © de las piezas, sus propietarios Agencia Efe Isabel Tejeda © Agustí Centelles, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Comisarias Coordinación editorial © Alfonso, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Oliva María Rubio Raquel Mesa Sobejano © Ángeles Santos, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Isabel Tejeda (Universidad de Murcia) © Archivo Fotográfico Museo Nacional Diseño Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, 2012 Coordinación general de la exposición gráfica futura © Cabello Carceller, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Ana Berruguete © Culture and Sport Glasgow (Museums), Carmen Marín (AC/E) Edición de los textos 2012 Ana Martín Moreno © Esther Ferrer, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Documentación © Eulàlia Valldosera, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 María Azcoitia Fotomecánica Lucam © Fondo Brangulí (fotógrafos), Ana Berruguete Arxiu Nacional de Catalunya, 2012 Anita Orzes Impresión y encuadernación © Fundació Josep Renau, Valencia, 2012 Paz Ridruejo Advantia Comunicación Gráfica © Getty Images, 2012 © Joan Colom, Colección Fundación Diseño de la exposición ISBN: 978-84-15272-20-5 Leona Foto Colectania, 2012 Depósito legal: M-6964-2012 © John Heartfield, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Montaje pp. 10-11: Manifestación de mujeres © Leonora Carrington, VEGAP, Exmoarte, S.A. y niños con banderas de Estados Unidos y Madrid, 2012 pancartas por el derecho al voto femenino, © María Blanchard, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Gráfica © Marín, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Cromotex Nueva York, ca. 1912. Archivo Hulton © Getty Images © Maruja Mallo, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Transporte © Museo de Bellas Artes de Bilbao, 2012 Transportes Mapa, S.A. pp. 12-13: Cortés, Biblioteca de la © Remedios Varo, VEGAP, Madrid, 2012 Residencia de Señoritas, años 30. Archivo © Reuters / Cordon Press, 2012 Seguros General de la Administración, Madrid Aon y Carvajal pp. 14-15: Campeonato de España de Hockey femenino, 22 de abril de 1935. Arxiu Fotogràfic de Barcelona pp. 16-17: Pérez de Rozas, Concurso de pesca con caña en la escollera del Este, 5 de agosto de 1934. Arxiu Fotogràfic de Barcelona pp. 232-233: Sira Monterola, secretaria nacional de la Sección Femenina, interviene en la sesión inaugural del VI Consejo de la Sección Femenina, Granada, enero de 1942. Agencia EFE, Madrid pp. 234-235: Manifestación feminista, 1977. Arxiu Fotogràfic de Barcelona pp. 236-237: Mujeres guardias civiles en formación, durante el acto de entrega de la Cruz de Oro de la Guardia Civil al rey Juan Carlos I, Valdemoro (Madrid), 11 de octubre de 1989. El País, Madrid 0915_00.preliminares#5.indd 2 23/02/12 13:45 Agradecimientos — Agradecemos la colaboración y el apoyo de las siguientes entidades y personas: Agencia EFE Museo ABC de Dibujo e Ilustración M.ª Ángeles Afuera Agencia Reuters Museo Art Nouveau y Art Decó. Casa Lis Pilar Albarracín Archivo del Congreso de los Diputados Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Nacho Arimany Archivo General de la Administración de Castilla y León (MUSAC) Trinidad Arimany de Pablos (sobrina Archivo Germán Gallego Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de María de Pablos) Archivo Municipal de Alicante V. Aguilera Cerni de Villafamés Mercedes Avilés Archivo Municipal de Lorca. Museo de Artes y Tradiciones Populares. Federico Ayala Sörenssen Fondo Fotográfico Menchón- Rodrigo Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Pilar Aymerich Archivo Regional de la Comunidad Museo de Bellas Artes de Bilbao Victoria Bernal de Madrid Museo Julio Romero de Torres. Juan Carlos Blanco García Arxiu Municipal del Districte de Sant Martí Ayuntamiento de Córdoba Camino Brasa Arxiu Històric de la Ciutat de Barcelona Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Cabello y Carceller Arxiu Històric del Poblenou Sofía (MNCARS) Àngels Calafell Arxiu Fotogràfic de Barcelona Museo del Romanticismo Cristina Cámara Arxiu Nacional de Catalunya Museo del Traje Beatriz Caro-Coloma Varo BBDO Museo Vasco de Bilbao Juan Manuel Castro Prieto Biblioteca de la Facultad de Bellas Artes. Museu d’Art Contemporàni de Barcelona Colita Universidad Complutense de Madrid (MACBA) Carmen de Córdoba Biblioteca Histórica de Madrid Museum of London Esther Fernández Biblioteca Nacional de España Novacaixa Galicia Horacio Fernández Biblioteca del Pavelló de la República. Radio Televisión Española (RTVE) Rodrigo de la Fuente Puebla Universitat de Barcelona Real Sociedad Económica Matritense Ángela García Codoñer Cadena Ser de Amigos del País Cristina García Rodero Carlos Vasallo Producciones, S.A. Residencia de Estudiantes. Madrid Alberto Gayo Centro Documental de la Memoria Sastrería Cornejo, Madrid Lorena Gómez Histórica. Ministerio de Cultura Vil·la Museu. Fundació Pau Casals Javier González Fernández Colección Carlos Velasco María Hernández Luengo (www.loscarteles.es) Santiago Linares Colección M.ª Dolores y Javier Vila Tejero Susana Llorens Columna Musical Publio López Mondéjar El País Vicente López Tofiño Euro RSCG Worldwide (España) Cristina Lucas Filmoteca Española Mara Malibrán Fondo Fotográfico y Hemeroteca del ABC Leticia Martín Ruiz Fondo Fotográfico de la Universidad Maruca Martinez-Cañavate de Navarra Agustín Medina Fundación Foto Colectania Irene Mendoza Fundación Francisco Giner de los Ríos Arena Miserachs (Institución Libre de Enseñanza) Veronique Nantista Fundación Francisco Largo Caballero Elisa Navas Fundación Manuel de Falla Javier Novo Fundación Ortega y Gasset/ Gregorio Isabel Oliver Marañón Javier Ortega Fundación Pablo Iglesias Raúl Ortega Fundación Telefónica Jordi Puértolas Galería Guillermo de Osma Isabel Quintanilla Getty Images Blanca Rabazas Glasgow Life Museum Marina Rosell Harmonía Mundi Ibérica Emilio Ruiz Hemeroteca Municipal de Madrid Jordi Serchs Instituto de la Mujer Rafael Tous Instituto Valenciano de Arte Moderno Ángeles Vian Herrero (IVAM) Azucena Vieites La Fábrica Virginia Villaplana Lola Madrid 0915_00.preliminares#2.indd 3 16/02/12 10:35 Acción Cultural Española (AC/E) Ayuntamiento de Madrid — — Presidenta Alcaldesa Charo Otegui Pascual Ana Botella Directora de Proyectos y Coordinación Delegado del Área de Las Artes Pilar Gómez Gutiérrez Fernando Villalonga Gerente Coordinador General de Las Artes Concha Toquero Plaza Carlos Baztán Director Económico-Financiero Directora General de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos Carmelo García Ollauri Belén Martínez Directora de Comunicación Nieves Goicoechea González Director de Relaciones Institucionales Ignacio Ollero Borrero Directora de Producción Cecilia Pereira Marimón 0915_00.preliminares#4.indd 4 17/02/12 13:06 Este catálogo se publicó con motivo de la exposición 100 años en femenino celebrada en el Centro Conde Duque, entre el 9 de marzo y el 20 de junio de 2012. 100 años en femenino Una historia de las mujeres en España — Oliva María Rubio / Isabel Tejeda (dirs.) 0915_00.preliminares.indd 5 10/02/12 12:27 Presentación Acción Cultural Española (AC/E) organiza con el Centro Charo Otegui Pascual Conde Duque la exposición 100 años en femenino, un recorri- — do por el llamado «siglo de las mujeres». Esta muestra consi- Presidenta de Acción Cultural dera que 1911, año del primer Día Internacional de la Mujer, Española (AC/E) es el mejor inicio del recorrido por la labor de esa parte de la sociedad que ha sido protagonista en el último siglo de los avances femeninos en materia de derechos y de transforma- ciones sociales. Hoy somos más conscientes de los importan- tes pasos dados en favor de la incorporación de la mujer al ámbito público en el que, estando presente, no siempre ha estado visible, así como de la necesidad de reafirmar nuestra voluntad conjunta de continuar con un camino que ya no tiene vuelta atrás. En cien años, la mujer ha conseguido estar presente en campos ajenos a su rol tradicional en periodos históricos anteriores. Su entrada en el mundo laboral, su desembarco en la actividad pública y el acceso a determinadas posiciones profesionales en lo político, económico y social, demuestran que hoy la mujer está activamente allí donde se toman las decisiones que afectan a todos. Dicho esto, es preciso recordar que no ha sido un proceso homogéneo y que persisten desigualdades considerables. A pesar de logros indiscutibles como el sufragio universal femenino, la emancipación económica y política o la refor- ma del modelo tradicional de familia, que ha permitido una cierta independencia femenina frente a roles tradicionales, todavía quedan por afrontar retos como la igualdad efec- tiva de oportunidades laborales, el acceso igualitario a las ofertas y a los puestos ejecutivos del ámbito privado o al alto funcionariado en el ámbito público, así como la paridad en los salarios. A comienzos de la segunda década del siglo xxi, todavía en Europa, uno de los continentes que más ha luchado jurídica y socialmente por la equiparación de los derechos entre hombres y mujeres, estas perciben un sala- rio sensiblemente inferior al de sus compañeros masculinos en igualdad de condiciones laborales. 6_Charo Otegui Pascual Presentación 0915_00.preliminares.indd 6 10/02/12 12:27 Las mujeres también son un activo en la generación de cam- bios sociales. La Transición española es representativa del esfuerzo, a veces callado, de la mujer española en las últimas tres décadas. Esto se ha traducido en cambios decisivos en los niveles de acceso femenino
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