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Categorización De Taxones De La Flora De Cuba 2015

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Categorización De Taxones De La Flora De Cuba 2015 Bissea, Vol. 9, Número Especial 4 Noviembre 2015 Versión impresa: ISSN 1998-4189 El Boletín sobre Conservación de Plantas del Jardín Botánico Nacional de Cuba Versión digital: ISSN 1998-4197 Categorización de taxones de la flora de Cuba 2015 Bissea es un boletín arbitrado, dedicado a difundir las acciones que se realizan por la conservación de la flora cubana.Bissea honra la memoria del Prof. Dr. Johannes Bisse, fundador del Jardín Botánico Nacional de Cuba, quien puso particular empeño en la formación de botánicos cubanos. Versión impresa: ISSN 1998-4189 Versión digital: ISSN 1998-4197 COORDINACIÓN EDITORIAL: Alejandro Palmarola EDITORES: Lisbet González-Oliva, Luis R. González-Torres, Alejandro Palmarola, Duniel Barrios & Ernesto Testé REVISIÓN: Grupo de Especialistas en Plantas Cubanas, CSE/UICN Diana Rodríguez-Cala, José A. García-Beltrán, Eldis R. Bécquer, Luis Granado & Maria Antonia Castañeira Colomé. DISEÑO GRÁFICO: Alejandro Palmarola DISEÑO EDITORIAL: Alejandro Palmarola & Luis R. González-Torres MAQUETACIÓN: Ernesto Testé y Lisbet González-Oliva © 2015, los autores. © 2015, de la presente edición Jardín Botánico Nacional. Categorización de taxones La opinión de los autores no necesariamente refleja la de los editores ni la del Jardín Botánico Nacional. La reproducción de cualquier parte de esta publicación con fines no comerciales está autorizada sin la solicitud de un permiso especial. de la flora de Cuba Se agradece la citación de la fuente original. Bissea se distribuye gratuitamente en impreso y en electrónico. Para suscribirse o publicar dirija su correspondencia a [email protected] y 2015 [email protected]. Todos los números de Bissea están disponibles en: http://www.uh.cu/centros/jbn/textos/publicaciones/bissea.html http://www.iniciativaplanta.org CITACIÓN RECOMENDADA: Del volúmen íntegro: - González-Oliva, L., González-Torres, L.R., Palmarola, A., Barrios, D. & Testé E. (Eds.) 2015. Categorización de taxones de la flora de Cuba - 2015. Bissea 9 (número especial 4): 3-707. De las hojas de taxón independientes (ejemplo): - González P.A. & Gómez-Hechavarría, J.L. 2015. Dasytropis fragilis. Bissea 9 (número especial 4):9. La elaboración de este número contó con el apoyo de: Categorización de taxones de la flora de Cuba - 2015 GRUPO DE ESPECIALISTAS EN PLANTAS CUBANAS COMISIÓN DE SUPERVIVENCIA DE LAS ESPecIES EDITORIAL UNIÓN INTERNACIONAL PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LA NATURALEZA El Grupo de Especialistas en Plantas Cubanas (GEPC) Dr. Luis Roberto González-Torres Presidente de la Comisión de Supervivencia de las Especies (CSE) Dr. Eldis R. Bécquer Granados de la UICN, realiza esfuerzos por completar la evaluación Vicepresidente del estado de conservación de las plantas. Ello constituye MSc. Alejandro Palmarola Bejerano una de las tareas necesarias para su preservación. Por ello Oficial de Programa constituye también una de las acciones previstas por Cuba para alcanzar la meta 12 del Programa Nacional sobre MIEMBROS Diversidad Biológica 2016-2020 respondiendo a uno de los Dr. Alfredo Noa Monzón Dra. Ledis Regalado Gabancho compromisos contraidos por nuestro país con la Convención Dr. Ángel Motito Marin Dra. Lisbet González Oliva de Diversidad Biológica. Dr. Carlos A. Sánchez Villaverde Dr. Luis J. Catasús Guerra Este número especial de Bissea está dedicado a publicar Dra. Cristina Panfet Valdés Dra. Maira Fernández Zequeira resultados del trabajo del GEPC en sus reuniones anuales, Dra. Daysi Vilamajó Alberti Manuel García Caluff con la colaboración de otros expertos nacionales y extranjeros. M.Sc. Duniel Barrios Valdés Dr. Pedro A. González Gutiérrez Estos resultados tributan directamente a alcanzar la meta M.Sc. Eddy Martínez Quesada Dr. Pedro P. Herrera-Oliva de evaluar al menos el 80 % de las plantas nativas de Cuba Dr. Francisco Cejas Rodriguez Dra. Ramona Oviedo Prieto para el 2020. Con este volúmen salen a la luz la evaluación o Dra. Hildelisa Saralequi Boza Lic. Raúl Verdecia Pérez re-evaluación del estado de conservación de 1 149 taxones, Dr. Isidro E. Méndez Santos Dr. René Capote López la informacón asociada a la categoría de la IUCN asignada y las recomendaciones del GEPC para mejorar el estado Dr. Jorge E. Gutierréz Amaro Dr. Rolando Pérez Márquez de conservación de cada uno de ellos. La evaluación de Lic. José L. Gómez Echevarría Dra. Rosa G. Rankin Rodríguez los taxones incluidos en este volúmen sustituye todas las Dr. José M. Guzmán Menéndez Dra. Rosalina C. Berazaín Iturralde evaluaciones previas existentes; las categorías y criterios Lic. Juan A. Hernández Valdés M.Sc. Yoira Rivero Queralta asignados invalidan cualquier evaluación anterior del taxon. Los criterios seguidos para el análisis de la situación de OTROS COLABORADORES conservación de los taxones se exponen en el Recuadro I. M.Sc. Alelí Morales Martínez Lic. Luis Granado Pérez Lic. Ernesto Testé Lozano Lic. María A. Castañeira Colomé Con esta entrega se situa en 72 % el número de taxones Lic. Diana Rodríguez Cala Lic. Roberto Novo Carbo vasculares nativos de Cuba cuyo estado de conservación Lic. Jose A. García Beltrán M.Sc. Renier Morejón Hernández ya ha sido evaluado. Resultado digno de destacar es Lic. Julio León Cabrera Ing. Vidal Pérez Hernández que se mantiene en casi la mitad la flora vascular nativa M.Sc. Julio Pavel García Lahera M.Sc. Waldo E. Bonet Mayedo amenenazada de extinción, ya que el porcentaje de taxones Dr. Idelfonso Castañeda Noa M.Sc. Wilder Carmenate Dra. Lianne Fernández Granda Dr. Werner Greuter evaluados con alguna categoría de amenaza luego de esta M.Sc. Lucia Hechavarría Schwesinger Ing. Zenia Acosta Ramos entrega se sitúa en 47 %. Del total de taxones presentados en este volumen 329 resultaron con categoría En Peligro Crítico (CR), 115 En Peligro (EN), 104 Vulnerables (VU), 5 Casi Amenazados 5 Bissea 9 (número especial 4) - noviembre 2015 Categorización de taxones de la flora de Cuba - 2015 Recuadro I. Resumen de los criterios utilizados en la categorización, basado en las categorias y criterios propuestos por UICN 2001. (NT) y 77 de Preocupación Menor (LC). Unos 18 taxones fueron declarados o confirmados como Extintos y dos taxones más fueron Usa cualquiera de los criterios A-E En Peligro En Peligro Vulnerable - Crítico - CR - EN VU declarados RE (Extinto Regional). Además otros 29 taxones (23 A. Reducción de la población Declinación registrada a lo largo de 10 años o 3 generaciones. CR y 6 DD) que no han podido ser relocalizados en los últimos A1 ≥ 90 % ≥ 70 % ≥ 50 % años les fue incluida la etiqueta Posiblemente Extinto (PE), la cual A2, A3 y A4 ≥ 80 % ≥ 50 % ≥ 30 % le confiere máxima prioridad de relocalización. También prioridad para estudios poblacionales actuales, búsqueda y relocalización A1. Reducción del tamaño de la población observada, estimada, inferida o sospechada, en el pasado, cuyas causas son claramente revercibles y entendidas y ya han cesado; basado en (y especificando) cualquiera de los lo constituyen los 499 taxones cuya falta de datos no permitió siguientes puntos: (a) observación directa su recategorización y les fue asignada la categoría DD (Datos (b) un índice de abundancia apropiado para el taxón (c) una reducción del área de ocupación, extención de presencia y/o calidad del hábitat Deficientes). El estado de conservación actual estos taxones DD (d) niveles de explotación reales o patenciales (e) efecto de taxones introducidos, hibridación, patógenos, contaminantes, competencia o parásitos. es por tanto desconocido impidiendo el diseño de estrategias de A2. Reducción del tamaño de la población observada, estimada, inferida o sospechada, en el pasado, cuyas conservación y manejo efectivas. En el peor de los escenarios, causas pueden no haber cesado o pueden no ser entendidas o no reversibles, basado en cualquiera de los algunas de ellas podrían pasar a la categoría EX o RE en el futuro puntos (a) a (e) bajo A1. ayudadas por desconocimiento y falta de gestión. A3. Reducción del tamaño de la población que se proyecta o se sospecha será alcanzada en el futuro (hasta un máximo de 100 años); basado en cualquiera los puntos (b) a (e) bajo A1. Un total de 68 taxones de los incluidos en este volumen no poseen A4. Reducción del tamaño de la población observada, estimada, inferida o sospechada, (hasta un máximo de 100 años), donde el período de tiempo debe incluir tanto pasado como futuro, y donde las causas de la reduc- ningún grado de protección, todos ellos se encuentran, excepto ción pueden no haber cesado o puedan no ser entendidas o no reversibles; basado en basado en los puntos (a) un único taxón, amenazados de extinción, e incluso cinco de ellos a (e) bajo A1. exhiben etiqueta de Posiblemente Extinto. Esta desprotección del B. Distribución geográfica (geografic range) en la forma B1 (extensión de presencia) o B2 (área de ocupación) Sistema Nacional de Areas Protegidas le confiere una alta prioridad o ambos: de conservación puesto que fuera de áreas protegidas su estado B1. Extensión de la presencia (del rango de < 100 km² < 5 000 km² < 20 000 km² distribución) [EP] de conservación podría deteriorarse más drásticamente. En estos casos emergieron como pincipales recomendaciones acometer B2. Área de ocupación [AO] < 10 km² < 500 km² < 2 000 km² y al menos 2 de los siguientes: su cultivo ex situ y el manejo de su población con acciones de (a) severamente fragmentada O número de sitios = 1 ≤ 5 ≤ 10 propagación, reforzamiento e introducción. (b) reducción continua de: (i) extensión de presencia; (ii) área de ocupación; (iii) área, extensión y/o calidad del hábitat; (iv) número de sitios o subpoblaciones; (v) número de individuos maduros. (c) fluctuaciones extremas de: (i) extensión de la presencia; (ii) área de ocupación; (iii) número de sitios o subpoblaciones; (iv) número de individuos maduros. C. Tamaño y decline de la población pequeña. Los editores Número de individuos maduros < 250 < 2 500 < 10 000 Y además cumple con C1 o C2: Para más información: [email protected] C1. Una reducción continua estimada en al 25 % en 3 años o 20 % en 5 años o 10 % en 10 años o menos: 1 generación 2 generaciones 3 generaciones C2.
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