2015. 67-75 © Amurian Zoological Journal. VII(1)
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Frontiers in Zoology Biomed Central
Frontiers in Zoology BioMed Central Research Open Access Does the DNA barcoding gap exist? – a case study in blue butterflies (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Martin Wiemers* and Konrad Fiedler Address: Department of Population Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria Email: Martin Wiemers* - [email protected]; Konrad Fiedler - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 7 March 2007 Received: 1 December 2006 Accepted: 7 March 2007 Frontiers in Zoology 2007, 4:8 doi:10.1186/1742-9994-4-8 This article is available from: http://www.frontiersinzoology.com/content/4/1/8 © 2007 Wiemers and Fiedler; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: DNA barcoding, i.e. the use of a 648 bp section of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I, has recently been promoted as useful for the rapid identification and discovery of species. Its success is dependent either on the strength of the claim that interspecific variation exceeds intraspecific variation by one order of magnitude, thus establishing a "barcoding gap", or on the reciprocal monophyly of species. Results: We present an analysis of intra- and interspecific variation in the butterfly family Lycaenidae which includes a well-sampled clade (genus Agrodiaetus) with a peculiar characteristic: most of its members are karyologically differentiated from each other which facilitates the recognition of species as reproductively isolated units even in allopatric populations. -
New Or Little Known Butterflies from China
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Atalanta Jahr/Year: 2016 Band/Volume: 47 Autor(en)/Author(s): Huang Hao Artikel/Article: New or little known butterflies from China - 2 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae et Hesperiidae) 161-173 Atalanta 47 (1/2): 161-173, Marktleuthen (Juli 2016), ISSN 0171-0079 New or little known butterflies from China - 2 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae et Hesperiidae) by HAO HUANG received 12.II.2016 Abstract: Aporia tayiensis siyaoi subspec. nov. is described from southern Gansu. Aporia wolongensis YOSHINO, 1995 stat. nov. (= A. acraea wolongensis YOSHINO, 1995) is raised to full specific rank, with A. wolongensis koiwayai DELLA BRUNA et al. comb. nov. (= A. acraea koiwayai DELLA BRUNA et al., 2003) regarded as its subspecies. Euaspa zhengi spec. nov. is described from Motuo, SE Tibet. Ussuriana fani zihaoi subspec. nov. is described from Lixian and Heishui, northwestern Sichuan. Coladenia vitrea LEECH is reported from Shaanxi, with ‡‡ figured for the first time.Sovia fangi HUANG & WU, 2003 and Limenitis dubernardi OBERTHÜR, 1903 are rediscovered and discussed. Introduction: Most of the butterflies reported in this paper were collected by the author and his friends from the Chi- nese Provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet, Gansu and Shaanxi in 2014-2015. Abbrevitions: BSNU: Biological laboratory of Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China. CHH: Collection of HAO HUANG. CLYF: Collection of YU-FEI LI. HT: Holotype. IZAS: Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, P.R. China. PT: Paratype. TL: Type locality. Pieridae Aporia tayiensis s i y a o i subspec. -
Report on the Butterflies Collected from Chongqing, Shaanxi and Gansu
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Atalanta Jahr/Year: 2016 Band/Volume: 47 Autor(en)/Author(s): Huang Si-Yao Artikel/Article: Report on the butterflies collected from Chongqing, Shaanxi and Gansu, China in 2015 (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea, Hesperoidea) 241-248 Atalanta 47 (1/2): 241-248, Marktleuthen (Juli 2016), ISSN 0171-0079 Report on the butterflies collected from Chongqing, Shaanxi and Gansu, China in 2015 (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea, Hesperoidea) by SI-YAO HUANG received 30.III.2016 Abstract: A list of the butterflies collected by the author and his colleague in the Chinese Provinces of Chongqing, S. Shaanxi and S. Gansu in the summer of 2015 is presented. In the summer of 2015, the author accomplished a survey on butterflies at the following localities (fig. A): Chongqing Province: Simianshan, 4th-9thJuly. Shaanxi Province: Liping Natural Reserve, Nanzheng County: 12th-14th July; Danangou, Fengxian County: 31st July; Dongshan, Taibai County: 1st August; Miaowangshan, Fengxian County: 2nd August; Xiaonangou, Fengxian County: 3rd-5th August; Zhufeng, Fengxian County: 5th August. Gansu Province: Xiongmaogou, Xiahe County: 16th-18th July; Laolonggou, Diebu County: 20th July; Meilugou, Die- bu County: 21st July; Tiechiliang, Diebu County: 22nd July; Lazikou, Diebu County: 23rd July; Tiangangou, Zhouqu County: 25th-26th July; Pianpiangou, Zhouqu County: 28th-29th July. A checklist of butterflies collected from Chongqing, Shaanxi and Gansu in 2015 Hesperiidae Coeliadinae 1. Hasora tarminatus (HÜBNER, 1818): 1 † 7-VII, Simianshan, leg. & coll. GUO-XI XUE. Pyrginae 2. Gerosis phisara (MOORE, 1884): 1 †, 6-VII, Simianshan. 3. Celaenorrhinus maculosus (C. & R. -
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Advances in Biological Sciences Research (ABSR), volume 4 2nd International Conference on Biomedical and Biological Engineering 2017 (BBE 2017) Ultrastructure and Self-cleaning Function of Moth (Notodontidae) and Butterfly (Lycaenidae) Wings Yan FANG, Gang SUN*, Jing-shi YIN, Wan-xing WANG and Yu-qian WANG School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China *Corresponding author Keywords: Ultrastructure, Self-cleaning, Wettability, Moth, Butterfly, Biomaterial. Abstract. The microstructure, hydrophobicity, adhesion and chemical composition of the butterfly and moth wing surfaces were investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a contact angle meter, and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). Using ground calcium carbonate (heavy CaCO3 ) as contaminating particle, the self-cleaning performance of the wing surface was evaluated. The wing surfaces, composed of naturally hydrophobic material (chitin, protein, fat, etc.), possess complicated hierarchical micro/nano structures. According to the large contact angle (CA, 148.3~156.2° for butterfly, 150.4~154.7° for moth) and small sliding angle (SA, 1~3° for butterfly, 1~4° for moth), the wing surface is of low adhesion and superhydrophobicity. The removal rate of contaminating particle from the wing surface is averagely 88.0% (butterfly wing) and 87.7% (moth wing). There is a good positive correlation ( R 2 =0.8385 for butterfly, 0.8155 for moth) between particle removal rate and roughness index of the wing surface. The coupling effect of material element and structural element contributes to the outstanding superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning performance of the wing surface. The wings of flying insect can be potentially used as templates for biomimetic preparation of biomedical interfacial material with multi-functions. -
Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation John Mathew Old Dominion University
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations Biological Sciences Summer 2003 Aphytophagy in the Miletinae (Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation John Mathew Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Genetics Commons Recommended Citation Mathew, John. "Aphytophagy in the Miletinae (Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation" (2003). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), dissertation, Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/v7rh-mb21 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds/74 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. APHYTOPHAGY IN THE MILETINAE (LYCAENIDAE): PHYLOGENY, ECOLOGY, AND CONSERVATION by John Mathew B.Sc. June 1990, Madras Christian College M.Sc. June 1992, Madras Christian College M.Phil. May 1994, Madras University A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 2003 Approved by: Deborah A. Waller (Co-Director) »mi E. Pierce (Co-Director) H. Savitzky (Member) Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT APHYTOPHAGY IN THE MILETINAE (LYCAENIDAE): PHYTOGENY, ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION John Mathew Old Dominion University, 2003 Co-Directors of Advisory Committee: Dr. Deborah A. Waller Dr. Naomi E. Pierce Less than 1% of all Lepidoptera are aphytophagous; of these, a considerable proportion is found in the family Lycaenidae. -
Predatory and Parasitic Lepidoptera: Carnivores Living on Plants
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 49(4), 1995, 412-453 PREDATORY AND PARASITIC LEPIDOPTERA: CARNIVORES LIVING ON PLANTS NAOMI E. PIERCE Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA ABSTRACT. Moths and butterflies whose larvae do not feed on plants represent a decided minority slice of lepidopteran diversity, yet offer insights into the ecology and evolution of feeding habits. This paper summarizes the life histories of the known pred atory and parasitic lepidopteran taxa, focusing in detail on current research in the butterfly family Lycaenidae, a group disproportionately rich in aphytophagous feeders and myr mecophilous habits. More than 99 percent of the 160,000 species of Lepidoptera eat plants (Strong et al. 1984, Common 1990). Plant feeding is generally associated with high rates of evolutionary diversification-while only 9 of the 30 extant orders of insects (Kristensen 1991) feed on plants, these orders contain more than half of the total number of insect species (Ehrlich & Raven 1964, Southwood 1973, Mitter et al. 1988, cf. Labandiera & Sepkoski 1993). Phytophagous species are characterized by specialized diets, with fewer than 10 percent having host ranges of more than three plant families (Bernays 1988, 1989), and butterflies being particularly host plant-specific (e.g., Remington & Pease 1955, Remington 1963, Ehrlich & Raven 1964). This kind of life history specialization and its effects on population structure may have contributed to the diversification of phytophages by promoting population subdivision and isolation (Futuyma & Moreno 1988, Thompson 1994). Many studies have identified selective forces giving rise to differences in niche breadth (Berenbaum 1981, Scriber 1983, Rausher 1983, Denno & McClure 1983, Strong et al. -
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OL The Journal of Research , g;J|ON THE Lepidoptera Volume 39 2000 (2006) The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera ISSN 0022 4324 Published by: The Lepidoptera Research Foundation, Inc. 9620 Heather Road Beverly Hills, California 90210-1757 TEL (310) 399 6016 E-MAIL: Editorial: [email protected] Business: [email protected] Technical: [email protected] Founder: William Hovanitz (1915-1977) Edu'orial Staff: Andrew Warren, editor E-MAIL: [email protected] Rudolf H.T Mattoni, assistant editor E-MAIL: [email protected] Nancy R. Vannucci, managing editor E-MAIL: [email protected] Associate Editors: The Lepidoptera Research Eoundation is in process of reorganization. A board of associate editors will be established. Manuscripts and notices material may at present be sent to the assistant editor, Rudolf H.T. Mattoni, E-MAIL: [email protected]. The editor is in process of relocation, btu either the assistant or managing editors can be contacted at the addresses given. Please note the instructions to atuhors on the back inside cover of this Journal M.vn.aginc editor at the address: Nancy R. Vannucci, Maza 3340, Moron B1708GOP, Buenos Aires, Argentina The journal is sent to all members of the Eoundation. Classes of membership: Regular (Individual) $ 25.00 year (vol.) Contributing $ 30.00 or more year (vol.) Student/ Retired-Worldwide $ 20.00 year (vol.) Stibscription Rate/ Instittitions $ 35.00 year (vol.) Life % 300.00 STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT THEJOURNAL OE RESEARCH ON THE LEPIDOPTER\ will be published two times a year by the LEPIDOPTERA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC. Publication and business offices are located at the Beverly Hills, California address given above. -
EBG 23 May 2018 (PDF, 4.2Mb)
Issue 23 May 2018 eNewsletter CONTENTS Welcome! We are now the European Butterflies Group and this is the first newsletter with our new name and logo. Chairman’s Introduction ....... 2 A big thank you as usual to contributors for their excellent articles. Notices and News.................... 3 Please do read the Chairman’s Introduction on the next page and AGM 2018 consider his appeal for volunteers. We badly need extra administra - Butterfly holidays tive support for the group to function effectively. If you think you Survey for Spanish Greenish Black-tip can help, please get in touch with the Chairman. You do NOT need Pointers on recent ‘splits’ to be expert in European butterflies to help run the group. 2019 EBG Calendar Competition News from France A year ago our Anniversary Magazine featured an updated checklist of European butterfly species, based on work by a committee Taxon nevadensis .................. 12 chaired by Rudi Verovnik. The list included 12 new species and I Corsica ................................... 15 have done some brief notes (on pages 4-6 ) which help to explain Charca de Suárez, Motril ......... 23 the changes. Bernard Watts has written a fuller article explaining Book Review............................ 28 the new species Melitaea nevadensis (Southern Heath Fritillary ) Photospot (FE Russia)............... 29 on pages 12-14. I would like to include articles in future newsletters on some of the other new species – for instance on the Erebia cassioides complex (see left). Contributions will Common Brassy Ringlet (Erebia be gratefully received, including sug - cassioides ), which I photographed gestions of accurate English names in the Italian Dolomites. E. cassioides is now considered to comprise three for the new species. -
The Effects of Ant Mutualism on the Foraging and Diet of L Ycaenid
The Effects of Am MwulI/is/Il I 405 12 1990a, b; Fiedler and Maschwitz 1988, 1989a, b; Nash 1990; Savignano 1990; Baylis and Pierce 1991 b). Our discussion here concentrates mainly on these mutualistic associations . The Effects of Ant Mutualism This chapter will examine the nature of the nutritional hurdles imposed by on the Foraging and Diet Iycaenid-ant mutualisms and the responses of Iycaenids to those challenges. We wi ll begin with a brief overview of some of the effects that ants may have had of L ycaenid Caterpillars on the dietary choices of Iycaenid butterflies . We will then focus our discussion on la/menus evagoras, the species that has been the subject of our research in Matthew Baylis and Naomi E. Pierce this area, and evaluate some of the physiological constraints imposed by the need to secrete rewards for ants as well as evidence for physiological and behavioral responses to these constraints. Ants involved in Iycaenid-ant interactions typically obtain their food from a variety of sources, and no relationships have been described in which attendant ants rely entirely on the secretions of Iycaenid larvae for sustenance. However, Introduction Iycaenids vary considerably in the strength of their associations with attendant ants. In some species, larvae appear to appease ants but have no other direct interactions with them; in others, perhaps the majori ty, larvae not only appease Larvae of species in at least 10 families of the Lepidoptera associate with ants ants, but are intermittently tended by any of a large number of different species; (Hinton 1951; Maschwitz et al. -
Spec. Nov. from Shaanxi, China (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae) 329-332 ©Ges
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Atalanta Jahr/Year: 1996 Band/Volume: 27 Autor(en)/Author(s): Bozano Gian Cristoforo Artikel/Article: Satyrium giacomazzoi spec. nov. from Shaanxi, China (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae) 329-332 ©Ges. zur Förderung d. Erforschung von Insektenwanderungen e.V. München, download unter www.zobodat.at Atalanta (May 1996) 2 7 (1/2): 329-332, colour plate Vllb, Würzburg, ISSN 0171-0079 Satyrium giacomazzoi spec. nov. from Shaanxi, China (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae) by G ian C r is t o f o r o B o z a n o received 28.VIII.1995 Summary: Satyrium giacomazzoi spec. nov. is described from Shaanxi, China. The wing underside of the new species has characters not found in any known species of the genus Satyrium Scudder , 1876. The male genitalia on the contrary are typical of this genus. Introduction The butterfly fauna of the mountain area extending from Southern Shaanxi and Southern Gansu to North-Western Sichuan is one of the most interesting and less studied in ail the Palearctic region. In recent years many new species of Lycaenidae, subfamily Theclinae, have been described from this region (Fujioka , 1992, 1994; Koiwaya , 1993; Sugiyama , 1992, 1993, 1994a, 1994b; Bozano , 1993). Nevertheless almost every collecting expedition in that area continues to bring to the light previously unrecorded taxa. In spite of the dense popula tion and of the heavy agricultural exploitation and deforestation, there are still beautiful and well preserved spots hosting, even if very close to each other, an extraordinary variety of different species, among which the Theclinae are possibly the most localised and scarce in quantity. -
ESPECIALLY for FIELD COLLECTORS (Under the Supervision of FRED T
1960 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 203 ESPECIALLY FOR FIELD COLLECTORS (Under the supervision of FRED T. THORNE, 1360 Merritt Dr., 1':1 Cajon, Calif., U.S.A.) BUTTERFLY HUNTING IN THE MOUNTAINS OF CENTRAL JAPAN by KAIYA KUBO The Tobira Spa is located between Mt. Hachibuse and the Utsukushi ga-hara Heights, and can be reached in an hour by bus from Matsumoto City, Nagano Prefecture, central Japan. In 1956, I stayed at one of the spa hotels from early June through the end of the summer season to collect and photograph butterflies there. In early summer when the fresh-green hills and valleys are adorned with scarlet mountain azaleas, the most abundant butterflies on the wing are perhaps Parnassius glacialis and Papilio maacki. The former is an elegant butterfly, though without red spots on the white wings, while the latter is one of the finest 'black' swallowtatils of Japan. These huge swallowtails are frequently seen gathering on the edges of way side pools and streams, or even the puddles on the bus road. The drinking butterflies were so numerous that I was tantalized over and over again at the sight of startled butterflies that scattered away from the road on which the bus was carrying me to the mountain resort. The number of butterlies getting together to take moisture varies from two to fifteen. They did not form an exclusive drinking society, for they were often jOined by other species e. g. Papilio machaon, P. bitInor, P. macilentus, Dichorragia nesimachus (Nymphalidre), Daimio tethys (Hesperiidre), etc. In photographing these large butterflies taking to water, I had no particular difficulties in approaching them, but every time I focussed my camera near the road I could not escape from inquisitive people, who only caused the butterflies to flyaway. -
Diversity of Insect Pollinators in Different Agricultural Crops and Wild Flowering Plants in Korea: Literature Review
Original Article 한국양봉학회지 제25권 제2호 (2010) Journal of Apiculture 30(3) : 191~201 (2015) Diversity of Insect Pollinators in Different Agricultural Crops and Wild Flowering Plants in Korea: Literature Review Sei-Woong Choi and Chuleui Jung1* Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, South Korea 1Andong National University, Andong, Kyungbuk, South Korea (Received 10 September 2015; Revised 25 September 2015; Accepted 28 September 2015) Abstract | Insect pollination is an important ecosystem process for increased agricultural crop yield as well as for enhancing ecosystem production. We analyzed insect pollinators visiting fruits and flowers in different orchards and wild fields across Korea during the last three decades, published in scientific journals in Korea. A total of 368 species in 115 families of 7 orders were recorded to serve as pollinators in 43 different agricultural crops and wild flowers. The most diverse insect pollinators were the species of Hymenoptera followed by Diptera and Coleoptera. The dominant insect pollinator was the honey bee (Apis melliferas) followed by Eristalis cerealis, Tetralonia nipponensis, Xylocopa appendiculata, Eristalis tenax, Helophilus virgatus and Artogeia rapae. Study methods employed for diversity of pollinators were mostly sweep netting, but trapping was mostly employed for bee diversity and direct observation for lepidopteran diversity. Bee diversity was higher in orchards while insect order level diversity was higher in wild plant pollinators, suggesting the important roles of wild flowers for conservation of insect pollinators. Key words: Apis melliferas, Eristalis cerealis, Tetralonia nipponensis, Xylocopa appendiculata, Eristalis tenax, Helophilus virgatus, Artogeia rapae INTRODUCTION diverse species of Hymenoptera (bees, solitary species, bumblebees, pollen wasps and ants), Diptera (bee flies, Animal-mediated pollination plays an important functi- houseflies, hoverflies), Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), onal role in most terrestrial ecosystems and provides a key Coleoptera (flower beetles), and other insects.