DISTRICT PROFILE MADHUBANI INTRODUCTION
Madhubani district is one of the thirty-eight administrative districts of Bihar. Formerly the northern sub-division of the erstwhile Darbhanga district, Madhubani was notified as a district in 1972. Madhubani district is a part of Darbhanga division. Madhubani is the cultural heart of Mithilanchal, being the birthplace of many literary people and home to Madhubani paintings . Madhubani has maintained a distinct individuality of its own. Madhubani is bounded in the north by the hilly region of Nepal, and districts of Darbhanga, Sitamarhi and Supaul in south , west and east respectively. The rivers that flow near Madhubani are Kosi river, Kamla Balan, Bhutahi Balan, Adhwara, Kareh, Gehuan, Supen, Trishula, Jeevachh, Bachharaja, Dhous and Ghaghr.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
The name Madhubani is derived from the word "Madhuban" meaning “ forest of honey". Also, the word Madhubani is got by joining the words "madhu" and "vaani", meaning "sweet voice/language". There are no pre-historic sites in Madhubani though remains of the earliest aboriginal population known as the Tharus, Bhars, Kiratas, etc., can be seen here. They wielded power in Madhubani region prior to its Aryanisation and Shiva worship was in vogue. The kingdom of Videha, ruled by a successive line of kings known as Janakas, included Madhubani. The royalty and nobility- although the vanguard of Aryan culture, took to worshipping Shiva in consonance with the faith of their subjects. According to Mahabharata tradition, the Pandavas during their exile stayed in the region of Madhubani district. Bimbisar, the founder of the Magadhan empire, and his son Ajatshatru aspired to rule over the whole of Aryan land. Ajatshatru subdued the Lichchhavis, conquered the entire north Bihar and brought Mithila under their suzerainty. Both Jain and the Buddhist literatures contain innumerable references to Madhubani which shows that Madhubani region was deeply influenced by their teachings. Buddha's devout disciple Anand was a Vaidehamuni, a monk of the land of Videhas.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
After the decisive victory of the English in the battle of Buxar in 1764,
Madhubani along with other parts of Bihar, came under the control of British. In 1857, patriotic fervour raged-high in Madhubani district as in many other districts of Bihar. People of Madhubani responded enthusiastically to Mahatma Gandhi’s call of non-cooperation. Khadi centre for spinning and weaving was opened at Madhubani. It became so popular that Madhubani emerged as a renowned centre of Khadi production. The popularity of Khadi weaving and spinning in Madhubani went a long way in inspiring the people towards the nationalist cause. Madhubani district played an important role in India’s freedom movement. Madhubani was earlier a part of the erstwhile ‘Bettiah Raj’. Internal disputes and family quarrels divided the Bettiah Raj and in course of time Madhubani Raj was created in Madhubani.
ADMINISTRATIVE
Madhubani town is the administrative headquarters of Madhubani district. Madhubani district comprises of 5 sub-divisions, namely Madhubani, Jainagar, Benipatti, Jhanjharpur and Phulparas which is divided into 21 blocks.
o Andharathari o Jhanjharpur o Pandaul
o Laukahi o Kaluahi o Phulparas
o Basopatti o Khajauli o Rahika
o Benipatti o Khutauna o Rajnagar
o Bisfi o Ladania
o Harlakhi o Lakhanaur
o Ghoghardiha o Madhepur
o Jainagar o Madhwapur
Total no. of Panchayats in Madhubani district: 399. Total no. of villages in Madhubani district: 1111. ECONOMIC PROFILE
The district has a very rich & fertile land irrigated by several rivers, hence agriculture is the mainstay of the economy. Madhubani is famous for Makhana and sweet water fish. Used as motifs on bags, apparels, wall-hangings, etc., Madhubani paintings are a
rage both in the domestic and foreign market. Madhubani district has two industrial area namely Pandaul and Jhanjharpur.
Per Capita Gross State and District Domestic Product
13404 15000 11311 11815 10237 9832 10615 10000 7585 7463 6773 6332 5000
0 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Per Capita Gross District Domestic Product Per Capita Gross State Domestic Product
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Govt. of Bihar
GEOGRAPHIC
Coordinates Latitude: 25º59' to 26º39‘ North Longitude: 85º43‘ to 86º42‘ East Temperature 42° C (Max.) 05° C (Min.) Average rainfall 1273.2 mm
Area 3501 sq. km
Height above sea level 80 meters
Source: MSME – DI Muzaffarpur, official website of district
DEMOGRAPHIC
Population 4476044 Population density 1300 per sq. km
Population growth 25.19%
Sex ratio 925 per 1000 male
Literacy rate 60.9%
Languages spoken Maithli, Hindi
INDUSTRIAL
Registered industrial units 1704
Registered medium & large units Nil
No. of industrial areas 02
Types of industries Agro based, wood & wooden based furniture, mineral based, metal based, electrical machinery, repairing & servicing, engineering services, ready made garments based, chemical/ chemical based etc.
Source: MSME – DI Muzaffarpur, official website of district
INVESTMENT
Makhana being produced in Madhubani, there is huge scope for Makhana processing industry. Madhubani paintings being ethnic, trendy and chic and its motifs being variously used, have a high global demand. Clusters can be developed for this art form. There is potential for agro based industries in the district.
Investment (Rs. Lakh) 3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Source: MSME – DI Muzaffarpur
INDUSTRIAL PROFILE
There are two industrial area situated in Madhubani district. Madhubani paintings are tremendously in vogue in domestic and foreign market. Madhubani is a popular tourist destination from religious, historical and archaeological point of view.
INDUSTRIES AT A GLANCE
Registered industrial units 1704
Total industrial units 1704
Registered medium & large units Nil
Estimated avg. no. of daily workers employed in 4224 small scale industries Employment in large and Nil medium industries No. of industrial areas 02
Source: MSME – DI Muzaffarpur MAJOR INDUSTRIAL AREA
Particular Pandaul Jhanjharpur
Land acquired (in hectare) 28.71 2.34 Land developed (in hectare) 28.71 2.34 No. of allotted plots 151 55 No. of units in production 14 12
EXISTING MICRO & SMALL ENTERPRISES AND ARTISAN UNITS
Type of industry No. of Units Investment (Rs. Lakh) Agro based 434 2604 Cotton textile 36 95 Jute & jute based 1 0.86 Ready-made garments & embroidery 20 35 Wood/wooden based furniture 253 638 Paper & paper products 6 1.9 Leather based 12 5 Chemical/chemical based 20 60 Rubber, plastic & petro based 1 2 Mineral based 21 82 Metal based (Steel Fab.) 56 152 Engineering units 130 240 Electrical machinery and transport equipment 80 280 Repairing & servicing 320 492.19 Others 314 550 Total 1704 5237.95 INFRASTRUCTURE
There are two industrial areas in Madhubani district. Total no. of hospitals and health centers: 63. Total no. of commercial banks and financial institutions: 22 Educational institutions: No. of primary schools – 75 No. of middle schools– 31 No. of secondary and senior secondary schools – 15 No. of colleges – 08
AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
The land use around Madhubani is mainly agricultural.
The district has very rich and fertile land which is favourable for agriculture.
Rice, wheat, pulses, sugar cane, litchi, Makhana and mango are produced in Madhubani.
Makhana Processing Industry
Rahika, Andhratarhi, Pandaul, Khajauli, Jhanjharpur, Ladaniya, Rajnagar and Bhisphi is the major Makhana clusters identified in Madhubani district. These clusters account for approximately 65-70% of the total area under Makhana production. Although Andhratarhi cluster has the maximum area under Makhana cultivation, Makhana productivity is highest in Rahika cluster. Makhana pop of cluster Khajauli is considered to be of best quality and fetches good price in the market.
Madhubani Painting
Madhubani style of paintings derives its name from this region as the style originated in Madhubani in the early 17th century. Madhubani painting is done using vegetable dyes and lamp black soot. The canvas is usually cloth or paper. Madhubani painting is the traditional folk painting practiced by women. Madhubani painting was recognised as ‘Kulin’ art or the art of the pure castes. Traditionally, Madhubani paintings were executed on the walls of three places in the home- Gosai Ghar (room of the family deity), Kohbar Ghar (room for newly-wed couples), and the outside veranda used as a sitting room for visitors. Kohbar paintings symbolise fecundity and procreation.
LARGE SCALE INDUSTRY/ PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKING
There is no large scale industry/public sector undertaking present in the district.
POTENTIAL INDUSTRY
Micro & Small Major Clusters Service Enterprises Enterprise
•Agro based products •Makhana cluster •Electric •Madhubani painting •Electronic & general repairing •Manufacturing & servicing
IDENTIFIED CLUSTERS
•Rahika, Andhratarhi, Pandaul, Khajauli, Jhanjharpur, Ladaniya, Rajnagar and Bhisphi are Makhana Processing the major clusters identified in Madhubani district.
•Accounts for approximately 65-70% of the total area under Makhana production.
Source: MSME – DI Muzaffarpur STEPS TO SETUP MSMEs
S. Type of assistance Name and address of agencies No. 1. Provisional Registration District Industries Centre, Certificate (EM-1) & Madhubani Permanent Registration Certificate ( EM-II) 2. Identification of Project MSME Development Institute – Profiles, techno-economic Muzaffarpur and Madhubani and managerial consultancy services, market survey and economic survey reports. 3. Land and Industrial shed Pandaul 4. Financial Assistance All commercial/ lead Bank 5. For raw materials under Govt. National Small Industries Supply Corporation, Patna
6. Plant and machinery under MSME - Muzaffarpur hire/ purchase basis. 7. Power/ Electricity Bihar State Electricity Board 8. Technical Know–how. Director, MSME-DI, Muzaffarpur 9. Quality & Standard Bureau of Indian Standard 10. Marketing /Export Assistance Director, MSME-DI, Muzaffarpur, Madhubani
Source: MSME – DI Muzaffarpur
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
•Madhubani •Madhubani is •Nearest airport is railways station is linked with at Patna Airport Road Railway directly connected Darbhanga district with Darbhanga by NH 104 junction • NH 57, NH 104, • Nearest railway NH 105 pass station: Madhubani through Madhubani
EDUCATION
There are many schools and colleges in Madhubani district. There are numerous government and private schools, affiliated to CBSE, ICSE and Bihar board for secondary and higher secondary studies. The institutions of higher education are: Watson High School Vedmati Bhabnath Chaudhary College of Education Shri Nityanand Jha College of Education Lalit Narayan Janta College Millat Teacher's Training College J.M.D.P.L. Mahila College A.N.P.Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya V.S.J. College
HERITAGE & TOURISM
Saurath: There is a temple of Somnath Mahadev. Saurath owes its importance to Saurath Sabha held at Sabha Gaachchi in Saurath every year according to the traditional astrological almanac–Pachanga. Thousands of Maithil Brahmans desirous of getting married, congregate here for negotiating marriages. The ‘Panjikaras’ maintain "Panji" or genealogical record and issue an ‘Asvajajanapatra’ certificate stating that there is no prohibited blood relationship between the bride and groom. Every village has a fixed sitting place called ‘Dera’ in the Sabha. Kapileswarsthan: This village is noted for its Shiva temple, also known as Kapileswarsthan. Thousands of devotees congregate at the temple every Monday and particularly in the month of Shravan. A large fair is held here on the occasion of Maha Shivratri. Uchaitha: This village in Benipatti block is noted for its temple of Bhagwati on the western bank of river Thumne. According to legend, the renowned Sanskrit poet and dramatist Mahakavi Kalidas was blessed by Bhagwati at this place. Bhawanipur: This village is associated with the famous poet Vidyapati. Also renowned is the temple of Ugaranath. As the legend goes , Vidyapati was such a great devotee of Lord Shiva that the Lord came in human form to serve Vidyapati . It is said that Ugana, the dedicated servant of Vidyapati was Lord Shiva incarnate. Industries Department 2nd Floor, Vikas Bhawan, Bailey Road, Patna, Bihar 800 015
Udyog Mitra, Dept. of Industries Govt. of Bihar Ground Floor, Indira Bhawan, RCS Path, Patna, Bihar 800 001. Tel : +91 612 2532695 Fax : +91 612 2532695 Email: [email protected] www.udyogmitrabihar.com