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The Norse Influence on Celtic Scotland Published by James Maclehose and Sons, Glasgow
i^ttiin •••7 * tuwn 1 1 ,1 vir tiiTiv^Vv5*^M òlo^l^!^^ '^- - /f^K$ , yt A"-^^^^- /^AO. "-'no.-' iiuUcotettt>tnc -DOcholiiunc THE NORSE INFLUENCE ON CELTIC SCOTLAND PUBLISHED BY JAMES MACLEHOSE AND SONS, GLASGOW, inblishcre to the anibersitg. MACMILLAN AND CO., LTD., LONDON. New York, • • The Macmillan Co. Toronto, • - • The Mactnillan Co. of Canada. London, • . - Simpkin, Hamilton and Co. Cambridse, • Bowes and Bowes. Edinburgh, • • Douglas and Foults. Sydney, • • Angus and Robertson. THE NORSE INFLUENCE ON CELTIC SCOTLAND BY GEORGE HENDERSON M.A. (Edin.), B.Litt. (Jesus Coll., Oxon.), Ph.D. (Vienna) KELLY-MACCALLUM LECTURER IN CELTIC, UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW EXAMINER IN SCOTTISH GADHELIC, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON GLASGOW JAMES MACLEHOSE AND SONS PUBLISHERS TO THE UNIVERSITY I9IO Is buaine focal no toic an t-saoghail. A word is 7nore lasting than the world's wealth. ' ' Gadhelic Proverb. Lochlannaich is ànnuinn iad. Norsemen and heroes they. ' Book of the Dean of Lismore. Lochlannaich thi'eun Toiseach bhiir sgéil Sliochd solta ofrettmh Mhamiis. Of Norsemen bold Of doughty mould Your line of oldfrom Magnus. '' AIairi inghean Alasdair Ruaidh. PREFACE Since ever dwellers on the Continent were first able to navigate the ocean, the isles of Great Britain and Ireland must have been objects which excited their supreme interest. To this we owe in part the com- ing of our own early ancestors to these isles. But while we have histories which inform us of the several historic invasions, they all seem to me to belittle far too much the influence of the Norse Invasions in particular. This error I would fain correct, so far as regards Celtic Scotland. -
S. S. N. S. Norse and Gaelic Coastal Terminology in the Western Isles It
3 S. S. N. S. Norse and Gaelic Coastal Terminology in the Western Isles It is probably true to say that the most enduring aspect of Norse place-names in the Hebrides, if we expect settlement names, has been the toponymy of the sea coast. This is perhaps not surprising, when we consider the importance of the sea and the seashore in the economy of the islands throughout history. The interplay of agriculture and fishing has contributed in no small measure to the great variety of toponymic terms which are to be found in the islands. Moreover, the broken nature of the island coasts, and the variety of scenery which they afford, have ensured the survival of a great number of coastal terms, both in Gaelic and Norse. The purpose of this paper, then, is to examine these terms with a Norse content in the hope of assessing the importance of the two languages in the various islands concerned. The distribution of Norse names in the Hebrides has already attracted scholars like Oftedal and Nicolaisen, who have concen trated on establis'hed settlement names, such as the village names of Lewis (OftedaI1954) and the major Norse settlement elements (Nicolaisen, S.H.R. 1969). These studies, however, have limited themselves to settlement names, although both would recognise that the less important names also merit study in an intensive way. The field-work done by the Scottish Place Name Survey, and localised studies like those done by MacAulay (TGSI, 1972) have gone some way to rectifying this omission, but the amount of material available is enormous, and it may be some years yet before it is assembled in a form which can be of use to scholar ship. -
A FREE CULTURAL GUIDE Iseag 185 Mìle • 10 Island a Iles • S • 1 S • 2 M 0 Ei Rrie 85 Lea 2 Fe 1 Nan N • • Area 6 Causeways • 6 Cabhsi WELCOME
A FREE CULTURAL GUIDE 185 Miles • 185 Mìl e • 1 0 I slan ds • 10 E ile an an WWW.HEBRIDEANWAY.CO.UK• 6 C au sew ays • 6 C abhsiarean • 2 Ferries • 2 Aiseag WELCOME A journey to the Outer Hebrides archipelago, will take you to some of the most beautiful scenery in the world. Stunning shell sand beaches fringed with machair, vast expanses of moorland, rugged hills, dramatic cliffs and surrounding seas all contain a rich biodiversity of flora, fauna and marine life. Together with a thriving Gaelic culture, this provides an inspiring island environment to live, study and work in, and a culturally rich place to explore as a visitor. The islands are privileged to be home to several award-winning contemporary Art Centres and Festivals, plus a creative trail of many smaller artist/maker run spaces. This publication aims to guide you to the galleries, shops and websites, where Art and Craft made in the Outer Hebrides can be enjoyed. En-route there are numerous sculptures, landmarks, historical and archaeological sites to visit. The guide documents some (but by no means all) of these contemplative places, which interact with the surrounding landscape, interpreting elements of island history and relationships with the natural environment. The Comhairle’s Heritage and Library Services are comprehensively detailed. Museum nan Eilean at Lews Castle in Stornoway, by special loan from the British Museum, is home to several of the Lewis Chessmen, one of the most significant archaeological finds in the UK. Throughout the islands a network of local historical societies, run by dedicated volunteers, hold a treasure trove of information, including photographs, oral histories, genealogies, croft histories and artefacts specific to their locality. -
472 1'B.OCEEDINGS of the SOCIETY, APRIL 10, 187G. DID
2 47 1'B.OCEEDING SOCIETYE TH f SO , APRI , 187GL10 . I. NORTHMEE TH D DI N EXTIRPAT CELTIE ETH C INHABITANTE TH F SO HEBRIDES IN THE NINTH CENTURY ? BY CAPT. F. W. L. THOMAS, R.N., F.S.A. SOOT. y lamenteM d friend,' Professor Munc f Christianiaho ,a cop sen e ym t of his edition 6f the " Chronicle of Man " on its publication. This work contain sursa e foundatio histora Hebridee r th nfo f yo s durin Norse gth e period. Wit s characteristihhi c liberality e stateh , s therei . xviii.(p n ) " That in the western islands the original population was never wholly absorbe e Norwegiath y db n settlers Orkneyn i s a ,perhapd an , n Shetsi - land." J In reply, I informed him that in that part of the Hebrides in whic hI wa s stationed, nearly every farm, island lakd an ,e bor Norsa e e name thad e topographicath an ;t l e terminologth e n sami th s ea s ywa 1 So also Dasent—"The original inhabitants were not expelled, but held in bondage s thralls."—Pa . clxxxiv. vol . i Burnt. Njal-. Again r MurraM , s beeyha n in- formed that in St Kilda " All the topical names are Celtic, and the Northmen seem never to have reached the island."—Dialect of South. Counties of Scotland, p. 236. ease Nowth tislane n sidhilla th o , f f whics edi o o , name hth s evariousli y written ' Oiseval,' Ostrivail,' and by Martin 'Oterveaul,' which is a clerical error either for ' Osterveaul, ' Oserveaul, r o origina' e th bees d ha "lan n Austr-fell (Norse East-fell)= , East-hill. -
Submission from Mointeach Gun Mhuilean Moorlands Without Turbines
SUBMISSION FROM MOINTEACH GUN MHUILEAN MOORLANDS WITHOUT TURBINES Visit to Lewis, Monday 24 April 2006 We are aware that the purpose of your visit is with regard to crofting issues. However, we take strong exception to the inclusion of John Price from Lewis Wind Power in the proceedings. We are concerned that you are fully aware of the level of opposition to the proposed large-scale windfarm developments on the Isle of Lewis. The following provides a review of indicators. To date 17 measures of public opinion on the Western Isles, ranging from grazing committee ballots to a Western Isles wide BBC/MORI poll, have found significant majority opposition to the proposals. Table 1 provides a summary of survey findings. Further, in response to the two planning applications currently being considered, the Scottish Executive has received over 9, 500 representations objecting to the proposals1 2with approximately 77% originating on the Western Isles. (Only 38 letters of support have been submitted) Measured opposition to the proposals is most significant in the areas directly affected by the proposals, where consistently up to 80% of the population has expressed its opposition. The strength of public opposition was reflected in the voting of councillors in wards where ballots were held (see Map 1), representing ward populations of approximately 6000 people. This opposition is present in spite of the ‘community benefit’ incentives that are being offered by the developers. However, there is widespread support for small renewable projects, for example, a number of wind turbines have already been erected and a small marine project is also being pursued within the communities affected by the Lewis Wind Power proposal. -
Island Spirituality Sample First Chapter
Published in 2013 by The Islands Book Trust www.theislandsbooktrust.com Copyright remains with the named author. Other than brief extracts for the purpose of review, no part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the written consent of the publisher and copyright owner. This book may not be lent, hired out, resold or otherwise disposed of by way of trade in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published, without the prior consent of the publishers. © The Islands Book Trust 2013 ISBN: 978-1-907443-45-9 Text © Alastair McIntosh Web page for this book with supporting material: www.alastairmcintosh.com/islandspirituality.htm We are grateful to the Frances Camfield Trust for its support in the production of this volume The Islands Book Trust, Ravenspoint Centre, Kershader, South Lochs, Isle of Lewis, HS2 9QA. Tel: 01851 880737 Typeset by Erica Schwarz (www.schwarz-editorial.co.uk) Cover design by Raspberry Creative Type Printed and bound by Martins the Printers, Berwick upon Tweed All royalties from this publication go back into the Islands Book Trust Contents Foreword vi Introduction vii Chapter 1: A Spiritual Place and People 1 Chapter 2: Conflict, Calvinism and Constitution 19 Chapter 3: Land, Gospel and the Hooded Lassie 41 Chapter 4: The Miann – Our Island’s Greatest Export 71 Endnotes 89 Bibliography 150 Index 167 v 1 A Spiritual Place and People The nivU erse and Being I shall start with some introductory remarks about such loaded terms as God, spirituality and the religious life. We live in a world where many of our problems – war, poverty and environmental degradation – can ultimately be traced to a loss of soul. -
34 MYRIAPODS on the OUTER HEBRIDES Gordon B Corbet Little
BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MYRIAPOD AND ISOPOD GROUP Volume 20 2004 MYRIAPODS ON THE OUTER HEBRIDES Gordon B Corbet Little Dumbarnie, Upper Largo, Leven, Fife, KY8 6JG. INTRODUCTION Published records of myriapods from the Outer Hebrides are scanty and are summarised in three sources. Waterston (1981) recorded 15 species, with a list of islands from which each had been recorded. This incorporated records from Barra in 1935 reported by Waterston (1936). The provisional atlases (British Myriapod Group, 1988 for millipedes, Barber & Keay, 1988 for centipedes) recorded seven species, adding two to the total, but did not claim to be comprehensive with regard to earlier published records. In addition there are unpublished records of millipedes rising from a survey of invertebrates conducted in 1976 by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE, 1979). This included pitfall-trapping at 18 sites on Lewis/Harris, North Uist, Benbecula and South Uist, but produced only Cylindroiulus latestriatus (at every site), plus a single Polydesmus inconstans on North Uist. I visited the Outer Hebrides from 3rd to 13th June 2003 and recorded myriapods on the following islands: Lewis/Harris, Great Bernera (bridged), Scalpay (bridged), South Uist, Eriskay (bridged), Barra and Vatersay (bridged). Recording was solely by hand searching in leaf-litter and under stones, wood and refuse. The general impression was that myriapods were scarce, with a large proportion of turned stones revealing nothing. In contrast earwigs, Forficula auricularia were unusually abundant. MILLIPEDES Waterston (1981) recorded six species, including one, Cylindroiulus britannicus, from St Kilda only. The provisional atlas recorded four species post-1970 adding Ophyiulus pilosus. -
A View from the Clan Stronghold of Dùn Èistean
Barrowman, R. C. (2015) A local response to a wider situation: the archaeology of the clan stronghold of Dùn Èistean, Isle of Lewis. Post-Medieval Archaeology, 49(1), pp. 37-56. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/109647/ Deposited on: 06 May 2016 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk ‘A local response to a wider situation: The archaeology of the clan stronghold of Dùn Èistean, Isle of Lewis’ Author: Rachel C Barrowman, Research Associate (Archaeology), Glasgow University Institution: Glasgow University, School of Humanities Abbreviated title: Dùn Èistean, Isle of Lewis Word count: 8610 Submitted: 4th June 2014 Rachel C Barrowman 16 Eorodale Isle of Lewis HS2 0TR [email protected] [email protected] 1 ‘A local response to a wider situation: The archaeology of a clan stronghold of Dùn Èistean, Isle of Lewis’1 By RACHEL C BARROWMAN SUMMARY: Dùn Èistean stands at the end of a long tradition of clan strongholds seen in the MacLeod lordship of the western seaboard of north-west Scotland in the medieval and early post-medieval periods. Excavations on the site have shown that it was in repeated use for refuge in times of trouble in the 16th and early 17th centuries, acting as a power centre caught up in the wider political scene. The inhabitants of Dùn Èistean were a people with a strong local identity, using their traditional building techniques, adapting to available raw materials and drawing on the resources of the surrounding environment to support and defend the inhabitants in the face of incoming attack. -
The Western Isles of Lewis, Harris, Uists, Benbecula and Barra
The Western Isles of Lewis, Harris, Uists, Benbecula and Barra 1 SEATREK is based in Uig on 5 UIG SANDS RESTAURANT is a newly Let the adventure begin! Lewis, one of the most beautiful opened licensed restaurant with spectacular locations in Britain. We offer views across the beach. Open for lunches unforgettable boat trips around and evening meals. Booking essential. the Hebrides. All welcome, relaxed atmosphere and family Try any of our trips for a great friendly. Timsgarry, Isle of Lewis HS2 9ET. family experience with the Tel: 01851 672334. opportunity of seeing seals, Email: [email protected] basking sharks, dolphins and www.uigsands.co.uk many species of birds. DOUNE BRAES HOTEL: A warm welcome awaits you. We especially 6 Leaving from Miavaig Seatrek RIB Short Trips cater for ‘The Hebridean Way’ for cyclists, walkers and motorcyclists. Harbour, Uig, Isle of Lewis. We have safe overnight storage for bicycles. We offer comfortable Tel: 01851 672469. Sea Eagles & Lagoon Trip .............................. 2 hours accommodation, light meals served through the day and our full www.seatrek.co.uk Island Excursion ................................................. 3 hours evening menu in the evening. Locally sourced produce including Email: [email protected] Customised Trips ............................................... 4 hours our own beef raised on our croft, shellfi sh and local lamb. There’s a Fishing Trip ........................................................... 2 hours Gallan Head Trip ................................................. 2 hours good selection of Malt Whiskies in the Lounge Bar or coffees to go Sea Stacks Trip ................................................... 2 hours whilst you explore the West Side of the Island. Tel: 01851 643252. Email: [email protected] www.doune-braes.co.uk 2 SEA LEWIS BOAT TRIPS: Explore the 7 BLUE PIG CREATIVE SPACE: coastline North and South of Stornoway Carloway’s unique working studio and in our 8.5m Rib. -
EVENTS SECTION ONE 151.Indd
.V1$ .VR5 :GV``V1R.Q:R5 Q`JQ1:75CVQ`V115 VC7 %QG1CV7 VC7 %QG7 I:1C71J`Q Q`JQ1:7R@1]8HQ8%@ 1118IHC:%$.C1J]C:J 8HQ8%@ 1118 Q`JQ1:7@1]8HQ8%@ 22 Francis Street Stornoway •#%& ' Insurance Services R & G RMk Isle of Lewis Jewellery HS1 2NB •#'&( ) Risk Management XPSFTCPQ t: 01851 704949 #* +# ,( ADVICE • Health & Safety YOU CAN ( )) www.rmkgroup.co.uk TRUST ISTANBUL KEBABS FISH ‘n’ CHIPS BURGERS CURRIES PIZZAS RESTAURANT & TAKEAWAY * +(,-../0/1 & ' )'&23 )# !%5FAMILY FRIENDLY RESTAURANT WITH OVER )!%530 YEARS SERVING THE ISLAND H SOMETHING FOR EVERYONE OPEN 7 DAYS Tues-Thursday 12pm-2.30pm 4.30-10.30pm Friday-Saturday: 12pm-3pm 4pm till late The local one Sunday: 12pm till late (open all day Sunday) stop solution for all 24 South Beach Street, Stornoway, Isle of Lewis your printing and Tel: 01851 700299 design needs. 1st 01851 700924 [email protected] www.sign-print.co.uk @signprintsty Church House, James St. Stornoway birthday BANGLA SPICE party for !7ryyShq lottery &"%#% !"#$% ! &#$% '() ! () *+#$% , $#$% -.() ! -.() / See page 2 Disney Day at Artizan !"# 2 " "' "' ' +4 &'("' )* $' '+ $" # # # # # # # \ ,-.0$1 " $"$ % uvpp G vs5uvpp '$ & '%$ Ury) '$ &!""$ \ S Ury) '$ &$( (Ah) '$ &#&#" ! !"#$"%& %'$ ! EVENTS SECTION ONE - Page 2 www.hebevents.com 06/09/18 - 03/10/18 1st birthday party for Western Isles Lottery he Western Isles Lottery's Disney Themed Day on Saturday E> > NH Ņ TSeptember 1st was a great success as families fl ocked into Stornoway to take part in various events.. % The Lottery Team say they are hugely grateful to every business and organisation that worked so hard for this event to be such a success, particularly as it was postponed for a week and had to be re-organised. -
Aspects of the Religious History of Lewis
ASPECTS OF THE RELIGIOUS HISTORY OF LEWIS Rev. Murdo Macaulay was born in Upper Carloway, Lewis, the eldest child of a family of four boys and two girls. On the day of his birth the famous and saintly Mrs Maclver of Carloway predicted that he was to be a minister of the Gospel. This prediction, of which he had been informed, appeared to have no particular bearing upon his early career. It was not until the great spiritual revival, which began in the district of Carloway a few years before the outbreak of the Second Worid War, that Mr Macaulay came to a saving knowledge of the Lord Jesus Christ. Whatever thoughts he may have entertained previously, it was in a prisoner of war camp in Germany that he publicly made known his decision to respond to his call to the ministry of the Free Church. The Lord's sovereignty in preparing him for the ministry could make interesting reading. It included a full secondary education, a number of years of military training, some years in business where he came to understand the foibles of the public whom he had to serve, a graduation course at Edinburgh University and a divinity Course in Up to the Disruption of 1843 the Free Church College. Mr Macaulay has a studious mind, a retentive memory, and scholastic ability for research. He has a good working knowledge of six languages, yet he is more concerned about stating facts than about This document is scanned for research and appears never to have been clothing them in attractive language. -
Outer Hebrides Outer Hebrides
Scottish Natural Heritage Explore for a day Outer Hebrides Outer Hebrides Itinerary 1 Itinerary 2 Itinerary 3 Itinerary 4 Itinerary 5 Words will not do justice to the spectacular beauty, stunning wildlife and fascinating history of the Outer Hebrides. Explore the land of the machair – the low-lying fertile plain that fringes the west of these islands and is maintained by traditional crofting Symbol Key practices – providing some of the world’s finest flower-rich meadows, busy with wading birds. Parking Information Centre Cliffs covered in noisy seabirds, majestic eagles soaring high overhead and otters along the seaweed-fringed shore make your visit here special and memorable. Add to this mix, the vast peatlands of Lewis, the Paths Disabled Access presence of the sea in all its moods, the rocky coasts, stunning beaches of white sand and scattered crofting settlements strung out through Toilets Wildlife watching these islands and you have an unforgettable place. Find out more about the mysterious monuments of first settlers and the Refreshments Picnic Area traces of early Christianity in these isles. Encounter more modern stories of powerful clans, emigration, land struggles, the emergence of whaling, fishing and tweed industries and ships full of whisky running aground! Admission free unless otherwise stated. This leaflet gives you a flavour of the journey through the whole island chain from Barra to the Butt of Lewis and suggest places to visit along the way that will help you discover a little of what these islands at the very This leaflet was prepared with the assistance edge of Europe have to offer.