Gray Cottage, Sagamore Hill National Historic Site
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National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Historic Architecture Program Northeast Region Gray Cottage Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay, New York Historic Structure Report This page was intentionally left blank. GRAY COTTAGE HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay, New York By James J. Lee III Architectural Conservator Historic Architecture Program Northeast Region, National Park Service Lowell, Massachusetts 2009 Printed 2011 This page was intentionally left blank. CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES AND CREDITS ................................................................................viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. xiii INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................3 PURPOSE AND SCOPE ..................................................................................................3 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ............................................................................................4 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ..............................................................................6 RESEARCH CONDUCTED ...........................................................................................6 RESEARCH FINDINGS .................................................................................................7 RECOMMENDED TREATMENT ...............................................................................7 ADMINISTRATIVE DATA ..............................................................................................9 LOCATION OF SITE ......................................................................................................9 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES ......................................................9 LIST OF CLASSIFIED STRUCTURES (LCS) INFORMATION ............................. 11 RELATED STUDIES .....................................................................................................12 DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY .............................................................................. 15 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT ..................................................... 17 EARLY HISTORY OF LONG ISLAND ...................................................................... 17 OYSTER BAY .................................................................................................................18 SAGAMORE HILL ........................................................................................................23 iii OUTBUILDINGS AT SAGAMORE HILL .................................................................... 25 Farm Buildings ...........................................................................................................25 Gray Cottage ..............................................................................................................27 James Amos ............................................................................................................28 Charles Lee .............................................................................................................29 CHRONOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT AND USE .................................................... 33 ORIGINAL APPEARANCE ..........................................................................................33 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................33 EXTERIOR ELEMENTS ..............................................................................................34 Design ........................................................................................................................34 Foundation ................................................................................................................35 Walls ..........................................................................................................................35 Porches ......................................................................................................................36 Doorways ...................................................................................................................36 Window Openings .....................................................................................................37 Roofs and Related Elements ......................................................................................38 INTERIOR ELEMENTS ...............................................................................................39 Introduction ..............................................................................................................39 Plan ............................................................................................................................39 Basement ................................................................................................................39 First Story ...............................................................................................................39 Second Story ...........................................................................................................40 Floors .........................................................................................................................41 Walls and Ceilings......................................................................................................41 Doorways ...................................................................................................................42 Window Openings .....................................................................................................43 Utilities ......................................................................................................................43 RELATED STRUCTURES............................................................................................43 HISTORIC USE ..............................................................................................................44 NOMENCLATURE .......................................................................................................45 iv ALTERATIONS..............................................................................................................46 CHANGES DURING THE ROOSEVELT PERIOD, 1910 THROUGH 1950 .............. 46 ALTERATIONS BY THE TRA, 1950 TO 1963 .............................................................. 49 ALTERATION BY THE NPS, 1963 TO PRESENT ....................................................... 55 1964 Alterations .........................................................................................................56 Later NPS Alterations ................................................................................................60 Chronology 1964 through Present ............................................................................. 60 CURRENT PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................... 64 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................6 4 EXTERIOR ELEMENTS ..............................................................................................6 5 DESIGN ........................................................................................................................65 FOUNDATION .............................................................................................................65 WALLS ..........................................................................................................................66 ENCLOSED PORCHES ................................................................................................66 Front Porch................................................................................................................67 East Porch ..................................................................................................................68 DOORWAYS .................................................................................................................68 WINDOW OPENINGS ................................................................................................. 69 Basement-Story Exterior Window-Opening Elements ............................................. 70 First-Story Exterior Window-Opening Elements ..................................................... 70 Second-Story Exterior Window-Opening Elements ................................................. 72 Attic Exterior Window-Opening Elements ............................................................... 74 ROOFS AND RELATED ELEMENTS .......................................................................... 74 STORAGE SHED ..........................................................................................................75 UTILITIES ....................................................................................................................75 RELATED STRUCTURES............................................................................................76 LANDSCAPE ..................................................................................................................77 STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS ........................................................................................87