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Of 100 1. the Golgi Tendon Organ Is an Essential Component of Static 1. The Golgi tendon organ is an essential component of static stretching because it A. increases muscle spindle activity in a tight muscle. Rationale A. Golgi tendon organs decrease muscle spindle activity. B. prevents muscles from stretching too far or too fast. Rationale B. Muscle spindles prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast. C. increases contraction rate in muscle fibers. Rationale C. Holding a stretch creates tension in the muscle, which stimulates the Golgi tendon organ, causes relaxation of an overactive muscle, and allows optimal lengthening of tissue. D. prevents muscle from being placed under excessive tension.(correct) Rationale D. The Golgi tendon organ prevents muscles from being placed under excessive tension (autogenic inhibition). Question Name 1-1 Certification Thinking Skills Foundational Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference Chapter 7, Task 1A1 Page 1 of 100 2. Which of the following is the correct force-couple relationship that allows for the upward rotation of the scapula? A. Longus capitus and brachialis Rationale A. The longus capitus concentrically accelerates cervical flexion and lateral flexion, while the brachialis concentrically accelerates elbow flexion. B. Rhomboid minor and anterior scalenes Rationale B. The rhomboid minor concentrically accelerates scapular retraction and downward rotation, while the anterior scalenes concentrically accelerates cervical flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion. C. Sternocleidomastoid and longus coli Rationale C. The sternocleidomastoid concentrically accelerates cervical flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion while the longus coli concentrically accelerate cervical flexion, lateral flexion, and ipsilateral rotation. D. Upper trapezius and lower portions of the serratus anterior (correct) Rationale D. The upper trapezius and the lower portion of the serratus anterior are muscle groups that move together to produce upward rotation of the scapula. Question Name 1-12 Certification Thinking Skills Foundational Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference New, CPT 4 Table 5.3 Task 1C2a Page 2 of 100 3. Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs through which of the following vessels? A. Aortic valve Rationale A. The aortic valve allows blood to exit the left ventricle into the aorta. B. Aortic arch Rationale B. Oxygenated blood leaves the left ventricle and moves through the aortic arch to be pumped to the entire body. C. Pulmonary arteries (correct) Rationale C. Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries. D. Pulmonary veins Rationale D. Oxygenated blood enters the left atrium from the pulmonary veins. Question Name 1-17 Certification Thinking Skills Foundational Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference CPT 4 Chapter 3 Task 1A4 Page 3 of 100 4. Dynamic stretching improves soft tissue extensibility by using which of the following? A. Davis’s law Rationale A. Davis’s law states that soft tissue models along the lines of stress. B. Wolff’s law Rationale B. Wolff's law states that bone density changes in response to changes in the functional forces on the bone. C. Reciprocal inhibition (correct) Rationale C. Dynamic stretching uses the concept of reciprocal inhibition to improve soft tissue extensibility. Reciprocal inhibition is the simultaneous relaxation of one muscle and the contraction of its antagonist to allow movement to take place. D. Autogenic inhibition Rationale D. Autogenic inhibition is the process by which neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract, providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles. Question Name 1-21 Certification Thinking Skills Foundational Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference CPT 4 ch 7, Task 1C2c Page 4 of 100 5. The oxidative system is primarily used when a client A. jogs for 30 minutes. (correct) Rationale A. The oxidative system is the slowest producing energy system used primarily during long-duration aerobic events. B. executes a 1RM clean and jerk. Rationale B. ATP-PC pathway is used when high-intensity exercises are executed that last up to 10 seconds. C. performs a 1RM squat. Rationale C. ATP-PC pathway is used when high-intensity exercises are executed that last up to 10 seconds. D. sprints 40 yards. Rationale D. ATP-PC pathway is used when high-intensity exercises are executed that last up to 10 seconds. Question Name 1-23 Certification Thinking Skills Foundational Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference CPT 4 chapter 4 Task 1B6 Page 5 of 100 6. Which of the following would aid the primary respiratory muscles in breathing after a set of maximum effort sprints? A. Scalenes (correct) Rationale A. The scalenes are secondary respiratory muscles. B. Lower trapezius Rationale B. The lower trapezius is not a secondary respiratory muscle. C. Serratus anterior Rationale C. The serratus anterior is not a secondary respiratory muscle. D. Deltoids Rationale D. The deltoids are not secondary respiratory muscles. Question Name 1-26 Certification Thinking Skills Foundational Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference CPT 4 Chapter 3, Task 1B5 Page 6 of 100 7. When an exercise is high intensity and lasts about 10 seconds, which of the following energy pathways is predominantly in use? A. ATP-PC (correct) Rationale A. The ATP-PC system provides energy for primarily high-intensity, short-duration bouts of exercise or activity. B. Glycolysis Rationale B. The glycolytic system provides energy for about 30 to 50 seconds. Most fitness workouts will place a greater stress on this system than the other systems because a typical repetition range of 8 to 12 repetitions fall within this time frame. C. Oxidative Rationale C. Aerobic metabolism has the capability to produce energy, at least for exercise, for an indefinite period of time. D. ADP Rationale D. ADP stands for adenosine diphosphate. ADP is a high-energy compound occurring in all cells from which ATP is formed. Question Name 1-28 Certification Thinking Skills Foundational Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference CPT 4 chpt 4 Task 1B6 Page 7 of 100 8. A client who is practicing repeated squat exercises in order to create permanent changes in her technique is exhibiting A. synergistic dominance. Rationale A. Synergistic dominance is the neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when inappropriate muscles take over the function of a weak prime mover. B. autogenic inhibition. Rationale B. Autogenic inhibition is the process by which neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract. C. motor learning. (correct) Rationale C. Motor learning occurs through repeated practice and experience, leading to a relatively permanent change to produce skilled movement. D. relative flexibility. Rationale D. Relative flexibility is the tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns. Question Name 1-29 Certification Thinking Skills Critical Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference CPT 4 chapter 5 Task 1C3a Page 8 of 100 9. Which of the following stimulates muscle fibers to go through a series of steps that initiate muscle contractions? A. Sarcolemma Rationale A. The sarcolemma is the cell membrane of a muscle cell. B. Perimysium Rationale B. The permysium is the connective tissue that surrounds fascicles. C. Myosin Rationale C. Myosin are thick contractile myofilaments in a myofibril. D. Acetylcholine (correct) Rationale D. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine crosses the synapse between the neuron and muscle fiber, transporting electrical impulses from the nerve to the muscle. Question Name 1-36 Certification Thinking Skills Foundational Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference CPT 4 chapter 2 Task 1B1 Page 9 of 100 10. Which of the following exercises uses a ball-and-socket joint as the primary mover? A. Cable hamstring curl Rationale A. This exercise uses the knee as the primary mover. The knee is a condyloid joint. B. Cable pushdown Rationale B. The elbow must extend and flex in order for a cable pushdown to occur. The elbow is a hinge joint. C. Seated hammer curl Rationale C. The elbow must flex and extend in order for a biceps curl to occur. The elbow is a hinge joint. D. Seated dumbbell lateral raise(correct) Rationale D. This shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint and is a primary mover during the seated dumbbell lateral raise. Question Name 1-4 Certification Thinking Skills Critical Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference CPT 4 ch 2, Appendix A Task 1A3 Page 10 of 100 11. The body's ability to differentiate between walking on concrete and walking on sand is an example of which of the following functions of the nervous system? A. Arthrokinematic Rationale A. Arthrokinematics refers to joint motion. B. Motor Rationale B. Motor function is the response to sensory information. C. Integrative Rationale C. Integrative function is the ability to analyze and interpret sensory information to allow for proper decision making. D. Sensory (correct) Rationale D. Sensory function allows the body to sense changes in the internal and external environments. Question Name 1-5 Certification Thinking Skills Critical Thinking Current Forms 2011 Practice A Primary Reference CPT 4 chapter 2 Task 1A1 Page 11 of 100 12. If a client exhibits increased force output of his hamstrings and adductor magnus to compensate for a weakened gluteus maximus during hip extension, this is an example of which of the following? A. Arthrokinetic dysfunction Rationale A. Arthrokinetic dysfunction refers to a dysfunction of the motion of the joints. B. Synergistic dominance (correct) Rationale B. Synergistic dominance is the neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when synergists take over function for a weak or inhibited prime mover. C. Reciprocal inhibition Rationale C. Reciprocal inhibition is the simultaneous relaxation of one muscle and the contraction of its antagonist to allow movement to take place. D. Pattern overload Rationale D.
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