Sufism and the Way of Blame
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Constantine: Friends and Other Strangers
CHAPTER TWO CONSTANTINE: FRIENDS AND OTHER STRANGERS Dreams Twenty-Five-Thirty-Nine 26 Mu!J,arram 852-7 Rabi' I 852 1 April 1448-11 May 1448 During the six documented weeks of his stay in Constantine, Zawawi hectically immersed himself in a farrago of business, per sonal, and spiritual affairs. The death of Safrawi posed a number of dilemmas, most immediately, the question of his spiritual sue- cession and Zawawi's relationship to his sufi brethren. Moreover, just being in Constantine with its assortment of new and stimulat ing people also contributed to Zawawi's frenzied state of activity. From Zawawi's standpoint there were interesting people of possi ble spiritual significance everywhere-in the mosque, at the city gate, at the public fountain. They all found their way into the Tul_ifa either as straightforward entries or as part of Zawawi's dream conversation with Mul_iammad. His domestic arrangements in Constantine at this time were especially complicated, and they induced considerable anxiety in Zawawi. He did not make matters better when he acquired a female slave whose morals were, he al leged, dubious. 1. Sioi FARAJ, THE Pswoo--CHRISTIAN Prior to his death Safrawi told Zawawi about a certain Sidi Faraj in Constantine. Good to his word, Zawawi went to look him up im mediately following Safrawi's funeral. The contrast between his late Shaykh and this new figure could not be stronger. Ever mind ful of the shari'a (Islamic law) and its observance, Shaykh al- Safrawi and his Bijayan followers were representatives of a grow ing movement in Ifriqiya toward formally organized sufi orders. -
Gülşen-I Raz Önemi, Hakkındaki Literatür, Ele Aldığı Belli Başlı Konular
Türkiye Araştırmaları Literatür Dergis~ Cilt 15, Sayı30, 2017, 155-180 Bin Altınlık Hazine: Gülşen-i Raz Önemi, Hakkındaki Literatür, Ele Aldığı Belli Başlı Konular Fatih ERMiŞ* İrffin!literatüre giriş özelliği taşıyan Gülşen-i Raz, Horasan'dan Şeyh Emir Hüseyrı1 SMfitel-Günel-Herevfnirıı (ö. 1318yada 1329'dan sorıra2) 1317yılında bir elçi ile Tebriz erenlerine ila.h1 manalar hususunda on beş soru göndermesine dayanır. Şebüsten Gülşen-i Rdz'da ay ve yıl bilgisini verdiğinden bu olayın vuku tarihini tam olarak bilmekteyiz: Geçrnişdi hicretden yedi yüz on yedi sa.l, Vardı aniden [bir elçi] bir rO.z-ı ŞevwJ..3 [33. beyit] Hicretin 717. yılımn Şevva.l ayı, miladi takvime göre 1317 yılınınAralık ayı ile 1318'in Ocak ayına tekabül etmektedir. Heratile Tebriz arasındaki iki bin kilo metreye yakın mesafe göz önüne alındığında Emir Hüseyrıl'nirı müridinin büyük ihtimalle Ramazan ayında yola çıkmış olması beklenir. Şebüsten Emir Hüseyrıl'ye de büyük bir tazirnde bulunarak kendisini şu şekilde anar: Dr., Beyrut Orient Enstitüsü. Emir Hüseynİ bir Sührevercfi şeyhi olan Bahll.edcfin Zekeriyyll. Multll.ni'nin kızı ile evlenmiş ve bu şeyhin müridi olmuştur. Bkz. K. A. Nizaıni, "Hüseylli Sll.dll.t el-GM", 1DV !sliim Ansiklopedisi, Istanbul: Türkiye DiyanetVakfı Yayınlan, 1988-2014, c. 19, s. 24. 2 Molla Cll.mi'ye (ö. 1492) göre Emir Hüseylli'nin ölüm tarihi 16 Şevvll.l 718'dir (ll Aralık 1318). Ancak Nizaıni; Emir Hüseylli'nin Ziidü'l-Müsiifirin'de, eserin 729 (1329) yılında yazıldığından bahsetmesinden hareketle ölüm tarihinin 1329'dan sonra olması gerektiğini savunur. Bkz. Nizaıni, a.g.m., s. 24. 3 Gülşen-i Riiz'a yapılan atıfların tamamı aşağıda zikredilen tercümeye ve sadece beyit numaralarını belirterek olacaktır. -
The Mystical Element in Mikhall Lku6aymah's Litesary Works and Its Affinity to Islamic Mysticism
The Mystical Element in Mikhall lKu6aymah's Litesary Works and Its Affinity to Islamic Mysticism BY Yeni Ratna Yuuingsib, A thesis submitted to the Facul* of Graduate Studies and Research in partial ialflllment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Institute of Islamic Studies MCGLU University Montreal June 1999 National Library Bibliothèque nationale 1*1 ofCanada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographic Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Strmt 395. rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microfom, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/film, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts from it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation, ABSTRACT Author : Yeni Ratna Yuningsih Title : The Mystical Element in MikhaU Nucaymah's Literary Works and Its AfEmity to Islamic Mysticism Department : Institute of Islamic Studies Degree : Master of Arts This thesis investigates the mystical elements in MikhS'ïl Nu'ayrnah's literary works and their affiity to Islamic mysticisrn, elaborating in particular on the notions of oneness of being and the transmigration of soul. -
Rumi from the Viewpoint of Spiritual Psychology and Counseling
SPIRITUAL PSYCHOLOGY AND COUNSELING Received: August 5, 2015 Copyright © 2016 EDAM Revision received: October 12, 2015 eISSN: 2458-9675 Accepted: November 13, 2015 spiritualpc.net OnlineFirst: February 5, 2016 DOI 10.12738/spc.2016.1.0001 February 2016 1(1) 9-25 Original Article Rumi from the Viewpoint of Spiritual Psychology and Counseling Çınar Kaya1 Marmara University Abstract Rumi was a renowned Sufi, spiritual teacher, and poet who has attracted both scholarly and non-scholarly attention all over the world. This paper aims to present Rumi’s life and his works and contributions in the fields of thought and spirituality within themes of potential importance for both general and spiritually oriented counseling by providing some biographical details to further the understanding of his personal development as well as his approaches and contributions regarding human nature, Sufism, asceticism, love, “nothingness” within unity, and death. A biographical analysis of Rumi’s own psychological transformation by Arasteh has also been presented. This paper also discusses the possibility of benefitting from Rumi texts as a resource for both spiritually oriented counseling and counseling in general, especially in the form of bibliotherapy, and attempts to outline the prospects and challenges of benefitting from Rumi and Sufi resources in general for psychotherapy and counseling. Keywords Rumi • Masnavi • Spirituality • Counseling • Psychotherapy Manevi Psikoloji ve Danışma Perspektifinden Mevlana Öz Bu çalışmada Mevlana’nın hayatı, eserleri ve düşünce ve maneviyat alanlarındaki katkıları, gerek genel an- lamda psikolojik danışmanlık; gerekse manevi yönelimli psikolojik danışmanlık süreçleri açısından dikkate değer bulunabilecek temalar altında sunulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Yaşam öyküsü Mevlana’nın kişisel bağla- mının anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacak şekilde aktarılmaya çalışılmıştır. -
Experiencing Rumi and Pico
EXPERIENCING RUMI AND PICO: CONVERGING THOUGHTS, DIVERGING KNOWLEDGE A Thesis submitted to the faculty of AS 36 San Francisco State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for • SU the Degree Master of Arts In Humanities by Parisa Soultani Sausalito, California December 2017 Copyright by Parisa Soultani 2017 CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL I certify that I have read Experiencing Rumi and Pico: Converging Thoughts, Diverging Knowledge by Parisa Soultani, and that in my opinion this work meets the criteria for approving a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree Master of Arts in Humanities at San Francisco State University. Carel Bertram Ph.D. Professor of Humanities <x_ Sandra Luft Ph.D. Professor of Philosophy EXPERIENCING RUMI AND PICO: CONVERGING THOUGHTS, DIVERGING KNOWLEDGE Parisa Soultani Sausalito, California 2017 Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463-1494) and Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Rumi (1207- 1273) came to similar conclusions while looking for answers to deep questions about the place of human in nature and her relationship to God. Both Rumi and Pico sought to approach this quest with an open mind that uses reason and experience rather than relying solely on traditional knowledge and religious doctrines, and they came to similar conclusions that put human concerns first in divine creation. While Pico remains reliant on reason and speaks in terms of philosophy, Rumi sees and speaks from another dimension: the path of direct experience expressed through poetry and allegory. I certify that the Abstract is a correct representation of the content of this thesis. Chair, Thesis Committee Date TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. -
MEVLANA JALALUDDİN RUMİ and SUFISM
MEVLANA JALALUDDİN RUMİ and SUFISM (A Dervish’s Logbook) Mim Kemâl ÖKE 1 Dr. Mim Kemâl ÖKE Mim Kemal Öke was born in Istanbul in 1955 to a family with Central Asian Uygur heritage. Öke attended Şişli Terakki Lyceum for grade school and Robert College for high school. After graduating from Robert College in 1973, he went to England to complete his higher education in the fields of economics and history at Cambridge University. He also specialized in political science and international relations at Sussex, Cambridge, and Istanbul universities. In 1979 he went to work at the United Nation’s Palestine Office. He returned to Turkey in 1980 to focus on his academic career. He soon became an assistant professor at Boğaziçi University in 1984 and a professor in 1990. In 1983, TRT (Turkish Radio and Television Corporation) brought Öke on as a general consulting manager for various documentaries, including “Voyage from Cadiz to Samarkand in the Age of Tamerlane.” Up until 2006 he was involved in game shows, talk shows, news programs and discussion forums on TRT, as well as on privately owned channels. He also expressed his evaluations on foreign policy in a weekly syndicated column, “Mim Noktası” (Point of Mim). Though he manages to avoid administrative duties, he has participated in official meetings abroad on behalf of the Turkish Foreign Ministry. Throughout his academic career, Öke has always prioritized research. Of his more than twenty works published in Turkish, English, Urdu and Arabic, his writings on the issues of Palestine, Armenia, Mosul, and the Caliphate as they relate to the history of Ottoman and Turkish foreign policy are considered foundational resources. -
Sufism and Subud
Sufism and Subud Subud is a spiritual association founded by Muhammad Subuh, a Javanese Muslim born in 1901. Surprisingly for a movement originating in a country without an international reputation for spirituality, in 1957 Subud attracted attention and spread all over the world, drawing in previous followers of other spiritual paths, including members of all the main religious faiths, as well as seekers of no previous persuasion. Sufism is the transformative interpretation of Islam. Many of the foremost figures in classical Sufism, however, espouse doctrines which orthodox Muslims regard as foreign to their religion. Its area of operation centres on the Middle East and Asia. Certain aspects of it have attracted attention among spiritual seekers in the west, largely due to the pioneering efforts of one of its most well-known 20th century exponents, Idries Shah (d. 1996).[1] Some authors have placed Subud and Sufism in relationship with each other. Ann Bancroft’s book, Modern Mystics and Sages, for example, has a chapter on Pak Subuh in the section ‘Masters with a Sufi Background’. Other authors have made similar assumptions. It is also the line taken by Idries Shah. Muhammad Subuh, on the other hand, has flatly denied any causal link between Subud and Sufism. The question of the origin of Subud cannot therefore be said to be unequivocally established in the way that the origins of other movements are established. There is some justifiable doubt about it. Subud claims to be a spiritual phenomenon in essence unconnected with any previously existing vehicle, representing a new paradigm in which a power beyond human life is authorised to be directly accessible to all, not only to the prepared few as in the past, and in which the old methods requiring specific training and dependence of the pupil upon the teacher are superseded. -
Introduction to Jami
Introduction to Nūr al-dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jamī (1414-1492) Having looked last week at the essentially oral tradition of Kabir, we come, by contrast, this week to one of the most cultivated and highly educated figures not only of the 15th century, but of the entire Islamic poetic tradition, Nūr al-dīn ʿAbd al- Raḥmān Jamī (1414-1492). Born in Khorasan, he spent most of his life in Herat under the reign of the Timurids, at a time when this region was the most advanced and culturally brilliant centre of the Islamic world. Jamī was not just a poet, although poetry does seem to have received his most intense and abiding attention; he was also a brilliant scholar, a Sufi master of the Naqshbandī order, and one of the most important interpreters of the ideas of Ibn ‘Arabī, writing several important commentaries and expositions which, in the eastern regions, were as highly regarded and widely studied as the works of the Shaykh al-akbar himself. Jamī’s output was prodigious; there are about 39,000 lines of verse extant, plus 31 prose works. In contrast with Kabir, these were well preserved in manuscripts that have come down to us in the present day – Herat being, as we saw in our first week, a great centre of book production in the 15th century. Despite this, he has been oddly neglected at certain periods and in certain places within the Islamic world – he is not as widely known and universally loved as, say, Hafiz, Sa’di or ‘Iraqī – and also by modern western scholars. -
A Communication for Students of Folklore
FOLKLORE FORUM A COMMUNICATION FOR STUDENTS OF FOLKLORE FOLKLORE FORUM A Conlrnunication for Students of Folklore Bibliographic and Special Series, No. 9 1972 ~ - Table of Contents Foreword Introduction...... ~..c.........................,...................... i Maps of Folklore and Folklife.........................................l Bibliographies$ Dictionaries, Indexes, ad a Guide to Fieldwork ..................1............................2 Peoples, Cultures, and CUS~O~S........................................~ Hik~y-e................................................................. 7 Drma................................................,...............l 3 Epic and Romance .....................................................14 Proverbs and Riddles.. ................... .......................... .18 Magic, Superstition, and Medicine....................................21 Islam, Sufism and Philosophy .........................................28 Folktale CoZlections.................................................30 Author Inde~..................................~.................~....3~ Area Index ........................................................... 38 Chief Editor: John M. Vlach Manuscript Editors: Ben Adam Kroup, Dick Sweterlitsch Reviews Editor : Howard Wight Marshall Managing Editor: Janet Gilmore Bibliographic and Special Series Editor: W. K. McNeil " Corresponding Editors : R. Gerald Alvey (University of ~ennsylvania) Bruce Giuliano (UCWL) Advisory Board: Gerald Cashion, Philip Brandt George, Andrea Greenberg The Folklore -
The Naqshbandi-Haqqani Order, Which Has Become Remarkable for Its Spread in the “West” and Its Adaptation to Vernacular Cultures
From madness to eternity Psychiatry and Sufi healing in the postmodern world Athar Ahmed Yawar UCL PhD, Division of Psychiatry 1 D ECLARATION I, Athar Ahmed Yawar, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Signed: 2 A BSTRACT Problem: Academic study of religious healing has recognised its symbolic aspects, but has tended to frame practice as ritual, knowledge as belief. In contrast, studies of scientific psychiatry recognise that discipline as grounded in intellectual tradition and naturalistic empiricism. This asymmetry can be addressed if: (a) psychiatry is recognised as a form of “religious healing”; (b) religious healing can be shown to have an intellectual tradition which, although not naturalistic, is grounded in experience. Such an analysis may help to reveal why globalisation has meant the worldwide spread not only of modern scientific medicine, but of religious healing. An especially useful form of religious healing to contrast with scientific medicine is Sufi healing as practised by the Naqshbandi-Haqqani order, which has become remarkable for its spread in the “West” and its adaptation to vernacular cultures. Research questions: (1) How is knowledge generated and transmitted in the Naqshbandi- Haqqani order? (2) How is healing understood and done in the Order? (3) How does the Order find a role in the modern world, and in the West in particular? Methods: Anthropological analysis of psychiatry as religious healing; review of previous studies of Sufi healing and the Naqshbandi-Haqqani order; ethnographic participant observation in the Naqshbandi-Haqqani order, with a special focus on healing. -
Understanding Sufism
Abstract This thesis addresses the problem of how to interpret Islamic writers without imposing generic frameworks of later and partly Western derivation. It questions the overuse of the category “Sufism” which has sometimes been deployed to read anachronistic concerns into Islamic writers. It does so by a detailed study of some of the key works of the 13th century writer Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah (d. 709/1309). In this way it fills a gap in the learned literature in two ways. Firstly, it examines the legitimacy of prevalent conceptualisations of the category “Sufism.” Secondly, it examines the work of one Sufi thinker, and asks in what ways, if any, Western categories may tend to distort its Islamic characteristics. The methodology of the thesis is primarily exegetical, although significant attention is also paid to issues of context. The thesis is divided into two parts. Part One sets up the problem of Sufism as an organizational category in the literature. In doing so, this part introduces the works of Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah, and justifies the selection from his works for the case study in Part Two. Part Two provides a detailed case study of the works of Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah. It opens with some of the key issues involved in understanding an Islamic thinker, and gives a brief overview of Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah’s life. This is followed by an examination of materials on topics such as metaphysics, ontology, epistemology, eschatology, ethics, and soteriology. In each case it is suggested that these topics may be misleading unless care is taken not to import Western conceptuality where it is not justified by the texts. -
EXAMINING the WRITINGS of NANA Asmasu: AN
!"#$%&%&'()*!(+,%)%&'-(./(&#&#(#-$#012(#&(%&3!-)%'#)%.&(./(4#-).,#5( 6.&&!6)%.&-(#$.&'(6.&)!$4.,#,7(-1/%(+.$!&( ( A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of The School of Continuing Studies and of The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Liberal Studies By 589:;<=;($8>;??8@(AB#B( ( ( ( Georgetown University Washington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