Doctrinal Controversies of the Carolingian Renaissance: Gottschalk of Orbais’ Teachings on Predestination*
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Preliminary Investigation of the Iconography of the Woman with the Skull from the Puerta De Las Platerías of Santiago De Compostela
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF THE ICONOGRAPHY OF THE WOMAN WITH THE SKULL FROM THE PUERTA DE LAS PLATERÍAS OF SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA By KAREN FAYE WEBB A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2004 Copyright 2004 by Karen Faye Webb To Dan and Judy Webb ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am indebted to many individuals for their support and guidance in my physical and conceptual pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. I would most like to thank Dr. David Stanley who has been my constant supporter as my toughest critic and my most caring mentor. Dr. Carolyn Watson’s medieval art class at Furman University introduced me to the complex beauty of the south transept portal. My parents indulged my awe of this portal and physically and metaphorically climbed the steps leading to the Puerta de las Platerías with me to pay homage to the Woman with the Skull. Without them, this study would not have been possible. I would like to thank my reader, Dr. John Scott, for his insightful comments, and Jeremy Culler, Sarah Webb and Sandra Goodrich for their support, friendship, and unwavering faith in me. Finally, I would like to thank the Woman with the Skull, who brought me on this pilgrimage and has given me a new awareness about art and myself. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................. iv LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... -
Harmonising God's Sovereignty and Man's Free Will
Introduction Historical Overview Arminianism & Calvinism Molinism Criticisms Conclusion An Introduction to Molinism Harmonising God’s Sovereignty and Man’s Free Will Wessel Venter http://www.siyach.org/ 2016-06-07 Introduction Historical Overview Arminianism & Calvinism Molinism Criticisms Conclusion Introduction Introduction Historical Overview Arminianism & Calvinism Molinism Criticisms Conclusion Mysteries of the Christian Faith 1. How can God be One, but Three Persons? 2. How can Jesus simultaneously be fully man and fully God? 3. How can God be sovereign over our lives, yet people still have free will? Introduction Historical Overview Arminianism & Calvinism Molinism Criticisms Conclusion Mysteries of the Christian Faith 1. How can God be One, but Three Persons? 2. How can Jesus simultaneously be fully man and fully God? 3. How can God be sovereign over our lives, yet people still have free will? Introduction Historical Overview Arminianism & Calvinism Molinism Criticisms Conclusion Table of Contents 4 Molinism 1 Introduction Definition of Molinism Preliminary Definitions Counterfactuals 2 Historical Overview Middle Knowledge Pelagian Controversy 5 Objections and Criticisms Thomas Aquinas Miscellaneous The Reformation Thinly Veiled Open Theism The Counter-Reformation The Truth/Existence of Further History CCFs Secular Debate Divine Voodoo Worlds 3 Arminianism and Calvinism Grounding Problem Arminianism Not Biblical Calvinism 6 Applications and Conclusion Arminianism vs Calvinism Applications Introduction Historical Overview Arminianism & Calvinism Molinism Criticisms Conclusion Definitions Preliminary DefinitionsI Definition (Soteriology[9]) “The study of salvation.” In Christianity this includes topics such as regeneration, election, predestination, repentance, sanctification, justification, glorification, etc. Definition (Possible World) A world that could have been, if history had progressed differently. E.g., if there was not a traffic jam, I would not have been late for work on Monday. -
Reconciling Universal Salvation and Freedom of Choice in Origen of Alexandria
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Dissertations, Theses, and Professional Dissertations (1934 -) Projects Reconciling Universal Salvation and Freedom of Choice in Origen of Alexandria Lee W. Sytsma Marquette University Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu Part of the Christianity Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Sytsma, Lee W., "Reconciling Universal Salvation and Freedom of Choice in Origen of Alexandria" (2018). Dissertations (1934 -). 769. https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/769 RECONCILING UNIVERSAL SALVATION AND FREEDOM OF CHOICE IN ORIGEN OF ALEXANDRIA by Lee W. Sytsma, B.A., M.T.S. A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School, Marquette University, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Milwaukee, Wisconsin May 2018 ABSTRACT RECONCILING UNIVERSAL SALVATION AND FREEDOM OF CHOICE IN ORIGEN OF ALEXANDRIA Lee W. Sytsma, B.A., M.T.S. Marquette University, 2018 Origen has traditionally been famous for his universalism, but many scholars now express doubt that Origen believed in a universal and permanent apocatastasis. This is because many scholars are convinced that Origen’s teaching on moral autonomy (or freedom of choice) is logically incompatible with the notion that God foreordains every soul’s future destiny. Those few scholars who do argue that Origen believed in both moral autonomy and universal salvation either do not know how to reconcile these two views in Origen’s theology, or their proposed “solutions” are not convincing. In this dissertation I make two preliminary arguments which allow the question of logical compatibility to come into focus. -
CH 527 COURSE SYLLABUS the MEDIEVAL CHURCH and the REFORMATION from the Rise of Charlemagne to the Council of Trent Fall, 2020
CH 527 COURSE SYLLABUS THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH and THE REFORMATION From the Rise of Charlemagne to The Council of Trent Fall, 2020. Instructor: Fr. Luke Dysinger, OSB. Email: [email protected]. Phone: 805 482-2755: office ext 1045; room ext. 1068. Office Hours (St. Katharine 318) by arrangement, COURSE WEBSITE: through Sonis, or http://ldysinger.stjohnsem.edu DESCRIPTION: This course will introduce the history, theology, and spirituality of the Christian Church from the rise of Charlemagne (c. 800) to the Council of Trent (1563). This course will provide an overview of both the theological and spiritual traditions of the Medieval Church through the time of the Catholic Reformation, culminating in the Council of Trent. The rich ethnic and cultural diversity of Christian thought during this period will be highlighted through study of primary sources from the Jewish, Roman, Greek, Celtic, Anglo- European, Slavic, Middle-Eastern (Syriac), and Egyptian (Coptic) traditions. In order to profit from the cultural and ethnic diversity of the student body, students are encouraged to bring to classroom discussion the early and medieval origins of their cultural traditions: including, for example, the theological, liturgical, and spiritual emphases that distinguish Western Catholicism from Eastern traditions such as the Maronite, Chaldean, Melchite, Malabar, and Ruthenian churches. During each class selected primary and secondary texts will be studied and discussed. A large proportion of the primary texts will be taken from the Office of Readings. In this way students’ ongoing prayerful study of these texts in the liturgy will provide a deepening re-acquaintance with patristic and early medieval sources of Christian spirituality and doctrine. -
University Microfilms International T U T T L E , V Ir G in Ia G R a C E
INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material subm itted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in “sectioning” the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again-beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For any illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and tipped into your xerographic copy. -
Norman Geisler on Molinism
Norman Geisler on Molinism http://normangeisler.com What did Norm Geisler say about the Middle-Knowledge, Molinism, and the thought of Luis de Molina? Several people have asked about this by email. This blogpost attempts to provide an answer based on six sources of Norm’s comments on Molinism: 1) Geisler, Norman L. “Molinism,” in Baker Encyclopedia of Christian Apologetics. (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 1999) pp. 493–495. 2) Geisler, Norman L. Chosen but Free: A Balanced View of Divine Election, 2nd edition (Bethany House, 1999) pp. 51-55 3) Geisler, Norman L. Systematic Theology, Volume II: God, Creation (Bethany House, 2003) pp. 206-207 4) Geisler, Norman L. Roman Catholics and Evangelicals: Agreements and Differences (Baker Books, 1995), p. 450-446 5) Classroom lectures by Norm Geisler on God’s Immutability in the course TH540 (“God and Creation”) at Veritas International University, circa 2013. Class #3 - https://vimeo.com/72793620 6) Four private emails answered by Norm Although some paragraphs have been reworded slightly in the attempt to avoid copyright infringement, and the sources have been blended together in a somewhat repetitive and less-than-seamless way, this compilation remains faithful to what Norm wrote and said. The reader is encouraged to acquire the four books cited above to read this material in its original contexts. Apologies are offered in advance for the somewhat hurried and patchwork-nature of this compilation. LUIS DE MOLINA (A.D. 1535–1600) was born in Cuenca, New Castile, Spain. He joined the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) and became a theologian. The theology that bears his name claims to protect the integrity of human free will better than any other system. -
Commentary of Rabanus Maurus on the Book of Esther
Draft version 1.1. (c) 2015 The Herzl Institute, Jerusalem All rights reserved Commentary of Rabanus Maurus On the Book of Esther Published 836 Translated from Latin by Peter Wyetzner FOREWORD TO THE EMPRESS JUDITH The Book of Esther, which the Hebrews count among the Writings, contains in the form of mysteries many of the hidden truths of Christ and of the Church—that is, Esther herself, in a prefiguration of the Church, frees the people from danger; and after Haman—whose name is interpreted as wickedness—is killed, she assigns future generations a part in the feast and the festival day. In fact, the translator of the biblical narrative claims that he has copied this book from the documents of the Hebrews, and rendered it straightforwardly and word for word; and yet he did not omit entirely what he found in the Vulgate edition, rather after translating with complete fidelity the Hebrew original he added as an appendix to the end of the book the rest of the passages he found outside it. We have, moreover, explained in an allegorical fashion the material that has been drawn from the Hebrew source; while we have chosen to not to comment upon all the other passages that have been added to it in accordance with the language and the literature of the Greeks, and marked by an obel. But any serious reader can understand well enough the sense of these passages once he has carefully scrutinized the previous ones. And since you, noblest of queens, perceive so well the divine mysteries contained in the interpreted passages, you will no doubt arrive at a proper 1 understanding of the others. -
Hrabanus Maurus’ Post-Patristic Renovation of 1 Maccabees 1:1–8
Open Theology 2021; 7: 271–288 Research Article Christian Thrue Djurslev* Hrabanus Maurus’ Post-Patristic Renovation of 1 Maccabees 1:1–8 https://doi.org/10.1515/opth-2020-0160 received April 26, 2021; accepted June 01, 2021 Abstract: In this article, I examine Hrabanus Maurus’ exegesis of the opening verses of 1 Maccabees, which preserves a concise account of Alexander the Great’s career. My main goal is to demonstrate how Hrabanus reinterpreted the representation of the Macedonian king from 1 Maccabees. To this end, I employ transfor- mation theory, which enables me to analyze the ways in which Hrabanus updated the meaning of the biblical text. I argue that Hrabanus turned the negative Maccabean narrative of Alexander into a positive representation that was attractive to contemporary readers. I support this argument by focusing on Hrabanus’ recourse to Latin sources, primarily the late antique authors Jerome, Orosius, and Justin, an epitomist of Roman history. I find that Hrabanus challenged Jerome’s interpretations, neutralized much of Orosius’ negative appraisal of Alexander, and amplified the laudatory passages of Justin, which generated a new image of the ancient king. The present article thus contributes to three fields: medieval exegesis of biblical texts, Carolingian reinterpretation of the patristic heritage, and the reception of Alexander the Great. Keywords: Alexander the Great, biblical scholarship, medieval exegesis, “Carolingian Renaissance”, historio- graphy, historical text reuse, transformation theory 1 Prelude: What is the point of reception? Miriam De Cock, the prime mover behind this special issue of Open Theology, invited contributors to reflect on how and why we conduct research into the “reception history”¹ of biblical and patristic heritage. -
Susan K. Roll
Susan K. Roll Hildegard of Bingen: a Doctor of the Church On October 7, 2012, I was privileged to be present at the outdoor papal Mass at the Vatican in which Hildegard of Bingen was officially declared a Doctor of the Church. On October 26 I was even more privileged to be invited to give the opening address at the First International Conference of the Scivias Institut. As a member of the Scivias Institut from the beginning, I was pleased that this conference took place less than three weeks after Hildegard (finally!) received public recognition of her genius and of her contribution both to the Roman Catholic Church and to human creativity and knowledge, both scientific and mystical. In this article I will give some of the background and significance of the title “Doctor of the Church,” then briefly sketch the steps involved in Hildegard’s case. We will mention briefly the loose ends that remain in ascertaining the exact motive. Finally, to expand the context somewhat, we will take a glance at a sampling of contemporary commentaries that illustrates the rather odd situation today in which a medieval nun seems to have become, if not “all things to all people,” then certainly many very different things to various groups of people who want nothing to do with each other. The first point to note is that “Doctor of the Church” is conferred as an honorary title. It is not based on original research nor on the formal academic achievements equivalent to those of a person who holds a university Doctor title today. -
Agrarian Metaphors 397
396 Agrarian Metaphors 397 The Bible provided homilists with a rich store of "agricultural" metaphors and symbols) The loci classici are passages like Isaiah's "Song of the Vineyard" (Is. 5:1-7), Ezekiel's allegories of the Tree (Ez. 15,17,19:10-14,31) and christ's parables of the Sower (Matt. 13: 3-23, Mark 4:3-20, Luke 8:5-15) ,2 the Good Seed (Matt. 13:24-30, Mark 4:26-29) , the Barren Fig-tree (Luke 13:6-9) , the Labourers in the Vineyard (Matt. 21:33-44, Mark 12:1-11, Luke 20:9-18), and the Mustard Seed (Matt. 13:31-32, Mark 4:30-32, Luke 13:18-19). Commonplace in Scripture, however, are comparisons of God to a gardener or farmer,5 6 of man to a plant or tree, of his soul to a garden, 7and of his works to "fruits of the spirit". 8 Man is called the "husbandry" of God (1 Cor. 3:6-9), and the final doom which awaits him is depicted as a harvest in which the wheat of the blessed will be gathered into God's storehouse and the chaff of the damned cast into eternal fire. Medieval scriptural commentaries and spiritual handbooks helped to standardize the interpretation of such figures and to impress them on the memories of preachers (and their congregations). The allegorical exposition of the res rustica presented in Rabanus Maurus' De Universo (XIX, cap.l, "De cultura agrorum") is a distillation of typical readings: Spiritaliter ... in Scripturis sacris agricultura corda credentium intelliguntur, in quibus fructus virtutuxn germinant: unde Apostolus ad credentes ait [1 Cor. -
Kane42077 Ch13.Qxd 1/19/05 16:30 Page 147
kane42077_ch13.qxd 1/19/05 16:30 Page 147 CHAPTER 13 c Predestination, Divine Foreknowledge, and Free Will 1. Religious Belief and Free Will Debates about free will are impacted by religion as well as by science, as noted in chapter 1. Indeed, for many people, religion is the context in which questions about free will first arise. The following personal state- ment by philosopher William Rowe nicely expresses the experiences of many religious believers who first confront the problem of free will: As a seventeen year old convert to a quite orthodox branch of Protestantism, the first theological problem to concern me was the question of Divine Predestination and Human Freedom. Somewhere I read the following line from the Westminster Confession: “God from all eternity did...freely and unchangeably ordain whatsoever comes to pass.” In many ways I was attracted to this idea. It seemed to express the majesty and power of God over all that he had created. It also led me to take an optimistic view of events in my own life and the lives of others, events which struck me as bad or unfor- tunate. For I now viewed them as planned by God before the creation of the world—thus they must serve some good purpose unknown to me. My own conversion, I reasoned, must also have been ordained to happen, just as the failure of others to be converted must have been similarly ordained. But at this point in my reflections, I hit upon a difficulty, a difficulty that made me think harder than I ever had before in my life. -
Come, Holy Ghost
Come, Holy Ghost John Cosin and 17th Century Anglicanism Notes from sabbatical study leave, Summer 2016 Donald Allister Come, Holy Ghost Sabbatical study Copyright © Donald Allister 2017 2 Come, Holy Ghost Sabbatical study Contents Come, Holy Ghost 4 Personal Interest 5 The Legacy of the 16th Century 8 Arminianism and the Durham House Group 10 The Origins of the Civil War 13 Cosin’s Collection of Private Devotions 14 Controversy, Cambridge, Catastrophe 16 Exile, Roman Catholicism, and the Huguenots 18 Breda, Savoy, the Book of Common Prayer, and the Act of Uniformity 22 Cosin’s Other Distinctive Views 25 Reflections 26 Collects written by Cosin and included in the 1662 Prayer Book 29 Cosin’s Last Testament 30 Some key dates 33 Bibliography 35 3 Come, Holy Ghost Sabbatical study Come, Holy Ghost, our souls inspire, and lighten with celestial fire. Thou the anointing Spirit art, who dost thy sevenfold gifts impart. Thy blessed unction from above is comfort, life, and fire of love. Enable with perpetual light the dullness of our blinded sight. Anoint and cheer our soiled face with the abundance of thy grace. Keep far from foes, give peace at home: where thou art guide, no ill can come. Teach us to know the Father, Son, and thee, of both, to be but One, that through the ages all along, this may be our endless song: Praise to thy eternal merit, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Amen.1 Original Latin ascribed to Rabanus Maurus (died AD 856), traditionally sung at Pentecost, Confirmations, and Ordinations: Veni, creator Spiritus, / mentes tuorum visita, / imple superna gratia, / quae tu creasti, pectora.