Portuguese (Brazilian)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Portuguese (Brazilian) 5/14/2019 Course Outline - Brazilian Portuguese - Google Docs COURSE OUTLINE Portuguese (Brazilian) Unit 1 : Introductions Unit 1 : Chapter 1. Salutations and Small Talk Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Express Gratitude ● Form Basic Questions ● Greet People ● Recognize Articles and Agreement ● Make Small Talk with Strangers ● Recognize Verb Conjugation and Personal Pronoun ● Provide Some Information About the Weather Agreement ● Say Goodbye ● Use the Verb Estar Unit 1 : Chapter 2. Languages and Origins Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Ask Where Someone is From ● Learn About the Verb S er ● Ask Whether Someone Speaks a Language ● Learn the First Person Form of the Verb Morar ● Get Someone's Attention ● Learn the First, Second, and Third Person Forms of the ● Say Names of Countries and Nationalities Verb Entender ● Say the Seasons of the Year ● Learn the First, Second, and Third Person Forms of the Verb Falar ● Negate Simple Statements 1 | Mango Languages - Arabic (Levantine) Course Outline mangolanguages.com | [email protected] https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GLofJ0Ur26CM7fa0PEf3otwVhTOZP4IDlVBOmlM5huU/edit 1/13 5/14/2019 Course Outline - Brazilian Portuguese - Google Docs Unit 1 : Chapter 3. Introductions and Professions Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Ask Someone's Name ● Learn Some Question Words ● Introduce Yourself and Others ● Practice Gender Agreement ● Recognize Some Brazilian Names ● Practice the Difference Between S er and Estar ● Respond to Introductions ● Use Possessive Pronouns ● Say That You Are Not Someone or Something ● Use the Reflexive Pronoun S e Unit 1 : Chapter 4. Personal Info and Preferences Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Give Your Phone Number and Email Address ● Learn Different Forms of the Verbs T er and G ostar ● Say the Day of the Week, Date and Month ● Learn Numbers 1 - 100 ● Say Your Favorite Colors or Favorite Food Items ● Learn Prepositions Used Before Dates and Addresses ● State Where You Live ● Practice Number and Gender Agreement in ● Tell Your Age Definite Articles ● Use Question Words Such as Q ual? and Quantos? Unit 2 : Connections Unit 2 : Chapter 1. Places and Directions Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Ask for Directions ● Learn the Imperative (Command) Verb Structure ● Get Help Finding Places ● Learn the Use of F icar for Locations ● Identify Important Places and Facilities Around Town ● Practice Verbs in the Present Tense ● Talk About Places that I Know ● Use the Contracted Form of Prepositions and Articles ● Understand and Give Directions 2 | Mango Languages - Portuguese (Brazilian) Course Outline mangolanguages.com | [email protected] https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GLofJ0Ur26CM7fa0PEf3otwVhTOZP4IDlVBOmlM5huU/edit 2/13 5/14/2019 Course Outline - Brazilian Portuguese - Google Docs Unit 2 : Chapter 2. Currency and Counting Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Deal with Brazilian Currency ● Learn How to Give Affirmative Answers to Yes/No ● Follow Simple Arithmetic Problems Questions ● Negotiate Basic Transactions at Stores ● Learn the First Person Plural Verb Conjugation ● Practice Numbers ● Practice the Plural of Nouns ● Use Demonstratives Unit 2 : Chapter 3. Food and Drink Culture Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Gain Insight into Brazilian Food Culture ● Formulate Questions ● Give Instructions on How to Prepare a Recipe ● Learn Verbs Commonly Used When Giving Instructions ● Order Drinks and Meals ● Practice Gender and Number Agreement of Adjectives ● Talk About Food Preferences ● Practice More Preposition and Article Contractions ● Understand Common Phrases Used at Restaurants ● Use the Gostar + d e Construction Unit 2 : Chapter 4. Transportation and Payment Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Deal with Large Numbers ● Conjugate the Irregular Verb Poder ● Discuss Payment Methods ● Learn to Offer to Do Something Using Deixe-me ● Handle Brazilian Currency with Ease ● Use Numbers up to 999 ● Take a Taxi and Pay the Fare ● Use the Verb Ir to Form the Future Tense ● Talk About Plans and Arrangements Unit 2 : Chapter 5. Help and Requests Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Accept or Decline Help ● Learn to Form the Continuous Verb Tense ● Ask for and Offer Help ● Learn to Form the Preterite Past Tense ● Describe Emergency Situations ● Use Reflexive Pronouns ● Describe Past Activities ● Use the Estar + c om Construction ● Gain Knowledge of Emergency Services in Brazil 3 | Mango Languages - Portuguese (Brazilian) Course Outline mangolanguages.com | [email protected] https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GLofJ0Ur26CM7fa0PEf3otwVhTOZP4IDlVBOmlM5huU/edit 3/13 5/14/2019 Course Outline - Brazilian Portuguese - Google Docs Unit 2 : Chapter 6. Clarification and Explanation Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Ask and Answer What a Written Word or Phrase Means ● Form and Use Demonstratives ● Ask and Answer What a Written Word or Phrase Says ● Form the Comparative Degree of Adverbs ● Ask and Tell What Something Is ● Learn the Preterite Past Tense Form of New Verbs ● Communicate One's Ability to Understand Something ● Practice the Command Form of New Verbs ● Request That Someone Repeat, Slow Down, or Speak ● Use Basic Adverbs Up Unit 2 : Chapter 7. Compliments and Corrections Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Ask and Tell What Something Is ● Form Numbers up to 9,999 ● Give or Respond to a Compliment ● Learn the Conjunction P orque ● Request or Agree to Speak in Brazilian Portuguese ● Practice the Present Progressive Tense ● Request or Provide a Performance Review ● Use Interrogative Pronouns ● Tell Someone That You Are Learning Something ● Use Prepositions to Express Time Unit 2 : Chapter 8. Relatives and Pets Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Address Family Members Using Kinship Words ● Combine the Preposition Em with the Demonstrative ● Describe People's Appearance Pronouns Este and Esta ● Describe Pictures ● Form Tag Questions Using N é? ● Talk About Personality Types ● Form the Third Person Plural Possessive Pronouns ● Talk About Pets ● Use Number Agreement with Possessive Pronouns ● Use the First Person Plural Form of S er and Ter Unit 2 : Chapter 9. Household Rooms and Items Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Describe the Color of Something ● Learn Demonstrative Pronouns ● Express Enthusiasm or Surprise ● Learn the Direct Object Pronoun T e ● Refer to General Places ● Practice the Use of the Verb Haver ● Refer to Rooms and Locations in a House ● Use Adverbs of Place ● Use Location and Relational Words ● Use Prepositions of Place and Direction 4 | Mango Languages - Portuguese (Brazilian) Course Outline mangolanguages.com | [email protected] https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GLofJ0Ur26CM7fa0PEf3otwVhTOZP4IDlVBOmlM5huU/edit 4/13 5/14/2019 Course Outline - Brazilian Portuguese - Google Docs Unit 2 : Chapter 10. Career and Hobbies Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Accept an Invitation ● Conjugate Regular Verbs in the Past Tense ● Politely Decline an Invitation ● Create the Plural Form of Regular Verbs ● Share Likes and Dislikes ● Use the Second Person Plural Pronoun V ocês ● Talk About Careers and Professions ● Talk About Hobbies Unit 3 : Community Unit 3 : Chapter 1. Friends and Relationships Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Ask About Somebody’s Habits ● Communicate the Past Tense Using J á ● Offer Somebody a Drink ● Create the Regular Plural Form for Nouns Ending in a ● Strike Up a Conversation Consonant ● Talk About Career and Work ● Express Future Plans Using Vou ● Talk About Future Plans ● Practice More Reflexive Verbs ● Use A gente for First Person Plural Unit 3 : Chapter 2. Cooking and Eating Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Discuss the Ingredients in a Dish ● Learn the Continuous Verb Tense ● Learn Common Local and Cultural Foods ● Learn the Interrogative Expression Para que ● Refer to Food Preparation Processes ● Use the Imperative / Command Form ● Say You Like Certain Foods ● Use the Verb Ajudar Followed by A ● Talk About Household Chores ● Use the Verb Ir + A to Indicate Future Tense 5 | Mango Languages - Portuguese (Brazilian) Course Outline mangolanguages.com | [email protected] https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GLofJ0Ur26CM7fa0PEf3otwVhTOZP4IDlVBOmlM5huU/edit 5/13 5/14/2019 Course Outline - Brazilian Portuguese - Google Docs Unit 3 : Chapter 3. Weather and Landscapes Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Describe the Land ● Form the Past Tense of the Verb I r ● Describe the Weather ● Practice V amos...! as "Let's...!" ● Practice the Months of the Year ● Use the Phrase Não vejo a hora ● Talk About Hobbies and Free Time Activities ● Use the Verb Fazer to Refer to the Weather Unit 3 : Chapter 4. Shopping and Apparel Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Express Needs ● Learn How to Put Nouns Ending in -l Into the Plural ● Inquire About Store Hours ● Learn the Second and Third Person Singular ● Talk About Work and School Materials Conjugation for Verbs Ending in -ir ● Understand Different Types of Stores ● Practice Comparative Forms ● Understand Sizing in Brazil ● Practice Preposition and Object Pronoun Contractions ● Use Number Agreement When Referring to Time Unit 3 : Chapter 5. Tasks and Errands Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Ask For Help or Assistance ● Establish Comparisons ● Invite Someone to Join You for an Activity ● Form Irregular Plurals ● Talk About What You Have to Do ● Learn the Expression Será ? ● Use Basic Banking and Financial Terms ● Learn the T er que Structure ● Use the Post Office Unit 3 : Chapter 6. Recreation and Relaxation Conversational Goals Grammar Goals ● Express
Recommended publications
  • Galego As a Nickname in the Portuguese of Santa Catarina: Findings from ALERS
    Revista de Estudos da Linguagem, v. 26, n. 3, p. 1227-1276, 2018 Galego as a nickname in the Portuguese of Santa Catarina: findings from ALERS A alcunha galego no português de Santa Catarina: o que revelam os dados do ALERS Fernando Hélio Tavares de Barros Universidade Chistian-Albrechts de Kiel (CAU), Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein / Alemanha [email protected] Lucas Löff Machado Universidade Católica de Eichstätt e Ingolstadt (KU), Eichstätt, Baviera / Alemanha [email protected] Grasiela Veloso dos Santos Heidmann Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso / Brasil [email protected] Neusa Inês Philippsen Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT, Campus Sinop), Sinop, Mato Grosso / Brasil Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo / Brasil [email protected] Resumo: É conhecida a figura dosgalegos no folclore luso-brasileiro. A língua através de suas diversas expressões reflete a Galícia e seus habitantes na memória coletiva dos luso-brasileiros, mesmo que de maneira opaca. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o uso da alcunha galego no português falado no Estado de Santa Catarina - SC, no sul do Brasil. A perspectiva da onomástica e da geolinguística delineia as bases teóricas dessa investigação. Por meio dos dados levantados e disponibilizados pelo Atlas Linguístico- Etnográfico da Região Sul do Brasil –ALERS, foi possível analisar a pergunta “pessoa que tem cabelos loiros e tez clara, dizemos que é?” (Questionário 3.3.3 – ALERS). O eISSN: 2237-2083 DOI: 10.17851/2237-2083.26.3.1227-1276 1228 Revista de Estudos da Linguagem, v. 26, n. 3, p. 1227-1276, 2018 levantamento lexicográfico dessa forma lexical revelou inicialmente uma diversidade de conteúdos semânticos tanto na Península Ibérica quanto na România Nova.
    [Show full text]
  • French Creole
    Comparative perspectives on the origins, development and structure of Amazonian (Karipúna) French Creole Jo-Anne S. Ferreira UWI, St. Augustine/SIL International Mervyn C. Alleyne UWI, Mona/UPR, Río Piedras Together known as Kheuól, Karipúna French Creole (KFC) and Galibi-Marwono French Creole (GMFC) are two varieties of Amazonian French Creole (AFC) spoken in the Uaçá area of northern Amapá in Brazil. Th ey are socio-historically and linguistically connected with and considered to be varieties of Guianese French Creole (GFC). Th is paper focuses on the external history of the Brazilian varieties, and compares a selection of linguistic forms across AFC with those of GFC and Antillean varieties, including nasalised vowels, the personal pronouns and the verbal markers. St. Lucian was chosen as representative of the Antillean French creoles of the South-Eastern Caribbean, including Martinique and Trinidad, whose populations have had a history of contact with those of northern Brazil since the sixteenth century. Data have been collected from both fi eld research and archival research into secondary sources. Introduction Th is study focuses on a group of languages/dialects which are spoken in Brazil, French Guiana and the Lesser Antilles, and to a lesser extent on others spoken in other parts of the Americas (as well as in the Indian Ocean). Th is linguistic group is variously referred to as Creole French, French Creole, French-lexicon Creole, French-lexifi er Creole, French Creole languages/dialects, Haitian/Martiniquan/St. Lucian (etc.) Cre- ole, and more recently by the adjective of the name of the country, particularly in the case of the Haiti (cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Dialectal, Historical and Sociolinguistic Aspects of Galician Intonation1
    Dialectologia. Special issue, VI (2016), 147-169. ISSN: 2013-2247 Received 22 March 2016. Accepted 24 May 2016. DIALECTAL, HISTORICAL AND SOCIOLINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF GALICIAN INTONATION1 Elisa FERNÁNDEZ REI Instituto da Lingua Galega - Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [email protected] Abstract Geoprosodic data are useful for studying language cHange and developing HypotHeses about tHe diachrony of intonation. In the case of Galician, it is particularly interesting to study varieties of Galician and Portuguese wHicH sHare a common origin but are separated by a long-standing political border. Work to date Has concluded tHat some of tHese intonation patterns present a prosodic continuum, but has also identified a large part of the Galician linguistic area where a widespread pattern is found that is unrelated to Portuguese. An approacH to the study of dialectology and linguistic cHange will be proposed which supplements traditional geoprosodic studies with sociolinguistic concepts such as contact between languages and language varieties. THis article will address Questions concerning interaction between geoprosodic variation and contact among languages and language varieties for tHe purpose of detecting ongoing prosodic change and describing prosodic convergence processes that affect coexisting language varieties in Galicia. Keywords Galician intonation, dialectology, linguistic cHange, language contact 1 This study was conducted tHanks to funding from tHe researcH projects Cambio linGüístico en GalleGo (FFI2012-33845) and Contacto y cambio linGüístico en GalleGo (FFI2015-65208-P), financed by the SpanisH Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, and from the Xunta de Galicia and the European Union (under tHe grant GRC2013/40). 147 E. FERNÁNDEZ REI ASPECTOS DIALECTALES, HISTÓRICOS Y SOCIOLINGÜÍSTICOS DE LA ENTONACIÓN GALLEGA Resumen Los datos geoprosódicos son muy valiosos para el estudio del cambio lingüístico y para la elaboración de Hipótesis sobre la diacronía de la entonación.
    [Show full text]
  • Pragmatic Uses of Negation in Chipileño Spanish (Mexico)
    languages Article Pragmatic Uses of Negation in Chipileño Spanish (Mexico) Olga Tararova Department of Languages and Cultures, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; [email protected] Received: 5 May 2020; Accepted: 8 July 2020; Published: 13 July 2020 Abstract: This paper discusses two negation types (standard negation (SN), negative doubling (ND)) in Chipileño Spanish, a variety that has emerged as a result of contact between Spanish and Veneto (an Italo-Romance language) in Mexico. In Veneto, negation can be formed in two ways: preverbally (SN) and as a negative doubling (ND). Based on sporadic observation, bilingual speakers of Spanish and Veneto transfer a final no while speaking Spanish, a language that does not allow repetition of the same negator in the postverbal position. Using both a spontaneous and a controlled tasks, the results show two possibilities: preverbal negation only (no vino ‘[S/he] did not come’) and sentence final (no me gusta no ‘I do not like’) in both tasks. This study compares the findings from Chipileño Spanish to the other Romance varieties that exhibit similar cases of negation, while discussing its scope and relevance to discourse-pragmatic factors. Keywords: negative doubling; negation; Chipileño Spanish; pragmatics 1. Introduction According to Zeijlstra(2007), “a universal property of natural language is that every language is able to express negation ::: but it differs to quite a large extent as to how each language expresses this negation” (498). The word ‘extent’ refers to cross-linguistic variation in the form of the negative element, the position of the negative element, and its interpretation.
    [Show full text]
  • Developments of the Lateral in Occitan Dialects and Their Romance and Cross-Linguistic Context Daniela Müller
    Developments of the lateral in occitan dialects and their romance and cross-linguistic context Daniela Müller To cite this version: Daniela Müller. Developments of the lateral in occitan dialects and their romance and cross- linguistic context. Linguistics. Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. English. NNT : 2011TOU20122. tel-00674530 HAL Id: tel-00674530 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00674530 Submitted on 27 Feb 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. en vue de l’obtention du DOCTORATDEL’UNIVERSITÉDETOULOUSE délivré par l’université de toulouse 2 - le mirail discipline: sciences du langage zur erlangung der doktorwürde DERNEUPHILOLOGISCHENFAKULTÄT DERRUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITÄTHEIDELBERG présentée et soutenue par vorgelegt von DANIELAMÜLLER DEVELOPMENTS OF THE LATERAL IN OCCITAN DIALECTS ANDTHEIRROMANCEANDCROSS-LINGUISTICCONTEXT JURY Jonathan Harrington (Professor, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) Francesc Xavier Lamuela (Catedràtic, Universitat de Girona) Jean-Léonard Léonard (Maître de conférences HDR, Paris
    [Show full text]
  • Pidgin and Creole Languages: Essays in Memory of John E. Reinecke
    Pidgin and Creole Languages JOHN E. REINECKE 1904–1982 Pidgin and Creole Languages Essays in Memory of John E. Reinecke Edited by Glenn G. Gilbert Open Access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities / Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Licensed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 In- ternational (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits readers to freely download and share the work in print or electronic format for non-commercial purposes, so long as credit is given to the author. Derivative works and commercial uses require per- mission from the publisher. For details, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. The Cre- ative Commons license described above does not apply to any material that is separately copyrighted. Open Access ISBNs: 9780824882150 (PDF) 9780824882143 (EPUB) This version created: 17 May, 2019 Please visit www.hawaiiopen.org for more Open Access works from University of Hawai‘i Press. © 1987 University of Hawaii Press All Rights Reserved CONTENTS Preface viii Acknowledgments xii Introduction 1 John E. Reinecke: His Life and Work Charlene J. Sato and Aiko T. Reinecke 3 William Greenfield, A Neglected Pioneer Creolist John E. Reinecke 28 Theoretical Perspectives 39 Some Possible African Creoles: A Pilot Study M. Lionel Bender 41 Pidgin Hawaiian Derek Bickerton and William H. Wilson 65 The Substance of Creole Studies: A Reappraisal Lawrence D. Carrington 83 Verb Fronting in Creole: Transmission or Bioprogram? Chris Corne 102 The Need for a Multidimensional Model Robert B. Le Page 125 Decreolization Paths for Guyanese Singular Pronouns John R.
    [Show full text]
  • 89 Annual Meeting
    Meeting Handbook Linguistic Society of America American Dialect Society American Name Society North American Association for the History of the Language Sciences Society for Pidgin and Creole Linguistics Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas The Association for Linguistic Evidence 89th Annual Meeting UIF+/0 7/-+Fi0N i0N XgLP(+I'L 5/hL- 7/-+Fi0N` 96 ;_AA Ti0(i-e` @\A= ANNUAL REVIEWS It’s about time. Your time. It’s time well spent. VISIT US IN BOOTH #1 LEARN ABOUT OUR NEW JOURNAL AND ENTER OUR DRAWING! New from Annual Reviews: Annual Review of Linguistics linguistics.annualreviews.org • Volume 1 • January 2015 Co-Editors: Mark Liberman, University of Pennsylvania and Barbara H. Partee, University of Massachusetts Amherst The Annual Review of Linguistics covers significant developments in the field of linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and their interfaces. Reviews synthesize advances in linguistic theory, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, language change, biology and evolution of language, typology, and applications of linguistics in many domains. Complimentary online access to the first volume will be available until January 2016. TABLE OF CONTENTS: • Suppletion: Some Theoretical Implications, • Correlational Studies in Typological and Historical Jonathan David Bobaljik Linguistics, D. Robert Ladd, Seán G. Roberts, Dan Dediu • Ditransitive Constructions, Martin Haspelmath • Advances in Dialectometry, Martijn Wieling, John Nerbonne • Quotation and Advances in Understanding Syntactic • Sign Language Typology: The Contribution of Rural Sign Systems, Alexandra D'Arcy Languages, Connie de Vos, Roland Pfau • Semantics and Pragmatics of Argument Alternations, • Genetics and the Language Sciences, Simon E. Fisher, Beth Levin Sonja C.
    [Show full text]
  • The Processing of Grammatical Gender Agreement in Brazilian Portuguese: ERP Evidence in Favor of a Single Route
    Journal of Psycholinguistic Research https://doi.org/10.1007/s10936-018-9598-z The Processing of Grammatical Gender Agreement in Brazilian Portuguese: ERP Evidence in Favor of a Single Route Natália Carolina Alencar de Resende1 · Mailce Borges Mota2 · Pieter Seuren3 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract The present study used event-related potentials to investigate whether the processing of grammatical gender agreement involving gender regular and irregular forms recruit the same or distinct neurocognitive mechanisms and whether different grammatical gender agreement conditions elicit the same or diverse ERP signals. Native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese read sentences containing congruent and incongruent grammatical gender agreement between a determiner and a regular or an irregular form (condition 1) and between a regular or an irregular form and an adjective (condition 2). However, in condition 2, trials with incongruent regular forms elicited more positive ongoing waveforms than trial with incongruent irregular forms. Wefound a biphasic LAN/P600 effect for gender agreement violation involving regular and irregular forms in both conditions. Our findings suggest that gender agreement between determiner and nouns recruits the same neurocognitive mechanisms regardless of the nouns’ form and that, depending on the grammatical class of the words involved in gender agreement, differences in ERP signals can emerge. Keywords Gender agreement · Regular and irregular forms · Brazilian Portuguese · Event-related potentials Introduction In many of the world’s languages, all nouns, including those designating inanimate entities, are distributed into gender categories (e.g., Corbett 1991). For instance, in romance languages (such as Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Italian), nouns designating animate beings, such as ‘girl’, ‘boy’, as well as nouns designating inanimate referents such as ‘house’, ‘culture’ and ‘car’ can be categorized as feminine or masculine nouns.
    [Show full text]
  • The Subject Position in Brazilian Portuguese: the Embedding of a Syntactic Change
    University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics Volume 14 Issue 2 Selected Papers from NWAV 36 Article 8 November 2008 The Subject Position in Brazilian Portuguese: the Embedding of a Syntactic Change Silvia Regina de O. Cavalcante Universidade Federal Fluminense Maria Eugênia L. Duarte Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/pwpl Recommended Citation Cavalcante, Silvia Regina de O. and Eugênia L. Duarte, Maria (2008) "The Subject Position in Brazilian Portuguese: the Embedding of a Syntactic Change," University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics: Vol. 14 : Iss. 2 , Article 8. Available at: https://repository.upenn.edu/pwpl/vol14/iss2/8 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/pwpl/vol14/iss2/8 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Subject Position in Brazilian Portuguese: the Embedding of a Syntactic Change Abstract One remarkable difference between European and Brazilian Portuguese is related with the setting of the Null Subject Parameter (NSP). While European Portuguese (EP) behaves like a prototypical romance null subject language, contemporary Brazilian Portuguese (BP) is a partially pro-drop system (Duarte 1995; Kato 2000), with preferably overt referential subjects and null expletive subjects in finite clauses, a procedure consistent with a discourse orientation shown by BP (Kato and Duarte 2003). The aim of this paper is to show that the subject position of non-finite clauses begins ot show some “side effects” or “by-products” of the ongoing process of change. Our analysis will compare the position of arbitrary subjects of infinitival sentences in EP and BP inspired by the diachronic analysis of Cavalcante (2006) of such structures in Classical Portuguese (from the 16th to the 18th century) and Modern European Portuguese (19th century).
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Volume One: Essays Editorial note 13 Foreword · David Crystal 15 Introduction · Jon A. Lindseth 21 Preliminary Essays Warren Weaver’s Alice in Many Tongues: A Critical Appraisal · Emer O’Sullivan 29 Alice and Global Bibliography: Reading the Whole Book · Michael F. Suarez, SJ 42 The Universal Child · Warren Weaver 47 Lewis Carroll as He Was · Morton N. Cohen 51 Alice Liddell as She Was · Morton N. Cohen 65 The Alice Books: English Classics · Morton N. Cohen 71 Translations of Alice during the Lifetime of Lewis Carroll · Edward Wakeling 80 The Real Flood of Translations · Selwyn Goodacre 99 A Selection of Covers in Color Languages Afrikaans · Lelanie de Roubaix and Ilse Feinauer 127 Albanian (Gheg and Tosk) · Merita Bajraktari McCormack 130 Arabic · Nadia El Kholy 134 Aragonese · Antonio Chusé Gil Ereza 137 Armenian (Eastern) · Zoya Pirzad 139 Aromanian · Mariana Bara 141 Assamese · Pradipta Borgohain 144 Asturian · Xilberto Llano 147 Azerbaijani · Sheyda Souleymanova 150 Basque · Manu López Gaseni 152 Belarusian · Max Ščur 155 Bengali · Nivedita Sen 159 Bosnian · Sandra Novkinić 164 Brazilian Portuguese · Lauro Maia Amorim 166 Brazilian Sign Language · Clélia Regina Ramos 168 Breton · Hervé Le Bihan 171 Bulgarian · Ivan Derzhanski 174 Catalan · Francesc Parcerisas 178 Cebuano · Marina P. Hamoy 181 Chinese · Zongxin Feng 187 Cornish · Nicholas J. A. Williams 199 Croatian · Smiljana Narančić Kovač 201 Volume One · The Essays contents 7 Alice_Vol.1_Essays_FINAL_GD_w_pix17_4prs.indd 7 4/10/15 11:06 AM Czech · Jiří Rambousek 207 Danish · Viggo Hjørnager Pedersen 211 Dari and Pashto · Rahman A. Arman 214 Dutch · Lenny de Rooy 218 Estonian · Risto Järv 223 Ewondo · Stéphanie Engola 227 Faroese · Bergljót av Skarði and Kristinbjørg Høgnesen 230 Fijian · Apolonia Tamata 232 Filipino · Marina P.
    [Show full text]
  • Portuguese As a Minority Language Attitudes of Undergraduate Students Studying Portuguese Literature
    Researching Bias Portuguese as a Minority Language Attitudes of Undergraduate Students Studying Portuguese Literature Sónia Maria Nunes Reis Language acquisition cannot be separated variety is considered more standard by the tions of the way the target language is from the social arena in which it takes L2 Portuguese learners. written or spoken—that is either EP or place. (Dörnyei, 2009, p. 227) It is important to note that L1 refers BP—as well as the cultural aspects as- to a student’s mother tongue and L2 is the sociated to each of these two varieties of Introduction second language that a student acquires. Portuguese. Herein all references to L2 are to the Por- Most of the students who chose such Second language acquisition theorists tuguese language course being taught at courses select them as an elective. Some have yet to conceptualize an understand- the university level. students who enroll want to catch up on ing of undergraduate students’ attitudes The primary research question for this the Portuguese language missed over the and experiences when studying the two study was: years while others arrive in a first year different versions of Portuguese language Portuguese course for an easy credit. Con- most often encountered in experimental u What are the attitudes and course trary to what Gardner and Lambert (1972) literature, European Portuguese (EP) and experiences found among L2 Portu- suggest is the ideal age to start learning a Brazilian Portuguese (BP). The differences guese undergraduate students with second language, the participants in this between EP and BP raise some interest- respect to EP versus BP? study are much older and arrive in L2 Por- ing issues that are well worth considering tuguese university courses with stronger through undergraduate university stu- Background: attitudes and expectations about which dents’ perceptions and attitudes.
    [Show full text]
  • Book of Abstracts Sponsors
    sociolinguistics symposium micro and macro connections 3+4+5 April 2008 Amsterdam – Papers – Posters – Themed panels and Workshops Book of Abstracts Sponsors www.meertens.knaw.nl/ss17 ABSTRACTS Sociolinguistics Symposium 17 Amsterdam 3-5 April 2008 3 SS17: MICRO AND MACRO CONNECTION S The 17th edition of 'The Sociolinguistic Symposium', Europe's leading international conference on language in society, will be held in Amsterdam from 3-5 April 2008. The chairing Institute is The Meertens Institute (Department of Language Variation). The theme of this conference is Micro and Macro Connections. The conference will be held at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU). Sociolinguistics is about the relationship between language and society. By proposing Micro and Macro connec- tions as the conference's theme, we want to invite researchers who generate insights into the interplay between language and society by examining the ways social structure is oriented to and affected by verbal practices. Language does not just reflect social facts. The connections between language and social organization are multi- layered, dynamic and reflexive and they are accomplished at many different levels of language use. When people use language, they are actors engaging in some interactional project that defines the ground for the ways param- eters such as identity, community and culture are shaped. Therefore, we have welcomed in particular proposals that explore the ways verbal practices display and contribute to social organization. About the Sociolinguistics Symposia The Sociolinguistics Symposia are organized bi-annually since the 1970s by a group of sociolinguists who rec- ognized the need for a forum for discussing research findings and for debating theoretical and methodological issues concerning language in society.
    [Show full text]