Immunology Transformations

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Immunology Transformations IDecembermmunology 2018 | ISSN 1356-5559 (print) News Immunology transformations: An interview with our President, Peter Openshaw Immunology Policy talk: China at 60: Immunology goes conversations: Celebrate our journal’s to Parliament Building collaborations continued success www.immunology.org 2 ADVERTISEMENTS the life science company with a difference Nobel Prize-winner Recommendation! Bio X Cell offer a reagent portfolio specialized towards antibodies which are widely used for in vivo and in vitro antigen neutralisation and pathway blockade as well as cell specific depletion. BioXcell CTLA-A antibodies are highly recommended by James P. Allison - Corecipient of the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine To view all Bio X cell products visit 2BScientific.com: Academic discounts www.2BScientific.com/Suppliers/BioXCell & bulk pricing available +44 (0)1869 238 033 www.2BScientific.com [email protected] Products are for Research Use Only – Not for Therapeutic or Diagnostic Use ™ Veri-Cells Veri ed Lyophilized Control Cells Save time, money, and reagents with Veri-Cells™, our new lyophilized human control cells for ow cytometry, validated to provide consistent assay-to- assay results. • Exceptional long term stability • Scatter pro le similar to fresh samples • Validated to detect 160+markers • Useful to monitor data quality and reproducibility in multi-center and longitudinal studies Learn more at: biolegend.com/veri-cells BioLegend is ISO 13485:2003 Certi ed Tel: 858.768.5800 biolegend.com 08-0063-16 World-Class Quality | Superior Customer Support | Outstanding Value Immunology News | December 2018 A WORD FROM THE EDITOR 3 ©Shutterstock Welcome to the December 2018 edition personnel. Firstly, we’re incredibly excited of Immunology News. The last few to welcome our new Chief Executive, months have been an incredibly busy Doug Brown, to the organisation. Doug time for the BSI, with a number of new has now been with us for a couple of initiatives starting. We attended the months and you can read more about European Congress of Immunology his first impressions and his plans for in Amsterdam, celebrated the 60th the future on page 4. At the end of the anniversary of our official journal, year, we also bid a fond farewell to our Immunology, and ran our first ever current President, Peter Openshaw, who parliamentary event! You can read more has led the organisation with vision and about all of these activities in this issue. drive for the last five years. You can read We recently conducted a membership an interview with Peter on his reflections survey to find out more about your of his time in office with us on page 14. thoughts on our work. We would like to say a huge thank you to everyone who took Best wishes, the time to send us their views – you can read more about our findings on page 17. Jennie Evans We also have a number of changes of [email protected] The Team Contents Editorial Advisory Board: FEATURES: Edd James (Southampton) 14 Louisa James (London) Interview with Donald Palmer (London) Peter Openshaw Mihil Patel (Cardiff) Ushani Srenathan (London) BSI goes to Parliament Managing Editor: 20 Jennie Evans Sub Editor: Rebecca Ramsden Design: Qube Design Associates British Society for Immunology 34 Red Lion Square London WC1R 4SG Tel: +44(0)203 019 5901 Immunology at 60 4 Society news Email: [email protected] 22 www.immunology.org 25 Congratulations Enquiries and correspondence: 26 Future Focus Jennie Evans: [email protected] 29 Around the BSI groups Advertising queries: 30 Journal news Sarah Green: [email protected] Follow us: Registered charity 1043255 in England and Wales/SCD047367 in Scotland. britsocimm Registered in England and Wales as company 3009533. 26 China conversations britsocimm © 2018 British Society for Immunology britsocimm The views expressed by contributors are not necessarily those of the britsocimm Society, nor can claims of advertisers be guarenteed. The Society, Editorial britishsocietyforimm Board and authors cannot accept liability for any errors or omissions. british-society-for-immunology Immunology News | December 2018 4 SOCIETY NEWS out about why you value membership changes to our Trustee team. Our VIEW FROM … and what the BSI can do to support you, President, Peter Openshaw, will step THE CHIEF and also to engage with some of our down at our AGM after 5 years in the most important stakeholders across role. Peter is the first clinician to lead the EXECUTIVE the UK and Europe. You can read more BSI and we owe him an enormous debt about the BSI’s time at ECI on page 6. of gratitude for his energy, vision and Later that week I was back in the office leadership (read Peter’s reflections on I’m delighted to and the hard work started in earnest. page 14). The AGM also sees two other be writing my The BSI is at the important halfway Trustees finish their terms of office – Anne first column for juncture in our current strategic plan Cooke, our Chair of Forum and Sheena Immunology News. and we felt that this was an appropriate Cruickshank, our Public Engagement Let me start off by time to review our activities, evaluate our Secretary. Our thanks go to both of them saying hello to you successes and where we could do better, for dedication, hard work and vision which all and thank you as well as checking that the organisation has allowed the BSI to hugely expand to everyone who is still on the right track for the future. its activities during their time in office. has made me feel In addition to conducting a membership We will also look forward to welcoming so welcome so survey (read the results on page 17), the our new appointees. Arne Akbar will join quickly. As we all know it’s such an exciting Trustees have been hard at work on this as our new President and, having spent time for immunology. From decades of review, which culminated in an away quite a bit of time with Arne in my first hard work we are now beginning to see day, with a particular focus on how our couple of months, I am incredibly excited the recognition that immunology deserves strategic plan holds up in the current about his vision for BSI and thoroughly through the recent Nobel prizes and external environment. You’ll be pleased looking forward to working with him. We the development of new immune-based to hear that our consensus was that we will also welcome Ann Ager as Chair of therapies, which are transforming the are on the right course, with our focus Forum, Divya Shah as Trustee, Emma treatment landscape and, quite literally, on membership, supporting careers Chambers as Early Careers Trustee and saving lives. As a previous immunology and driving change on multiple fronts Donald Davidson as Public Engagement researcher myself, I couldn’t be more including the public, science bodies and Secretary – again, I am looking forward excited about joining the BSI – immunology Government (including Brexit!). We will to working with all our new faces. is my first love! The role that BSI plays is bring you more news on these discussions Finally, we are holding our AGM at a vital one. Working with the Board and in the next issue of Immunology News. 13:00, Tuesday 11 December in London. the staff, it’s an honour to play my part I’ve been impressed with the number This is an important opportunity for all in creating the best scientific, political of ongoing projects delivered by the members to find out more about our and public environment for immunology team. An undoubted highlight is the work and a chance for you to ask us research to thrive, and for ensuring the BSI’s first ever parliamentary event (see questions about the Society’s activities. outputs of research are translated into page 20). The reception aimed to raise I hope to see many of you there. human and animal health benefits as awareness among parliamentarians of quickly as possible. I look forward to the importance of supporting immunology With best wishes working with you all to deliver our vision. research and its clinical application. I couldn’t have asked for a better start Increasing our profile in this way is key Doug Brown to the BSI than having my first day at the to the success of our future work and we Chief Executive, European Congress of Immunology in hope will be one area (of many!) that will British Society for Immunology Amsterdam! It was a fantastic opportunity make you proud to be a BSI member. Email: [email protected] to meet with so many members, finding The upcoming months see some BSI Inflammation and Edinburgh Immunology Groups present Inflammation: from initiation to restoration 24 – 26 April 2019 | Edinburgh, UK www.immunology.org/inflammation-meeting Immunology News | December 2018 SOCIETY NEWS 5 SOCIETY NEWS We wish you all our readers a very Merry Christmas and happy new year! Trustees update The end of this year sees a number of changes to our Board of Trustees. At our upcoming AGM, BSI President Peter Openshaw will step down after five years in the role – you can read more about his reflections on his time in office with us on page 14. Anne Cooke, our Vice- President and current Chair of Forum, and Sheena Cruickshank, our Public Engagement Secretary, will also finish their terms of office at our AGM in December. The BSI owes an enormous debt of gratitude to all three for the time, energy and care they have put Anne Cooke Sheena Cruickshank into bringing their expertise to bear to develop our strategy, guide our activities position of Chair of Forum.
Recommended publications
  • A Scientist's Life for Me
    NATURE|Vol 455|16 October 2008 AUTUMN BOOKS OPINION A scientist’s life for me Forty years after the publication of James Watson’s The Double Helix, Georgina Ferry asks why the life stories of so few scientists make it into the bookshops. In 1968 Peter Medawar, Nobel prizewinner and author of many witty reflections on sci- ence and its practitioners, consented to write a preface to Ronald Clark’s biography of the influential British biologist J. B. S. Haldane. Imagine Clark’s consternation when he read its opening line: “The lives of academics, considered as Lives, almost always make dull reading.” Later, Medawar recycled the opening paragraph for an essay in his col- lection Pluto’s Republic (1982), claiming further that scientists’ lives, unlike those of “artists and men of letters”, were “not a source of cultural insight”. James Watson’s The Double Helix, a book that broke the mould of scientific life-writing, also appeared in 1968. It provided abundant ‘cultural insight’ into the combination of good contacts, brilliance, luck, hard work and ruth- less competitiveness that brought to light the DNA structure. It was panned by many of Watson’s contemporaries — if Francis Crick had got his way, the book would never have been published. Yet in his own memoir What modern laboratory Mad Pursuit (1988), Crick later admitted that life? Scientific life-writing is now publishers. Most people have he was wrong: “I now appreciate how skilful a small and shrinking enterprise. Publishers heard of very few scientists, so those that they Jim was, not only in making the book read agree that the market for scholarly biography do recognize — Isaac Newton, Charles Dar- like a detective story, but also by managing to has suffered from the onslaught of celebrity win and Albert Einstein — seem the safest bets.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rhesus Factor and Disease Prevention
    THE RHESUS FACTOR AND DISEASE PREVENTION The transcript of a Witness Seminar held by the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, London, on 3 June 2003 Edited by D T Zallen, D A Christie and E M Tansey Volume 22 2004 ©The Trustee of the Wellcome Trust, London, 2004 First published by the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, 2004 The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London is funded by the Wellcome Trust, which is a registered charity, no. 210183. ISBN 978 0 85484 099 1 Histmed logo images courtesy Wellcome Library, London. Design and production: Julie Wood at Shift Key Design 020 7241 3704 All volumes are freely available online at: www.history.qmul.ac.uk/research/modbiomed/wellcome_witnesses/ Please cite as : Zallen D T, Christie D A, Tansey E M. (eds) (2004) The Rhesus Factor and Disease Prevention. Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine, vol. 22. London: Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL. CONTENTS Illustrations and credits v Witness Seminars: Meetings and publications;Acknowledgements vii E M Tansey and D A Christie Introduction Doris T Zallen xix Transcript Edited by D T Zallen, D A Christie and E M Tansey 1 References 61 Biographical notes 75 Glossary 85 Index 89 Key to cover photographs ILLUSTRATIONS AND CREDITS Figure 1 John Walker-Smith performs an exchange transfusion on a newborn with haemolytic disease. Photograph provided by Professor John Walker-Smith. Reproduced with permission of Memoir Club. 13 Figure 2 Radiograph taken on day after amniocentesis for bilirubin assessment and followed by contrast (1975).
    [Show full text]
  • UNESCO Kalinga Prize Winner – 1985 Sir Peter Brian Medawar Nobel Laureate
    Glossary on Kalinga Prize Laureates UNESCO Kalinga Prize Winner – 1985 Sir Peter Brian Medawar Nobel Laureate An Eminent British Scientist of Lebanese Origin, A Biologist and Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine – 1960 [Born : February 28, 1915, Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Died : October 2, 1987 (aged 72) London, United Kingdom] Today the world Changes so quickly that in growing up we take leave not just of youth but of the world we were young in . I suppose we all realize the degree to which fear and resentment of what is new is really a lament for the memories of our childhood. ...Peter Medawar I can not give any scientist of any age better advice than this: the intensity of a conviction that a hypothesis is true has no bearing over whether it is true or not. …Peter Medawar If Politics is the art of the Possible, research is surely the art of the soluble. Both are immensely Practical minded affairs . ...Peter Medawar 1 Glossary on Kalinga Prize Laureates Peter Medawar A Brief Biographical Sketch Born : February 28, 1915 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Died : October 2, 1987 (aged 72) London, United Kingdom Notable Prizes : Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1960), Kalinga Prize, 1985 Sir Peter Brian Medawar (February 28, 1915 – acquired immunological tolerance. This work was October 2, 1987) was a Briazilian – born British used in dealing with skin grafts required after burns. scientist best known for his work on how the immune Medawar’s work resulted in a shift of emphasis in system rejects or accepts tissue transplants.
    [Show full text]
  • Bourne Lecture
    “One Medicine: the Continuum of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science”. Bourne Lecture. 12th February 2007. St Georges Medical School , Grenada. Ian McConnell , Professor of Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, England, United Kingdom. Introduction. Chancellor, Provost , Ladies and Gentlemen. Thank you , Provost, for your generous introduction. It is indeed an honour to be invited to give this years Bourne lecture in memory of Geoffrey Bourne . Geoffrey Bourne , your first Vice Chancellor who as an educator and scientist who had the vision to create here in this marvellous country of Grenada a most remarkable medical school which later evolved under the leadership of Keith Taylor, as Vice Chancellor, into what is today- a thriving and confident young University. St George’s University is an internationally recognised institution of higher education which has set a dynamic global perspective and can rightly claim to be a stratgically important landmark of learning in the West Indies. In this lecture I am going to address the topic of “ One Medicine”. I have chosen this as a topic because it seems appropriate to the St. George’s Medical School and the close relationship it has with the veterinary school. The development of the veterinary school owes much to the foresight and drive of Peter Bourne, who as Vice Chancellor, fostered the development of veterinary medicine. In the long history of both the Medical and the Veterinary Professions and the education of undergraduates in both there has always been a healthy interaction between medicine, veterinary medicine as well as biomedical science. The co-location of a medical school with a veterinary school which you have here is one way to promote this interaction .
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Testing
    GENETIC TESTING The transcript of a Witness Seminar held by the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, London, on 13 July 2001 Edited by D A Christie and E M Tansey Volume 17 2003 CONTENTS Illustrations v Introduction Professor Peter Harper vii Acknowledgements ix Witness Seminars: Meetings and publications xi E M Tansey and D A Christie Transcript Edited by D A Christie and E M Tansey 1 References 73 Biographical notes 91 Glossary 105 Index 115 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1 Triploid cells in a human embryo, 1961. 20 Figure 2 The use of FISH with DNA probes from the X and Y chromosomes to sex human embryos. 62 v vi INTRODUCTION Genetic testing is now such a widespread and important part of medicine that it is hard to realize that it has almost all emerged during the past 30 years, with most of the key workers responsible for the discoveries and development of the field still living and active. This alone makes it a suitable subject for a Witness Seminar but there are others that increase its value, notably the fact that a high proportion of the critical advances took place in the UK; not just the basic scientific research, but also the initial applications in clinical practice, particularly those involving inherited disorders. To see these topics discussed by the people who were actually involved in their creation makes fascinating reading; for myself it is tinged with regret at having been unable to attend and contribute to the seminar, but with some compensation from being able to look at the contributions more objectively than can a participant.
    [Show full text]
  • Illustrations from the Wellcome Institute Library the Chain Papers*
    Medical History, 1983, 27:434-435 ILLUSTRATIONS FROM THE WELLCOME INSTITUTE LIBRARY THE CHAIN PAPERS* THE three men who shared the Nobel Prize in October 1945 for their work on penicillin could scarcely have differed more in their backgrounds and characters. Fleming was sixty-four years old by then; the son of a Scottish farmer, he was a retiring man, not given to conversation. By contrast, Florey, then aged forty-seven, was the son of a wealthy Australian boot and shoe manufacturer; aggressively ambitious, his achievements and intellect were later to secure him the Presidency of the Royal Society. Then there was Chain - a mere thirty-nine years old - a Jewish refugee of Russian origin, who still had major work on penicillin ahead of him; his ambition was mixed with an independence and volubility that was to lead him into conflict with the scientific/medical establishment. Fleming has been the subject of many biographies, mostly hagiographical. Florey's role in the penicillin story was recently reassessed in Gwyn Macfarlane's excellent Howard Florey. The making ofa great scientist (Oxford University Press, 1979). Sir Ernst Boris Chain died in 1979, and his biography is being written by Ronald W. Clark. This, together with future research on Chain's papers, will enable a fuller assessment to be made of the role and character of the youngest of the three scientists. The Chain papers, recently given by Lady Chain to the Contemporary Medical Archives Centre, form an extensive collection of some sixty-nine boxes, comprising material from Chain's personal and professional life.
    [Show full text]
  • The Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London Galen Medal Winners
    The Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London Galen Medal Winners 1926 Prof WE DIXON, BSc, MA, MD, DPH, FRS Pharmacology 1927 Sir Gowland HOPKINS, MA, LLD, DSc, FRCP, FRIC, FRS Discovery of vitamins 1928 Prof JJ ABEL, MD, ScD, LLD Isolation of Adrenaline 1930 Prof E FOURNEAU, Directeur de 1'Institute Pasteur Pharmacology of amino-alcohols 1932 Sir Henry DALE, OM, GBE, MA, MD, FRCP, FRS Neurophysiology 1934 Prof Sir Frederick BANTING, MC, Hon FRCS, DSc, LLD Discovery of Insulin 1946 Sir Alexander FLEMING, FRCP, FRCS, FRS Penicillin Lord FLOREY, MA, MD, FRCP, FRS 1947 F CURD, BSc, PhD D DAVEY, MSc, PhD Discovery of Paludrine F ROSE, BSc, PhD 1948 Sir Lionel WHITBY, CVO, MC, MD, FRCP Sulphonamides 1949 Prof J TREFOUEL, Directeur de 1'Institute Pasteur Sulphonamides 1951 Prof Sir Charles DODDS, Bt, MVO, MD, FRCP, FRS Biochemistry 1953 Sir Charles HARINGTON, MA, PhD, FRS Synthesised Thyroxin 1954 EL SMITH, DSc, FRIC Vitamin B12 1955 Lord BROCK, MS, FRCS Cardiac surgery 1957 Prof Sir Ernst CHAIN, MA, DPhil, FRS Production of Penicillin 1958 Sir Macfarlane BURNET, OM, MD, FRCP, FRS Vaccines for virus infections 1959 Prof Sir Bradford HILL, CBE, PhD, DSc, FRS Medical statistics 1960 Sir Tudor THOMAS, DSc, MD, MS, FRCS Corneo-plastic surgery 1961 Prof R PATERSON, CBE, MC, MD, FRCS, FFR Radiotherapy 1962 Prof W PENFIELD, OM, CMG, MD, DSc, FRS Neurosurgery & Neurophysiology 1963 Prof Sir Alexander HADDOW, MD, DSc, PhD, FRS Experimental pathology & cancer research 1964 FP DOYLE, MSc, FRIC Chemical & biological GN ROLINSON, BSc, PhD development
    [Show full text]
  • December 21, 2004 How to Be a Successful Scientist Paul Thagard University of Waterloo [email protected] Thagard, P. (2005)
    How to Be a Successful Scientist Paul Thagard University of Waterloo [email protected] Thagard, P. (2005). How to be a successful scientist. In M. E. Gorman, R. D. Tweney, D. C. Gooding & A. P. Kincannon (Eds.), Scientific and technological thinking (pp. 159- 171). Mawah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Introduction Studies in the history, philosophy, sociology, and psychology of science and technology have gathered much information about important cases of scientific development. These cases usually concern the most successful scientists and inventors, such as Darwin, Einstein, and Edison. But case studies rarely address the question of what made these investigators more accomplished than the legions of scientific laborers whose names have been forgotten. This chapter is an attempt to identify many of the psychological and other factors that make some scientists highly successful. I explore two sources of information about routes to scientific achievement. The first derives from a survey that Jeff Shrager conducted at the Workshop on Cognitive Studies of Science and Technology at the University of Virginia in March, 2001. He asked the participants to list “7 habits of highly creative people”, and after the workshop he and I compiled a list of habits recommended by the distinguished group of historians, philosophers, and psychologists at the workshop. My second source of information about the factors contributing to scientific success is advice given by three distinguished biologists who each won a Nobel prize: Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Peter Medawar, and James Watson. These biologists provide advice that usefully supplements the suggestions from the workshop participants. December 21, 2004 Habits of Highly Creative People When Jeff Shrager asked the workshop participants to submit suggestions for a list of “7 habits of highly creative people”, I was skeptical that they would come up with anything less trite than work hard and be smart.
    [Show full text]
  • Gerald Edelman - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Gerald Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Gerald Edelman From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Main page Gerald Maurice Edelman (born July 1, 1929) is an Contents American biologist who shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in Gerald Maurice Edelman Featured content Physiology or Medicine for work with Rodney Robert Born July 1, 1929 (age 83) Current events Porter on the immune system.[1] Edelman's Nobel Prize- Ozone Park, Queens, New York Nationality Random article winning research concerned discovery of the structure of American [2] Fields Donate to Wikipedia antibody molecules. In interviews, he has said that the immunology; neuroscience way the components of the immune system evolve over Alma Ursinus College, University of Interaction the life of the individual is analogous to the way the mater Pennsylvania School of Medicine Help components of the brain evolve in a lifetime. There is a Known for immune system About Wikipedia continuity in this way between his work on the immune system, for which he won the Nobel Prize, and his later Notable Nobel Prize in Physiology or Community portal work in neuroscience and in philosophy of mind. awards Medicine in 1972 Recent changes Contact Wikipedia Contents [hide] Toolbox 1 Education and career 2 Nobel Prize Print/export 2.1 Disulphide bonds 2.2 Molecular models of antibody structure Languages 2.3 Antibody sequencing 2.4 Topobiology 3 Theory of consciousness Беларуская 3.1 Neural Darwinism Български 4 Evolution Theory Català 5 Personal Deutsch 6 See also Español 7 References Euskara 8 Bibliography Français 9 Further reading 10 External links Hrvatski Ido Education and career [edit] Bahasa Indonesia Italiano Gerald Edelman was born in 1929 in Ozone Park, Queens, New York to Jewish parents, physician Edward Edelman, and Anna Freedman Edelman, who worked in the insurance industry.[3] After עברית Kiswahili being raised in New York, he attended college in Pennsylvania where he graduated magna cum Nederlands laude with a B.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Coombs Test Direct Vs Indirect Hoodcity
    Coombs Test Direct Vs Indirect Epistolary and sunlit Tad lathees almost errantly, though Iain handsels his intima tooms. Jasper invaded probabilistically? If dodgy or sensualistic Roice usually peptonizes his Med dragging somehow or minimizing next and subtly, how Johnsonian is Gideon? Named after which the coombs test vs indirect antiglobulin tests are also be administered Much of circulating, if you may vary in addition to rh factor and identification. Incubate the coombs test is rh positive it was too early. Off disease is called antibodies produced against foreign red blood is being tested get coated the test. Realized the red blood is no antibodies with relevant or stinging. Muscle to detect the blood sample should not made by dr robin coombs. Binds to do the direct coombs results mean that once the final phase of an rh sensitization. Coated the iat; thanks for the direct coombs test in its full name and in writing. Morning urine sample is relatively rare occurance, dysregulation of both positives, and the ahg. Vivo antibody test direct coombs test is where the cells by the role of d is detected in lower the back. Increased immunoglobulin coating target human, and a posttransfusion specimen requirement, i have the results. Suggests that attack harmful to blood cells is not provide and incubated. Stop the test direct vs indirect coombs test, the naked eye at all reasonable care in brucellosis and funny blog post above to high protein called rh antigens. Ig antibodies on the test is unrecognized and you refresh my discussion to their mother who invented it with the post for.
    [Show full text]
  • Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine
    WELLCOME WITNESSES TO TWENTIETH CENTURY MEDICINE _______________________________________________________________ TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN BRITAIN: THE CASE OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES ______________________________________________ SELF AND NON-SELF: A HISTORY OF AUTOIMMUNITY ______________________ ENDOGENOUS OPIATES _____________________________________ THE COMMITTEE ON SAFETY OF DRUGS __________________________________ WITNESS SEMINAR TRANSCRIPTS EDITED BY: E M TANSEY P P CATTERALL D A CHRISTIE S V WILLHOFT L A REYNOLDS Volume One – April 1997 CONTENTS WHAT IS A WITNESS SEMINAR? i E M TANSEY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN BRITAIN: THE CASE OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES EDITORS: E M TANSEY AND P P CATTERALL TRANSCRIPT 1 INDEX 33 SELF AND NON-SELF: A HISTORY OF AUTOIMMUNITY EDITORS: E M TANSEY, S V WILLHOFT AND D A CHRISTIE TRANSCRIPT 35 INDEX 65 ENDOGENOUS OPIATES EDITORS: E M TANSEY AND D A CHRISTIE TRANSCRIPT 67 INDEX 100 THE COMMITTEE ON SAFETY OF DRUGS EDITORS: E M TANSEY AND L A REYNOLDS TRANSCRIPT 103 INDEX 133 WHAT IS A WITNESS SEMINAR? Advances in medical science and medical practice throughout the twentieth century, and especially after the Second World War, have proceeded at such a pace, and with such an intensity, that they provide new and genuine challenges to historians. Scientists and clinicians themselves frequently bemoan the rate at which published material proliferates in their disciplines, and the near impossibility of ‘keeping up with the literature’. Pity, then, the poor historian, trying to make sense of this mass of published data, scouring archives for unpublished accounts and illuminating details, and attempting throughout to comprehend, contextualize, reconstruct and convey to others the stories of the recent past and their significance. The extensive published record of modern medicine and medical science raises particular problems for historians: it is often presented in a piecemeal but formal fashion, sometimes seemingly designed to conceal rather than reveal the processes by which scientific medicine is conducted.
    [Show full text]
  • Contributions of Civilizations to International Prizes
    CONTRIBUTIONS OF CIVILIZATIONS TO INTERNATIONAL PRIZES Split of Nobel prizes and Fields medals by civilization : PHYSICS .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 CHEMISTRY .................................................................................................................................................................... 2 PHYSIOLOGY / MEDECINE .............................................................................................................................................. 3 LITERATURE ................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ECONOMY ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 MATHEMATICS (Fields) .................................................................................................................................................. 5 PHYSICS Occidental / Judeo-christian (198) Alekseï Abrikossov / Zhores Alferov / Hannes Alfvén / Eric Allin Cornell / Luis Walter Alvarez / Carl David Anderson / Philip Warren Anderson / EdWard Victor Appleton / ArthUr Ashkin / John Bardeen / Barry C. Barish / Nikolay Basov / Henri BecqUerel / Johannes Georg Bednorz / Hans Bethe / Gerd Binnig / Patrick Blackett / Felix Bloch / Nicolaas Bloembergen
    [Show full text]