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Ice & Stone 2020
Ice & Stone 2020 WEEK 12: MARCH 15-21, 2020 Presented by The Earthrise Institute # 12 Authored by Alan Hale the Earthrise Institute Simply stated, the mission of the Earthrise Institute is to use astronomy, space, and other related endeavors as a tool for breaking down international and intercultural barriers, and for bringing humanity together. The Earthrise Institute took its name from the images of Earth taken from lunar orbit by the Apollo astronauts. These images, which have captivated people from around the planet, show our Earth as one small, beautiful jewel in space, completely absent of any arbitrary political divisions or boundaries. They have provided new inspiration to protect what is right now the only home we have, and they encourage us to treat the other human beings who live on this planet as fellow residents and citizens of that home. They show, moreover, that we are all in this together, and that anything we do involves all of us. In that spirit, the Earthrise Institute has sought to preserve and enhance the ideals contained within the Earthrise images via a variety of activities. It is developing educational programs and curricula that utilize astronomical and space-related topics to teach younger generations and to lay the foundations so that they are in a position to create a positive future for humanity. Alan Hale Alan Hale began working at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, as an engineering contractor for the Deep Space Network in 1983. While at JPL he was involved with several spacecraft projects, most notably the Voyager 2 encounter with the planet Uranus in 1986. -
The British Astronomical Association Handbook 2017
THE HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH ASTRONOMICAL ASSOCIATION 2017 2016 October ISSN 0068–130–X CONTENTS PREFACE . 2 HIGHLIGHTS FOR 2017 . 3 CALENDAR 2017 . 4 SKY DIARY . .. 5-6 SUN . 7-9 ECLIPSES . 10-15 APPEARANCE OF PLANETS . 16 VISIBILITY OF PLANETS . 17 RISING AND SETTING OF THE PLANETS IN LATITUDES 52°N AND 35°S . 18-19 PLANETS – EXPLANATION OF TABLES . 20 ELEMENTS OF PLANETARY ORBITS . 21 MERCURY . 22-23 VENUS . 24 EARTH . 25 MOON . 25 LUNAR LIBRATION . 26 MOONRISE AND MOONSET . 27-31 SUN’S SELENOGRAPHIC COLONGITUDE . 32 LUNAR OCCULTATIONS . 33-39 GRAZING LUNAR OCCULTATIONS . 40-41 MARS . 42-43 ASTEROIDS . 44 ASTEROID EPHEMERIDES . 45-50 ASTEROID OCCULTATIONS .. ... 51-53 ASTEROIDS: FAVOURABLE OBSERVING OPPORTUNITIES . 54-56 NEO CLOSE APPROACHES TO EARTH . 57 JUPITER . .. 58-62 SATELLITES OF JUPITER . .. 62-66 JUPITER ECLIPSES, OCCULTATIONS AND TRANSITS . 67-76 SATURN . 77-80 SATELLITES OF SATURN . 81-84 URANUS . 85 NEPTUNE . 86 TRANS–NEPTUNIAN & SCATTERED-DISK OBJECTS . 87 DWARF PLANETS . 88-91 COMETS . 92-96 METEOR DIARY . 97-99 VARIABLE STARS (RZ Cassiopeiae; Algol; λ Tauri) . 100-101 MIRA STARS . 102 VARIABLE STAR OF THE YEAR (T Cassiopeiæ) . .. 103-105 EPHEMERIDES OF VISUAL BINARY STARS . 106-107 BRIGHT STARS . 108 ACTIVE GALAXIES . 109 TIME . 110-111 ASTRONOMICAL AND PHYSICAL CONSTANTS . 112-113 INTERNET RESOURCES . 114-115 GREEK ALPHABET . 115 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS / ERRATA . 116 Front Cover: Northern Lights - taken from Mount Storsteinen, near Tromsø, on 2007 February 14. A great effort taking a 13 second exposure in a wind chill of -21C (Pete Lawrence) British Astronomical Association HANDBOOK FOR 2017 NINETY–SIXTH YEAR OF PUBLICATION BURLINGTON HOUSE, PICCADILLY, LONDON, W1J 0DU Telephone 020 7734 4145 PREFACE Welcome to the 96th Handbook of the British Astronomical Association. -
Volume 30, Issue 1 January 1997 the Official
PRINTED MATTER The Official Publication of the Hamilton Centre of the Royal Astronomical January 1997 Volume 30, Issue 1 Society of Canada CR399: The Coathanger Yes, everyone’s favourite cluster actually has a desig- nation. Many will have seen the famous Coathanger in Vulpecula when looking for M27 or other deep sky de- lights. Contents: Editorial Colin A. Haig 2 The President’s Monthly Report Richard Petrone 3 Minutes of December General Meeting Ray Badgerow 5 Return to Mars Ray Badgerow 5 Winnipeg Centre On-line Andora Jackson, 7 Winnipeg Centre Warped Space Douglas Monk 8 Texas Star Party Texas Star Party 9 Staff Carl Sagan AP News Wire 10 Space Calendar NASA 11 Biblical Cosmology John Kezys 13 Buy, Sell, Swap 14 Bob’s Comet Thoughts Bob Botts 15 Limiting Magnitudes Les Nagy 16 Hamilton Centre Info and Calendar 18 Membership Application Form 19 Editorial Orbit - January 1997 Orbit - January 1997 Membership Application n behalf of the Hamilton Centre of the RASC, I would like to extend a hearty welcome to the many new members that have joined in the past few months. Application for Membership in the Hamilton Centre of the RASC. Annual Personally, I am pleased to see so many of you getting involved with observing membership officially commences October 1. We welcome people of all ages, skills, sessions, workshops, and sending me the occassional article. Welcome Aboard! and interests in things Astronomical. Please make your cheque payable to: “RASC Hamilton Centre” and mail to the Treasurer c/o the address on the back. Associate This month, we are trying a new format for Orbit, it is a little bolder, and there are membership is for those in other Astronomy Clubs. -
Reconstructing the Size Distribution of the Primordial Main Belt
Reconstructing the size distribution of the primordial Main Belt G. Tsirvoulisa,b,∗, A. Morbidellib, M. Delbob, K. Tsiganisc aAstronomical Observatory, Volgina 7, 11060 Belgrade 38, Serbia bObservatoire de la C^oted'Azur, Boulevard de l'Observatoire, 06304 Nice, France cDepartment of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece Abstract In this work we aim to constrain the slope of the size distribution of main-belt asteroids, at their primordial state. To do so we turn out attention to the part of the main asteroid belt between 2.82 and 2.96 AU, the so-called \pristine zone", which has a low number density of asteroids and few, well separated asteroid families. Exploiting these unique characteristics, and using a modified version of the hierarchical clustering method we are able to remove the majority of asteroid family members from the region. The remaining, background asteroids should be of primordial origin, as the strong 5/2 and 7/3 mean-motion resonances with Jupiter inhibit transfer of asteroids to and from the neighboring regions. The size-frequency distribution of asteroids in the size range 17 < D(km) < 70 has a slope q ' −1. Using Monte-Carlo methods, we are able to simulate, and com- pensate for the collisional and dynamical evolution of the asteroid population, and get an upper bound for its size distribution slope q = −1:43. In addition, applying the same 'family extraction' method to the neighboring regions, i.e. the middle and outer belts, and comparing the size distributions of the respec- tive background populations, we find statistical evidence that no large asteroid families of primordial origin had formed in the middle or pristine zones. -
Aqueous Alteration on Main Belt Primitive Asteroids: Results from Visible Spectroscopy1
Aqueous alteration on main belt primitive asteroids: results from visible spectroscopy1 S. Fornasier1,2, C. Lantz1,2, M.A. Barucci1, M. Lazzarin3 1 LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Univ. Paris Diderot, 5 Place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon Pricipal Cedex, France 2 Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cit´e, 4 rue Elsa Morante, 75205 Paris Cedex 13 3 Department of Physics and Astronomy of the University of Padova, Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova, Italy Submitted to Icarus: November 2013, accepted on 28 January 2014 e-mail: [email protected]; fax: +33145077144; phone: +33145077746 Manuscript pages: 38; Figures: 13 ; Tables: 5 Running head: Aqueous alteration on primitive asteroids Send correspondence to: Sonia Fornasier LESIA-Observatoire de Paris arXiv:1402.0175v1 [astro-ph.EP] 2 Feb 2014 Batiment 17 5, Place Jules Janssen 92195 Meudon Cedex France e-mail: [email protected] 1Based on observations carried out at the European Southern Observatory (ESO), La Silla, Chile, ESO proposals 062.S-0173 and 064.S-0205 (PI M. Lazzarin) Preprint submitted to Elsevier September 27, 2018 fax: +33145077144 phone: +33145077746 2 Aqueous alteration on main belt primitive asteroids: results from visible spectroscopy1 S. Fornasier1,2, C. Lantz1,2, M.A. Barucci1, M. Lazzarin3 Abstract This work focuses on the study of the aqueous alteration process which acted in the main belt and produced hydrated minerals on the altered asteroids. Hydrated minerals have been found mainly on Mars surface, on main belt primitive asteroids and possibly also on few TNOs. These materials have been produced by hydration of pristine anhydrous silicates during the aqueous alteration process, that, to be active, needed the presence of liquid water under low temperature conditions (below 320 K) to chemically alter the minerals. -
The Minor Planet Bulletin
THE MINOR PLANET BULLETIN OF THE MINOR PLANETS SECTION OF THE BULLETIN ASSOCIATION OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY OBSERVERS VOLUME 38, NUMBER 2, A.D. 2011 APRIL-JUNE 71. LIGHTCURVES OF 10452 ZUEV, (14657) 1998 YU27, AND (15700) 1987 QD Gary A. Vander Haagen Stonegate Observatory, 825 Stonegate Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 [email protected] (Received: 28 October) Lightcurve observations and analysis revealed the following periods and amplitudes for three asteroids: 10452 Zuev, 9.724 ± 0.002 h, 0.38 ± 0.03 mag; (14657) 1998 YU27, 15.43 ± 0.03 h, 0.21 ± 0.05 mag; and (15700) 1987 QD, 9.71 ± 0.02 h, 0.16 ± 0.05 mag. Photometric data of three asteroids were collected using a 0.43- meter PlaneWave f/6.8 corrected Dall-Kirkham astrograph, a SBIG ST-10XME camera, and V-filter at Stonegate Observatory. The camera was binned 2x2 with a resulting image scale of 0.95 arc- seconds per pixel. Image exposures were 120 seconds at –15C. Candidates for analysis were selected using the MPO2011 Asteroid Viewing Guide and all photometric data were obtained and analyzed using MPO Canopus (Bdw Publishing, 2010). Published asteroid lightcurve data were reviewed in the Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB; Warner et al., 2009). The magnitudes in the plots (Y-axis) are not sky (catalog) values but differentials from the average sky magnitude of the set of comparisons. The value in the Y-axis label, “alpha”, is the solar phase angle at the time of the first set of observations. All data were corrected to this phase angle using G = 0.15, unless otherwise stated. -
The Minor Planet Bulletin
THE MINOR PLANET BULLETIN OF THE MINOR PLANETS SECTION OF THE BULLETIN ASSOCIATION OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY OBSERVERS VOLUME 35, NUMBER 3, A.D. 2008 JULY-SEPTEMBER 95. ASTEROID LIGHTCURVE ANALYSIS AT SCT/ST-9E, or 0.35m SCT/STL-1001E. Depending on the THE PALMER DIVIDE OBSERVATORY: binning used, the scale for the images ranged from 1.2-2.5 DECEMBER 2007 – MARCH 2008 arcseconds/pixel. Exposure times were 90–240 s. Most observations were made with no filter. On occasion, e.g., when a Brian D. Warner nearly full moon was present, an R filter was used to decrease the Palmer Divide Observatory/Space Science Institute sky background noise. Guiding was used in almost all cases. 17995 Bakers Farm Rd., Colorado Springs, CO 80908 [email protected] All images were measured using MPO Canopus, which employs differential aperture photometry to determine the values used for (Received: 6 March) analysis. Period analysis was also done using MPO Canopus, which incorporates the Fourier analysis algorithm developed by Harris (1989). Lightcurves for 17 asteroids were obtained at the Palmer Divide Observatory from December 2007 to early The results are summarized in the table below, as are individual March 2008: 793 Arizona, 1092 Lilium, 2093 plots. The data and curves are presented without comment except Genichesk, 3086 Kalbaugh, 4859 Fraknoi, 5806 when warranted. Column 3 gives the full range of dates of Archieroy, 6296 Cleveland, 6310 Jankonke, 6384 observations; column 4 gives the number of data points used in the Kervin, (7283) 1989 TX15, 7560 Spudis, (7579) 1990 analysis. Column 5 gives the range of phase angles. -
The Handbook of the British Astronomical Association
THE HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH ASTRONOMICAL ASSOCIATION 2012 Saturn’s great white spot of 2011 2011 October ISSN 0068-130-X CONTENTS CALENDAR 2012 . 2 PREFACE. 3 HIGHLIGHTS FOR 2012. 4 SKY DIARY . .. 5 VISIBILITY OF PLANETS. 6 RISING AND SETTING OF THE PLANETS IN LATITUDES 52°N AND 35°S. 7-8 ECLIPSES . 9-15 TIME. 16-17 EARTH AND SUN. 18-20 MOON . 21 SUN’S SELENOGRAPHIC COLONGITUDE. 22 MOONRISE AND MOONSET . 23-27 LUNAR OCCULTATIONS . 28-34 GRAZING LUNAR OCCULTATIONS. 35-36 PLANETS – EXPLANATION OF TABLES. 37 APPEARANCE OF PLANETS. 38 MERCURY. 39-40 VENUS. 41 MARS. 42-43 ASTEROIDS AND DWARF PLANETS. 44-60 JUPITER . 61-64 SATELLITES OF JUPITER . 65-79 SATURN. 80-83 SATELLITES OF SATURN . 84-87 URANUS. 88 NEPTUNE. 89 COMETS. 90-96 METEOR DIARY . 97-99 VARIABLE STARS . 100-105 Algol; λ Tauri; RZ Cassiopeiae; Mira Stars; eta Geminorum EPHEMERIDES OF DOUBLE STARS . 106-107 BRIGHT STARS . 108 ACTIVE GALAXIES . 109 INTERNET RESOURCES. 110-111 GREEK ALPHABET. 111 ERRATA . 112 Front Cover: Saturn’s great white spot of 2011: Image taken on 2011 March 21 00:10 UT by Damian Peach using a 356mm reflector and PGR Flea3 camera from Selsey, UK. Processed with Registax and Photoshop. British Astronomical Association HANDBOOK FOR 2012 NINETY-FIRST YEAR OF PUBLICATION BURLINGTON HOUSE, PICCADILLY, LONDON, W1J 0DU Telephone 020 7734 4145 2 CALENDAR 2012 January February March April May June July August September October November December Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Month Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year 1 Sun. -
The Minor Planet Bulletin, It Is a Pleasure to Announce the Appointment of Brian D
THE MINOR PLANET BULLETIN OF THE MINOR PLANETS SECTION OF THE BULLETIN ASSOCIATION OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY OBSERVERS VOLUME 33, NUMBER 1, A.D. 2006 JANUARY-MARCH 1. LIGHTCURVE AND ROTATION PERIOD Observatory (Observatory code 926) near Nogales, Arizona. The DETERMINATION FOR MINOR PLANET 4006 SANDLER observatory is located at an altitude of 1312 meters and features a 0.81 m F7 Ritchey-Chrétien telescope and a SITe 1024 x 1024 x Matthew T. Vonk 24 micron CCD. Observations were conducted on (UT dates) Daniel J. Kopchinski January 29, February 7, 8, 2005. A total of 37 unfiltered images Amanda R. Pittman with exposure times of 120 seconds were analyzed using Canopus. Stephen Taubel The lightcurve, shown in the figure below, indicates a period of Department of Physics 3.40 ± 0.01 hours and an amplitude of 0.16 magnitude. University of Wisconsin – River Falls 410 South Third Street Acknowledgements River Falls, WI 54022 [email protected] Thanks to Michael Schwartz and Paulo Halvorcem for their great work at Tenagra Observatory. (Received: 25 July) References Minor planet 4006 Sandler was observed during January Schmadel, L. D. (1999). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. and February of 2005. The synodic period was Springer: Berlin, Germany. 4th Edition. measured and determined to be 3.40 ± 0.01 hours with an amplitude of 0.16 magnitude. Warner, B. D. and Alan Harris, A. (2004) “Potential Lightcurve Targets 2005 January – March”, www.minorplanetobserver.com/ astlc/targets_1q_2005.htm Minor planet 4006 Sandler was discovered by the Russian astronomer Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova in 1972. (Schmadel, 1999) It orbits the sun with an orbit that varies between 2.058 AU and 2.975 AU which locates it in the heart of the main asteroid belt. -
Occultation Newsletter Volume 8, Number 4
Volume 9, Number 2 May 2002 $5.00 North Am./$6.25 Other International Occultation Timing Association, Inc. (IOTA) In this Issue Articles Page (701) Oriola observations (4/21/2002) . .. 4 The Newly Confirmed Binary Star, 43 Tau or Zodiacal Catalog 614 . 5 Uncertainty Is Not the Same As Standard Error . .. 5 The Spectacular Grazing Occultation of Jupiter On August 18, 1990 . 7 Occultations and Small Bodies . .. .. 8 Resources Page What to Send to Whom . 3 Membership and Subscription Information . 3 IOTA Publications. 3 The Offices and Officers of IOTA . 13 IOTA European Section (IOTA/ES) . 13 IOTA on the World Wide Web. Back Cover IOTA’s Telephone Network . Back Cover ON THE COVER: A drawing of chords from the data obtained during the Occultation of HIP 19388 by 345 Tercidina. Image from http://sorry.vse.cz/~ludek/mp/results/ A WWW page maintained by Jan Manek, [email protected] Publication Date: December 2002 2 Occultation Newsletter, Volume 9, Number 2; May 2002 International Occultation Timing Association, Inc. (IOTA) What to Send to Whom Membership and Subscription Information All payments made to IOTA must be in United States Send new and renewal memberships and subscriptions, back funds and drawn on a US bank, or by credit card charge to issue requests, address changes, email address changes, graze VISA or MasterCard. If you use VISA or MasterCard, include prediction requests, reimbursement requests, special requests, your account number, expiration date, and signature. (Do not and other IOTA business, but not observation reports, to: send credit card information through e-mail. It is neither secure Art Lucas nor safe to do so.) Make all payments to IOTA and send them Secretary & Treasurer to the Secretary & Treasurer at the address on the left. -
The Complete the Complete Guide to Guide to Guide to Observing Observing Lunar, Grazing and Lunar, Grazing and Asteroid Occulta
The Complete Guide to Observing Lunar, Grazing and Asteroid Occultations Published by the International Occultation Timing Association Richard Nugent, Editor Copyright 2007 International Occultation Timing Association, Richard Nugent, Editor. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed or copied in any manner without the written permission from the Editor in Chief. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under the 1976 United States Copyright Act and with the written permission of the Editor and Publisher. Request to the Editor should be sent via email: [email protected]. While the Editor, Authors and Publisher have made their best efforts in preparing the IOTA Occultation Manual, they make no representation or warranties with respect to the accuracy and completeness regard to its contents. The Publisher, Editor and Authors specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness of the material presented herein for any purpose. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation and the reader and/or user assumes full responsibility for using and attempting the methods and techniques presented. Neither the publisher nor the authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages and any loss or injury. Persons are advised that occultation observations involve substantial risk and are advised to take the necessary precautions before attempting such observations. Editor in Chief: Richard Nugent Assistant Editor: Lydia Lousteaux Contributors: Trudy E. -
1903Aj 23 . . . 22K 22 the Asteojsomic Al
22 THE ASTEOJSOMIC AL JOUENAL. Nos- 531-532 22K . Taking into account the smallness of the weights in- concerned. Through the use of these tables the positions . volved, the individual differences which make up the and motions of many stars not included in the present 23 groups in the preceding table agree^very well. catalogue can be brought into systematic harmony with it, and apparently without materially less accuracy for the in- dividual stars than could be reached by special compu- Tables of Systematic Correction for N2 and A. tations for these stars in conformity with the system of B. 1903AJ The results of the foregoing comparisons. have been This is especially true of the star-places computed by utilized to form tables of systematic corrections for ISr2, An, Dr. Auwers in the catalogues, Ai and As. As will be seen Ai and As. In right-ascension no distinction is necessary by reference to the catalogue the positions and motions of between the various catalogues published by Dr. Auwers, south polar stars taken from N2 agree better with the beginning with the Fundamental-G at alo g ; but in decli- results of this investigation than do those taken from As, nation the distinction between the northern, intermediate, which, in turn, are quoted from the Cape Catalogue for and southern catalogues must be preserved, so far as is 1890. SYSTEMATIC COBEECTIOEB : CEDEE OF DECLINATIONS. Eight-Ascensions ; Cokrections, ¿las and 100z//xtf. Declinations; Corrections, Æs and IOOzZ/x^. B — ISa B —A B —N2 B —An B —Ai âas 100 â[is âas 100 âgô âSs 100