Introduction of NARBO

Eng. Sudharma Elakanda Project Director –11‐02‐2015 NARBO History & Secretariat

History : NARBO is the Network of Asian River Basin Organizations. Announced at the 3rd World Water Forum in March 2003, NARBO was officially established in February 2004 to promote integrated water resources management (IWRM) in monsoon areas of Asia.

Letter of Intent for NARBO Secretariat of NARBO : 1st NARBO General Meeting in 2004 NARBO was funded by Asian Development Bank (ADB), Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), and Japan Water Agency (JWA). From 2010, Center for River Basin Organizations and Management (CRBOM) joined secretariat. Objective & Members of NARBO

Objective : To strengthen the capacity and effectiveness of RBOs in promoting IWRM and improving water governance, through training & exchange of information and experiences among RBOs and their water sector agencies & knowledge partner organizations. Members : 84 organizations from 18 countries

31 RBOs, 21 Government Organizations, 22 Regional Knowledge Partners, 9 Inter Regional Knowledge Partners, 1 Development Cooperation Agency

Finding “needs” through networking activities

3 NARBO Official

Senior Advisors Chairperson Mr. Keizrul Bin Abdullah Mr. Basuki Hadimoeljono Malaysia Indonesia

Mr. Apichart Anukularmphai

Thailand Vice‐ Mr. Ivan de Silva Chairperson Mr. Mochammad Amron Indonesia Ms. Dolora Nepomuceno Philippines

Mr. Wouter Lincklaen Arriens Netherland

Mr. Tjoek Walujo Subijanto Mr. Herman Idrus Indonesia Indonesia Activities of NARBO

Major Five Activities: Facilitate to establish and strengthen RBOs

Information Sharing （website, news letter, annual report） Thematic workshops

Twining Program IWRM Training RBO Performance New Challenges (our flagship activity) Benchmarking  IWRM Proficiency Certificate Program  National Chapters –in‐country seminars and training, using their languages

5 Information Sharing

 NARBO Webpage –The entrance to grasp NARBO & its activities  Newsletter ‐ To inform member of on going NARBO activities  Publication ‐ To disseminate IWRM approach and lesson learned from NARBO activities

Webpage Newsletter Publication 6 Twinning Program

Twinning Program is a program to exchange NARBO member staff to share each experience, knowledge and technology of IWRM. Now, agreement was made between JWA and K‐Water, Indonesia NARBO, Sri Lanka and Viet Nam NARBO, and staff was exchanged among these organizations. As results of ‘Twinning Program’ , some investment projects and capacity development projects have been explored.

7 IWRM Guideline – tool for IWRM dissemination

 Prepared by UNESCO, Government of Japan (MLIT) and NARBO.  Launched at the 5th World Water Forum in Turkey 2009

IWRM session by UNESCO in 6th World Water Forum UNESCO IWRM workshop in Kenya (2012) JWA as Chairperson of NARBO chaired lecturer the session 8 Topics of IWRM

•Water security • Water‐food‐energy nexus • Basin roadmaps and investment program • Drought management • Groundwater management • RBO benchmarking and peer review process • Institutional arrangements for IWRM • Environmental flows • Computer modeling • RBO decision‐making and data sharing • leadership for IWRM • Others NARBO 10 year Anniversary

10 year Anniversary meeting was held in 19‐20 Nov, 2014 in Manila.

Ardently discussed Past Achievement and Future Direction of our activities. Manila Declaration

• NARBO members agreed future direction of its activities as a “Manila Declaration” based on discussion.

• “Manila Declaration” advocates ‐ continue to endeavor gender balance in our activities. ‐ strive to collaborate with water/non‐ water organization to have water be key in soci0 economic framework. ‐ contribute to achieve international goals on IWRM etc・・・・・ Water Environment and NARBO (1)

From view point of Water Security, in Asia and the Pacific region are threatening in many aspect of water . ‐ “Asian Water Development Outlook 2013” reports ・80% of river in Asia are not sanitized. ・60% of households are not be able to access to fresh water. ・About 80% of waste water discharges is not Source: ADB discharged properly. Source: ADB

‐ “United Nations World Water Development Report” also said in 2013, “The ecological carrying capacity of the region is increasingly affected by the deteriorating water quality of water bodies.” Improving water quality” is pressing issue in Asia and the Pacific to assure prosperity. Water Environment and NARBO(2)

According to recent survey, many member organizations recognize “Water Quality” to be addressed .

Current Issues on Water Resources Management from Member Countries of NARBO country Answer(abstract)

(1) Watershed degradation Indonesia (2) Limited water availability (3) Water quality degradation

(1) Illegal dumping site at river reservation. Malaysia (2) High turbidity and sediment due to earthwork (3) Drainage and municipal waste

(1) the impacts of pollution, (5) siltation (2) flooding, (6) loss of biodiversity. Philippines (3) shore land encroachment, (4) forest denudation,

(1) Water pollution Thailand (2) Flood (3) Drought

(1) The waste in using water resources. (2) Contaminated water resources. Viet Nam (3) The exploitation and use of water resources. (4) Discharge of wastewater into water sources without license. (5) Discharge of untreated wastewater or treated less water standards into water sources. Water Environment and NARBO(3)

 To improve issue of water environment in the Asia and Pacific , being aware of coordinating sectoral perspective will be more required.

 Striking balance with water quality and quantity is indispensable for assuring economic growth in this region. Water Environment and NARBO(4)

NARBO recognizes “Thematic Workshops” as one of important opportunity of Capacity Building and put much value on it.

Specific Workshops on Water Environment and Quality will be planned based on the result of recent survey and reviewed by the secretariat and the board members of NARBO. Water Environment and NARBO(5)

NARBO and WEPA have collaborated each other on Water quality and quantity management for many years.

‐ In 2011, NARBO and WEPA co‐hosted workshops on water quality management and finished successfully.

‐ In 2014, Prof. Okada kindly delivered lecture on water environmental management in Asia in 9th NARBO IWRM training. This was interesting for the participants. Water Environment and NARBO(5)

Sri Lankan Experience with NARBO Sectoral Approach prevailed in Water Resources Development in Sri Lanka

• Increased population and urbanization required sectoral development: • IRRIGATION, • WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION, • HYDROPOWER, • FLOOD CONTROL, • FISHING, NAVIGATION and • RECREATION Continue ….

This Approach was Appropriate only to Resolve Immediate Sectoral Problems Continue …..

 However countries increasingly saddle with;

 Quantity  Quality Conflict among the sectors  Time

 Increasing Demands/Increasing Scarcity  Drop in Quality of Water (Surface & Ground)  Degradation of the Catchments  Ecological Issues Continue ….

To overcome limitations of sectoral approach, Area based Integrated, Multi‐purpose development was adopted.

Mahaweli multipurpose development programme, is the best known example of this approach in South Asia. The Mahweli River Trincomalee

• Longest River in Sri Lanka (325km) • It originates from the Western Bank of the Central Hills of the country and ends in eastern coast at Trincomalee district. Polonnaruwa • Catchment area is 10327 sq km and it Welikanda covers 40% of land area of the country Manampitiya Mahaweli Ganga

Dehiattakandiya

Matale Girandurukotte

Mahiyanganaya Mahaweli Kandy Ganga

Gampola Randenigala Minipe The Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka (MASL) ‐ 1979

 The “Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka (MASL)” is Responsible for:

 Planning, Implementation Operation , Asset Management, Resource Allocation and Regulation.

 ‘One Stop Shop’, for selected “Special Areas” of Basins. IWRM Spiral in the Basin

Data Collection, Further studies Preliminary by USAID & ID Survey and (1958-61) Investigation Mahaweli (early 1950’s) Development Program (MDP) [2000 Onward] Modern IWRM (1968) Restructuring & Rehabilitation 2. Conceptualizing 3. Coordinating & 1. Recognizing & planning identifying [1970-2000] 4. Implementing, Acceleration of Mahaweli MDP monitoring & Development evaluating Board (1970) Need for Implementation Irrigation Water of MDP and Hydropower (1970-) [1930-1970] (1931-48) Master Plan for Multipurpose Dev. Management Conventional Water Conventional IWRM Spiral Continue ……

Accelerated MDP Conceptualized (1979)

Accelerated MDP Mahaweli (1979) Authority of Sri [2000 Onward] 2. Conceptualizing Lanka (1979-) Restructuring & Modern IWRM Rehabilitation

4. Implementing, monitoring & evaluating [1970-2000] 1. Recognizing & 3. Coordinating & Acceleration of identifying planning MDP Completion of Sedimentation Major Dams (1979-85) Monitoring Irrigation Land Need for (1990-) Development [1930-1970] Acceleration (1979-) Master Plan for (1970s) Forest & Multipurpose Devt. Environment Unit (1987) Management Conventional Water Conventional IWRM Spiral Continue ……

Interim Report of Pilot Project National Water and Establishment Management of KOBO (2004) Improvement Project Basin (Assessment) Pilot Project (2006) Proposal of [2000 Onward]

(2001 -) Modern IWRM Rehabilitation Restructuring & Project (2006) Rehabilitation Need for Effective Water 2. Conceptualizing Use (2000) 3. Coordinating & planning [1970-2000] 4. Implementing, Acceleration of 1. Recognizing & MDP identifying monitoring & 2012 evaluating

Need for Dam Safety & rehabilitation of WR Planning Moragahakanda & [1930-1970] dams Project (2008- Kalugana Master Plan for (2000) 15) Canal System Development Multipurpose Devt. Consolidation Project(2007-14) Project Management (2007-13) Conventional Water Conventional

Legend Past Future Activities Activities Dam Safety & Water Resources Planning Project (DSWRPP) 2008 ‐ 2015

 Project consist of three component  Component 01‐ Dam Safety & Operational Efficiency Improvement

 32 large dams of the country, identified as high risk to the public safety , will be fully rehabilitated (11 Modern dams under the MASL).  Component 02‐ Upgrade and Modernize current Hydro‐Meteorological Information System (HMIS)

 Upgrade & Modernize 122 Hydro‐metric stations  Modernize and establish Data Bank at Irrigation Department and Water Management Secretariat of MASL. DSWRPP Continue …..

 Improve Flood Protection Procedure, Tools and Training.  Establish Ground Water Monitoring System.

Component 03 ‐ Multi Sectoral Water Resources Planning

Preparation of National Water Use Master Plan Update Mahaweli Master Plan Preparation of Mundeni‐Aru River Basin Development Plan A Typical River Basin in Sri Lanka • Department of Agriculture • Department of Animal Production Precipitation • Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka • Irrigation Department • Provincial Irrigation Departments • Department of Meteorology Fishing • National Water Supply & Drainage Board – Forest Hydropower Rural/Urban Reservoir • Water Resources Board Runoff • Forest Department River Basin Boundary • Wildlife Department Industry Urban WSS • Ceylon Electricity Board Rural WSS Rainfed Agr • Ministry of Industrial Development Return Flow • Ministry of Fisheries & Irrigation Recreation Aquatic Resources

Groundwater Inflow • Central Environment Community Use Authority Land Commissioner Dept. • Coastal Conservation Navigation Department Infiltration / Recharge Levels of Administrations Wetlands / Environment •National Livestock Base Flow / Pumping •Provincial Groundwater • Municipal

•Local (Pradeshiya Sabhas) Irrigation

… there is a timely need to integrate the activities Groundwater Outflow 34 of multiple actors in a basin framework … Ocean Next Step‐IWRM Spiral

[2012 Onward] Climate Resilience Improvement

Climate Resilience Improvement [2000 Onward]

Project Modern IWRM Restructuring & Rehabilitation 2. Conceptualizing 3. Coordinating & planning [1970-2000] Acceleration of 1. Recognizing & MDP identifying

4. Implementing, monitoring & [1930-1970] evaluating Master Plan for Multipurpose Devt. Management Conventional Water Conventional

Legend Past Future Activities Activities Component 01‐ Development of Basin Investment Plans

Involves detailed modeling of flood and drought risk in 9 river basin. Mahaweli Ganga Kala Oya Attanagalu Oya Kelani Ganaga Gin Ganga Nilwala Ganga These basins were selected based on a combination of probability of occurrence of climate related disaster losses and value of exposed assets at risk to the disasters. Thank you for your attention

www.narbo.jp