UDC 338.585 the NECESSITY for ORGANISATION of ROAD
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
UDC 338.585 The NECESSITY For ORGANISATION Of ROAD TRAFFIC To INCREASE SAFETY On ROADS After ROAD WORKS Bezuglyi A.O., Ph.D, National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected], http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3883-7968 Kontseva V.V., Ph.D, National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-7723 Vozniuk A.B., M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7611-9652 Stasiuk B.O., National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2504-6577 ABSTRACT Bezuglyi A.O., The Theorethical Aspects of Determination Index of Socio- economic Losses from Road Accidents/ Bezuglyi A.O., Kontseva V.V., Vozniuk A.B., Stasiuk B.O. The article considers the reasons for the unsatisfactory reduction of the number of road accidents, as well as proposals for their elimination. Object of the study – the current road conditions of Ukraine. Purpose of the study –to describe factors, which influencing on unsatisfactory reduction of the number of deaths in road accidents and to provide suggestions for their decreasing. Method of the study – analyze the object of the research with the subsequent synthesis of proposals. In the article the results of research conducted within the framework of the pilot project "Traffic Safety Audit on the transport corridor GO Highway on the road section Lviv - Uman" was considered by which a number of disadvantages that somehow impact the level of road safety were identified. These disadvantages were grouped by the author into four groups – “Geometric Parameters”, “Service Objects”, “Settlements” and “Vulnerable Road Users”. Each group had its own disadvantages by which justified suggestions for their solution were provided. The results of the article can be used in the implementation of measures to improve the traffic safety on public roads. KEYWORDS: FINANCING, DISTRIBUTION, ROAD ACCISENTS, SOCIO- ECONOMIC LOSSES, INDEX Problem statement. The majority road accidents occur due to the driver`s mistakes while driving on roads with inadequate road pavement quality, 97% of all highways have a high wear and need overhaul or current repairs, 39% of roads of state importance do not match the requirements of strength and 51% - of evenness [1]. The growth of the financing in the road sector in 2018-2019, due to the two fundamental reforms - decentralization and the implementation of the State Road Fund, gives an opportunity to increase the volume of works of the new construction, reconstruction and repairs, as well as the provision of services for the current repair and operational maintenance on public roads of state importance [2]. However, the number of deaths since 2011 has been decreasing less rapidly than expected under the “Decade of Traffic Safety Action” Program, the main postulate of which is to reduce the road deaths by 50% before 2020. Thus, the reduction of the number of deaths per 100 road accidents from 2011 to 2017 according to the plan is 32.2%; but in fact it is 4.6% [3]. Analyze last researching and publications. The studies of road safety were providing by Volodymyr Polishchuk, Liudmyla Nagrebelna, Tetyana Bondar, Alla Kononenko, Olga Belenchuk, Mariya Olhova, Olexiy Petrashenko and others [4-6]. In those studies, by Volodymyr Polishchuk, Liudmyla Nagrebelna was highlighted analyze the main factors, what was the reasons of road accidents; by Tetyana Bondar, Alla Kononenko, Olga Belenchuk was highlighted the main statistic of road accidents, what happened in 2017, by Tetyana Bondar and Olexandr Pyna was highlighted the reasons of needed in road safety audit. But nobody of them didn`t look at practical sight of road safety audit and they didn`t give some advices to make the road environment more safety. Objective. The objective is to describe factors, which influencing on unsatisfactory reduction of the number of deaths in road accidents and to provide suggestions for their decreasing. Main text. The increase of the volume in road works allows bringing the state of road pavement to the regulations, but it does not reduce the number of road accidents. This situation occurs as a result of many circumstances, the main of which (according to the authors) can be described by the following scheme (Figure 1). Fig. 1 - Scheme of depending the accident rate after carrying out the road construction works The scheme presented in Figure 1 is confirmed by the research carried out within the framework of the pilot project "Road Traffic Audit in the GO Highway Transport Corridor on the road section Lviv -Uman". The GO (Gdansk - Odesa) Highway project is about development of the transnational transport corridor within the framework of which it is planned to connect the Ukrainian Black Sea ports of Mykolaiv and Odesa with the Polish ports in the Baltic Sea in Gdansk and Gdynia. Subsequently, this transport corridor should become a part of the New Silk Road between the European Union and China via the Black and Caspian Seas bypassing the Russian Federation. The section of the transport corridor within Ukraine in full or in part runs on the highways M-09 "Ternopil - Lviv - Rava-Ruska (Liublin direction)", M-12 "Stryi - Ternopil - Kropyvnytskyi - Znamianka (via Vinnytsia), M-05 Kyiv-Odesa, M-28 Odesa-Yuzhnyi - / M-14 / with approaches and M-14 Odesa-Melitopol-Novoazovsk (Taganrog direction). These roads with the different riding qualities, they using for international transit combine with the local traffic flows, they have the different plan and profile characteristics, the settlements passing via – all of these factors can lead to increased accident rates. The inspection of sections of the above-mentioned roads was conducted in accordance with the Manual of Road Safety and checklists developed for Ukraine. The GO Highway route was inspected in the Lviv, Ternopil, Khmelnytskyi, Vinnytsia and Cherkasy regions. The predominant length of the route is the roads of the ІІ technical category according to [7]. In the future, the road is planned to be reconstructed to the І-b category with two traffic lanes in each direction. At the time of the survey, the road sections of the III category were expanded to the parameters of the ІІ category, as well as in some road sections of the II and III categories their extension to the roads of the ІІ category with three traffic lanes was carried out. The highest level of danger in the route according to the average weighted coefficient of accidents rate and the severity of the consequences of road accidents is observed in the Khmelnytskyi, Vinnytsia and Cherkasy regions which is recorded according to the Databases of Road Accident Recording and Analysis of the "M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Research Institute State Enterprise" (DerzhdorNDI SE). Thus, in the road section M-12 "Stryi - Ternopil - Kropyvnytskyi - Znamianka (via Vinnytsia)" on which road safety audit was carried out from 2015 to 2017, there were recorded 1150 road accidents, 372 road accidents of which with the victims, 113 deaths and 515 people were injured. The number of deficiencies that impact on the level of road safety was established by the results of the survey. Geometric parameters. The width of the carriageway on the inspected road sections varies from 7 m to 23 m depending on the technical category of the highway. At that, the width of the subgrade is from 14 m to 28.5 m, respectively. The width of the center mall on the roads of the І-b category varies from 0 m (this is mean, what the line is absent) to 5 m. The carriageway within the settlements provokes to exceed the allowed speed limit of movement due to its excessive width, and, as a result, excessive width of the traffic lanes (Figure 2). 3.5 m Figure 2 – The carriageway within the settlements On the route, there are a number of road sections with limited visibility, especially in the areas of combination of horizontal and vertical curves, as well as established barriers and pedestrian fences (figure 3). At such sections, the risk of occurrence of emergency situations (departure outside the traffic lane due to increasing speed and non-conformity of the radius of turning with the regulations), and as a result - road accident (frontal or lateral collision with other vehicles or obstacles) are significantly increased. The analysis of the simplified digital model of the highway with the software and analytical complex developed by the experts of the DerzhdorNDI SE allowed establishing at least 169 road sections which did not provide visibility in the direction of traffic of 300 m in accordance with [7]. Figure 3 – The example of visualization sections with limited visibility on the software and analytical complex, developed by the experts of the DerzhdorNDI SE During the survey, there were recorded also a number of intersections and junctions that had at least one of the following signs (somewhere and all at once): Figure 4 – Absent of information about adjacent with guiding columns and/or signs and/or markings 1) not equipped with guiding columns and/or signs and/or markings. This would give the vehicle`s driver information about approaching to the potentially dangerous section on the highway (figure 4); 2) with a considerable non-equipped area, without channelizing of exits and traffic islands. For the driver that first passes via such section it is quite difficult to plan a further movement and predict the trajectory of other vehicles (figure 5); Figure 5 – Absent of channelizing of exits and traffic islands 3) without rigid pavement, which results to the removal of dirt on the carriageway, which, in turn, reduces the power of tire grip with the road pavement (figure 6). Figure 6 – Absent of rigid pavement on adjacent on the carriageway Also, a significant number of so-called ‘Y’-shaped intersections (figure 7), which are characterized by a limited visibility, complicated driving and require elaboration for the purpose of reconstruction to the ‘T’-shaped intersections or for the further development of an optimal road traffic management scheme was found.