DOCSLIB.ORG

Legal Report : Construction and Operation of Kyiv City Ring Road

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Legal Report : Construction and Operation of Kyiv City Ring Road Legal Report Construction and Operation of Kyiv City Ring Road from Stolychne shose Str. to M-03 Kyiv – Kharkiv – Dovzhanskyi motor road in the Kyiv–Boryspil section on the terms of public-private partnership and concession August 12, 2014 This research was made possible with the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) The Author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the USAID or the United States Government Public Private Partnership Development Program - P3DP 42- 44 Shovkovychna Street, Office 11-D Kyiv 01601 Ukraine Telephone/Fax: +38 044 234 3525 www.ppp-ukraine.org TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1. Subject Matter of Analysis ................................................................................................................ 2 1.2. Assumptions ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3. Limitations and Qualifications........................................................................................................... 3 2. LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE LEGISLATION IN THE AREA OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION ON THE TERMS OF PPP ................................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1. Major laws and subordinate legislative instruments on public procurement and concessions .......... 4 2.2. Current Tax Laws............................................................................................................................... 6 2.3. Registration and Protection of Investments ....................................................................................... 6 2.4. Legislation on Investments, Construction, and Commissioning ....................................................... 7 2.5. Ukrainian Environmental Law........................................................................................................... 9 2.6. Special Regulations on Kyiv City Ring Road ................................................................................... 9 3. KEY STAGES OF THE ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT: LEGAL DESCRIPTION ................... 10 4. SCENARIOS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT: GENERAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................................. 11 4.1. Public Procurement .......................................................................................................................... 11 4.2. Project Financing ............................................................................................................................. 12 4.3. Concessions as a Type of PPP ......................................................................................................... 13 5. CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF ROADS ON THE TERMS OF CONCESSION ............... 15 5.1. General description of concession for construction and operation of motor roads. Key legal premises for concession for construction and service of Kyiv City Ring Road ......................................... 15 5.2. Selection and Engagement of a Concessionaire: Procedural Issues ................................................ 16 5.3. Funding of a Concession Project: Legal Aspects ............................................................................ 18 5.4. Project Agreement ........................................................................................................................... 23 5.5. Land Issues ...................................................................................................................................... 30 5.6. Permits and Licensing Procedures for Building a Motor road ............................................................... 38 5.7. Road construction in concession projects .............................................................................................. 40 5.8. The operation of the motor road concession projects............................................................................. 41 5.9. Concessionaire’s return of investment ................................................................................................... 42 5.10. Early termination of the project (concession) contract ........................................................................ 45 5 .11. Dispute Resolution .............................................................................................................................. 46 5.12. Amending the Legislation. Miscellaneous ........................................................................................... 47 6. LEGAL BARRIERS THAT REQUIRE CHANGES IN LEGISLATION ............................................ 49 7. RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE MOST RATIONAL WAYS TO REDUCE THE POSSIBLE LEGAL RISKS ............................................................................................................................................................... 70 1. INTRODUCTION In this legal report (hereinafter the “Report”), we offer your our intermediate conclusions made based on the results of investigation and analysis of several issues regarding the legal aspects of construction and operation of Kyiv City Ring Road from Stolychne shose Str. to M03 Kyiv–Kharkiv–Dovzhanskyi motor road in the Kyiv– Boryspil section (hereinafter referred to as the “CRR”) on the terms of public-private partnership and concession (hereinafter the “Project”). 1.1. Subject Matter of Analysis Based on the nature of the research, we have focused our attention exclusively on the legal aspects that appear to be the most important for the Project, specifically: (i) review of the applicable Ukrainian regulations on concessions, public-private partnership, and 2 / 81 public procurement; (іі) the most practical ways for redemption and expropriation of Land Plots; (ііі) procedure of the concession bidding; and (іv) legal description of a concession agreement. Our research was based on the Ukrainian law effective as of the date of the Report, as well as the application practice established in the respective areas. While forming the recommendations included in the Report, we also took into account the foreign and international experience. The statements made in the Report are of the most general nature, reflecting only the selected aspects of the Project which, in our opinion, have the key importance; the Report only describes several options for the further development of the Project which we believe to be optimal. The report mainly consists of the answers to the questions stated by the customer and generalized conclusions of our legal analysis of the subject matter of our research. We did not raise any other questions other than stated above. 1.2. Assumptions We used the following assumptions while preparing the Report: - The land plots that have to be allocated for the construction of the CRR may include land plots privately owned citizens and legal entities, held for permanent use, or leased. - The land plots that have to be allocated for the construction of the CRR include agricultural and forestry land (covered by tillage or perennial plantations). - The land plots that have to be allocated for the construction of the CRR include plots of especially valuable land, land of the natural reserve fund (in particular occupied by nature reserve areas), and land with bodies of water. - The legal conclusions made in the Report are based exclusively on the information and documents publicly available from official sources. - The CRR construction project will be performed according to the current law, excluding legislative changes that cannot currently be foreseen. The currently effective regulations will not be appealed against according to the procedure specified by law and will not become ineffective. - The Project will be performed without active resistance on the part of certain government agencies which may influence the performance of the Project. 1.3. Limitations and Qualifications The analysis was performed based on the current Ukrainian law; no other law or legislation of other countries were taken into account. Consequently, the Report only covers the matters to which the Ukrainian law applies. The Report is prepared exclusively for the Family Health International (FHI360) for evaluation of legal circumstances for the implementation of the Project in Ukraine, and cannot be used for any other purposes. The Report as a whole or certain provisions hereof shall not be used, distributed, quoted, or used in any other way except for the purpose of your internal evaluation of further activities under the Project. Neither the fact of the preparation nor the content of the Report shall not be disclosed to any third parties. No one except for the Family Health International (FHI360) may use 3 / 81 and/or refer to the Report without prior written consent of a partner of Vasyl Kisil and Partners Law Firm. The Report, as well as our obligations and liability, shall be governed exclusively by the Ukrainian law. Consequently, only the Ukrainian courts may resolve any possible disputes in connection with the Report. With any questions, please contact Oleh Alioshyn, partner of Vasyl Kisil and Partners Law Firm; Nataliia
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ukraine Forestry Sector Note Status and Opportunities for Development
    Ukraine Forestry Sector Note Status and Opportunities for Development March 2006 PREFACE This note was prepared by a combined team of World Bank staff and Ukrainian and international consultants, working in close collaboration with the State Forestry Committee of Ukraine. The team is grateful for contributions and support provided by the Swiss Development Corporation and PROFOR1. The findings and opinion presented are based on an assessment of the available information and consultations with a broad range of forestry sector stakeholders, including officials of the Ministry of Agricultural Policy; the Ministry of Industrial Policy; the Ministry of Environmental Protection; the State Forestry Committee, Oblast level forestry departments, State forest enterprises, private sector investors in primary and secondary wood processing industries, NGOs, and the academic community. The objective of the note is to draw attention to a tentative agenda of key issues, and to inform discussion among forestry sector stakeholders regarding the needs, opportunities and options available to maintain and manage Ukraine’s forests for the benefit of all. 1 PROFOR is a multi-donor partnership formed to pursue a shared goal of enhancing forests' contribution to poverty reduction, sustainable development and protection of environmental services, through improved knowledge and approaches for sustainable forest management. PROFOR is funded by the Department for International Development (DFID) of the United Kingdom, the Finnish Department for International Development
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 6 Technical Assistance to Sra on Environmental Issues
    CHAPTER 6 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO SRA ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Preparatory Survey on the Project for Construction of Mykolaiv Bridge in Ukraine Final Report 6. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO SRA ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 6.1 Environmental and Social Considerations 6.1.1 Project Components (1) Name The Project for Construction of Mykolaiv Bridge in Ukraine (2) Project Proponent The State Road Administration of Mykolaiv in Ukraine (Ukravtodor Mykolaiv) (3) Project Object The aim of the planned activity is to construct a highway river crossing over the Southern Bug River of city Mykolaiv cit;y. A highway river crossing including the bridge and approaches to it on the road M-14 Odessa – Melitopol – Novoazovsk (to Taganrog): beginning on the right bank of the Southern Bug River near the village Vesniane from M-14; end – on the left bank to the M-14 at the crossing with auto road P-06 Ulianovka – Mykolaiv. Construction of approaches to the bridge structures requires allocation of land for permanent use within the projected band allocation of the road. At present these lands are owned by individuals and legal entities. (4) Location Ukraine is located in Eastern Europe and is surrounded by seven countries; Romania, Moldova, Slovakia, Hungary, and Poland in the west, Belarus in the north, and Russia in the east, as well as the Black Sea in the south. In order to exploit this geographical position, the Government of Ukraine established the “Comprehensive Program for Consolidation of Ukraine as a Transit Country for 2002-2010”, which was indicative of the importance attached to establishing international trunk roads providing new traffic systems for cross-border logistics.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Quality of Road Maintenance Works in Ukraine Ic Consulenten Road Maintenance Quality in Kiev Region: Final Report 04.08.2015
    Assessment of Quality of Road Maintenance Works in Ukraine Client NGO “My Road” & Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine Document title Road Maintenance Quality in Kiev Region: Final Report 04.08.2015 Revision: 1 iC consulenten LLC Reytarskaya str., 37, 3rd floor, Kyiv, 04053, Ukraine T: +38 044 38 44 337 www.ic-consulenten.com.ua Assessment of Quality of Road Maintenance Works in Ukraine iC consulenten Road Maintenance Quality in Kiev Region: Final Report 04.08.2015 DOCUMENT CONTROL SHEET PROJECT NUMBER: Project number 52xUA004 PREPARED BY: iC consulenten Ziviltechniker GesmbH Schönbrunner Strasse 297, A-1120 Vienna Tel: +43 1 521 69 0 Fax: +43 1 521 69 180 E-Mail: [email protected] iC consulenten LLC Reytarskaya str, 37, 3rd floor, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine Phone: +38 044 38 44 337 E-Mail: [email protected] PREPARED FOR: NGO “My Road” & Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine Roman Khmil DATE: 04.08.2015 EDITOR: James Mathews;Oleksii Melnyk Date Revision No. Editor Checked by Approved by Signature 24/07/ 2015 Rev. 0 Mathews/ Melnyk Useini Woetzinger 03/08/ 2015 Rev. 1 Mathews/ Melnyk Useini Woetzinger Revision: 1 Page I Assessment of Quality of Road Maintenance Works in Ukraine iC consulenten Road Maintenance Quality in Kiev Region: Final Report 04.08.2015 CONTACT SHEET Full legal name of Organisation: iC consulenten Ziviltechniker GesmbH Trading Name (if different from above): --- Country of Registration: Austria Address of registered office: Schönbrunner Strasse 297 1120 Wien Postal address (if different from above): --- Telephone number: +43 1 521 69 – 256 country code city code Number Fax number: +43 1 521 69 – 180 country code city code number Main contact person for this project: Mr James Mathews Main contact person’s position in the Project Manager Organisation: Contact person’s email address: [email protected] Website of the Organisation: www.ic-group.org Full legal name of Organisation: iC consulenten LLC Trading Name (if different from above): --- Country of Registration: Ukraine ave.
    [Show full text]
  • Road Safety in Ukraine Cooperation with the European Union
    MINISTRY OF INFRASTRUCTURE OF UKRAINE Road Safety in Ukraine Cooperation with the European Union The 10th Eastern Partnership Transport Panel (11 May 2016, Brussels, Belgium) VOLODYMYR KOSKOVETSKYI – Director of Department of Safety on Transport of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine| May 2016 | GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT UKRAINE UKRAINE Total area – 603 628 sq. km Population – 42,7 million people (the fifth in Europe) Capital – the city of Kyiv (population – 2,8 million) Ukraine borders on: In the West – Poland, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, Moldova In the North – Belarus In the Northeast and East – Russia In the South – is bounded by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine| May 2016 | UKRAINE IN THE NETWORK OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine| May 2016 | STATISTICAL DATA ON ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS FATALITIES IN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS PER 1 MIO INHABITANTS – UKRAINE/EU Ukraine, 2014 – 104 EU, 2010 – 63 EU, 2014 – 51 Killed in road traffic accidents yearly : 4-5 ths. persons Annual losses of Ukraine due to accidents (as per estimate of the World Bank, the World Health Organization): 4-5 billion USD Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine| May 2016 | OUR OBJECTIVE IN 2020 Resolution of the UN General Assembly (2010) 2011 – 2020 The Decade of Action for Road Safety Ukraine’s objective in 2020: road traffic accident fatalities – decrease by 50% The year of 2010: The year of 2020: ≈ 5,400 2,700 road traffic accident fatalities road
    [Show full text]
  • Donbas in Flames
    GUIDE TO THE CONFLICT ZONE This publication is the result of work of a group of authors of various competencies: investigative journalism, politology, geography, and history. Written as a kind of vade mecum, this guidebook will familiarize the reader with the precursors, problems, terminology, and characteristics of the war in the Donbas. The book is targeted at experts, journalists, and representatives of international missions working in Ukraine. It will also interest a wide range of readers trying to understand and develop their own opinion on the situation in the east of Ukraine. The electronic version of this publication can be downloaded from https://prometheus.ngo/donbas-v-ogni Donbas In Flames УДК 908(477.61/.62-074)”2014/…”(036=111) Guide to the conflict zone ББК 26.89(4Укр55) Lviv, 2017 Д67 Editor: Alina Maiorova Authors: Mykola Balaban, Olga Volyanyuk, Christina Dobrovolska, Bohdan Balaban, Maksym Maiorov English translation: Artem Velychko, Christina Dobrovolska, Svitlana Kemblowski, Anna Shargorodskaya, Andrii Gryganskyi, Max Alginin Design: Lukyan Turetsky Activity supported by the Security Environment Canada Fund for Local Initiatives Research Center © 2017 “Prometheus” NGO Activité réalisée avec l’appui du Fonds canadien d'initiatives locales Content Foreword. When the truth is the best weapon 5 Chapter 1. Donbas - The panoramic picture 7 Donbas on the Map of Ukraine 7 As Seen by Analysts and Journalists 10 Donbas (Un)Known to the World 14 Chapter 2. Could the War be Avoided? 17 Ukrainian land 17 Rust Belt 20 Similar and different 22 Voting Rights 25 Unsolicited patronage 26 Chapter 3. Chronicles of War 31 End of February 2014 31 March 2014 32 April 2014 33 May 2014 36 June 2014 38 July 2014 39 August 2014 41 Beginning of September 2014 42 September 2014 - February 2015 42 From February 2015 to this day 44 Chapter 4.
    [Show full text]
  • UDC 338.585 the NECESSITY for ORGANISATION of ROAD
    UDC 338.585 The NECESSITY For ORGANISATION Of ROAD TRAFFIC To INCREASE SAFETY On ROADS After ROAD WORKS Bezuglyi A.O., Ph.D, National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected], http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3883-7968 Kontseva V.V., Ph.D, National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-7723 Vozniuk A.B., M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7611-9652 Stasiuk B.O., National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2504-6577 ABSTRACT Bezuglyi A.O., The Theorethical Aspects of Determination Index of Socio- economic Losses from Road Accidents/ Bezuglyi A.O., Kontseva V.V., Vozniuk A.B., Stasiuk B.O. The article considers the reasons for the unsatisfactory reduction of the number of road accidents, as well as proposals for their elimination. Object of the study – the current road conditions of Ukraine. Purpose of the study –to describe factors, which influencing on unsatisfactory reduction of the number of deaths in road accidents and to provide suggestions for their decreasing. Method of the study – analyze the object of the research with the subsequent synthesis of proposals. In the article the results of research conducted within the framework of the pilot project "Traffic Safety Audit on the transport corridor GO Highway on the road section Lviv - Uman" was considered by which a number of disadvantages that somehow impact the level of road safety were identified. These disadvantages were grouped by the author into four groups – “Geometric Parameters”, “Service Objects”, “Settlements” and “Vulnerable Road Users”.
    [Show full text]
  • FEEFHS Journal Volume XIII T a B L E O F C O N T E N T S
    FEEFHS Journal Volume 13, 2005 FEEFHS Journal Who, What and Why is FEEFHS? Editor: Thomas K. Edlund. [email protected] The Federation of East European Family History Societies Editorial Assistant: Mark W. Gardner (FEEFHS) was founded in June 1992 by a small dedicated group of Line Editor: Irmgard Hein Ellingson American and Canadian genealogists with diverse ethnic, religious, and national backgrounds. By the end of that year, eleven societies FEEFHS Executive Council had accepted its concept as founding members. Each year since then FEEFHS has grown in size. FEEFHS now represents nearly two 2004-2005 FEEFHS officers: hundred organizations as members from twenty-four states, five Ca- President: Dave Obee, 4687 Falaise Drive, Victoria, BC V8Y 1B4 nadian provinces, and fourteen countries. It continues to grow. Canada. [email protected] About half of these are genealogy societies, others are multi- 1st Vice-president: Kahlile Mehr, 412 South 400 West, Centerville, purpose societies, surname associations, book or periodical publish- UT. [email protected] ers, archives, libraries, family history centers, online services, insti- 2nd Vice-president: Marsha Gustad, 19415 Tara Drive, Brookfield, tutions, e-mail genealogy list-servers, heraldry societies, and other WI 53045-4807. [email protected] ethnic, religious, and national groups. FEEFHS includes organiza- 3rd Vice-president: Brian J. Lenius. [email protected] tions representing all East or Central European groups that have ex- Secretary: Mila Snapp. [email protected] isting genealogy societies in North America and a growing group of Treasurer: Don Semon. [email protected] worldwide organizations and individual members, from novices to professionals. Other members of the FEEFHS Executive Council: Founding Past President: Charles M.
    [Show full text]
  • Roads in Ukraine
    ROADS IN UKRAINE 1 ROADS IN UKRAINE SECTOR INFORMATION Ukravtodor’s annual spending on road maintenance from State Budget (UAH bn) Note: does not include transfers to regional budgets for communal roads. Ukraine has significant potential for motorway development due to its location on the intersection of multiple transport corridors, namely Berlin (Dresden)-Wroclaw-Lviv-Kyiv; Trieste- Ljubljana-Budapest (Bratislava)-Lviv; and Helsinki-St. Petersburg (Moscow)-Kyiv- Chisinau (Odesa)-Bucharest-Dimitrovgrad- Alexandropoulos. The existing road network in Ukraine requires substantial modernization. The total length of domestic roads remained unchanged over the last 15 years at 169,600 km, with 30% classified as roads of state importance. Such roads have a higher standard rate of expenditure for road maintenance of UAH $2,700/km vs. $1,200/km for regional roads, largely because of Ukraine road network in 2014 ths.km intensive freight transport. In 2013, road transportation had a 74% share of total freight transportation in Ukraine in tonnage terms. On average, a ton of freight was transported to a distance of 47 km in 2013, versus 21 km in 2000. In Ukraine, road construction and repairs are managed by Ukravtodor, a state agency subordinate to the Cabinet of Ministers through the Ministry of Infrastructure. Source: Ukravtodor 2 ROADS: KEY INVESTMENT PROJECTS KEY ROAD SECTIONS FOR REHABILITATION (SEE MAP) Lviv – Krakovets (85 km, 1 cat), Odesa – Mykolaiv – Kherson (190 km, 1 cat), Dubno – Ternopil – Ivano-Frankivsk (220 km, cat 1), Rivne – Lutsk (65 km, cat 1), Poltava – Kharkiv (140 km, 1 cat), Zhytomyr – Vinnytsya (120 km, cat 1), Odesa – Palanki – Monashi (84 km, cat 2), Terebovlya – Chernivtsi (138 km, 2 cat).
    [Show full text]
  • Anti-Corruption and Social Impact of Open Data in the Road Construction, Renovation, Repairs, and Maintenance Industry of Ukraine
    2 Anti-corruption and Social Impact of Open Data in the Road Construction, Renovation, Repairs, and Maintenance Industry of Ukraine Analytical Report 1 November 2020 This report has been prepared by the Info Sapiens agency as part of the USAID/UK aid project, Transparency and Accountability in Public Administration and Services (TAPAS), under the auspices of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine. The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of the Info Sapiens agency and does not necessarily reflect the views of the USAID Agency, the US Government, the UK Government, or the Eurasia Foundation. The information and views presented in this report belong to their respective authors and should not be construed as an official position of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine. The Ministry does not guarantee the accuracy of data presented in this publication. Neither the Ministry nor anybody else acting on behalf of the Ministry may be held accountable for the use of information contained in this publication. Study authors: Reviewers: This report was made possible through the financial support • Dmytro Belanenko • Dmytro Bukhanevych of the US Government via the United States Agency for • Inna Volosevych • Kateryna Onyiliogwu International Development (USAID) and the UK Government • Oksana Yaremchuk • Anastasiya Shurenkova via UK aid under the Transparency Representatives of the USAID/UK and Accountability in Public aid Transparency and Accountability Administration and Services in Public Administration and
    [Show full text]
  • Go Highway Connecting Odesa Region’S Seaports Cargo Flows to Eu
    GO HIGHWAY CONNECTING ODESA REGION’S SEAPORTS CARGO FLOWS TO EU 1 GO HIGHWAY PROJECT Strengthen Promotes Ukraine’s Enhance Environmentally freight interconnectivity friendly and Eliminates National transport of all energy-efficient Reconstruction traffic and TEN-T Transport Sustainable and logistics transport freight of existing cargo IMPACTS Corridors Strategy logistics potential modes transport roads bottlenecks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Road City-Port Cross-Border Urban Physical International Regional Quality safety Interface connectivity connectivity and operational connectivity development of services, and logistics capacity, build skills, and accessibility, Institutional Intermodal capacity for connectivity, a more competitive service reliability, sector IMPROVES energy efficiency 2 GO HIGHWAY PROVIDES A DIRECT LINK BETWEEN THE BALTIC AND THE BLACK SEAS Total Length: 1 746 km Poland: 658 km (constructed) Ukraine: 1088 km Route projected to reduce transit time between Gdansk/Gdynia and Odesa seaports from 23 hours to 15 hours Benefits ● Improves speed rate for cargo flows ● Reconstruction of road from Category-2 upgrading to Category-1 ● Includes construction of bypasses around residential areas 3 ECONOMIC IMPACT ● The EU is Ukraine's largest trading partner ● GO HIGHWAY project cuts 30% cargo delivery cost ● In 2016 trade accounted for more than 40% of ● Currently 20’ container costs from $1000 up to Ukraine's imports and exports after launching the FTA $1500 from Gdansk to Odesa with the EU ● With GO HIGHWAY project it will cost 30 % less
    [Show full text]
  • Ukraine Grain Transportation
    United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service Agricultural Marketing Service Ukraine Grain Transportation Published March 17, 2020 USDA is publishing the Ukraine Grain Transportation to provide an indicator report to evaluate the Black Sea Region’s Grain Transportation.Initial interest came from a September 2018 meeting of the BNSF Agriculture Rail Business Council (ARB)1, in which grain producers requested that USDA assess U.S. grain transportation cost competitiveness, especially for wheat and corn. Interest levels during a session on this topic at USDA’s 2020 Agricultural Outlook Forum confirmed that this report will likely be useful to U.S. grain producers. Why are U.S. grain producers interested in this region? The Black Sea region–Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine–is a strong player in the global wheat market. Black Sea wheat successfully competes on the basis of lower prices, favorable exchange rates, and the region’s advantageous location (FAS, Grain: World Market and Trade January 2018). Ports on the Black Sea have easy access to the rapidly growing markets in the Middle East and North Africa where wheat and feed demand has grown. The U.S. share of the global wheat market has been declining as the European Union (EU) and Russia have risen in prominence. Globally, wheat is mainly used for human consumption. But Ukraine exports wheat both for milling and feed. Russia is the top wheat exporter, followed by the EU, United States, Canada, Ukraine, Australia, and Argentina. In the corn market, the United States is still the leading exporter, but faces strong competition from Brazil, Argentina, and Ukraine.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Transport Infrastructure in Eastern Ukraine and Its Interaction with the International Transport Corridors
    94 Grugoriy Nechaev, Maxim Luchko, Maxim Slobodyanyuk ТЕКА Кom. Mot. i Energ. Roln. – OL PAN, 2011, 11B, 95-101 5. Luchko M. 2004.: Analis rezultatov modelirovania raboti kariernogo transporta. Visnik EUNU after V. Dal – East Ukraine National University after V. Dal - Lugansk, –– №10(68). P1. – P. 151-156. 6. Luchko M. 2008.: Analysis of the using bio-fuel, as alternative type fuel for engines of internal combustion. - Visnik KTU – Krivorogski technical University – Krivoi Rog, – № 11. – P.83-88. 7. V. Dubrovin, M. Korchemnyy. 2004.: "Biofuel. Technologies" machines and equipment. - Kiev. – 256p. 8. Selimov I.K., Abrosimov A.A. 1991.: Ecologi-economic aspects of the development DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE production motor fuel in USA. Overview information. The Series "Guard surrounding IN EASTERN UKRAINE AND ITS INTERACTION WITH ambiences".- №5.- Moscow; CPIITE.- Neftehim, - 64 p. THE INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS 9. The Patent 11013. The Ukraine. Si OL 1/04. SSH 01.1/18, VO1 GZ/08. The Image of the reception fuel mixture and device for its realization/ Udovik V.S., Udovik S.S. Zayavl. 93005450, 1993. It Is Published 25.12.96. Byuliteni 4. 10. Verevka M.L. 2002.: Physico - Chemical characteristic alternative combustible on base Grigoriy Nechaev, Maxim Slobodyanyuk vegetable masel. // Mechanization and electrification rural economy - . 86.- R.290-294. 11. Global Logistics Research Team at Michigan State University, World Class Logistics: The Volodymyr Dahl East- Ukrainian National University, Lugansk, Ukraine Challenge of Managing Continuous Change (Oak Brook, IL: Council of Logistics Management, 1995). 12. Malevich I.P. 1972.: Transportation and storage of powder-like building materials / I.P.
    [Show full text]