Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist Volume 4 Article 1 10-3-2008 The subfamily Donaciinae in Utah (Insecta: Coleptera: Chrysomelidae) Shawn M. Clark Brigham Young University, [email protected] Andrew B. Olsen Brigham Young University Mark H. Goodman Brigham Young University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/mwnan Recommended Citation Clark, Shawn M.; Olsen, Andrew B.; and Goodman, Mark H. (2008) "The subfamily Donaciinae in Utah (Insecta: Coleptera: Chrysomelidae)," Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist: Vol. 4 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/mwnan/vol4/iss1/1 This Monograph is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist 4, © 2008, pp. 1–37 THE SUBFAMILY DONACIINAE IN UTAH (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) Shawn M. Clark1,3, Andrew B. Olsen2, and Mark H. Goodman1,2 ABSTRACT.—Information is presented dealing with the western North American species of the subfamily Donaciinae, with emphasis on data from the state of Utah. Dichotomous keys and short diagnoses are provided to enable identification of genera and species. Previously published records from Utah are summarized. For each species, the overall North American distribution is summarized, and detailed records are given for Utah. Reported host plants for each species are also listed. Key words: Chrysomelidae, Donaciinae, Donacia, Plateumaris, Utah. Beyond the original validation of taxonomic cially resemble some of the true long-horned names and subsequent systematic revisions, beetles that belong to the family Cerambycidae. very little has been published about most Other more important subfamily characters invertebrate species. From a conservation or are included in the subfamily diagnosis below. biodiversity point of view, this is extremely Larval donaciines are truly aquatic, being unfortunate. Overwhelmingly, most animal completely submerged. They occur in both lotic species are indeed invertebrates. More identi- and lentic habitats. The apex of the abdomen fication guides, investigations of biology, and is equipped with elongate, tubular extensions regional faunal treatments are sorely needed. to the terminal spiracles, and these are inserted Aquatic species, especially insects belonging into hollow, air-filled stems of various aquatic to the orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and plants. The larvae thereby obtain oxygen in Trichoptera, have been somewhat better studied snorkel-like fashion. They feed on these same due to their extensive use in monitoring stream plants. On the other hand, adult donaciines quality. However, even they are in need of are often categorized as terrestrial insects since much additional investigation. The present they are most frequently encountered out of study provides information on a group of insects the water. They are good fliers, and a few that is somewhat intermediate between aquatic species are sometimes collected at light some and terrestrial habits. Although currently in - distance from their normal aquatic habitats. adequately studied, such insects may eventu- Even so, adults are most frequently found very ally prove to be valuable tools in monitoring near water, often on the emergent parts of the water quality. Also, they deserve consideration larval host plants. Despite being found most when mitigation wetlands are planned. If often out of water, even adults are well adapted essential factors such as proper host plants are to an aquatic life. This is evidenced by the not present in mitigated habitats, many inver- well-developed plastron, formed of dense, tebrate species would be unable to colonize short setae, that covers the venter of some and could conceivably be extirpated from large species. In fact, adults of a few species of regions. Donaciinae, such as those in the genus Neo- Donaciinae is a subfamily of Chrysomelidae, haemonia, actually spend almost their entire the entire family commonly referred to as leaf life, apart from the overwintering period, under beetles. Donaciines are sometimes called long- water. horned leaf beetles because their antennae are In spite of recent taxonomic advances, such longer and they have comparatively more as those of Askevold (1987, 1991), species elongate bodies than those of most other identification of donaciine beetles can be chal- chrysomelids. In these respects they superfi- lenging for workers not familiar with the group. 1Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602. 2Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602. 3E-mail: [email protected] 1 2 MONOGRAPHS OF THE WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST [Volume 4 Series of specimens, including both males and Host plant information is also included and females, should be examined where possible. In comes from the work of Clark et al. (2004). conducting new fieldwork, efforts should be Acronyms used in the “material examined” made to collect and properly prepare such sections refer to the following collections where series. specimens are deposited: Brigham Young Uni- versity, Provo, Utah (BYUC); Colorado State METHODS University, Fort Collins (CSUC); Dixie State College, St. George, Utah (DSCC); United Because some species not yet discovered in States National Museum of Natural History, Utah may eventually be found in the state, the Washington, DC (USNM); Utah State Univer- diagnostic keys include all taxa recorded from sity, Logan (USUC); University of Utah, Salt western North America. For the purposes of Lake City (UUC). this study, “western” is defined as those areas west of the Great Plains. However, in the case TAXONOMIC ACCOUNTS AND KEYS of border areas, such as Colorado, all species reported from the state or province are in - Subfamily Donaciinae cluded in the keys, even though they may occur SUBFAMILY DIAGNOSIS.—Head prominent, only in the plains, rather than in mountain- prognathous, slightly narrowed behind eyes; ous areas. The inclusion of all western species eyes entire, convex, prominent, moderate in in the keys should facilitate their recognition if size; antennae closely inserted on frons, fili- they are ever found in Utah. We have greatly form, extending to middle of elytra. Prothorax modified the keys from Askevold (1990a, 1991) subquadrate, narrower than elytra, about as and from Downie and Arnett (1996). We have wide as head, without lateral marginal bead; altered wording, removed couplets dealing procoxal cavities closed behind. Each elytron with taxa not occurring in western North with 10 rows of punctures. Abdomen with 1st America, and added additional characters. ventrite as long as the remaining 4 together. Detailed descriptions are not included, and, if Legs long, femora capable of extending well specimens of questionable identification are beyond lateral margins of body; procoxae coni - encountered, the above-mentioned publications cal, narrowly separated; metafemora often should be consulted. The work of Marx (1957) enlarged and often toothed ventrally; protibiae will also be very helpful. and mesotibiae each with apical articulated spur; Following the diagnostic keys, individual tarsi pseudotetramerous, with 5 tarsomeres, treatments are provided for species that have but with 4th tarsomere small and inconspicu- actually been recorded from Utah. The arrange- ous; bifid setae present on 3rd tarsomere. ment of genera and species is alphabetical. These treatments include short species diag- Key to Genera of Western noses. Additionally, we present detailed dis- North American Donaciinae tributional information within the state, with a discussion of previously published records Modified from Askevold (1990a) and with a listing of complete label data from all specimens we have examined. This infor- (Genera followed by an asterisk are mation is also summarized in distribution maps: not known to occur in Utah) closed circles indicate localities of material 1. Prothorax of most specimens with broad, finely examined, and open circles indicate localities pubescent area above procoxa (Fig. 2c); pronotal from which there are literature records but not disk of some specimens conspicuously pubes- specimens that we have examined. In addition cent also; sutural beads of elytra straight for to detailed distributional data for Utah, the entire length (Fig. 14f), not dehiscent near apex; eyes of most specimens set off from vertex overall distribution beyond Utah is summa- by distinct sulcus; vertex of many specimens rized for each species. This overall informa- with 2 distinct calli; median lobe of aedeagus tion is taken from Riley et al. (2003). The state, subbasally with distinct angulation; tegmen thin, provincial, and territorial abbreviations corre- slender, of uniform width . 2 spond to standard postal codes. Provincial and — Prothorax without conspicuous, broad pubes- territorial records in Canada are given first, cent area above procoxa (but see Plateumaris followed by state records in the United States. aurifera); sutural beads of elytra dehiscent in 2008] DONACIINAE IN UTAH 3 apical declivital area, separated from each Key to Adults of Western North other by a narrow, usually shiny and impunctate American Donacia strip of