3.0 PARK LANDS & SQUARES

MULLAWIRRABURKA//PARK 14 : 226

3.0 & SQUARES 3.1.12 Mullawirraburka/Park 14/Rymill Park Report

Olea

8 July 1857, ) trees in the ) plantings in inding, suffocating dust europaea

The Register ( Olea europaea

Olea the … With such roads as now 17 June 1854, p. 4; 8 July 1857, 17 June 1854, ssp] …” It is possible the plan author winter, and a desert of bl quiring the appointment of an expert referee The Register rnor indicating that “the writer of the ehicles but to deviate in all directions from the track, ing skills whereas the sketch text is similar ic Square” being sent to the Corporation on 9 Corporation’s Town Clerk expressing a desire k 8 and Karrawirra/) (1,255 and 210), k 8 and Karrawirra/Park 12) (1,255 pearance of the Park Lands. For example, on as the Park Lands generally were commonplace y have really been prompted by critical have been prompted by concerns from the to this role. Unfortunately scheme Eucalyptus wishes and propose to do so by means of the colonial Governor than Corporation. ned by advertisements in the usual newspapers, made use of.” The Colonial Secretary appointed Clerk, ACC, 2 August 1855, GRG 24/6/1605 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES etary to Town Clerk, ACC, 7 July 1855, GRG e Governor volunteered a budget of £400, “a sum em on (70), in the North Adelaide to Colonial Secretary, 2 August 1855, GRG to Colonial Secretary, 13 August 1855, GRG acres [0.2ha] or even quarter acres [0.10ha] in acres [0.2ha] or even quarter [0.10ha] in in the selection of the position several at he wishes” which the Corporation eagerly ery side and rendering it utterly useless wrote in July 1857: , including reports of public meetings that voiced critique of ed roads are constructed through

MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL PARK/PARK 14 : 227 ssp] and Gum-tree [ The Register The Register Acacia ], the Wattle [ The Park Lands will never be other than a quagmire in in summer, … unless properly fenc disgrace the Park Lands there is no alternative for v thus cutting up acres of pasturage on ev p. 2). Discussions by the Corporation and the Mayors (Lord Mayors) about landscaping the /Karrawirra Parri embankments as well The thoughts ma from the mid 1850s onwards. comments and articles in the quality of the Park Lands, in 1854 onwards (eg., p. 2), that were in many ways directed towards For example, the editor of Willingly, to assist these landscaping works, th sufficient to accomplish much, but not all th accepted “at once to carry out His Excellency’s competent gardeners [on] contracts to be obtai the works generally being performed under supervision of the City Surveyor.” With acceptance, the Governor imposed one condition re to monitor the works: “that some person should be nominated by himself to represent the Executive in this matter and to have a voice plantations and of the species fencing to be horticulturist John Bailey, of Hackney Nursery, collapsed with the dissolution of Legislative Council in August 1855 despite unknown authored sketch “on the subject of planting a Publ October 1855, with correspondence from the Gove memorandum has indicated some most sensible and just views of Landscape Gardening…” The advice included a recommendation that, “in a climate like ’s and to avoid the inconvenience of having to wait years for effect, clumps should be formed the Olive [ europaea was newly appointed director of the , George Francis, more so than Bailey as there is no evidence of Bailey’s plan draw in style to Francis’s hand (Letter, Colonial Secr 24/6/1381 (1855); letter, Town Clerk, ACC, 24/6/2505 (1855); letter, Town Clerk, ACC, Secretary to Town (1855); Colonial 24/6/2644 Secretary August 1855, GRG 24/6/1740 (1855) to Town Clerk, ACC, 20 (1855); Colonial (1855) Colonial 24/6/2129 1855, GRG Colonial Secretary to Town Clerk, ACC, 2 August 24/6/3289 (1855)). Secretary to Town Clerk, ACC, 2 August 1855, GRG While Francis, Bailey and Boothby were predominantly planting olive ( Park Lands, City Gardener William Pengilly also undertook olive ( several areas. During 1872 he was planting th 7, Barnguttilla/Par Plantations (Kuntingga/Park 17 July 1855 the Colonial Secretary wrote to the “that something should be done to improve the present very unsightly appearance of most of the Park Lands near Town; which he [Governor Gawler] thinks might be effected by the of trees on half judicious planting of clumps suitable positions; care being taken to fence such clumps with strong but neat fencing.” These public debates and discussions appear to colonial Governor about the overall aesthetic ap in 1856 records: ts with so many others, that the ion of refuse have, for a long time ion of refuse have, for a long time 2005, p. 68). 2005, p. of neglect has been added the insult creek the Park Lands have been the et al The Observer 25 June 1857). It was fenced in a white- ttles; rags, bones, and dead dogs vary the scene burka/Park 14 served as the first venue for consists of a semi-rectangular block of land have frequented and camped in the Eastern Vegetable matter lies at leisure to decay; broken yrne 2003, p. 1). Mullawirraburka/Park 14 yrne 2003, p. 1). Mullawirraburka/Park urna sites or activities, pre-contact post- reinvented as the Main Lake for Botanic spatial survey of Mullawirraburka/Park 14 by the parklands between Hackney [Botanic] and the and East Terrace to the Botanic Creek was 2005, p. 68). Rundle Road and Bartels Road.Botanic Creek, 1840 near the present site of Bridgland ference, Hemming concludes correctly that the Register with use and occupancy along Botanic

By this time most of the indigenous vegetation so noted it as a meeting place for the Kaurna fenced. In 1857 the Corporation called for Reverend William Ullathorne VG celebrated the et al th century. Margaret (Connie) Roberts also rraburka/Park 14 was used informally as a 14 rraburka/Park aide Botanic Garden’s administration, drains The reds of cart-loads every descript 16 August 1856). to beautify it, but the injury s, that the seventy distinct odours of Cologne might be fairly counted es decomposing, and mingling their scen he east end of Rundle-street to the Observer

The st Contact Associations ( over again in Adelaide of positive disfigurement. From t licensed rubbish-yard of the city. Hund past, been ruthlessly scattered about upon the surface. glass and bottles, mingled with old mattresses tin-ke with haps of chemical refuse; alkali seventy distinct odours of many other Not only have no attempts been made Notwithstanding this, it appears that Mullawi recreation space and appears not to have been and subsoiling tenders for “ploughing, harrowing Kent Town [Rundle] Roads and fenced in” ( Mullawirraburka/Park 14/Rymill Park Historical Overview: Site Context Arising from Light’s plan, Mullawirraburka/Park 14 bounded by East Terrace, Dequetteville Terrace, as it has historically been known by the Adel was named “Rymill its opening. Park” in 1962 upon No boundary changes occurred subsequent to the Light. Historical Overview: Aboriginal Associations Hemming records several specific references to Ka (Hemming 1998; Draper 14 contact, for Mullawirraburka/Park The ‘fringe dweller’, Tommy Walker, was known to Historical Overview: Po During 1840s the south-western corner of Mullawirra painted timber post and wire in the late 1870s. had been effectively removed from Mullawirraburka/Park 14. through the middle of Mullawirraburka/Park 14 (B Park Lands in the second half of the nineteen watercourse would have been directly associated Gardens (Hemming 1998, pp. 21, 55; Draper catholic services in the new colony. The Very confirms Walker’s residency in this Park, and al community. Notwithstanding this generalised re Creek and especially in the waterhole that has been first mass of the catholic community on 13 June Fountain. A plaque now denotes this site. From the 1850s to late 1870s it is unclear as the nature of activities that occurred on Mullawirraburka/Park 14, although given the waterlogged nature of landscape it was unlikely to have hosted stone quarrying excavations. One aspect is clear. During the 1850s Mullawirraburka/Park 14, between Rundle Street being used as a rubbish dump, one letter to the editor of

)

21], ssp; Salix europaea ssp),

Juglans ) trees are ssp), Olea Aristolochia Rosa Ligustrum ; 10,600], Ficus ; 10,600], Ficus europaea

Ligustrum lucidum; ssp; 1,627], towards a mixture of

Olea PARK/PARK 14 : 228 ; 12], Gums europaea

; 149], Laburnums ssp; 6], Walnuts [ ; 30], Acacias ssp), rose ( Olea ssp), privet ( tinus

; 249 in number], Oleanders ; 249 in number], Ulmus australisca Allocasuarina Populus / ssp) from various individuals. ssp) from various monogyna

of about 19,249 plants.” In addition, var nobilis Bambusa ssp; 50], Aristolochias [

; 6], China Privet [ ; 6], China Viburnum Morus Casuarina 5-1911), undoubtedly was involved in early was involved in 5-1911), undoubtedly Crataegus the East Park Lands; in Victoria, Hindmarsh the species. It is very likely, given age of ; 18], also, about one thousand willow [ ; 18], also, about Laurus t the municipality including along “Both sides interestingly demonstrates a strong overall s preference was clearly Fraxinus azedarach

ssp; 100], Olives [ ssp; 100], Olives ated, as a “postscript,” that several young trees 15) and the Slaughterhouse Road (Tulya ssp; 48], Elms [ g “Pines ... [and] Gums.” Unfortunately where g “Pines ... [and]

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES macrophylla

sativa

but it is known that O’Brien was planting the most detailed account of the great number of from W O’Brien to the Mayor, 19 August 1867; Melia is was when the majority of these Olive ( ssp), bamboo ( Populus Ficus ; 2], Ash [ Platanus Salix Castanea ssp along the entrance roadways, through the Park Lands,

t also the typical species he was seeking to establish in late MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL ; 24], Whitethorn [ ), and five mulberries ( granatum

ilex

ssp; 280], Laurestinas [sic; Eucalyptus Punica ssp] cuttings, making a grand total ssp] cuttings, making a grand babylonica ; 78], Native Pines [Callitris/

Quercus Quercus ssp; 24], White Cedar [ ssp; 4,450], Poplars [ ; 48], Sycamors [sic; pinea

Salix Populus ; 216], Moreton Bay Figs [ ssp; 14], Ches[t]nuts [ Pinus watereri Cupressus Corymbia / x oleander Robinia

/ ssp; 99], Oaks [ ; 24], Pomegranates [ Nerium Acacia Laburnum Eucalyptus Ficus [ Stone Pines [ regia Oaks [ 74]. Evergreen [ plantings per place. Specimens included “Laurels [ [ Cupressus [ [ [ including “both sides of Unley Road” (Pityarrilla/Park 19 and Kurrangga/Park 20) to the 19 and Kurrangga/Park sides of Unley Road” (Pityarrilla/Park including “both Corporation. The other important point is that a large number of Olive ( indigenous British and Mediterranean species, but preference to Australian native species includin these specimens are being planted is unclear shelterbelts or avenues of mentions the East Parkbeing planted, and O’Brien Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Ityamaiitpinna/Park 14, Mullawirraburka/Park Wodli/Park 27) as planting venues without stating ssp] and poplar [ O’Brien records donations of an unspecified number poplar ( weeping willows ( These were planted in various locations throughou of the River Torrens” from Albert Bridge to Weir; along East, West, North and South Terraces; along the “North Terrace Esplanade”; in and Light Squares; along Unley Road through the Park Lands; Slaughterhouse Road; behind the Cattle Yards in North Terrace adjoining the River; and, “19 native pines” to surround the house at “old Botanic Gardens” (Letter from W O’Brien to Mayor, 19 ACC Archives). August 1867; This is an important inventory as it presents trees that O’Brien was planting bu 1860s in the Corporation and Park Lands. Hi tree specimens in these areas today, that th herbaceous plants and bulbs, willow ( were planted in these two areas. O’Brien also st had been vandalised in Hindmarsh and Light Squares “by some mischievous persons” resulting in repeat plantings being undertaken (Letter ACC Archives). Pengilly (182 The City Gardener (1867-83), William plantings in Mullawirraburka/Park 14 but there is no specific reference to his activities.

)

The

Park )

europaea Olea europaea Present 7 & 8 Brougham, 29 Palmer, 28 Wellington 26 1 15 16 14 Hindmarsh Light Whitmore 22, 23, & 24 13

Olea 26 ens” in Kuntingga/Park 7 and ens” in Kuntingga/Park

) trees. In 1874 he proposed that 82, corroborated the existence of ) trees to “the Padock south of Bertels se Park Land block (Bakkabakkandi/Park 16) se Park Land Olea europaea Town Clerk, 22 February 1886, TC 1886/465;

there was a sizable plantation that stretched 19 & 20 & 19 ation ground,” (note ‘fruit bearing and not a and the Old Race Course” in Kadlitpinna/Park d North Terrace) 3, and Tambawodli/Park 24) (350 and 350), in Tambawodli/Park 24) 3, and 22, Wirranendi/Park 23, and Tambawodli/Park 23, Wirranendi/Park 22, y to the Corporation of “the number olive 84 out over the previous autumn planting season Roads and Sheep Market” in Tulya Wodli/Park ark 13 to Bakkabakkandi/Park 16 [sic] (Letter, to Mayor Henry Robert Fuller advising of 1872, TC 1872/519 and 4 September Number of trees bearing fruit 27 29 5 19 119 7 272 105 30 8 14 6 112 873 Town Clerk, 13 July 1883, TC 1883/2224;

22 February 1886, TC 1886/465) field St” (Mullawirraburka/Park 14) be thinned antation oppasite from Wakefield St to Angas tyarrilla/Park 19 and Kurrangga/Park 20, in the Kurrangga/Park 19 and tyarrilla/Park

Olea europaea ate and condition of all the olive ( Race Course an ) expert Paolo Villanis, in 18 etween Walkerville and River Torr ansplantation of olive (

Olea europaea [Unley Road]

Letter, Paolo Villanis to Town Clerk, , 24 July 1883, p. 6; letter, Paolo Villanis to Plantation bordering the Old Race Course Brougham Place Palmer Place Wellington Square Torrens Lake Strangways Terrace Mitcham Road South East Park Lands (Old Race Course) Dequetteville Park East Park Lands (between Old Light Square West Terrace Total ( Location Mann Terrace plantations in the Park Lands for Corporation recording substantial olive ( groves “between the Port and Slaughterhouse 27, adjacent to West Terrace (Wikparndo/Park sides of Unley Road” in Pi 24), along “both “East Park lands, between the Botanic Gardens adjacent to Bay Road [Anzac Highway] in Wikparndo/Park 22 (450), the West Terrace Park Lands (Wikparndo/Park 22, Wirranendi/Park 2 the North Terrace plantation, and on the Racecour (140). Italian olive ( these plantings when he reviewed the st 14, Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15 and Bakkabakkandi/Park 16, the 13, Mullawirraburka/Park existence of “two plantations b In August 1867 City Gardener O’Brien wrote extensive tree planting works that were carried under his care. The list is extensive and valuable to consider. Further, O’Brien records where these specimens were being generally planted but unfortunately not the specific details of these Barnguttilla/Park 8 (Letter, Paolo Villanis to Barnguttilla/Park 8 (Letter, Paolo Villanis Register letter, William Pengilly to Town Clerk, 16 July 1872/622). Pengilly also effected the tr “the east park land upasite Flinders & Wake through the transplantation of 240 olive ( Streets” (Bakkabakkandi/Park16) indicating that 1874/639). William Pengilly to Town Clerk, 28 July 1874, TC provided an inventor In February 1886 Villanis trees presently bearing fruit in the Town Corpor total list of trees overall) excluding the Gaol enclosures: Road” (Bartels Road; Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15) enabling the “old trees to be pruned in season” and trenching of the ground in “olive pl over the East Park Lands from Kadlitpinna/P

thoroughly

matter to recommend the PARK/PARK 14 : 229 ck might be made the most removed, and others pruned anting here should be irregular, trees now upon it—the Gums well defined, and seats under shady Without going into particulars then, dated 10 July 1875. Note the the Note 1875. July dated 10 putation, I must remark (and will under notice can be made ne Park-like appearance. The banks

rk Land blocks, and that scattered that Land blocks, and rk (1880) Brown noted the planting Report of the East Park Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park East Park the of into a Gardenesque landscape characterised the capabilities of the blo

delicate and very unpleasant etched how I would propose to lay off the grounds. the East Park Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, may be fully taken advantage of in this scheme for its ngs, pedestrian avenues and walks, concern his recommendations, in this instance, as being

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES being made, many of the especially—will require to be Figure oposing a significant renovation of the planting ] es than this Report will allow. but, in justice to professional re

as well I could have wished, the pl grounds with walks, specimen trees ble, and thus give the grounds a fi Australasian Sketcher Australasian at before the block of Park Lands MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL established around all three East Pa all three established around nna/Park 15, Bakkabakkandi/Park 16), nna/Park 15, Bakkabakkandi/Park Olea europaea [ and Olives . (Brown 1880, p. 25). . (Brown 1880, p. 25). (Brown 1880, p.25). ssp] Eucalyptus of the converted into choice pleasure clumps, &c., &c I must simply refer to Plan 23, on which I have sk Although the Plan does not show it so as to appear natural as possi It will readily be understood that it is at all times a undoing of work performed by others; dismiss the subject by doing so) th ornamental to such an extent as it is capable of [ and trained, so that the peculiarities of the ground ornamentation To describe fully what I would propose in order that of, would necessitate much greater spac Extract of a lithograph published in the in the published Extract of a lithograph Mullawirraburka/Park 14, Ityamaiitpi Mullawirraburka/Park been plantings that had edge extensive internal plantings had also been undertaken. also had plantings internal

his recommendations for the East ParkIn drafting up Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, in his Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15) 14, Mullawirraburka/Park conditions and the extant plantings before pr strategy. He unusually stated the implications of the impact upon existing plantings and also indigenous specimens, as follows: His recommendation was for a transformation of Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15) 14, Mullawirraburka/Park by a planting strategy containing specimen planti for seating and shade. This philosophy appears not to have been graphically portrayed in the plan to his satisfaction, as he stated:

Pinus [ chiefly with Pines ] ects, of a very superior he whole Park Lands of the ion is such that considerable variety . Source: History Trust of South of South Trust History Source: . (Brown 1880, p. 25). ken form the City of Adelaide the ken form portion of the Park Lands of the Olea europaea [ Report on a System of Planting the Adelaide (Brown 1880, p. 25) secured. Perhaps, of t plantings had been undertaken by Pengilly 14, Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15), especially in named, is, in many resp and Olives operations of ornamental planting. The soil over the bout the planting conditions in East Park Mullawirraburka/Park 14 indicating the relative absence absence 14 the relative indicating Mullawirraburka/Park ornamental planting strategy. He wrote: ssp] Figure Figure in the East Park Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Eucalyptus ting done here than on any other [ h, while at the same time, the situat and several other kinds intermixed ark 14 exceptthe reserves road along panorama photograph of Adelaide ta of Adelaide panorama photograph ssp] ssp] Cupressus [ he trees are Gums (1880) Brown recorded that ornamental (1880) Brown , Cypresses , Cypresses same extent. T spp] The block of land included within the boundaries just description indeed for the growth of trees, and for the and excellent combinations of light and shade could be whole area is rich and of good dept There has, I think, been more plan City, is second to none of the other blocks in these respects Australia. of tree vegetation in Mullawirraburka/P vegetation of tree Extract Duryea of the Townsend 1865 to this image looking eastwards with tower, Town Hall With the engagement of John Ednie Brown to prepare a Park Lands Brown also made some very positive conclusions a Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawirraburka/Park and some of the scope this planting terms of it capacity to support a more vibrant Mullawirraburka/Park 14, Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15). Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15). 14, Mullawirraburka/Park

seek to be

PARK/PARK 14 : 230

Tree Pepper White Poplar, Silver Poplar Poplar Silver Poplar, White Lombardy Poplar Ash European White Ash Ash English Oak Durmast Oak Common Oak, English Holm Oak, Holly Oak Turkey Oak English Elm Scotch Elm, Wych Elm Cork Oak Fir Spanish Caucasian Fir Balsam Fir Fir Douglas Himalayan Cedar, Deodar Cedar Cedar Atlas Monterey Pine Pine Aleppo Pine Yellow Western Pine Bishop Pine Islands Canary Pine Austrian Pine Yellow Western Digger PIne Pine Island Norfolk Bay Moreton Pine, Hoop Pine Silky Oak Kurrajong

. molle

var ‘Italica’ n shall have “general supervision of the tree

spp. spp. Brown’s formal resignation on 1 June 1883. sack the City Gardener, and therein had a street tree plantings along Barton Terrace West spp. e Plantations’, upon the invitation of City 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES August Pelzer (1862-1934) was appointed City ust for the sake of professional reputation,

MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL ’s (1880) recommendations. The City Gardener (1867-83),

Report Populus Alba Populus Macrophylla Populus Acladesca Populus Dilatata Populus Tremula Fraxinus Americana ? Fraxinus Excelsior Populus alba Quercus sessiliflora ? Quercus pedunculata Populus nigra Quercus Ilex Fraxinus americana Populus tremula Quercus Cerris Fraxinus excelsior Ulmus Campestris Ulmus Montana Quercus petraea Quercus robur Ulmus Suberosa Thuja (several) Juniperus (several) Quercus ilex Picea Nobilis Ulmus procera Quercus cerris Picea Pinsapo Ulmus glabra Picea Nordmannians Quercus suber Picea Balsamia Abies excelsa Thuja Juniperus Abies Menziesii Abies Albetiana Abies nordmanniana ? Abies Douglasii Abies pinsapo Cedrus Deodara Abies balsamia Cedrus Atlantica ? ? Pinus Insignis ? Pinus Halepansis Pseudotsuga menziesii Pinus Benthamiana Cedrus deodara Pinus Ponderosa Pinus Macrocarpa Cedrus atlantica Pinus Muricata Pinus Canariensis Pinus halepensis Pinus radiata ? Pinus Maritima Pinus Austriaca Pinus ponderosa Pinus Jeffreyii ? Pinus Sabiniana Pinus muricate Araucaria Excelsa Pinus canariensis Araucaria Cunninghamii ? Pinus cembra Sterculia heterophylla Grevillea robusta Araucaria cunninghamii Pinus ponderosa Pinus sabiniana Cupressus (several) Araucaria heterophylla Schinus Molle Brachychiton populneus Grevillea robusta Cupressus Schinus aeria relieved of the responsibility.” With the decision Corporation determined to series of City Gardeners until such time as mid 1899. Gardener (1899-1934) in With Brown’s appointment as ‘Supervisor of th commenced foundational work in Adelaide Mayor Edwin Smith in April 1882, Brown implementing parts of the William Pengilly (1825-1911) was advised that Brow planting in the Park Lands” and to “render Mr. Brown every facility for this purpose …” (Town Clerk’s Dept Outwards Letter Book, 1882/602/18). A fractious relationship occurred with Brown and Pengilly, a specific incident over from this position in August 1882. While the Corporation prompted Brown’s resignation sought to remedy the situation, continued disobedience and contrary activities by the City eventually prompted Gardener and his workforce In his letter of resignation he wrote “I m

than useless, as . Meantime, therefore,

Current Common Name Name Common Current Moreton Bay Fig Black Locust, False Acacia Plane London White Cedar Yew Common Norfolk Tree, Pyramid Hibiscus Island Black Poplar ption would be worse mmend for planting here … e parks, and an intricate system of system an intricate and e parks, enue plantings through the park land land park through the plantings enue (1880) depicting his planting design for design (1880) depicting his planting Park 14 despite the latter being being latter the 14 despite Park australisca australisca var observation on the ground acerifolioux x maiitpinna/Park 15 including the extensive peripheral the maiitpinna/Park 15 including ed by Brown (1880, p. 25) together with Figure Figure Current Scientific Current Nomenclature kinds of trees which I reco ng the Adelaide Park Lands Adelaide ng the he grounds here, and so many points of surface contour which could be the 1960s enabling the creation of Rymill Lake. des, the strong use of pedestrian av pedestrian strong use of des, the along the creek that ran through all th all through ran that creek the along ominence, that any attempt at their descri (1880) dlitpinna/Park 13 and Mullawirraburka/ dlitpinna/Park Report on a System of Planti System of a on Report

Nomenclature as used by used as Nomenclature JE Brown Ficus Macrophylla Robinia pseud-acacia acerfolia Platanus Melia azedarach Taxus baccata Lagunaria Patersonii Ficus macrophylla Robinia pseudoadcacia Populus nigra Platanus Melia azedarach Lagunaria patersonia Taxus baccata Populus nigra … so much natural intricacy about t enlarged and brought into pr these are matters which can only be understood by actual it will be sufficient if I indicate a few of the (Brown 1880, p. 25) transfigured by plant renovation works in plant renovation transfigured by Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawirraburka/Park 14, and Itya and 14, Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawirraburka/Park along the as woodland as a dense well edge, Terrace East the and corridor along the creek pathways pedestrian East TerraceThe edge. central pedestrian tree-lined avenuescorrespond with the extant pedestrian tree-lined in especially today, avenues Ka Plan 23 from Brown’s Plan 23 from all roadsi edging proposed tree planting blocks, dense tree woodland planting planting dense tree woodland blocks, Whilst Brown’s plans attempt to depict a high level of detail, there is: The following table lists the tree species propos contemporary botanical and common names:

). Within 1905, p. 40; ) and Ulmus procera ), Oriental Planes with the ‘Dequetteville Annual Report sp) ( australisca Lagunaria patersonii .1905 depicting the extensive tree extensive the .1905 depicting c var Populus 1907, pp. 71, 72, 73). ), and English Elms ( il fences with jarrah post and wire in fully planted Mullawirraburka/Park 14. A fully planted Mullawirraburka/Park wirraburka/Park 14 and Ityamaiitpinna/Park wirraburka/Park Terrace road alignment with Pirie Street. Source: Source: Street. Pirie with alignment road Terrace rn flank, edged by white painted post and wire est of Councillors. Councillor FW Moulden in est of Councillors. Councillor FW Moulden owing at the foot of tramways embankment” 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES r beautify these parks. The Corporation also Figure tree planting programme lishment initiatives in Kadlitpinna/Park 13 and merous trees and “three large jarrah guard boxes” y system, the tram using the tram embankment route route embankment tram using the the tram y system, Melia azedarach ) and a poplar ( Annual Report ) (

MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL PARK/PARK 14 : 231 australisca molle Robinia pseudoacacia ) with associated tree guards, and along Bartels Road a line of var var e of East Terrace and the East Park Lands in Lands Park East the and Terrace East e of azedarach

Schinus aeria ), False Acacias ( Melia 1908, p. 18; 1909, p. 65). 1909, p. 65). 1908, p. 18; Brachychiton populneus .1905 the following postcard scene depicted a .1905 the following postcard c Watercolour postcard scen Watercolour postcard planting, detailed and intricate crushed rock pathwa crushed intricate and planting, detailed East the original 14, and Mullawirraburka/Park through collection. Private Platanus orientalis Annual Report

White Cedars ( 62). 1906, pp. 41, By wide footpath had been established on the weste fencing. During 1907 Pelzer continued this extensive Reserves’ being planted with White Cedars ( ( Hibiscus ( Mullawirraburka/Park 14 he planted Norfolk Island Kurrajongs ( ( 15 Pepper Trees the tram service to Norwood and Kensington through Mullawirraburka/Park During 1907-08 14 was electrified by the Municipal Tramways Trust. This work necessitated, to enable the erection of overhead wire, the removal nu around the trunks of Plane Trees “which are gr ( Pelzer’s growing tree planting and park estab 14 slowly gained the inter Mullawirraburka/Park particular started requesting measures to furthe commenced replacing the “old interior post and ra the East Park Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mulla

var ssp), Annual Melia (1880) ) and the .1880-1934 .1880-1934 Phoenix c ) were Report Schinus aeria (1880) as the ), palms ( Ulmus procera Report Ulmus procera s and roadside plantings ) and White Cedars ( allèe 1903, p. 28; 1905, pp. 41, 55; 1903, p. 28; 1905, pp. 41, Ulmus procera 1899-90, p. 204). During 1900- ) Plantations, and strategically grubbed Platanus orientalis 14, Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15). He undertook Park 14 and Ityamaiitpinna/ParkPark 14 and 15. During ) and English Elm ( 14. The original location of this depot is ting and maintenance works in the East Park Annual Report ) in 1904-1906. In 1905-06 Dequetteville ken for fear of interference with the “open europaea , Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15) internal parks ( th the Corporation to enable construction of Terrace. Shrubs were first planted in

1901, p. 41). Annual Report y together with the accompanying plant list in specimens for the Corporation of Kensington & tablished on the north-eastern corner of East reconstructing several pathways to serve as poration effectively ceased most agistment program of the Park Lands was commenced and ), English Elms ( numerous trees in Mullawirraburka/Park 14 but numerous trees in Mullawirraburka/Park along Dequetteville Terrace with additional Olea (1958) by extant hedging. In 1903 the Corporation for new plantings in the East Park Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawirraburka/Park 14, 14, Mullawirraburka/Park (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Celtis occidentalis Report Annual Report ithfully referred to and used Brown’s ithfully referred East Park Lands. Several other s were trimmed and dead wood removed, senescent allèe ) Robinia pseudoacacia ) were established dissecting Mullawirraburka/Park 14. Pelzer appears to or avenues of Oriental Planes ( 1903, p. 27). australisca ) hedge along the western boundary and planted Pepper Trees ( ) plants to achieve this objective ( allèes var australisca var ferocissium ferocissium

Annual Report 1883-84, p. 135). ) “to hide it” in future years. In 1905-06 he had to plant additional African Box-Thorn Melia azedarach Lycium Lycium established along East and Dequetteville Terraces, Rundle Bartels Roads. In addition, pedestrian path azedarach have used Brown’s Plan 23 as a planting strateg which to layout and formalise the and generally the roadside or perimeter plantations were commenced. During 1899-1900 Pelzer commenced cursory plan Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawirraburka/Park the pruning of a large portion Olive ( were also implemented. Paths were generally laid out in accordance with Brown’s perimeter plantations of Hackberry ( ( specimens and removed diseased or struggling guiding master plan for these planting activities. In Mullawirraburka/Park 14, from plan for these planting activities. In Mullawirraburka/Park guiding master 1901 he focused on renovating the avenues of trees through East Park Lands. White Cedar ( specimens grubbed and removed ( During 1902-03 Pelzer started constructing or a system of paths in the East Park Lands Kadlitpinna/Park 13, the soil was broken up and sown with grass seeds and planted with various trees in Mullawirraburka/Park 14, and the Cor bicycle tracks. Paths along Glen Osmond and Unley Roads, Lewis Cohen Avenue, were first established. While a petition was lodged wi Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15) no action was initially ta Park” ( A Corporation rubbish depot had long been es Terrace and Bartels Road in Mullawirraburka/Park reviewed its depots and rubbish tips and determined to retain the ‘Bartels rubbish dump’ for “screenings and sweepings.” To deal with this decision Pelzer established an African Box-Thorn ( molle ( 1906, pp. 41, 44, 63). 13, Major plantings appear to have commenced for the East Park Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 14, Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15 Mullawirraburka/Park Corporation’s Nurseries also nurtured suitable Norwood to plant on their side of Dequetteville Mullawirraburka/ licences for Kadlitpinna/Park 13, 1906 the Corporation continued its planting specimens of False Acacia ( indirectly noted on a plan in Veale’s As a postscript, by 1883 Pengilly had planted recorded a high theft and poor strike rate (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawirraburka/Park 14 Terrace, from Rundle to Wakefield Road, was planted with English Elms ( it appears that Pelzer somewhat fa Report With Pelzer’s appointment a rigorous planting

Annual Annual Report

ry 1917, that depicts the depicts that ry 1917, PARK/PARK 14 : 232 of Mullawirraburka/Park 14 of Mullawirraburka/Park Note the extensive pedestrian 1924, pp. 38, 88; 1926, p. 39). During 1924, pp. 38, 88; 1926, p. 39). rt of the Hutt Street road widening works, s, which also explains the existence of some of more more of of some the existence explains also s, which west and north-east flanks and west north-east gineer, Z25-15, dated 9 Februa 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure Figure Annual Report accommodate mulch and green refuse storage ssp) were planted as part of the Wattle Day League

MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL ral trees, palms, and some lawn areas were removed in the ems in Mullawirraburka/Park 14 in 1917. Mullawirraburka/Park ems in Acacia 1914, p.. 80). 1922, p. 26), and the footbridge replaced with a rusticated version ( 1922, p. 26), Annual Report 1925, p. 35). respectively with their internal circuitous pathway system pathway circuitous internal their with respectively today. areas these in extant trees ornamental evergreen and deciduous formal pathway system, the tramline and embankment arching through the centre of Mullawirraburka/Park 14, the the 14, Mullawirraburka/Park of centre the through arching embankment and tramline the system, pathway to the Gardens and Dequetteville Gardens Terrace East Extract of a ‘Map of Adelaide’ prepared by the City En prepared by of Adelaide’ Extract of a ‘Map pedestrian and tram circulation syst pedestrian and tram circulation Annual Report 1923 to 1925 2-3 earthen tennis courts were constructed 14 ( in Mullawirraburka/Park Report 1923, p. 39). During 1924, seve 1923, p. 39). During 1924, eastern portion of Mullawirraburka/Park 14 as pa from 66 feet (20.11 m) to 99 (30.17 ( the structure four wattle trees ( activities ( regraded and resurfaced, a 14 were During the 1920s pathways in Mullawirraburka/Park large pit established on the eastern flank to ( )

Platanus orientalis 1909, pp. 48, 63; 1913, pp. 49, 62), and around 1913, pp. 49, 62), and Annual Report 1917, p. 42). 1917, p. 42). ) and Oriental Planes ( 1911, p. 66), and in 1916 the “open 1911, p. Annual Report feature of the tram ride. As part of this rt and interest. During 1909 Pelzer created ly the path was surfaced in crushed rock and ders of garden beds to “prevent road dust, ders of garden Annual Report rraburka/Park 14 presented an interesting -out still today. The main paths, lined today ued in the form of tree staking and guarding, and ued in the form of tree staking and guarding, med Mullawirraburka/Park 14 into a more semi- med Mullawirraburka/Park y system. The pathway system historically with deciduous European trees, and extensive e areas were fenced, ploughed and levelled, beds ) to the left. Source: ACC Archives. Archives. ACC Source: left. the ) to Note the white painted post and wire fencing and the the and fencing wire post and white painted the Note australisca ation erected a “rustic structure around the d Mullawirraburka/Park 14 to East Terrace d Mullawirraburka/Park Figure: Figure: Mullawirraburka/Park 14. Additional paths were 14. Additional Mullawirraburka/Park 1908, pp. 20, 46; 1909, pp. 43, 47, 65). 1908, pp. 20, 46; 1909, Annual Report var Platanus orientalis Annual Report Melia azedarach young Plane Trees ( Trees Plane young Laying electricity cables in East Terrace in 1907-08. in 1907-08. Terrace in East cables electricity Laying 15) together with re-establishing the East Terrace cable-wire fencing due to road work that changed the road alignment ( This activity increasingly garnered Councillor suppo 1910, pp. 23, 51, 54). ). These measures contin the erection of “small fluted-iron” around bor blown on to the lawns” ( &c., from being storm water drains” were regraded and widened ( Accordingly, by about 1910 Pelzer had transfor new garden edges to Kadlitpinna/Park 13 an formal Victorian park, in a Gardenesque style, flower-beds at points along the internal pathwa tramways cable tower” and various climbers planted ( comprising some 4 acres (1.6ha) of works. Th plants, couch grass sown, and shrubs, trees palms planted ( appears to have always existed somewhat as laid with ageing White Cedars ( served as the main circulation structure for minor connections and circuitous routes. Original feature to users of Mullawirraurka/Park 14 as also a aesthetic enjoyment, during 1913, the Corpor in the 1920s they were re-surfaced bitumen. The imposition of the tramway through Mullawi

PARK/PARK 14 : 233 re-alignment in the 1960s to facilitate the 1960s to in re-alignment 15. The photograph depicts in detail depicts in photograph The 15. (1958) dealt with Parks and Gardens , he proposed a “series of small lakes, but of an 18-hole golf course. Veale proposed towards the renovation and development of noted that the “low-lying area adjacent to the nds as established by Pelzer including avenues of trees, trees, of avenues including by Pelzer established as nds awirraburka/Park 14 with the creation of an area of Adelaide depicting the Eastern Park Lands Lands Park the Eastern depicting area of Adelaide nt site as a basis for the formation of shallow te also the small buildings at the location of the Bartels location of the the small buildings at te also

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure s (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawirraburka/Park 14 s (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawirraburka/Park Report No. 4 0.9m] in depth …” (Veale 1958, p. 114). 0.9m] in gether with redevelopment of the River rows. Source: Adelaide of University Source: rows. East Park Lands (Kadlitpinna/Park 13,

MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL llawirraburka/Park 14 following a road llawirraburka/Park Also, note the detailed garden design for the present Bridgland Fountain Fountain Bridgland present the for design garden detailed the note Also, rraburka/Park 14 and Ityamaiitpinna/Park 14 and Ityamaiitpinna/Park rraburka/Park pedestrian pathway systems, the Tramline Embankment, the garden environment at the the at environment garden the Embankment, Tramline the systems, pathway pedestrian Extract of a 1936 aerial photograph of the metropolitan the of photograph aerial Extract of a 1936 (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawi La Park Eastern in the gardens and parks the of extant the perimeter plantings, today. Rymill Lake of site present excised off the Mu precinct that was an easy passage from Hutt Street into East Terrace. No Terrace. East into Street Hutt from passage an easy hedge encircling their with yard Road works

William CD Veale, undertook a study – August 1957 the Town Clerk, Colonel During March tour of council organisations and facilities in Europe North America, submitted his reports on various topics in October 1958. (Veale 1958) and made sweeping recommendations several parks around the Park Lands, to Torrens/Karrawirra Parri edges and the development also a major renovation of the East Park Land and Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15), specifically for Mull ornamental feature lake. In terms of and Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15) 14 Mullawirraburka/Park one only initially” in Mullawirraburka/Park 14. He water course (Botanic Creek) provides an excelle lakes or ponds from two to three feet [0.6-

Terrace Markets opposite the East opposite nced in 1957. Three lawns were established nced in 1957. Three Figure on of Mullawirraburka/Park 14. Works to 14. on of Mullawirraburka/Park the present Kintore Avenue road reserve bhouse facility that was opened by Premier Sir d East Terrace Gardens, located Pelzer. Pelzer. y recinct, as established b p Photograph in 1928 of the now-remove Photograph in

Thomas Playford on 19 July 1958. Decorative polychrome brick and cast iron ceremonial entry gates were also presented to the Club in 1958 by Len Beasley. From the 1930s to early 1960s little planting changes and works occurred on used as 14 was Second World War Mullawirraburka/Park During the 14. Mullawirraburka/Park a army training camp. 1960s was the relocation of Adelaide Probably the main change during 1930s to early Bowling Club from the northern portion of (Karrawirra/Park 12) to a north-eastern porti and facilities comme establish the Club grounds around a cream brick veneer low gabled clu

se by it is envisaged that succeeding years. There is often termed “a rest

PARK/PARK 14 : 234 d be developed with shrubs, charm, as well as a most ) along the Botanic Creek described as the blossoming and adjacent pleasure grounds, h there are several excellent specimens, seats ) was removed due its shade and root al. Some sixty-four rose beds, containing Salix babylonica be planted in lawns and clo loped and beautified during d in 1960, with a bronze plaque on white ale for a rose garden to be established in the would provide a park which s, erection of a Carey Gully-stone faced kiosk the site of lake shoul se gardens was focused around a large existing erling 2003, p. 109). Glover also dedicated and erling 2003, p. 109). Glover ted by the Rose Society, were quickly laid out (Veale 1958, p. 117). (Veale 1958, p. 117). bronze sundial was also erected in the main over a hundred feet [30m]” (Sumerling 2003, p. a/Park 14 was officially opened, the National approved by the Corporation in months cluding the present trees. This would provide an eas after commencement would require a period of becoming one of the great ark 14/Rymill Park today serves as a major y students. It was opened on 24 September ng tribute to the City Gardener Benjamin JE 1997 the Rose Garden was extended to south,

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES cluded the removal of now disused Bartels veliest in South Australia”. Citizens were veliest in South Australia”. Citizens 1960) who was one of the proponents Rose Ficus macrophylla Under the trees, of whic gn in the establishment of lake the excitement of what might be

(1958), and works commenced in 1959-1960 to create the MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL ), and “was in the form of a wheel with semi-circular beds in a both children and adults Report Ficus macrophylla etc. and appropriate paths, the planting of trees in excellent approach to the lake and, at same time area” overseas. The area adjacent to the lake, in general terms, would playing areas would be established. could be placed. The initial establishment of the lake and park ar approximately six months, but it could be further deve It is proposed that this park east of East Terrace to which, if successfully used could result in this area is a wide scope for imaginative desi popular pleasure park for 14 was Veale’s dream for Mullawirraburka/Park following submission of his lake, playground, and to re-organise the pathway system to accommodate the lake. His dream has since become reality and Mullawirraburka/P recreational venue for Adelaide. The works in Road rubbish depot, extensive re-contouring work ( and toilet blocks, the planting out of all Willows p. 109). watercourse (Sumerling 2003, before the new Mullawirraburk Just four months Rose Society of South Australia negotiated with Ve south-eastern corner of Mullawirraburka/Park 14. Based on the Queen Mary Gardens in main feature of the ro Regent’s Park, London, the Moreton Bay Fig ( lawn-setting radiating from the tree to a depth of 109). Veale eagerly accepted this donation and propos over three thousand plants with 1,200 being dona and planted, but the Moreton Bay Fig ( impacts upon the proposed garden. A memorial rose garden in memory to HL Lipman (1889- Garden proposal. The renovated Mullawirraburka/Park 14 was opene granite boulder unveiled. Lord Mayor Charles John Glover opened “Rymill Park”, naming it 16 April 1961, maki after Sir , on Bone for his endeavours, and calling it “the lo reminded that they were “living in period of ideas gleaned by the Town Clerk” (Sum opened the Rose Garden on the same day. In an arbour erected and paving undertaken, and additional rose beds established under a Program for secondar Vocational Skill Training 1997. (Veale is indicated in Figure (Veale 1958, p. 116). (Veale 1958, p. 116). , although it is not used to any deep and in its greatest width he excellent and large trees h afternoon teas, soft drinks, etc., ke would contribute to its safety East Terrace to approximately the located in the centre of lake which work. The lake would cover an area of [0.9m] the lake. It could also be used for canoeing in of creating small artificial lakes in the East owing the survey of site brightly coloured tables and chairs. It is proposed a lake and the resultant use which could be made of ry overcrowded on week-ends and public holidays … little distance from the lake, in which fixed tables and allow lakes overseas as pleasure centres for supervised by attendants wearing rubber waders this purpose because of t This venue “could include some special sure grounds’ would entice the need for picnic that the establishment of the lakes containing water and adjacent recreation spaces would involve a an Elephant as well slippery dips, swings, Regent’s Park, London” ction draw for families and children, Veale also d the former tramway embankment as much (Veale 1958, p. 117). in length be placed as illustrated in … Houston. easure ground development in Park 14 over the whole area extending from small cost. The shallowness of the la would be a practical undertaking … east of East Terrace. as marquee could be erected from whic [45.72m] , would be approximately 3 feet anting activities of Pengilly and Pelzer but retention most ke should be either of concrete or stone- and it is proposed that a small island be [182m] [975.8 m²] [106m], The location selected for additional pl During recent years, Elder Gardens have become ve throughout the year at this location appreciable extent at present, is ideally suited for for its use this purpose and the canoes could be Parklands, Park No. 14, adjacent to the natural water course therein located, at a distance of approximately 200 yards As a result of these investigations, it is reported … preliminary investigations … as to the practicability located therein, and requires only the focal feature of Small spray fountains could be made a special feature of small canoes hired to children at a 1958, pp. 114-115). it, to create a potentially very popular area. The position and shape of the shallow lake designed foll In an area near to the lake a canv No. 8, page 116. The water line edge of the la 102,000 square feet would be 350 feet would be approximately 150 feet Provision could also be made for a picnic area at fixed seats, together with a barbeque, could could be served on properly graded lawns provided with that this park should be landscaped western fence of the Adelaide Bowling Club Before making these recommendations he undertook: In considering the lake proposal, and its attra proposed the creation of a playground adjacent. features, such as small ponies cast in concrete, junglegyms, horizontal bars, etc. … The use of sh children is illustrated … in Belfast and also possible. Veale reiterated this strategy by stating: With such a transformation, the use of the ‘plea venues and enable the sale of foodstuffs. Veale envisaged this need in his proposals: Overall, the proposed works to create lake major renovation of the original pl of the mature trees along pedestrian paths an

burka/Park 14 including the construction of of construction the 14 including burka/Park of the extant hedges in the bottom centre of the plan, plan, bottom centre of the in the the extant hedges of

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES

MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL PARK/PARK 14 : 235 that depicts a major renovation for Mullawirra renovation for depicts a major that Report ing. ls Road Works Yard indirectly indicated by the inclusion inclusion the Works Yard indirectly indicated by ls Road (1958, p. 115)

Figure Parks and Gardens destrian pathways and additional new seat additional new pathways and destrian ven’ and ‘landing’, removal of the Barte ‘landing’, removal of the and ven’ works as proposed by Veale in his as proposed by Veale works Botanic Creek, and changes to existing Botanic Creek, pe onnecting pedestrian footbridges, a ‘boat ha a footbridges, pedestrian onnecting ured Figure 8 of landscape design design 8 of landscape ured Figure a large lake feature with island and interc feature with island a large lake ‘waterfall’ on pools’ and a ‘terraced wading Black and white version of water-colo Black

of

Mogata Olea ), Fraxinus ), Norfolk allèes ‘Italica’), Eucalyptus ), Olive ( Cupressus Populus nigra Populus alba

Populus nigra PARK/PARK 14 : 236 confertus

), Oriental Planes ), Golden Ash ( ssp), River She-Oak ssp), River She-Oak to this park that ), Canary Island Pine ), Norfolk Island Pine 2005, p. 68). 2005, p. 68). ). Eucalyptus camaldulensis Photinia et al ), Italian Poplar ( Lophostemon Ulmus procera ), Monterey Cypress ( Pangki ), Italian Poplar ( ssp), White Popular ( Pinus halepensis of medium landscape significance in terms gnificant park landscape in the city if not ), Photinia ( en precinct, is characterised by the Oriental Brachychiton acerifolius associated with Kaurna encampments in and ‘Aurea’). ‘Aurea’). e. Pangki was an Aboriginal tracker ). It also includes specimen plantings of Red- still retains much of its original axial pathway Phoenix canariensis recognition of the wife ‘King John’ or a/Park 14 is characterised by lines or nd on the lake were renovated to a stone and occurred in 1957-1960 to the create present occurred in 1957-1960 on, still possesses the original English Elm Gardenesque landscape as laid out by Pengilly Melaleuca armillaris

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES In conjunction with these original plantings it proposed by Amery through the toponym Callistemon .1845) (Draper .1845) vities it now hosts. It possesses much of the ace that made an important contribution to the d ), River Red Gum ( to accommodate Rymill Lake and rose garden ), English Elms ( Cupressus macrocarpa ), Queensland Box ( allèe. macrocarpa

surrounded by an open light forest of mainly Australian Jacaranda mimosifolia the south-western portion of main White Cedar ssp), Aleppo Pine ( allèe Eucalyptus camaldulensis Corymbia citriodora Celtis occidentalis MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL australisca Cupressus ), Callistemon ( pedestrian is unknown. However, the Corporation adopted toponym var Ficus macrophylla Gleditsia ), Illawarra Flame Tree ( ), Jacaranda ( ), Canary Island Palms ( Platanus orientalis ) pedestrian ), and Bracelet Melaleuca ( australisca) pangki ) and Hackberry ( ), River Red Gum ( var Melia azedarach Ulmus procera ) street tree plantings and Eucalyptus erythorcorys ), Lemon-scented Gum ( ), Moreton Bay Fig ( ‘Aurea’), Gleditsia ( Eucalyptus spathulata ), and Golden Cypress ( Platanus orientalis Platanus orientalis Ulmus procera Melia azedarach Pinus canariensis Allocasuarina cunninghamii Araucaria heterophylla europaea ‘Italica’), Oriental Plane ( The eastern portion, roughly east of the Rose Gard In 1999 the two foot bridges connecting the isla metal design prepared by Grieve Gillett Architects. Johnston & Elphinstone (1983) deemed the Garden of its ‘historical and aesthetic’ values, and a pl streetscape. the toponym pp. 270-271) proposed Amery (1997; 2002, recognised the name of a Kaurna tracker and guid that accompanied Moorhouse on his travels to Lake Bonney and the Rufus River in 1841. The nomenclature of Mullawirraburka. The toponym was originally for the Park Land block Kadlitpinna/Park 13 in King John was directly Mullawirraburka, Mogata. around Botanic Park and the Main Lake in Botanic Gardens. Schürmann recorded his full ( name as Kua Kartammeru Mullawirraburka si Park is a 14/Rymill Today, Mullawirraburka/Park Adelaide as a whole given the recreational acti underpinnings of a semi-formal Victorian style and Pelzer, but has been severely modified feature. Notwithstanding these modifications, it 14 configuration. This style is supported by several of the plantings in Mullawirraburka/Park which are much broader in their species than Kadlitpinna/Park Park 15 13 or Ityamaiitpinna/ because of the extensive renovations works that landscape. The Mullawirraburka/Park 14 landscape can be conceptually divided into three portions. The central and main portion of Mullawirraburk White Cedars ( ( cap Gum ( ( ( includes specimens of Monterey Cypress ( Plane ( species and typical Pelzer used species. These include South Australian Blue Gum ( acerifolius The western portion, across Hutt Street extensi leucoxylon Mallet ( ( English Elm ( macrocarpa ( (

The Advertiser haven’ reinvented with a reinvented with haven’ line Embankment was bushed was bushed line Embankment comparing this plan to the preceding preceding to the this plan comparing d, a new playground was installed to the north- to the was installed d, a new playground fashioned by the council into a feature of positioned a concrete statue of ‘Piccanniny’ and re-position Hutt Street so that it swept d in size/volume, the ‘boat the d in size/volume, rdens, unveiled 18 December 1962. A circular rdens, unveiled 18 December 1962. A circular ago was anything but a wonderland vantage point. etermined to close the southern portion of East Figure Figure phine and Norman Lewis and inspired by the , overlooking the Lake from a raised vantage point, s beautification venture” (Cameron 1997, pp. 126- was employed and the Tram and employed was Alice realigned and repositione and realigned top of a white granite plinth. This feature echoed Veale’s tructed and planted, dated 11 July 1962. In 1962. July dated 11 planted, tructed and landing and kiosk, pedestrian pathways and kiosk, pedestrian landing Archives. ACC Source: up with shrubbery. east of the Lake, a different tree clumping strategy tree a different east of the Lake, Plan of Rymill Park, as cons Plan of Rymill 1958 plan it will be noted that the Lake has been reduce Lake the 1958 plan it will be noted that with a bronze water container on 128). The playground was also created, and adjacent to it recommendations as to the installation of feature artworks appropriate for children. As part of these works the Corporation also d reminded its readers that “this site three years It was a former rubbish dump which has now been one of the most picturesque of the parkland Terrace, adjacent to the former Tramways Depot, into Mullawirraburka/Park 14 and allowed traffic to directly egress Grenfell Street. As part of these works a new circular fountain was positioned in this Park remnant and opened by Lord on 19 December 1966. Mayor Walter L Bridgland idea for a marquee was formalised into Carey Gully stone-During the early 1970s Veale’s rendered pavilion overlooking the Lake. statue of Peter Pan in London’s Kensington Ga statue of Peter Pan in London’s frieze around the base of the statue depicts figures tumbling over and crowding each other, including the White Rabbit, Tweedledum and Tweedledee a Cheshire Cat. was installed, arising from a donation by Jose In 1962 John Dowie’s bronze statue of

PARK/PARK 14 : 237 maiitpinna/Park 15). Its vulnerability is in

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES and general character of Mullawirraburka/Park listically inappropriate plantings being introduced

MULLAWIRRABURKA/RYMILL be viewed and managed together as a consistent entity notionally as the ‘East Park Lands’ Itya (Kadlitpinna/Park 13, Mullawirraburka/Park 14, not having a master plan and the risk of sty into and compromising the circulation system 14. . var ), Kurrajong ), Pepper Tree Fraxinus angustifolia Ulmus procera Corymbia citriodora a/Park 15 and it is important that the three ), and Desert Ash ( ssp, English Elm ( ically been managed and planted in close Pyrus ), halepensis

Pinus ), Lemon-scented Gum ( Olea europaea ), Olive ( ), Aleppo Pine ( Lagunaria patersonii molle var ‘Raywoodii’). Schinus aeria Brachychiton populneus Island Hibiscus ( ( ( oxycarpa 14/Rymill Park has histor Mullawirraburka/Park parallel with Kadlitpinna/Park 13 and Ityamaiitpinn