Daventry District Council
Local Air Quality Management – Updating and Screening Assessment
Ref: RKH/HH/Air Quality July 2003
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Daventry District Council LAQM USA July 2003
CONTENTS Page
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...... 1
2 INTRODUCTION ...... 2
2.1 Project Background...... 2
2.2 Legislative Background...... 2
2.3 Scope of USA...... 3
2.4 Assessment Criteria...... 4
2.5 Reporting of USA...... 5
3 LOCAL BACKGROUND CONCENTRATIONS...... 6
4 MONITORING DATA...... 8
4.1 Carbon Monoxide (CO) ...... 8
4.2 Benzene...... 8
4.3 1,3-Butadiene...... 9
4.4 Lead ...... 9
4.5 Nitrogen Dioxide...... 10
4.6 Sulphur Dioxide...... 13
4.7 Particulate matter - PM10 ...... 13
5 INDUSTRIAL SOURCES...... 16
5.1 Part A Processes ...... 16
5.2 Part B Processes...... 16
5.3 Petrol Stations...... 21
5.4 Major Fuel Storage Depots ...... 24
5.5 Areas of Domestic Coal Burning ...... 24
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5.6 Shipping ...... 24
5.7 Railways...... 24
5.8 Airports ...... 24
5.9 Other Sources...... 24
6 ROAD TRAFFIC SOURCES ...... 25
6.1 Main Roads...... 25
6.2 Significant Junctions...... 30
6.3 Bus Stations...... 30
7 AREAS WITH COMBINED IMPACTS...... 31
8 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS...... 32
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LIST OF TABLES Page Table 2.1 USA Assessment Criteria ...... 4 Table 3.1 Background Concentrations in DDC based on National Archive Mapping...... 6 Table 4.1 Benzene diffusion tube results (in µg/m3) for 1999-2001 carried out in DDC...... 9
Table 4.2 Locations and annual average NO2 diffusion tube concentrations in 2002 and 2005 (projected) ...... 11
Table 4.3 Location of PM10 OSIRIS continuous analyser in DDC...... 13
Table 4.4 PM10 monitoring data Guilsborough School site...... 15 Table 5.1 Part B processes in Daventry District ...... 17 Table 5.2 Petrol Stations in DDC...... 23 Table 5.3 Location of stone quarry in Daventry ...... 24 Table 6.1 Daventry District Council traffic data...... 27 Table 6.2 DMRB receptor locations and predicted concentrations in µg/m3...... 28
Table 6.3 DMRB predicted annual average NO2 2005 at diffusion tube locations along the M1 ...... 29
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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY An Updating and Screening Assessment (USA) of air quality has been completed by Daventry District Council (DDC), as required under Part IV of the Environment Act, 1995, which requires local authorities throughout the UK to periodically review and assess air quality within its boundaries. The Council has completed the previous round of review and assessment. Based on its findings no Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) has been declared in DDC. The purpose of the USA is to again determine the likelihood of attaining current air quality standards and objectives. This necessitates re-visiting those sources of pollution within the Council’s area, whilst simultaneously considering any changes that have taken place since the first round of review and assessment. This includes consideration to revised/new air quality standards and objectives, revisions to road traffic emission factors, abatement strategies for industrial processes, new monitoring data, and the recently updated technical guidance made available to local authorities for fulfilling this duty. Results show that for all Part A processes no further assessment is required. All Part B processes comply with their emission limits. Hence no further assessment is required for Part B processes. Moreover, screening assessment of petrol stations indicated that no further assessment is required for petrol stations. For road traffic sources, monitoring and screening assessment indicate that there are
exceedances of annual average NO2 2005 objective at certain locations along the M1 motorway. These exceedences occur at the most heavily trafficked sections of the M1. Predictions have been compared with bias-corrected diffusion tube results, which show that the predictive model (the Highways Agency’s Design Manual for Roads and Bridges (DMRB)) has performed relatively well. Results from the screening assessment,
alongside the monitoring results, indicate that further assessment of NO2 is required for the sections along the M1, where relevant exposure of the public is fulfilled. th No predicted exceedances of annual average PM10 or the 90 percentile of 24 hour th mean PM10 have been shown to occur. Nor is the 99.8 percentile 1-hour NO2 objective shown to be a problem anywhere in DDC. The tabular summary below highlights the main conclusions for each pollutant: Pollutant Conclusion Carbon monoxide (CO) No further work required Benzene No further work required 1,3-Butadiene No further work required Lead (Pb) No further work required
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) Detailed assessment required
Sulphur dioxide (SO2) No further work required
Fine particulates (PM10) No further work required
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2 INTRODUCTION
2.1 Project Background Daventry District Council (DDC) carried out an Updating and Screening Assessment (USA) of air pollution sources that may affect local air quality within the Daventry area. The USA is required to be undertaken as part of the local authority’s statutory duties as defined within Part IV of the Environment Act, 1995. Daventry District Council had carried out the previous review and assessment reports, which includes the Stage 11 and Stage 22 assessments. The purpose of this review was to examine information relating to air quality in the area and to identify the current and future potential air quality issues for the district. The Stage 2 review and assessment, based on this report, has not identified any sites within the Daventry District which are likely to fail the Governments’ air quality objectives as detailed in its Air Quality Strategy. No Air Quality Management Areas were declared in Daventry. The results of the previous First Round have concluded that air pollution monitoring should continue across the District and be extended to include those other sites close to the M1 motorway to confirm that they will also comply with the annual objective for
NO2. These continuing investigations would be reviewed in this round of review and assessment of air quality that is due for completion by the end of 2003.
2.2 Legislative Background Part IV of the Environment Act, 1995, places a statutory duty on local authorities to periodically review and assess the air quality within their area. This involves consideration of present and likely future air quality against air quality standards and objectives. Guidelines for the ‘Review and Assessment’ of local air quality were published in the 1997 National Air Quality Strategy (NAQS) 3 and associated guidance and technical guidance. The original 1997 Strategy was reviewed in 1999 and replaced with the revised Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland4. Standards and objectives for seven pollutants were prescribed through the Air Quality Regulations 20005. In 2002 these Regulations were amended6 to reflect changes in objectives and also to include some new objectives. Moreover, the Air Quality Strategy (AQS) has recently been amended to reflect further changes in pollutant objectives, with the recently released (February 2003), Addendum to the AQS7. New Technical Guidance (LAQM.TG(03))8 and Policy Guidance (LAQM.PG(03))9 were issued on behalf of Defra in January 2003. This guidance sets the framework for the requirements of review and assessment for future years, taking account of experiences from the previous rounds of review and assessment.
1 Stage 1 Daventry District Council Air Quality Review and Assessment 2 Stage 2 Local Air Quality Review and Assessment Daventry District Council 3 DoE (1997) The United Kingdom Nation Air Quality Strategy The Stationery Office 4 DETR (2000) The Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland – Working together for Clean Air, The Stationery Office 5 DETR (2000) The Air Quality Regulations 2000, The Stationery Office 6 Defra (2002) The Air Quality Regulations 2002, The Stationery Office 7 Defra (2003) The Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland: Addendum, The Stationery Office 8 Defra (2003) Technical Guidance LAQM.TG(03), Part IV of the Environment Act 1995, Local Air Quality Management, The Stationery Office 9 Defra (2003) Policy Guidance LAQM.PG(03), Part IV of the Environment Act 1995, Local Air Quality Management, The Stationery Office
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2.3 Scope of USA The USA should identify those matters that have changed since the last review and assessment (the First Round), whilst additionally identifying those sources that may lead to an air quality objective being exceeded. A series of checklist for pollutants, and different screening tools for industrial and road traffic sources may be used in order determine those sources that may have significant contributions to potential exceedances of the air quality objectives. It is important to recognise that during previous assessment information, such as road traffic data, may only have been collated for those roads considered to be important at the time of the previous assessments, and in relation to the risk of exceedance of objectives set at the time. During previous rounds this has concentrated on motorways and roads with traffic flows greater than 20,000 vehicles per day. However, the new technical guidance10 indicates that, in some cases where there is relevant exposure, roads with approximately 10,000 vehicles per day may lead to exceedances of the
objectives (particularly NO2 and PM10). Daventry District Council has approached the USA as an opportunity to collate a new set of baseline information for the major sources of air pollution within the authority’s boundary. This includes identifying all Part A and Part B processes, re-collecting the information on the site locations and emissions data (where available), and reviewing all traffic data available for locations within the authority’s boundary. The newly collated source data will be used to screen the relevant sources following the new technical guidance. The data will also be useful for future reviews of air quality and progress reports. Where a risk of exceeding an air quality objective at relevant exposure locations has been identified through the USA, a detailed assessment is required (due to be reported by April 2004). The detailed assessment should identify with reasonable certainty whether or not a likely exceedance will occur.
10 Defra (2003) Technical Guidance LAQM.TG(03), Part IV of the Environment Act 1995, Local Air Quality Management, The Stationery Office
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2.4 Assessment Criteria The objectives included in the Air Quality (England) Regulations, 2000, and Air Quality (England)(Amendment) Regulations, 2002, provide the over-arching themes to which local air quality management and the process of review and assessment responds. These are summarised below in Table 2.1 for the seven pollutants of concern.
Table 2.1 USA Assessment Criteria
Pollutant Air Quality Objective Date to be achieved by Concentration Measured as Benzene All authorities 16.25 µg/m3 running annual mean 31.12.2003 Authorities in England and 5.00 µg/m3 annual mean 31.12.2010 Wales only 1,3 Butadiene 2.25 µg/m3 running annual mean 31.12.2003 Carbon monoxide 10.0 mg/m3 maximum daily 8-hour 31.12.2003 Authorities in England, Wales mean and Northern Ireland only a Lead 0.5 µg/m3 annual mean 31.12.2004 0.25 µg/m3 annual mean 31.12.2008 Nitrogen dioxide c 200 µg/m3 not to be 1 hour mean 31.12.2005 exceeded more than 18 times a year annual mean 31.12.2005 40 µg/m3
Particles (PM10) 50 µg/m3 not to be 24 hour mean 31.12.2004 (gravimetric)d exceeded more than 35 All authorities times a year annual mean 31.12.2004 40 µg/m3 Sulphur dioxide 350 µg/m3 not to be 1 hour mean 31.12.2004 exceeded more than 24 times a year 24 hour mean 31.12.2004 125 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 3 times a year 15 minute mean 31.12.2005 266 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year a. In Northern Ireland none of the objectives are currently in regulation. Air Quality (Northern Ireland) Regulations are scheduled for consultation early in 2003. b. The Air Quality Objective in Scotland has been defined in Regulations as the running 8-hour mean, in practice this is equivalent to the maximum daily running 8-hour mean. c. The objectives for nitrogen dioxide are provisional. d. Measured using the European gravimetric transfer sampler or equivalent. e. These 2010 Air Quality Objectives for PM 10 apply in Scotland only, as set out in the Air Quality (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2002.
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The 2010 objectives for PM10 are not currently included in the Regulations for the purposes of LAQM in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Consequently, authorities outside of Scotland have no obligation to review and assess air quality against them but some consideration of these longer-term objectives will be given in order to assist in long term planning and possible requirements for future assessment. For example, where potential problems with these objectives are highlighted, they should be given additional consideration in future LAQM assessments and progress reports.
2.5 Reporting of USA The USA is reported in the following order so that the data used for sources can be clearly identified, and the process of deciding and justifying the need for any further detailed assessment is set out clearly. The following sections provide further details with respect to the specific aspects of the USA highlighted below:
1) Background Concentrations 2) Monitoring Data 3) Industrial Sources Part A Processes Part B Processes Petrol Stations Major Fuel Storage Depots Areas of Domestic Coal Burning Shipping Railways Other Sources 4) Road Traffic Sources Main Roads Significant Junctions Other roads Bus Stations 5) Areas with Combined Impacts 6) Conclusions and Recommendations
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3 LOCAL BACKGROUND CONCENTRATIONS Background air quality data for DDC was obtained from NETCEN, made available through the Air Quality Information Archive located at www.airquality.co.uk which allows the user to download information files containing background concentrations for individual authorities. The background concentrations are provided for 2001 as a base year. These are required to be projected for relevant assessment years, which, for the purposes of the LAQM USA are the same as the date by which objectives are required to be achieved. For the projection of background concentrations to other years the methodology described on the Dispersion Modelling Helpdesk has been used11. Table 3.1 shows the range of background concentrations within DDC for each of the pollutants and relevant objective years. It is noteworthy of comment that changes have occurred in the background pollutant concentrations from those used in the previous round of review and assessment. For example in the last round of review and
assessment (Stage 2 Review and Assessment) used a background PM10 concentration of 3 14.8 µg/m (for 2004), which is lower than the current NETCEN background PM10 2004 concentration of 18.2 µg/m3. Such changes in background concentrations are likely to have an affect in the overall total pollutant concentrations, once locally contributions from sources have been considered. These are taken into consideration in the results reported within this assessment.
Table 3.1 Background Concentrations in DDC based on National Archive Mapping
NOx Background Concentrations (µg/m3 ) 2001 2005 2010 Min 26.1 21.6 17.2 Max 77.3 54.7 60.6 Range 51.2 33.1 43.4
3 NO2 Background Concentrations (µg/m ) 2001 2005 2010 Min 18.2 16.0 13.5 Max 38.5 30.4 32.6 Range 20.3 14.4 19.1
11 Y.Brown (2003), Guidance Note for Use of Projection Factors for Background and Roadside pollutant concentrations. http://www.casellastanger.com/JointProjects/Detail.asp?id=88&jointprojectid=7
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Table 3.1 (cont’d)
3 PM10 Background Concentrations (µg/m , gravimetric) Secondary PM10 2001 2004 2010 2001 Min 17.9 17.2 16.0 7.7 Max 20.7 19.9 18.4 8.1 Range 2.8 2.7 2.4 0.4
SO2 Background Concentrations
(µg/m3 ) 2001 2005 Min 2.17 1.63 Max 7.43 5.57 Range 5.26 3.95
CO Background Concentrations
(mg/m3 ) 2001 2003 Min 0.230 0.190 Max 0.340 0.281 Range 0.110 0.091
Benzene Background Concentrations (µg/m3 ) 2001 2003 2010 Min 0.206 0.184 0.149 Max 0.513 0.454 0.352 Range 0.307 0.270 0.203
1,3-Butadiene Background
Concentrations (µg/m3 ) 2001 2003 Min 0.100 0.082 Max 0.208 0.170 Range 0.108 0.088
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4 MONITORING DATA The following sub-sections provide further updates with respect to monitoring of air pollutants carried out within the authority’s area. It draws upon existing local data sets and, where necessary, national data sets, which highlight the current monitoring position within the authority’s area and whether there is evidence to show (through monitoring alone) whether there is a likelihood of existing any of the current national air quality objectives.
4.1 Carbon Monoxide (CO) There is no monitoring of carbon monoxide (CO) undertaken by Daventry District Council. However, CO is monitored at a number of sites across the UK as part of the UK Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN). Additionally, CO is modelled nationally at locations adjacent to major roads – the main emission source being road transport. The results of the UK monitoring work show that a summary of the measured maximum daily running 8-hour mean CO concentrations at UK national sites showed no measured exceedences of the 2003 objective for any site between 1999 – 2001. However, a general trend of higher concentrations at kerbside or roadside sites is observed when compared to those results for urban background or urban centre locations, confirming that road traffic is the main source of CO. Results of the national modelling work suggest that existing policies will be sufficient to reduce maximum daily running 8-hour mean concentrations to below the 2003 objective of 10 mg/m3. At the local perspective, no AQMA has been declared within the First Round of review and assessment on CO. However, in order to dismiss CO as a pollutant of concern in the Second Round it is important to consider the relevant background CO concentrations across the district. Table 3.1 shows the range of CO concentrations across the area on a 1km x 1km resolution basis and shows that no concentration is above the threshold limit of 1 mg/m3 in 2003.
4.2 Benzene Road traffic is the main source of benzene in the UK. However, results from the First Round of review and assessment has also considered emissions from petrol stations in the vicinity of residential properties in closer detail. Consequently, it is these two sources that provide the focus of attention with respect to benzene in the current work. Benzene diffusion tube monitoring has been carried out within the Daventry District in order to check compliance with the current air quality standards and objectives. Results (Table 4.1) for the period 1999 – 2001 of measured concentrations at all 5 sites in DDC show that levels of benzene were significantly below the 2003 running annual mean objective of 16.25 µg/m3. The latest results for monitoring (2001) were compared to the new 2010 objective of 5 µg/m3 show that no site is above objective.
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Table 4.1 Benzene diffusion tube results (in µg/m3) for 1999-2001 carried out in DDC. Location X Y 1999 2000 2001 Coordinate Coordinate MOULTON 478499.1 266392.4 2.4 3.0 3.1 NASEBY 468857.3 278005.9 1.1 1.3 2.1 LILBOURNE 456472.9 276856.8 1.1(Watford) 1.3 1.8 WOODFORD 454556.4 252836.7 1.4 1.6 2.2 HALSE DAVENTRY 457591.9 261745.6 1.8 1.6 3.6 (London Road)
At the local perspective, no AQMA has been declared within the First Round of review and assessment on benzene. However, in order to dismiss benzene as a pollutant of concern in the Second Round it is also important to consider the relevant background concentrations across Daventry in 2010. Table 3.1 shows the range of benzene concentrations across the area on a 1km x 1km resolution basis within DDC and shows that the 2010 background levels are all less than 2 µg/m3 – the threshold levels for further consideration in the vicinity of ‘very busy’ roads and junctions.
4.3 1,3-Butadiene There is no monitoring of 1,3-butadiene undertaken by Daventry District Council. However, 1,3-butadiene is monitored at a number of sites across the UK as part of the UK national network monitoring sites. The main source of 1,3-butadiene in UK is emissions from motor vehicle exhausts. There has been substantial decrease in 1,3- butadiene emissions from vehicles due to the fact that increasing number of vehicles are fitted with 3-way catalysts. The other source of 1,3-butadiene are industrial processes which handle, store or emit it. There are no such industrial sources, which handle, emit or store this pollutant, in the district. Results for the period 1999 – 2001 of measured concentrations at urban and roadside sites show that levels of 1,3-butadiene were significantly below the 2003 maximum running annual mean objective of 2.25 µg/m3. The latest results for monitoring (2001) show that Marylebone Road (a kerbside site) is also below the value at a measured annual mean of 1.63 µg/m3. All other sites are well below that measured at this site.
4.4 Lead Since the banning of sales of leaded petrol across Member States of the European Union on 1 January 2000 road traffic emissions are no longer considered as a significant source of lead in air. However, results from the first round indicate that it is likely to be certain hot-spot locations in the vicinity of industrial processes that would be the focus of attention for the current (second) round - the single largest industrial
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source is from the manufacture of batteries. Other industrial sources include pigment for paints and glazing, in alloys and tank lining and piping. Lead concentrations are unlikely to be a problem in future years while there are no such major sources within DDC.
4.5 Nitrogen Dioxide
Monitoring for NO2 has been undertaken in DDC using passive methods for a number of years. In this section the data from the on-going NO2 monitoring programmes within DDC in the year 2002 is assessed. No continuous monitoring of NO2 has been undertaken in DDC. Passive diffusion tube data
Daventry District Council has used passive diffusion tubes to ascertain NO2 concentrations throughout the area. The tubes are prepared and analysed by Gradko (UKAS accredited laboratory) using the 50% TEA in water method.
Location details and annual average NO2 concentrations for 2002 and projected 2005 concentrations are shown in Table 4.2.
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Table 4.2 Locations and annual average NO2 diffusion tube concentrations in 2002 and 2005 (projected)
Site ID Address X co-ord Y co-ord No. of Site 2002 NO2 Bias Projected Bias months of classification (µg/m3) corrected 2005 NO2 corrected 3 data 2002 NO2 (µg/m ) projected (µg/m3) NO2 2005 (µg/m3) 1 London Rd, Daventry(NBC) 457592.1 261745.7 12 K 15.8 22.0 14.6 20.2 2 The Inlands, Daventry(NBC) 457437.5 262110.4 12 I 15.0 20.8 14.0 19.5 3 The Westway, Daventry(NBC) 457552.9 261599.2 12 B 15.9 22.2 14.9 20.7 4 Lindrick Close, Daventry(NBC) 458433.4 262635.0 10 B 16.6 23.0 15.5 21.5 5 New Hallfields Fm, Naseby(NBC) 469176.3 278203.6 11 K 18.2 25.2 16.7 23.2 6 High Street, Naseby(NBC) 469032.8 278111.8 12 I 18.7 25.9 17.4 24.2 7 The School, Naseby(NBC) 468857.2 278005.5 11 B 17.5 24.3 16.3 22.6 8 Farm Cottage, Naseby(NBC) 468754.4 277581.5 12 B 13.8 19.2 12.9 17.9 9 A361, Byfield 451734.0 253421.2 12 K 18.1 25.2 16.7 23.2 10 Church Close, Byfield 451752.1 253386.1 12 I 15.7 21.8 14.6 20.3 11 Beckets Close, Byfield 451827.0 253203.9 11 B 14.2 19.8 13.3 18.4 12 Boddington rd. 451669.9 253508.2 11 B 16.9 23.5 15.8 21.9 13 A428, West Haddon 462960.2 271794.5 12 K 24.3 33.8 22.4 31.1 14 Watford Road, West Haddon 462930.1 271745.7 12 I 20.9 29.0 19.5 27.1 15 Syles Close, West Haddon 462695.8 272245.5 12 B 15.3 21.3 14.3 19.9 16 Morrison Park Road, West Haddon 463424.4 272119.5 12 B 16.5 23.0 15.4 21.5
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Site ID Address X co-ord Y co-ord No. of Site 2002 NO2 Bias Projected Bias months of classification (µg/m3) corrected 2005 NO2 corrected 3 data 2002 NO2 (µg/m ) projected (µg/m3) NO2 2005 (µg/m3) 17 Cross Street, Moulton 478327.9 266184.5 12 K 24.8 34.4 22.8 31.7 18 Lunchfield Lane, Moulton 478285.1 266042.5 12 I 17.5 24.3 16.3 22.7 19 Fuller Road, Moulton 478171.8 265806.4 12 B 17.5 24.3 16.3 22.7 20 Church Street, Moulton 478382.3 266386.1 10 B 20.0 27.8 18.7 25.9 21 New Street, Daventry 457420.7 262439.4 11 K 25.2 35.1 23.2 32.3 22 Yelvertoft Rd, Lilbourne 456472.7 276857.0 12 K 26.8 37.3 24.7 34.3 23 Hillmorton Rd, Lilbourne 456572.9 276826.5 12 B 18.3 25.4 17.1 23.7 24 Horsepool, Lilbourne 456177.8 276715.2 12 B 21.2 29.5 19.8 27.5 25 M1 kerbside. Lilbourne 456217.8 277049.3 12 K 73.9 102.7 68.0 94.6 26 Haythog Fm, Crick (M1) 457569.8 273884.3 12 K 39.5 54.9 36.3 50.5 27 Haythog Fm, Crick (M1) 457592.8 273822.9 12 B 33.9 47.1 31.6 44.0 28 Watford Gap Services (M1) 459912.5 268047.9 12 K 53.7 74.7 49.5 68.7 29 Watford Gap Services (M1) 459798.8 268086.2 11 B 27.3 38.0 25.5 35.4 30 Buckby Wharf (M1) 461389.3 265483.4 12 K 33.3 46.2 30.6 42.6 31 Buckby Wharf (M1) 461358.1 265469.9 11 B 28.5 39.6 26.6 36.9
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The diffusion tube measurements across DDC indicated that there are few
exceedences of the annual average NO2 objective in either the current year, or projected for the year 2005. Exceptions include a couple of sites located along the M1
(Sites 25 and 28). These sites are where the highest levels of NO2 are measured and reflect the very high volumes of traffic within the locality. Bias Correction of Diffusion Tubes
There is no continuous NO2 analyser in DDC thereby limiting any comparison between diffusion tubes and concurrent continuous data. In the absence of any continuous analyser in DDC the authority can rely on default adjustment factor derived from a number of studies carried out using tubes supplied by the same laboratory and with the same preparation technique12. The default bias correction factor for monthly exposure of Gradko tubes made up with 50% TEA in water is 1.39. Consequently this factor has been used to estimate the bias corrected diffusion tube results, which are shown in Table 4.2.
Results in Table 4.2 indicate that there are no exceedences of the annual mean NO2 objectives except at locations along the M1.
4.6 Sulphur Dioxide
The main source of SO2 in the UK is power stations, which accounted for more than 71% of emissions in 2000. Other significant emissions include combustion sources, and on a local level, domestic sources where solid fuels may be used for heating
purposes. Road transport is not considered a significant source of SO2 emissions.
Measured concentrations of SO2 have been reducing across the UK over recent years and exceedences of the national objectives were only recorded at Belfast and are associated with significant levels of domestic coal burning. A few AQMAs were declared during the last round based on emissions from coal-fired boilers and domestic coal burning, along with a few specific industry related sources.
However, with respect to DDC, SO2 is not considered to be a problem.
4.7 Particulate matter - PM10
Two portable OSIRIS particle monitors have been used for PM10 monitoring in DDC since 2001. Details regarding the two monitoring locations are shown in Table 4.3. The OSIRIS uses a light scattering technique to determine the concentration of fine
particles passing through PM10, PM5 and PM2.5 impactors. The light scattered by the particles in the sampled air is converted into an electrical pulse proportional to the size of the particle. Results are expressed in µg/m3 with a resolution down to 0.01. The Osiris is serviced and calibrated by Turnkey Instruments annually and on-going maintenance is carried out in house.
Table 4.3 Location of PM10 OSIRIS continuous analyser in DDC.
12 Compilation of Diffusion Tube Collocation Studies Carried out by Local Authorities, prepared by AQC for DEFRA and Devolved administration, November 2002.
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Location X Coordinate Y Coordinate Watford Gap Services 459988.25 268029.2 Guilsborough School 466921.47 273502.72
Data capture at the Watford Gap Services site is sufficiently low at to not warrant inclusion of data in this report, due to the inherent uncertainty in extrapolating information to longer-term annual means. For the Guilsborough School site, the data
capture is again low (only 62.5%). Indicative measurements for PM10 at this site (Table 4.4) show that the 90th percentile of 24 hour mean was 34.2µg/m3 with 8 days in excess of 50µg/m3, with an annual mean of 21.8µg/m3.
LAQM.TG(03) highlights that light-scattering method of PM10 monitoring can be used for the purposes of reporting in the USA. However, these are not recommended for the purposes of further detailed work that may be required. No inter-comparison studies have been carried out by DDC against gravimetric sampler in order to determine the accuracy of the OSIRIS method. However, the OSIRIS has measured
PM10 using an appropriate inlet and, in this case, is well below the objective.
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Table 4.4 PM10 monitoring data Guilsborough School site Projected No days 90.4 percentile of No of days of 24- of 24-hr Projected Annual 24-hr mean PM hr exceedances of Annual Average Data Capture 10 exceedances of 50 Site 3 Average 2004 3 2002 (µg/m ) 2002 50 µg/m 3 (µg/m3) (%) µg/m (µg/m3) (2002) (2004) Guilsborough 21.8 21.0 62.5 34.2 8 5 School
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5 INDUSTRIAL SOURCES
5.1 Part A Processes There is only one Part A process within DDC: • Low March Speciality Chemicals, Unit 12 Low March, Daventry, Northants, NN11 4SD. This process, which manufactures and uses organic chemicals, is located in Daventry. Only Volatile Organic Compunds (< 10t per annum) are emitted with none of the LAQM pollutants occurring within the emissions profile. No further assessment is required. Although there are potentially significant Part A processes in the neighbouring authorities (viz, Corby Power Ltd and Corus UK Ltd), these do not fall within a 10 km radius of DDC and require no further attention.
5.2 Part B Processes There are 18 Part B processes within DDC. They are listed in Table 5.1. Out of the 18 Part B processes, 5 of them have had their authorisations revoked and are no longer in operation. These are sites 11-15 (Part B process – EPA Reference numbers - 17/97, 19/97, 16/96, 33/99, 27/98). Note that petrol stations have not been included within this section of Part B processes, and are discussed in detail in section 5.3.
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Table 5.1 Part B processes in Daventry District Process Details Location Details Stack Details Emission Details Combu Emissions Compliance Realise Stack Height of Site Authorisation PG OS Grid OS Grid stion Monitoring with Name Process Type Address Postcode height diam Tallest ID Number Note East North Stack> Information Emission (m) (m) Building Provided 100 °C Limit
Time Right EPA Animal carcass 1 5/3 West Lodge Farm NN6 8QE 466051.46 274.216.73 9.5 0.5 Yes - Yes Yes Limited 1/92 (R2) incineration Manufacture of 2 St Greveley Way Haddonstone 2 EPA2/92(R1) artificial stone 3/1 NN6 9EU 475099.01 271.401.04 - - - - Yes Yes Ltd ornaments Cathodic Metokote UK 3 EPA5/92(R1) Electro_Painting 6/34 Hackwood Road NN11 4ES 458413.45 261533.06 3 0.3 No - Yes Yes Limited & Powder Coating Application of Cummins 4 EPA6/92(R3) solvent based 6/23 Royal Oak Way South NN11 5NU 456.233.24 262968.98 4 0.4 No - Yes Yes Engine Co.Ltd paint to engines Normanton Coating of metal 5 EPA9/92(R1) 6/23 The Old Brickworks NN6 9AA 474994.4 268613.4 3 0.3 No - Yes Yes Signs and plastic Butchers Pet Animal and Plant 6 EPA10/93 6/24 Baker Group House NN6 7TZ 458628.45 273033.61 - - - - No - Care Ltd Treatment York Barbell 7 EPA12/94 Powder Coating 6/31 Churchill Way NN11 4YB 458389.23 261426.85 4 0.3 No - Yes Yes (UK) Ltd Re-spraying of March Industrial 8 Normandale EPA14/95 6/34 NN11 4PQ 457891.84 261615.01 3 0.3 No Yes Yes road vehicles Estate Midland Meat Animal and Plant 9 EPA18/97(R1) 6/1 Baker Group House NN6 7TZ 458628.45 273033.61 - - - - No - Packers Treatment 10 PJ Green EPA22/97 Waste Oil Burner 1/1 81 High St NN7 4LW 464601.2 260427.99 3 0.2 Yes - No -
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Process Details Location Details Stack Details Emission Details Authorisation EPA27/98 Re-spraying of 457672.07 261669.07 revoked road vehicles Authorisation 12 EPA17/97 1/1 457384.03 262095.29 revoked Authorisation 13 EPA19/97 455995.95 263113.79 revoked Authorisation Non-ferrous metal 14 EPA16/96 454280.50 253157.04 revoked process Authorisation Re-spraying of 15 EPA6/34 6/34 456113.27 263,347.98 revoked road vehicles Daventry Ready 16 EPA3/92(R1) Cement Batcher 3/1 High March NN11 4NR 458151.65 261534.3 - - - - No Mix Plant Howard Re-spraying of 17 EPA7/92 6/34 High March NN11 LHB 458135.32 261662.64 - - - - No - Basford Ltd road vehicles Mobile Crushing 18 A.P. Bauchan EPA11/94 3/16 Oak Farm NN11 4GZ 450277.49 253388.36 - - - - No - and Screening
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Time Right Ltd. (Animal Carcass Incinerator). This process is located in Guilsborough. This process is animal carcass incinerator authorised under Process Guidance note PG5/3. Technical guidance LAQM.TG(03) indicates that processes authorised under PG 5/3 are unlikely to be significant for any of the pollutants falling within the Regulations. Given location of the plant, it is recommended that no further assessment of this site is required. Haddonstone Ltd. (Manufacture of artificial stone ornaments) This process is located in Brixworth. This process involves manufacture of artificial stone ornaments authorised under Process Guidance note PG 3/1. The main emission is likely to be particulates. However the technical guidance LAQM.TG(03) indicates that processes authorised under PG 3/1 are unlikely to be significant for this pollutant Hence it is recommended that no further assessment of this site is required. Metokote UK Limited (Cathodic Electro Painting & Powder Coating) This process is located in Long March industrial estate in Abbey South in Daventry. The nearest residential property is 190 metres away from the site. This process is cathodic electro painting & powder coating plant authorised under Process Guidance note PG 6/34. The process guidance notes indicate that key emissions are those consisting of volatile organic compounds, isocyanates and particulate matter. Technical guidance LAQM.TG(03) indicates that processes authorised under PG 6/34 are
unlikely to be significant for all pollutants in the Regulations, with the exception of PM10.
Using the nomograms in the technical guidance LAQM TG(03) for PM10 emissions for above stack parameters (refer Table 4.1) it was found that the emissions from the plant of below the maximum allowed emission rate of 0.77 tonnes per annum. It is recommended that no further assessment of this site is required. Cummins Engineering Limited (application of solvent based paint to engines) This process is located in Royal Oak industrial estate in Drayton in Daventry. This process is paint re-spraying and metal coating of components authorised under Process Guidance note PG 6/23a. The process guidance notes indicate that key emissions are those consisting of VOCs, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, ozone and isocyanates. The
only LAQM pollutant of concern is PM10. This process operates within limits specified in the PG 6/23a. The annual emission monitoring report 2002/2003 submitted by the process to the local authority indicated that emissions are below the Guidance Limit for particulate matter. Given the emissions and the location of the site, no further assessment of this process is recommended. Normanton Signs This process is located near A508 in Boughton and Pitsford in Daventry. This is sparsely populated area. This process is abrasive blast cleaning, metal spraying and painting/powder coating authorised under Process Guidance note PG 6/23a. The process guidance notes indicate that the only potentially significant LAQM pollutant of
concern is PM10.
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This process operates within limits specified in the PG 6/23a. The annual emission monitoring report 2002/2003 submitted by the process to the local authority indicated that emissions are below the guidance limit for particulate matter. Given the emissions and the location of the site, no further assessment of this process is recommended. Butchers Pet Care Ltd This process is located near Yelvertoft Road near M1. This process is pet food manufacturing process authorised under Process Guidance note PG6/24(96). No LAQM pollutants are emitted from this process and it operates within the guidance limits prescribed within process guidance notes. No further assessment of this process is recommended. York Barbell (UK) Ltd This process is located in Long March Industrial Estate in Abbey South in Daventry. This process is a powder-coating process authorised under Process Guidance note PG6/31. Technical guidance LAQM.TG(03) indicates that processes authorised under PG 6/31 are unlikely to be significant for all pollutants falling within the Regulations. Given location of the plant, it is recommended that no further assessment of this site is required. Normandale This process is located in Long March Industrial Estate in Abbey South in Daventry. The nearest residential property is 250 metres away from the site. This process is re-spraying of road vehicles authorised under Process Guidance note PG 6/34. The process guidance notes indicate that key emissions are those consisting of volatile organic compounds, isocyanates and particulate matter. This process operates within limits specified in the PG 6/34. The annual emission monitoring report 2002/2003 submitted by the process to the local authority indicated that emissions are below the guidance limit for both the pollutants volatile organic compounds and particulate matter. Given the emissions and the location of the site, no further assessment of this process is recommended. Midland Meat Packers This process is located near Yelvertoft Road near M1. This process is animal by-product rendering authorised under Process Guidance note PG6/1. No LAQM pollutants are emitted from this process and it operates within the guidance limits prescribed within process guidance notes. Given the location of the site, no further assessment of this process is recommended. P.J. Green This process is located along the High Street in Flore. It is a waste oil burning process authorised under the process guidance note PG1/1. However the technical guidance LAQM.TG(03) indicates that processes authorised under PG 1/1 are unlikely to be significant for all LAQM pollutants. It is recommended that no further assessment of this site is required. Daventry Ready Mix Plant
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This process is located in Long March Industrial Estate in Abbey South in Daventry. It is a process involving the use of cement and lime and is authorised under the process guidance note PG3/1. However the technical guidance LAQM.TG(03) indicates that processes authorised under PG 3/1 are unlikely to be significant for all LAQM pollutants. It is recommended that no further assessment of this site is required. Howard Basford Ltd This process is located in Long March Industrial Estate in Abbey South in Daventry. The nearest residential property is 200 metres from the site. This process is the re-spraying of road vehicles, authorised under Process Guidance note PG 6/34. The process guidance notes indicate that key emissions are those consisting of volatile organic compounds, isocyanates and particulate matter. However this process operates within limits specified in the PG 6/34. Given the location of the site, no further assessment of this process is recommended. A.P. Bauchan This process is located along Boddington Road, a sparsely populated area in the south of Daventry - the nearest residential property being more than 700 metres away from the site. This process is authorised under the process guidance notes 3/16, and involves crushing and
screening of minerals. The only pollutant of concern from this process is PM10. No complaints have ever been received with respect to the impact of the site on the surrounding area. Given the location of the site, no further assessment of this process is recommended.
5.3 Petrol Stations Petrol-engine vehicles, petrol refining, and the distribution and uncontrolled emission from petrol station forecourts without vapour recovery systems are the main sources of benzene emission in the UK. Since January 2000, EU legislation has reduced the maximum benzene content of petrol from 5% to 1%, and the European Auto-Oil program will further reduce emissions from vehicles, and those emanating from the storage and distribution of petrol. Technical guidance LAQM.TG(03) indicates that levels of benzene are significantly below the 2003 objective of 16.35 µg/m3 at all urban background and roadside locations. The much tighter 2010 objective of 5 µg/m3 (for England and Wales) is also expected to be achieved at most urban locations, the main exception being at kerbside locations of very busy roads (mostly in Central London). For example, monitoring data suggest that the 2010 objective will not be achieved at Marylebone Road. Petrol stations are sources of emissions of benzene during the filling of the storage tanks (Stage 1 emissions), and when petrol is pumped into vehicles during refuelling (Stage 2 emissions). All petrol stations with a throughput of greater than 1000 m3 per year were required to fit Stage 1 vapour recovery systems before January 1999. Petrol stations with less than 1000 m3 per year are unlikely to have any significant effects on local levels of benzene and are not required to have Stage 1 systems installed.
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Petrol stations may be potentially significant if: 1) They have a throughput of greater than 2000 m3 per year; and 2) Are near a road with greater than 30,000 vehicles per day; and 3) There are residential properties within 10 metres. The above criteria has been used to determine the significance of petrol stations in DDC. All the petrol stations in DDC are fitted with Stage 1 vapour recovery system. However with the exception of petrol stations along the motorway M1, none of the petrol stations are on roads with current traffic flows greater than 30,000 vehicles per day. The petrol stations along M1 are listed here: 1) P1-Blue Boar Motorways M1 2) P2-Blue Boar Motorways M1 Neither of these stations have residential properties within 10 m of the site (as measured from the site boundary). It can be concluded that for all the petrol stations in DDC are unlikely to lead to exceedances of the benzene air quality objectives in current or future years.
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Table 5.2 Petrol Stations in DDC
Site Authorisation Stage 2 Vapour Capacity > ID Road Name Operator Name Number OS Grid East OS Grid North Recovery Fitted 2000 m3/year P 1 Station Road, Watford(M1) Blue Boar Motorways Ltd EPA 21/97 460001.33 268011.04 No - P 2 Station Road, Watford(M1) Blue Boar Motorways Ltd EPA 20/97 459892.12 268040.93 No - P 3 Northampton Road Hill Top Garage EPA23/97 474802.85 270448.54 No - P 4 London Road, Daventry Junction Services EPA24/98 457659.96 261520.85 No - P 5 High Street Freeway Motors Ltd EPA25/98 463343.83 259758.37 No - P 6 Vicar Lane Elf Oil UK Ltd EPA26/98 457674.6 262626.83 No - P 7 Long March Oakstead Service Station EPA28/98 458044089 261844.91 No - P 8 Braunston Road Maple Leaf Garage EPA30/99 456562.84 263023.8 No - P 9 Kettering Road Moulton Service Station EPA32/99 479355.19 266375.59 No - P 10London Road Landmark Murco Garage EPA34/00 458147.48 261246.63 No -
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5.4 Major Fuel Storage Depots There are no major fuel storage depots within DDC.
5.5 Areas of Domestic Coal Burning No significant areas of domestic coal burning have been identified within DDC.
5.6 Shipping There are no major ports within DDC.
5.7 Railways There are no locations in DDC where diesel railways spend 15-minutes, or more, close to relevant receptors.
5.8 Airports There are no significant airports within DDC.
5.9 Other Sources There is one stone quarry in Daventry. The geographic location of quarry in Daventry is given below (Table 5.3).
Table 5.3 Location of stone quarry in Daventry Site Name Operator X Co-ordinate Y Co-ordinate Pitsford Quarry Peter Bennie 475661.3 267215.0
The nearest residential property from this site is 190 metres in the downwind direction. The LAQM TG(03) points out that dispersion modelling carried out at similar site,
results indicate that PM10 concentrations declined rapidly with distance from the source for this type of workings. In general, levels of PM10 fall to background levels within about 400m of the workings. No complaints have been received from any resident in the vicinity of the site, indicating that the quarry is operated in a manner which aims to reduce the occurrence of nuisance to those living within the area.. Although the nearest residential property occurs within a distance of less than 400m, the lack of complaints regarding the workings suggests that air quality is not a problem at the site. It is recommended that no further assessment is required for this site.
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6 ROAD TRAFFIC SOURCES The assessment of road traffic sources was carried out according to the guidance listed in the LAQM TG(03). The technical guidance LAQM TG(03) gives a checklist for
assessment of all road traffic sources for PM10 and NO2. All relevant exposure within 5m of kerbside was identified for all roads using MapInfo Geographic Information System software. For roads with relevant exposure, further information regarding vehicle flows and speed was used to ascertain whether screening assessment would be required for that particular road at that receptor location.
6.1 Main Roads The main roads in DDC are shown in Table 6.1. They include the M1, A45 and A14. Traffic data supplied by DDC is also shown in Table 6.1. The screening assessment for road traffic sources in 2004 and 2005 have been carried out using DMRB Screening model version 1.01. The DMRB model requires input data on annual average daily traffic flow (AADT), annual average speeds, the proportion of different vehicle types, the type of road, and the distance from the centre of the road to the receptor. The model also requires information regarding the relevant year background pollution levels (Table 3.1). The A14, M1 and A45 pass through generally sparsely populated parts of DDC. In general, the pollutants emitted by vehicles using these routes will be well dispersed by the prevailing winds, with the result that generally low levels are likely to occur. Since the volume of traffic flowing through the M1 is high DMRB assessment has been undertaken for all properties within a distance of 200 m of the M1. For all other roads, properties are at distances of greater than 30 metres from such roads and are unlikely to be significantly affected by pollutants emitted by vehicles (given the volume of traffic and speed). The A45 road does not go through the centre of Daventry as there is a Ring Road that takes all through traffic round the edge of the town. Consequently, only local traffic goes into the centre of Daventry. There are no major road development projects planned up to 2005. The current proposal for widening the M1 will be as far as Milton Keynes only. DDC will remain unaffected by these current proposals. All roads were screened using the road traffic information spreadsheet. For the A45 and A14 no relevant exposure was found upto 30m from the kerbside. The outcome of the screening tool showed that DMRB assessment needs to be done only for M1. M1 Motorway DMRB screening assessment was undertaken for the M1. The receptor locations are listed in Table 6.2 and shown in Figure 6.1a-h. DMRB predictions for this section of
the road (Table 6.2) indicate exceedances of annual average NO2 objective for year 2005 at several receptor locations along the M1. DMRB predictions have also been undertaken at the diffusion tube locations along M1. Monitored and modelled results have been compared (Table 6.3). The modelled results are on an average lower than the monitored results by 0.05%. No exceedances of the 99.8th percentile of 1-hour mean th NO2 has been predicted at any location. There are no exceedances of the 90.4 percentile PM10 at any location.
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No exceedances of PM10 annual average objective were predicted by DMRB screening method at this junction. Results from the DMRB screening assessment for few receptors along the M1 and the monitoring results indicate that further assessment of
NO2 is required for sections of the M1.
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Table 6.1 Daventry District Council traffic data AADT-24 Nature of Road Road OS Grid OS Grid Hour Traffic Speed Speed Route Type HDV Name east north Flow (km/hr) (See Note % below) M1 Junction 16 and 17 459950 268025 Trunk 112157 (2000) 16.7 100 5 109548 (2000) M1 Junction 17 and 18 458015 271404 Trunk 18.0 100 5 102824 (2001) 104979 (2000) M1 Junction 18 and 19 456935 275891 Trunk 16.2 100 5 105029 (2001) 16638 (2000) A5(T) West of junction 18 DIRFT 457683 272873 Trunk 17.7 100 5 17477 (2001) 39270 (2000) A14(T) West of Welford 461875 277542 Trunk 17.4 100 5 39075 (2001) A45(T) East of Daventry 459626 260534 Trunk 15142 (1999) 8.5 100 5 14608 (2000) A45 (T) Flore Hill, Flore 463890 260322 Trunk 10.3 100 5 15865 (2001) A43 Overstone Grange 480202 267689 County 17963 (2000) 7.8 60 6 10538 (2000) A428 Harlestone Firs 471038 263959 County 5.0 100 5 10528 (2001) North of Boughton A508 474828 265605 County 11398 (2000) 6.6 80 5 roundabout 10616 (2000) A45 Braunston Road, Daventry 456601 262937 County No data 60 5 10712 (2001) 5) free-flowing > 50 kph- rarely suffers from congestion 6) typically free-flowing speeds > 50kph, except at peak hour
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Table 6.2 DMRB receptor locations and predicted concentrations in µg/m3 Receptor Receptor Location Annual Mean, µg/m3 Exceedances Estimated 99.8th ID of 24-hr mean % of 1-hr mean
PM10 NO2
NOx PM10 NO2 PM10 NO2 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 1 37 Yelvertoft Road 99.0 24.1 49.6 10 140.8 2 35 Yelvertoft Road 90.9 23.3 46.5 9 134.9 3 Lilbourne Fields Farmhouse 77.6 21.9 35.4 6 115.3 4 The Cottage 87.1 23.2 45.4 9 132.8 5 Haythog Farm Building 1 98.3 24.4 49.5 11 140.8 6 Haythog Cottage 74.1 21.9 33.6 6 112.4 7 Haythog Farm Building 2 93.5 23.9 37.4 10 118.6 8 Haythog Farm 75.5 22.0 33.9 6 112.9 9 Watford Gap (Northbound) 56.7 20.2 32.9 4 111.3 10 6 Station Road 55.0 20.0 32.1 3 110.0 11 4 Station Road 52.6 19.8 28.6 3 104.8 12 The Stags Head (PH) 54.1 19.9 29.0 3 105.3 13 Watford Gap Service Area 132.6 28.0 43.7 21 129.6 (Northbound) 14 Watford Gap Service Area 125.9 27.3 42.7 19 127.8 (Southbound) 15 Greenhill Farm 140.0 28.8 44.8 23 131.6 16 1 Railway Cottages 74.9 22.1 33.6 6 112.4 17 3 Whilton Locks 58.0 20.3 29.9 4 106.7 18 Windlass Cottage 53.8 19.9 28.9 3 105.2 19 Oxhouse Farm Cottages 51.1 19.6 28.2 3 104.2
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Table 6.3 DMRB predicted annual average NO2 2005 at diffusion tube locations along the M1 LOCATION SITE TYPE DMRB Bias Percentage predicted Corrected over or under Total NO2 Diffusion prediction 3 2005 µg/m tube results NO2 2005 µg/m3 Yelvertoft Rd, Lilbourne Kerbside 35.2 34.3 0.03% Playing Field, Lilbourne Intermediate 35.1 32.8 0.07% Hillmorton Rd, Lilbourne Background 26.3 23.7 0.11% Horsepool, Lilbourne Background 28.5 27.5 0.03% M1 kerbside. Lilbourne Kerbside 48.0 94.6 -0.49% Haythog Fm, Crick (M1) Kerbside 46.6 50.5 -0.08% Haythog Fm, Crick (M1) Background 43.5 44.0 -0.01% Watford Gap Services Kerbside 63.5 68.7 -0.08% (M1) Watford Gap Services Background 32.8 35.4 -0.07% (M1) Buckby Wharf (M1) Kerbside 43.0 42.6 0.01% Buckby Wharf (M1) Background 34.7 36.9 -0.06% Average Under- -0.05% prediction (%)
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6.2 Significant Junctions No junctions have been identified in DDC that require specific attention in the USA.
6.3 Bus Stations The only major bus station in Daventry is the Daventry Bus Station. This is not an enclosed station. This source was checked for exposure using the MapInfo GIS software package to determine distances between the site boundary and that of the nearest residential properties. There is no relevant exposure within 20 metres of the site and the flow of vehicles is less than 1,000 buses per day. It is recommended that no further assessment for this source is required.
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7 AREAS WITH COMBINED IMPACTS
Road traffic sources in DDC show exceedances of annual mean NO2 2005 objective at several locations along the M1. No exceedances of PM10 annual average objective and th the 90 percentile of 24-hour mean PM10 objective were predicted by DMRB screening th method, nor exceedances of the 99.8 percentile of 1-hour mean NO2. th There is no potential exceedance of annual PM10 and NO2 average objective and 99.8 of 1-hour mean NO2 objective from industrial sources in Daventry. The areas of maximum impact of road traffic sources and the industrial processes do not overlap due to differing nature of exceedances from the two types of sources. Hence it is recommended that there is no further need for assessment of combined impact of sources.
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8 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The results of the current assessment have built upon those of the previous round of review and assessment and taken into consideration revised Technical Guidance, changes in national mapping exercises and background concentrations, along with updated tools for impact assessment and screening. Results show that for all Part A processes no further assessment is required since, they indicated no exceedances of LAQM pollutants. All part B processes comply with their emission limits. Hence no further assessment is required for Part B processes. Screening assessment of petrol stations indicated that no further assessment is required for petrol stations. For road traffic sources, monitoring and screening assessment indicate that there are
exceedances of annual average NO2 2005 objective along the M1. Exceedances of annual average 2005 NO2 have been predicted at most of the heavily trafficked sections of the M1. These results have been compared to bias corrected diffusion tube results. Results from the screening assessment, alongside the monitoring results, indicate that
further assessment of NO2 is required. th There have been no predicted exceedances of annual average PM10 or the 90 th percentile of 24 hour mean PM10 or the 99.8 percentile 1-hour NO2 concentrations due to road traffic sources, anywhere in DDC.
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