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Regional Sources of Precipitation in the Ethiopian Highlands Regionala Källor Till Nederbörden I Det Etiopiska Höglandet
Independent Project at the Department of Earth Sciences Självständigt arbete vid Institutionen för geovetenskaper 2015: 2 Regional Sources of Precipitation in the Ethiopian Highlands Regionala källor till nederbörden i det Etiopiska höglandet Elnaz Ashkriz DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES INSTITUTIONEN FÖR GEOVETENSKAPER Independent Project at the Department of Earth Sciences Självständigt arbete vid Institutionen för geovetenskaper 2015: 2 Regional Sources of Precipitation in the Ethiopian Highlands Regionala källor till nederbörden i det Etiopiska höglandet Elnaz Ashkriz Copyright © Elnaz Ashkriz and the Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University Published at Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University (www.geo.uu.se), Uppsala, 2015 Sammanfattning Regionala källor till nederbörden i det Etiopiska höglandet Elnaz Ashkriz Denna uppsats undersöker ursprunget till den stora mängd nederbörd som faller i det etiopiska höglandet. Med Moisture transport into the Ethiopian Highlands av Ellen Viste och Asgeir Sorteberg (2011) som grund syftar denna uppsats till att jämföra samma data men genom att titta på ett mycket kortare intervall för att se vad som försummas när undersökningar på större skalor utförs. Medan undersökningen av Viste och Sorteberg (2011) fokuserar på de två regnrikaste månaderna, juli och augusti under elva år, 1998-2008, så fokuserar denna uppsats enbart på juli år 2008. Syftet med denna uppsats var att se vart nederbörden till det Etiopiska höglandet kommer ifrån under juli månad 2008. För att undersöka detta så har man valt att titta på parametrar såsom horisontell- och vertikal vindriktning på olika höjder samt fukt- innehållet i dessa vindar. Som grund för undersökningen så har denna uppsats, likt Vistes och Sortebergs, använt ERA-Interim data. -
Empty Forests, Empty Stomachs? Bushmeat and Livelihoods in the Congo and Amazon Basins
International Forestry Review Vol.13(3), 2011 355 Empty forests, empty stomachs? Bushmeat and livelihoods in the Congo and Amazon Basins R. NASI1, A. TABER1 and N. VAN VLIET2 1Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang, Bogor 16680, Indonesia 2Department of Geography and Geology, University of Copenhagen, Oster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark Email: [email protected], [email protected] and [email protected] SUMMARY Protein from forest wildlife is crucial to rural food security and livelihoods across the tropics. The harvest of animals such as tapir, duikers, deer, pigs, peccaries, primates and larger rodents, birds and reptiles provides benefits to local people worth millions of US$ annually and represents around 6 million tonnes of animals extracted yearly. Vulnerability to hunting varies, with some species sustaining populations in heavily hunted secondary habitats, while others require intact forests with minimal harvesting to maintain healthy populations. Some species or groups have been characterized as ecosystem engineers and ecological keystone species. They affect plant distribution and structure ecosystems, through seed dispersal and predation, grazing, browsing, rooting and other mechanisms. Global attention has been drawn to their loss through debates regarding bushmeat, the “empty forest” syndrome and their ecological importance. However, information on the harvest remains fragmentary, along with understanding of ecological, socioeconomic and cultural dimensions. Here we assess the consequences, both for ecosystems and local livelihoods, of the loss of these species in the Amazon and Congo basins. Keywords: bushmeat, livelihoods, forest, Amazon, Congo Forêts vides, estomacs vides? Viande de brousse et condition de vie dans les bassins du Congo et de l’Amazone. -
Unlocking Future Investments in Uganda's Commercial Forest Sector
Uganda Unlocking future investments in Uganda’s commercial forest sector UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF TIMBER TRADE RESTRICTIONS ON THE PROFITABILITY OF PINE PLANTATION AND SAWMILL INVESTMENTS KEY MESSAGES EPIC } Supplies of pine produced by commercial plantations will increase rapidly over the next 5 years. y Pine plantations planted in the early 2000’s will soon mature, leading to an increase from roughly 200 000 m3 of pine production currently, to 800 000 m3 in 2023, and stabilizing at 1.2 million m3 after that. } Exporting timber from Uganda is impeded by restrictive policies. Numerous approval requirements and a lack of approved grading standards substantially hinder access to export licenses for timber. These restrictions are suppressing domestic prices relative to neighboring countries. } Trade restrictions hinder the profitability of commercial pine production. Based on average production costs and current domestic prices the Net Present Value of investment in commercial pine production ranges between negative USD 368 and negative USD 657 per hectare. } Removing export restrictions is critical to attract and sustain future investments in pine plantations and sawmilling. Access to higher prices offered in regional export markets contributes to a positive Net Present Value of pine plantation investments, in most scenarios, and a positive Net Present Value for investment in sawmilling. ECONOMIC AND POLICY ANALYSIS OF CLIMATE CHANGE OF CLIMATE ANALYSIS AND POLICY ECONOMIC The supply of pine from commercial plantations will rapidly increase over the next five years, but trade policy is lagging behind In 1990, 24 percent of Uganda was covered in natural forest. As a result of settlement and agricultural expansion, illegal logging, and charcoal production, natural forests in Uganda rapidly declined, reaching as low as nine percent of the country’s area in 2015. -
A Handbook of Siberia and Arctic Russia : Volume 1 : General
Presented to the UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY by the ONTARIO LEGISLATIVE LIBRARY 1980 I. D. 1207 »k.<i. 57182 g A HANDBOOK OF**' SIBERIA AND ARCTIC RUSSIA Volume I GENERAL 57182 Compiled by the Geographical Section of the Naval Intelligence Division, Naval Staff, Admiralty LONDON : PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. To be purchased through any Bookseller or directly from H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addresses : Imperial House, Kingswav, London, W.C. 2, and 28 1 Abingdon Street, London, S. W. ; 37 Peter Street, Manchester ; 1 St. Andrew's Crescent, Cardiff ; 23 Forth Street, Edinburgh ; or from E. PONSONBY, Ltd., 116 Grafton Street, Dublin. Price 7s. 6d. net Printed under the authority of His Majesty's Stationery Office By Frederick Hall at the University Press, Oxford. NOTE The region covered in this Handbook includes besides Liberia proper, that part of European Russia, excluding Finland, which drains to the Arctic Ocean, and the northern part of the Central Asian steppes. The administrative boundaries of Siberia against European Russia and the Steppe provinces have been ignored, except in certain statistical matter, because they follow arbitrary lines through some of the most densely populated parts of Asiatic Russia. The present volume deals with general matters. The two succeeding volumes deal in detail respectively with western Siberia, including Arctic Russia, and eastern Siberia. Recent information about Siberia, even before the outbreak of war, was difficult to obtain. Of the remoter parts little is known. The volumes are as complete as possible up to 1914 and a few changes since that date have been noted. -
Seed Germination and Genetic Structure of Two Salvia Species In
Seed germination and genetic structure of two Salvia species in response to environmental variables among phytogeographic regions in Jordan (Part I) and Phylogeny of the pan-tropical family Marantaceae (Part II). Dissertation Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat) Vorgelegt der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I Biowissenschaften der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg Von Herrn Mohammad Mufleh Al-Gharaibeh Geb. am: 18.08.1979 in: Irbid-Jordan Gutachter/in 1. Prof. Dr. Isabell Hensen 2. Prof. Dr. Martin Roeser 3. Prof. Dr. Regina Classen-Bockhof Halle (Saale), den 10.01.2017 Copyright notice Chapters 2 to 4 have been either published in or submitted to international journals or are in preparation for publication. Copyrights are with the authors. Just the publishers and authors have the right for publishing and using the presented material. Therefore, reprint of the presented material requires the publishers’ and authors’ permissions. “Four years ago I started this project as a PhD project, but it turned out to be a long battle to achieve victory and dreams. This dissertation is the culmination of this long process, where the definition of “Weekend” has been deleted from my dictionary. It cannot express the long days spent in analyzing sequences and data, battling shoulder to shoulder with my ex- computer (RIP), R-studio, BioEdite and Microsoft Words, the joy for the synthesis, the hope for good results and the sadness and tiredness with each attempt to add more taxa and analyses.” “At the end, no phrase can describe my happiness when I saw the whole dissertation is printed out.” CONTENTS | 4 Table of Contents Summary .......................................................................................................................................... -
For Indian River County Histories
Index for Indian River County Histories KEY CODES TO INDEXES OF INDIAN RIVER COUNTY HISTORIES Each code represents a book located on our shelf. For example: Akerman Joe A, Jr., M025 This means that the name Joe Akerman is located on page 25 in the book called Miley’s Memos. The catalog numbers are the dewey decimal numbers used in the Florida History Department of the Indian River County Main Library, Vero Beach, Florida. Code Title Author Catalog No. A A History of Indian River County: A Sense of Sydney Johnston 975.928 JOH Place C The Indian River County Cook Book 641.5 IND E The History of Education in Indian River Judy Voyles 975.928 His County F Florida’s Historic Indian River County Charlotte 975.928.LOC Lockwood H Florida’s Hibiscus City: Vero Beach J. Noble Richards 975.928 RIC I Indian River: Florida’s Treasure Coast Walter R. Hellier 975.928 Hel M Miley’s Memos Charles S. Miley 975.929 Mil N Mimeo News [1953-1962] 975.929 Mim P Pioneer Chit Chat W. C. Thompson & 975.928 Tho Henry C. Thompson S Stories of Early Life Along the Beautiful Indian Anna Pearl 975.928 Sto River Leonard Newman T Tales of Sebastian Sebastian River 975.928 Tal Area Historical Society V Old Fort Vinton in Indian River County Claude J. Rahn 975.928 Rah W More Tales of Sebastian Sebastian River 975.928 Tal Area Historical Society 1 Index for Indian River County Histories 1958 Theatre Guild Series Adam Eby Family, N46 The Curious Savage, H356 Adams Father's Been to Mars, H356 Adam G, I125 John Loves Mary, H356 Alto, M079, I108, H184, H257 1962 Theatre Guild -
Congressional Record-Senate. 57
1895. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 57 By Mr. WHEELER: A bill (H. R. 720) for the relief of Mary Also, a bill (H. R. 759) for the relief of Sarah Harris, widow of P. Wade-to the Committee on War Claims. Emanuel Han-is, deceased, late of Lauderdale County, Ala.-to Also, a bill (H. R. 721) for the relief of Nancy J. Watkins-to the Committee on War Claims. the Committee on War CJaims. Also, a bill (H. R. 760) for the relief of Mrs. H. H. Cribbs-to Also, a bill (H. R. 722) for the relief of Cornila Till, of Lauder the Committee on War Claims. dale County, Ala.-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 761) for the relief of the estate of Elisha B. ' Also, a bill (H. R. 723) for the relief of T. W. Townsend and Clapp, deceased, late of Madison County, Ala.-to the Committe~ wife-to the Committee on Claims. on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 724) for the relief of the estate of John H. Also, a bill (H. R. 762) for the relief of William Cunningham Swift, deceased, late of Madison County, Ala.-to the Committee to the Committee on War Claims. on W ar Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 763) granting additional pension to James Also, a bill (H. R. 725) for the relief of John C. Thomas, of W. Carmody-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Madison County, Ala.-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 764) for the relief of Charles Critton, of Also, a bill (H. -
Title UTILIZATION of MARANTACEAE PLANTS
UTILIZATION OF MARANTACEAE PLANTS BY THE Title BAKA HUNTER-GATHERERS IN SOUTHEASTERN CAMEROON Author(s) HATTORI, Shiho African study monographs. Supplementary issue (2006), 33: Citation 29-48 Issue Date 2006-05 URL http://dx.doi.org/10.14989/68476 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University African Study Monographs, Suppl. 33: 29-48, May 2006 29 UTILIZATION OF MARANTACEAE PLANTS BY THE BAKA HUNTER-GATHERERS IN SOUTHEASTERN CAMEROON Shiho HATTORI Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies (ASAFAS), Kyoto University ABSTRACT The Baka hunter-gatherers of the Cameroonian rainforest use plants of the family Marantaceae for a variety of purposes, as food, in material culture, as “medicine” and as trading item. They account for as much as 40% of the total number of uses of plants in Baka material culture. The ecological background of such intensive uses in material culture reflects the abundance of Marantaceae plants in the African rainforest. This article describes the frequent and diversified uses of Marantaceae plants, which comprise a unique characteristic in the ethnobotany of the Baka hunter-gatherers and other forest dwellers in central Africa. Key Words: Ethnobotany; Baka hunter-gatherers; Marantaceae; Multi-purpose plants; Rainforest. INTRODUCTION The family Marantaceae comprises 31 genera and 550 species, and most of them are widely distributed in the tropics (Cabezas et al., 2005). The African flora of the Marantaceae are not especially rich in species (30-35 species) compared with those of South East Asia and South America, but the people living in the central African rainforest frequently use Matantaceae plants in a variety of ways (Tanno, 1981; Burkill, 1997; Terashima & Ichikawa, 2003). -
The Making of Concessions: Traditional Authorities, Transnational
The Making of Concessions: Traditional Authorities, Transnational Capital, and Territorialized Identities in Africa By Rebecca Hardin Paper presented to the Environmental Politics Seminar UC Berkeley, April 27 2007 Draft: please do not cite, nor reproduce Note: This paper presents a framework I am developing for a book project tentatively entitled “Concessionary Cultures.” I am currently revising the project for the University of California Press series “Colonialisms.” The opportunity to benefit from the EP seminar discussion is very welcome. In developing this to date I have incurred intellectual debts to the following readers: Arun Agrawal, Susan E. Cook, Jane Guyer, Alain Karsenty, Damani Partridge, John Galaty, Nahomi Ichino, Eduardo Kohn, Nadine Naber, Devra Meuller, Abena Osseo-Assare, Lorraine Paterson, Beth Povinelli, Hugh Raffles, Jesse Ribot, Mary Steedly, Miriam Ticktin, Diana Wylie,and an anonymous reviewer for the University of California Press. The research support of McGill University, the University of Michigan, and the Harvard Academy of International and Area Studies has been crucial, 1 Nestled within the Dzanga Sangha Dense Forest Reserve and Dzanga Ndoki National Park, the small town of Bayanga is the largest settlement in that southernmost triangle of the Central African Republic (CAR) that borders Cameroon and the Republic of Congo (Brazzaville). The establishment (1988) and subsequent legislation (1991) of the Park and Reserve (which I’ll refer to at the RDS) created one of the last protected areas established in the CAR, and one of only two sizeable forest reserves in that country. Conducting research on the role of tourism and trophy hunting in the management of this protected area found me sitting one evening with a pair of professional trophy hunters over the cocktails they call “sundowners.” During their hunts with clients that week, they complained, they had found abundant evidence of poaching, and they feared that too many of the animal trophies they sought might be marred by scars from wire snares. -
Ghide Habtetsion Gebremichael the History and Discourse of Kachung
Ghide Habtetsion Gebremichael The History and Discourse of Kachung Forest View of Kachung plantation forest in 2016. Photo: Ghide Gebremichael Master’s thesis in Global Environmental History 1 “If we can really understand the problem, the answer will come out of it, because the answer is not separate from the problem.”(Jiddu Krishnamurti) 2 Abstract This study examined the history of the Kachung forest plantation in northern Uganda and associated environmental discourses. The forest, a project aimed at environmental protection and carbon offsetting, was designated a forest reserve in 1939 by the colonial government, as part of wider efforts to promote Ugandan timber for export and ensure their regeneration as a renewable resource. Since then, Kachung forest has been attributed different environmental significance by various actors, such as by the Uganda Forest Department, the Norwegian Agency for Development and Cooperation (NORAD), the Norwegian Afforestation Group (NAG) and presently by the Norwegian-based Green Resources company (GRAS). Between 1939 and 2006, the forest reserve underwent only limited changes in terms of management and composition. More radical change began in 2006, when GRAS started large- scale tree planting. In 2012, Kachung Forest was certified as a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project in accordance with the Kyoto Protocol. Since then, people living in and around the forest have been prevented from using forest resources for their livelihoods. They have expressed resistance to this by encroachment, setting fires in the forest and mounting angry protests against GRAS. One possible reason for this resistance is that afforestation took place with little prior knowledge of the forest’s history and value for local communities. -
Panthera Pardus) Range Countries
Profiles for Leopard (Panthera pardus) Range Countries Supplemental Document 1 to Jacobson et al. 2016 Profiles for Leopard Range Countries TABLE OF CONTENTS African Leopard (Panthera pardus pardus)...................................................... 4 North Africa .................................................................................................. 5 West Africa ................................................................................................... 6 Central Africa ............................................................................................. 15 East Africa .................................................................................................. 20 Southern Africa ........................................................................................... 26 Arabian Leopard (P. p. nimr) ......................................................................... 36 Persian Leopard (P. p. saxicolor) ................................................................... 42 Indian Leopard (P. p. fusca) ........................................................................... 53 Sri Lankan Leopard (P. p. kotiya) ................................................................... 58 Indochinese Leopard (P. p. delacouri) .......................................................... 60 North Chinese Leopard (P. p. japonensis) ..................................................... 65 Amur Leopard (P. p. orientalis) ..................................................................... 67 Javan Leopard -
The Evolutionary and Biogeographic Origin and Diversification of the Tropical Monocot Order Zingiberales
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 22 | Issue 1 Article 49 2006 The volutE ionary and Biogeographic Origin and Diversification of the Tropical Monocot Order Zingiberales W. John Kress Smithsonian Institution Chelsea D. Specht Smithsonian Institution; University of California, Berkeley Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Kress, W. John and Specht, Chelsea D. (2006) "The vE olutionary and Biogeographic Origin and Diversification of the Tropical Monocot Order Zingiberales," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 22: Iss. 1, Article 49. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/49 Zingiberales MONOCOTS Comparative Biology and Evolution Excluding Poales Aliso 22, pp. 621-632 © 2006, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden THE EVOLUTIONARY AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN AND DIVERSIFICATION OF THE TROPICAL MONOCOT ORDER ZINGIBERALES W. JOHN KRESS 1 AND CHELSEA D. SPECHT2 Department of Botany, MRC-166, United States National Herbarium, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA 1Corresponding author ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Zingiberales are a primarily tropical lineage of monocots. The current pantropical distribution of the order suggests an historical Gondwanan distribution, however the evolutionary history of the group has never been analyzed in a temporal context to test if the order is old enough to attribute its current distribution to vicariance mediated by the break-up of the supercontinent. Based on a phylogeny derived from morphological and molecular characters, we develop a hypothesis for the spatial and temporal evolution of Zingiberales using Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis (DIVA) combined with a local molecular clock technique that enables the simultaneous analysis of multiple gene loci with multiple calibration points.