Jenggala Dan Majapahit
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Narratology and New Historicism in Keong Mas
NARRATOLOGY AND NEW HISTORICISM IN KEONG MAS Retnowati1; Endang Ernawati2 1, 2English Department, Faculty of Humanities, Bina Nusantara University Jln. Kemanggisan Illir III No. 45, Palmerah, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT The goal of this research was to know how the folktale Keong Mas was narrated based on Vladimir Propp’s Narratology (1968). Then the evidence in the story was compared to the historical evidence happening during the reign of the two dynasties in the Kediri Kingdom in the eleventh century using the theory of New Historicism. This research used a qualitative method which was based on library research. Furthermore, the research is to know that the work of literature is not always independent. It can be traced through the historical evidence in the folktale which becomes their clues. It is to inform the readers that a work of literature is actually the imitation, that is the reflection of the society. Keywords: elements of folktale, Propp’s narratology, new historicism, historical events INTRODUCTION Indonesian culture produces many kinds of the folktale. They are variously based on the tribes and the areas where the folktales come from. The characters in folktale would be the mirror of human life in the society (Hendra, 2013). Some of the folktales are now written, and some are translated into foreign languages such as English. The elements of folktale are generally part of the oral tradition of a group, more frequently told than read, passing down from one generation to another, taking on the characteristics of the time and place in which they are told, sometimes taking on the personality of the storyteller, speaking to universal and timeless themes, trying to make sense of our existence, helping humans cope with the world in which they live, or explaining the origin of something, often about the common person and may contain supernatural elements. -
Historical Game of Majapahit Kingdom Based on Tactical Role-Playing Game
Historical Game of Majapahit Kingdom based on Tactical Role-playing Game Mohammad Fadly Syahputra, Muhammad Kurniawan Widhianto and Romi Fadillah Rahmat Department Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia Keywords: Cut-out Animation, History, Majapahit, Role-playing Game, Tactical Role-playing Game, Turn based Strategy, Video Game. Abstract: Majapahit was a kingdom centered in East Java, which once stood around year 1293 to 1500 C. Majapahit kingdom was the last Hindu-Buddhist kingdom that controlled Nusantara and is regarded as one of the greatest kingdom in Indonesia. The lack of modern entertainment content about the history of Majapahit kingdom made historical subject become less attractive. Therefore, we need a modern entertainment as one option to learn about the fascinating history of the kingdom of Majapahit. In this study the authors designed a video game about history of Majapahit kingdom with the genre of tactical role-playing game. Tactical role-playing game is a sub genre of role playing game by using system of turn-based strategy in every battle. In tactical role-playing game, players will take turns with the opponent and can only take action in their turn and each character will have an attribute and level as in role-playing game video game. This study used the A* algorithm to determine the movement direction of the unit and cut-out techniques in the making of animation. This study demonstrated that video games can be used as a media to learn about history. 1 INTRODUCTION only used as an entertainment, but also can be used as a story telling, and sometimes game also can be mixed Majapahit was a kingdom centered in East Java, with educational elements to train someone. -
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CSEASPANORAMA2008 A (Balinese) Tempest Ian Falconer (MA, Asian Studies) starred as Prospero in the Department of Theatre and Dance’s version of the Bard’s lauded comedy, a performance infused with Balinese wayang and gamelan and Larry Reed’s famed shadowcasting. Center for Southeast Asian Studies University of Hawai‘i By Director Barbara Watson Andaya Dear friends and including the highlight of the Prospero, Miranda, Ariel and year, the Balinese shadow-play Caliban were given a new life as colleagues... version of Shakespeare’s The the shadows of human “puppets” In late July 2008, when I re- Tempest. Under the auspices of wearing specially made masks turned from twelve months’ the Department of Theatre and were projected onto a large sabbatical leave, I began to ask Dance, Kirstin invited Larry screen. And the “Southeast myself if my presence as director Reed, founder and artistic Asian” content was not merely was really necessary. So much had director of Shadowlight Produc- visual, for an important feature of CSEAS Panorama (Vol. XII) is published been accomplished in my absence tions and one of the few the production was the music annually by the Center Americans trained in wayang kulit, provided by the University of for Southeast Asian that I really felt quite dispensable! Studies at the or shadow puppetry, to spend a Hawai‘i Balinese Gamelan University of Hawai‘i. I would like to express my deep gratitude to Acting Director semester in Hawai‘i. Larry and Ensemble directed by a second For more information about the program, Kirstin Pauka (Professor, Asian Kirstin worked with students in artist-in-residence, Balinese please visit the Theatre and Dance to produce a puppet master, I Nyoman Center’s website at Theatre), Associate Director Paul www.hawaii.edu/cseas Rausch, and our graduate assis- memorable and innovative Sumandhi. -
Historical Scholarship Between South Asia and Europe
Java’s Mongol Demon. Inscribing the Horse Archer into the Epic History of Majapahit1 Jos Gommans Abstract The temple of Panataran near Blitar in Java features a unique scene in which one of the Ramayana demons, Indrajit, is depicted as a Mongol mounted horse-warrior. This essay explores the meaning of this representation on the basis of the multi- layered history and historiography of Java’s Mongol invasion. “Everything that happened in the Ramayana was absolutely real.” Maheshvaratirtha, sixteenth century (cited in Pollock 1993: 279) Panataran Temple Walking anti-clockwise around the base of the main terrace at Panataran Tem- ple, twelve kilometres north-east of Blitar in Java, the visitor is treated to the truly remarkable display of 106 relief panels carved with sequential scenes from the story of the Ramayana – the source of this particular series is the Kakawin version, which almost certainly dates from the ninth century CE, making it the earliest surviving work of Old Javanese poetry. Interestingly, the main charac- ter in this pictorial rendering is not the more customary figure of Rama, the exiled king, but instead his loyal monkey companion Hanuman. However, given the popularity of Hanuman in the Indic world in around the time the Panataran panels were made – the mid-fourteenth century – his prominence is perhaps not all that surprising after all (Lutgendorf 2007). Except for Hanu- man’s unusual role, the panels follow the conventional narrative, starting with the abduction of Rama’s wife Sita by Ravana, the demon king of Lanka. Many of the panels depict Hanuman’s heroic fights with demons (rakshasas), and the first series of battles culminates in panel 55, which shows Hanuman being attacked by Ravana’s son Indrajit. -
BAB II DESKRIPSI OBYEK PENELITIAN A. Dari Singasari
BAB II DESKRIPSI OBYEK PENELITIAN A. Dari Singasari Sampai PIM Sejarah singkat berdirinya kerajaan Majapahit, penulis rangkum dari berbagai sumber. Kebanyakan dari literatur soal Majapahit adalah hasil tafsir, interpretasi dari orang per orang yang bisa jadi menimbulkan sanggahan di sana- sini. Itulah yang penulis temui pada forum obrolan di dunia maya seputar Majapahit. Masing-masing pihak merasa pemahamannyalah yang paling sempurna. Maka dari itu, penulis mencoba untuk merangkum dari berbagai sumber, memilih yang sekiranya sama pada setiap perbedaan pandangan yang ada. Keberadaan Majapahit tidak bisa dilepaskan dari kerajaan Singasari. Tidak hanya karena urutan waktu, tapi juga penguasa Majapahit adalah para penguasa kerajaan Singasari yang runtuh akibat serangan dari kerajaan Daha.1 Raden Wijaya yang merupakan panglima perang Singasari kemudian memutuskan untuk mengabdi pada Daha di bawah kepemimpinan Jayakatwang. Berkat pengabdiannya pada Daha, Raden Wijaya akhirnya mendapat kepercayaan penuh dari Jayakatwang. Bermodal kepercayaan itulah, pada tahun 1292 Raden Wijaya meminta izin kepada Jayakatwang untuk membuka hutan Tarik untuk dijadikan desa guna menjadi pertahanan terdepan yang melindungi Daha.2 Setelah mendapat izin Jayakatwang, Raden Wijaya kemudian membabat hutan Tarik itu, membangun desa yang kemudian diberi nama Majapahit. Nama 1 Esa Damar Pinuluh, Pesona Majapahit (Jogjakarta: BukuBiru, 2010), hal. 7-14. 2 Ibid., hal. 16. 29 Majapahit konon diambil dari nama pohon buah maja yang rasa buahnya sangat pahit. Kemampuan Raden Wijaya sebagai panglima memang tidak diragukan. Sesaat setelah membuka hutan Tarik, tepatnya tahun 1293, ia menggulingkan Jayakatwang dan menjadi raja pertama Majapahit. Perjalanan Majapahit kemudian diwarnai dengan beragam pemberontakan yang dilakukan oleh para sahabatnya yang merasa tidak puas atas pembagian kekuasaannya. Sekali lagi Raden Wijaya membuktikan keampuhannya sebagai seorang pemimpin. -
J. Noorduyn Bujangga Maniks Journeys Through Java; Topographical Data from an Old Sundanese Source
J. Noorduyn Bujangga Maniks journeys through Java; topographical data from an old Sundanese source In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 138 (1982), no: 4, Leiden, 413-442 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com10/04/2021 01:16:49AM via free access J. NOORDUYN BUJANGGA MANIK'S JOURNEYS THROUGH JAVA: TOPOGRAPHICAL DATA FROM AN OLD SUNDANESE SOURCE One of the precious remnants of Old Sundanese literature is the story of Bujangga Manik as it is told in octosyllabic lines — the metrical form of Old Sundanese narrative poetry — in a palm-leaf MS kept in the Bodleian Library in Oxford since 1627 or 1629 (MS Jav. b. 3 (R), cf. Noorduyn 1968:460, Ricklefs/Voorhoeve 1977:181). The hero of the story is a Hindu-Sundanese hermit, who, though a prince (tohaari) at the court of Pakuan (which was located near present-day Bogor in western Java), preferred to live the life of a man of religion. As a hermit he made two journeys from Pakuan to central and eastern Java and back, the second including a visit to Bali, and after his return lived in various places in the Sundanese area until the end of his life. A considerable part of the text is devoted to a detailed description of the first and the last stretch of the first journey, i.e. from Pakuan to Brëbës and from Kalapa (now: Jakarta) to Pakuan (about 125 lines out of the total of 1641 lines of the incomplete MS), and to the whole of the second journey (about 550 lines). -
Accounting and Accountability Strategies of Gajah Mada's
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF) e-ISSN: 2321-5933, p-ISSN: 2321-5925.Volume 5, Issue 6. Ver. I (Nov.-Dec. 2014), PP 19-24 www.iosrjournals.org Accounting and Accountability Strategies of Gajah Mada’s Government: Analysis of Power – Knowledge Calysta Dessi Rosyinadia1 , EG Sukoharsono2 , A Djamhuri3 1 Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Brawijaya. Malang-Indonesia 2 Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Brawijaya. Malang-Indonesia 3 Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Brawijaya. Malang-Indonesia Abstract: This study is aimed to more deeply analyze the history of accounting in Indonesia, particularly in the Majapahit empire in the reign of Gajah Mada as the mahapatih (Prime Minister). The role of Gajah Mada in the establishment of the unity of archipelago has a significant contribution to the development of the accounting ideas in Indonesia. In addition to the expansion of the territory expressed in the Palapa oath, Gajah Mada committed to his own mission to improve the economy of Majapahit Empire. Gajah Mada’s accounting strategy is one of successful strategy that formed Indonesian archipelago. In the age of Gajah Mada, Majapahit was one of the biggest ports with biggest warehouse in Asia frequently transited by foreigners from various countries. Moreover, Gajah Mada used his power to formulate legislation governing Majapahit taxes and penalties. In the Gajah Mada reign, Majapahit Empire is levied kinds of taxes, namely: (a) trade tax, (b) tax for foreigner, (c) exit-premit tax,(d) land tax, and (e) arts tax. Keywords: Gajah Mada, Accounting History of Indonesia, Foucault Power-Knowledge Framework I. -
Modelling of the Risks of the Sidoarjo Mud Flow, Indonesia S
Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive 4th International Congress on Environmental International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software - Barcelona, Catalonia, Modelling and Software Spain - July 2008 Jul 1st, 12:00 AM Modelling of the Risks of the Sidoarjo Mud Flow, Indonesia S. Kivva M. Zheleznyak Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/iemssconference Kivva, S. and Zheleznyak, M., "Modelling of the Risks of the Sidoarjo Mud Flow, Indonesia" (2008). International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software. 208. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/iemssconference/2008/all/208 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Civil and Environmental Engineering at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. iEMSs 2008: International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software Integrating Sciences and Information Technology for Environmental Assessment and Decision Making 4th Biennial Meeting of iEMSs, http://www.iemss.org/iemss2008/index.php?n=Main.Proceedings M. Sànchez-Marrè, J. Béjar, J. Comas, A. Rizzoli and G. Guariso (Eds.) International Environmental Modelling and Software Society (iEMSs), 2008 Modelling of the Risks of the Sidoarjo Mud Flow, Indonesia S. Kivva and M.Zheleznyak Ukrainian Center of Environmental and Water Projects, Prospect Glushkova,42, Kiev, 03187, Ukraine (slk/[email protected]) Abstract: The Sidoarjo mud flow flooded the part of the Porong area, Indonesia, surrounded by the set of the quickly constructed dams. The objective of the study was quantification of the risks imposed by the mud volcano towards the ECCO Indonesia factory site due to dam breaks and dam overtopping. -
Marketing the History of Kediri Through the Integrated Website "Kediri Kita.Com"
ICIS 2020 2020 International Conference of Interdisciplinary Sciences No. Issue: 1 | Review and Perspective | pp. 25-30 Marketing the history of Kediri through the integrated website "kediri kita.com" Nevia Octi Nilasari1,*, , Bangun Prayogo2, Rendra T Sanjaya3, Ibnu Qoyyim4 1,2,3,4 Pascasarjana Universitas Islam Kadiri, Kediri, Indonesia [email protected]; [email protected] ; [email protected]; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 19 January 2020; Accepted: 26 January 2020; Published: 5 July 2020 Abstract: the purpose of this study is design of website information to guide people find information of historical destination in Kediri. Kediri has a long history since the Hinduism- Buddhism era and Also the era of Dutch-Portuguese colonialism, it makes Kediri has many traces of history can still be seen today such as the temple of the kingdom of Kadiri, the kelud, and old Dutch buildings architecture such as Kediri station, the old bridge and many more. This makes a lot of tourists visiting Kediri, the tourists Generally seek many information through the Internet, but the information Obtained Generally unorganized, this is the reason for the developing a website that Provides a wide information about the history of Kediri, Routes of travel and hotels in Kediri in a single website. The method used content analysis and observation. An observation was conducted on the websites, literatures, and secondary of data on the internet about Kediri. The result has website that contains information of historical object in Kediri. Keywords: Community history of Kediri, website 1. Introduction Kediri is one of the cities in East Java that own many history, Kediri has many historical traces since Hinduism and Buddhism era also the era of Dutch and Portuguese colonialism. -
Pergerakan Character Pada Animasi Asal Usul Gapura Bajang Ratu Menggunakan Teknologi Machinima
pISSN: 2442-3386 eISSN: 2442-4293 Vol 3 No 2 Juli 2017, 11 - 16 PERGERAKAN CHARACTER PADA ANIMASI ASAL USUL GAPURA BAJANG RATU MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI MACHINIMA Exwada Andry Widyanto1, Anang Kukuh Adisusilo2 1,2Program Studi Teknik Informatika, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya [email protected], [email protected] Abstrak Kerajaan Majapahit dulunya merupakan salah satu kerajaan yang sangat berjaya pada masanya, banyak peninggalan dari kerajaan majapahit, salah satunya bernama Gapura Bajang Ratu. Dokumentasi yang pernah dibuat hanya menggunakan media buku, akan tetapi minat baca di jaman sekarang sudah jarang peminatnya. Sehingga perlu melakukan dokumentasi lagi dengan menggunakan teknologi terbaru saat ini. teknologi yang sesuai dengan konsep yaitu menggunakan animasi. Terdapat banyak macam teknologi animasi antara lain animasi frame by frame dan machinima. akan tetapi terdapat kekurangan pada animasi dengan salah satunya dari segi waktu dan biaya. Dengan di bantu software tertentu untuk pembuatan karakter dan untuk merekam tiap adegan yang di peragakan. Pergerakan karakter yang dibuat meliputi, berlari, jongkok, berjalan, dan berlutut. Memanfaatkan software yang ada dan dipandu dengan literature yang sudah di kumpulkan, sangatlah tepat untuk membuat dokumentasi tentang Asal Mula Gapura Bajang Ratu. Kata Kunci: Majapahit, Animasi, Gapura Bajang Ratu, Machinima,karakter. Abstract Majapahit kingdom was once one of the kingdom that is very glorious in his time, many relics of kingdom majapahit, one named Gapura Bajang Ratu. Documentation ever made using only the media book, but interest in reading in today's rarely demand. So need to do the documentation again by using the latest technology today. Technology that fits the concept of using animation. -
Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sediment of Lapindo Mud, Sidoarjo, East Java
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: 0974-4290 Vol.8, No.11 pp 358-363, 2015 Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sediment of Lapindo Mud, Sidoarjo, East Java Emad Eldin Amar Dagdag1*, Sukoso2, Arief Rachmansyah3, Amin Setyo Leksono4 1Doctoral Program of Environmental Studies, Graduate School, University of Brawijaya, Veteran Malang 65145, Indonesia 2Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Veteran Malang 65145, Indonesia 3Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Brawijaya, Veteran Malang 65145, Indonesia 4Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Veteran Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract: The existence of metals indicates pollution in environment and its toxicity is due to non-degradable substance which tends to accumulate in water, sediment and fish. The presence of heavy metals in water body (i.e. river, stream) is becoming a threat to aquatic animals thereby making them unfit for human consumption. Thus, this study was to investigate the concentration of heavy metal pollution status in sediments of Lapindo Mud, Sidoarjo, East Java in its current condition. Samples were taken from six different locations of Lapindo mud. Heavy metal concentration in mud sediments was analyzed from Lapindo mud in the month of March to June 2015. Physico-chemical analysis was carried out as per standard methods at Laboratory of Soil and Chemistry, University of Brawijaya. The results show that there are eight heavy metals were found. The heavy metal concentration in the sediments is in order B > Fe > Mn > Co > Mo > Cd > Cu > Zn. These results indicated that for the meantime there were no environmental effect of these heavy metals resulted of mud, unless when these metals are associated with other elements. -
8.2 Comparison of Planned Toll Roads in Surabaya
The JICA Study on Formulation of Spatial Planning for GERBANGKERTOSUSILA Zone Final Report Volume 4: Development Action Plan for Transportation Sector 8.2 Comparison of Planned Toll Roads in Surabaya In the expressway-intensive case, comparative assessments were further conducted on corridors with toll developments due to future traffic demands, especially the three parallel north-south toll roads (Figure 8.2.1), which will connect the envisioned Perak–Suramadu toll road. Three alternatives were assessed: • Alternative 1: MERR toll road (corridor 8a); • Alternative 2: Surabaya East Ring toll Road (SERR) (corridor 8b), which is located on Outer East Ring Road (OERR); and • Alternative 3: Waru – Wonokoromo – Tg. Perak (WWTP) toll road (corridor 5c). Costs and future demands were analyzed to calculate the B/C ratio as well as the financial internal rate of return (FIRR) of each toll road for each case in which only one, or combination of the above toll roads, would be constructed. The results, which was also based on the distance-proportional toll tariff of Rp.1,000/km, is presented in Table 8.2.1. Even though considerable traffic volume was expected in each case, as shown in Table 8.2.2, the WWTP toll road and the MERR toll road were not viable due to the high construction costs of their elevated structures. From a viability point of view, the Study Team recommends the SERR toll road as the most viable alternative with a B/C ratio of over 1.0 and a decent FIRR. Source: JICA Study Team Figure 8.2.1 Planned Alternative Toll Roads in Surabaya 8-6 The JICA Study on Formulation of Spatial Planning for GERBANGKERTOSUSILA Zone Final Report Volume 4: Development Action Plan for Transportation Sector Table 8.2.1 Project Viability of Planned Toll Roads (Year 2030) FIRR (&B/C Ratio) of Alt.