remote sensing Article The Precipitation Structure of the Mediterranean Tropical-Like Cyclone Numa: Analysis of GPM Observations and Numerical Weather Prediction Model Simulations Anna Cinzia Marra 1, Stefano Federico 1 , Mario Montopoli 1 , Elenio Avolio 2 , Luca Baldini 1 , Daniele Casella 1, Leo Pio D’Adderio 1, Stefano Dietrich 1 , Paolo Sanò 1 , Rosa Claudia Torcasio 1 and Giulia Panegrossi 1,* 1 Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council (ISAC/CNR), 00133 Rome, Italy 2 Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council (ISAC/CNR), 88046 Lamezia Terme, Italy * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +39-06-4993-4274 Received: 30 May 2019; Accepted: 11 July 2019; Published: 17 July 2019 Abstract: This study shows how satellite-based passive and active microwave (MW) sensors can be used in conjunction with high-resolution Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) simulations to provide insights of the precipitation structure of the tropical-like cyclone (TLC) Numa, which occurred on 15–19 November 2017. The goal of the paper is to characterize and monitor the precipitation at the different stages of its evolution from development to TLC phase, throughout the storm transition over the Mediterranean Sea. Observations by the NASA/JAXA Global Precipitation Measurement Core Observatory (GPM-CO) and by the GPM constellation of MW radiometers are used, in conjunction with the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) simulations. The GPM-CO measurements are used to analyze the passive MW radiometric response to the microphysical structure of the storm, while the comparison between successive MW radiometer overpasses shows the evolution of Numa precipitation structure from its early development stage on the Ionian Sea into its TLC phase, as it persists over southern coast of Italy (Apulia region) for several hours.