156 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. 1, no. " October 1986 The Systematics and Biology of the Flea Beetle Genus Crepidodera Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Cbrysomelidae) in America North of Mexico
Richard H. Parryl Department of Biology Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario
INTRODUCTION* and illustrations to aid in their identification, and to deseribe the hmnature Crepidodera Chevrolat is a genus of stages for 2 species. A diseussion of the small metallic-coloured flea beetles host plant relationships and the general belonging to the family Chrysomel1dae. life history of members of the genus is also Although these insects are quite common in presented. the field and numerous in museum BIOJ.OGY collections, the members of the genus in North America are, until now, poorly known. Members of the genus Crepidodera in Heikertinger (1948-1950) recognized 4 taxa both North America and the Palaearctic and reeently, Lazorko (1974) desccibed 3 Region have been well known to feed as additional species. These 7 species were adults on the leaves of various species of recognized primarily on the basis of genital willow (Salix). poplar (Populus) and, in differences and were otherwise difficult to North America, on certain members of the identify. Family Rosaceae such' a'S hawthorn Examination of a large accumulation of (Crataegus). wild cherry, wild plum museum material and investigations in the (PrUBus spp.) and apple (pyros). rhe most field have indicated the presence of several comprehensive source of informat ion on the additional species in the North American biology of the European species LlS fauna. A detailed study of external Heikertinger (1925) who listed, for each of Cbaracters, male genitalia and female five species, the known food plants, the spermathecae has revealed, in material type of habitat in which it is found, the preV1 ous I y referred to the Palaearctic seasonal occurrence and, in a few eases, species, C. f1l1vicornis (E,), a complex of provided brief notes on adult feeding habits closely related species. and tlme of oVlposition. None of the Essentially nothing was known about the species of Crepidodera are definitely known biology of the North American species. to be monophagous, l.e. restricted to one General information on host plants was species of plant. Most appear to be available and the general seasonal oligophagous, feedlng on a few speCles of a occurrence and habits of adults were single genus or, in some cases, on plants of described 'oy Loan O'67b}. However, the two or three genera. immature stages and life histories of all Some of these species are further members of the genus were unknown. This has restricted within a host genus to a single now been remedied with the discovery, during host oc a "compact group of host species" the course of this study, of the larvae of (Allen, 1972). For example, C. plutus is two species. restricted to narlow-leafed tree willows The main purpose of this paper, such as Salix alba and S. fragilis. In therefore, is to consolidate the existing contrast, C. fulvicornis. C. lamina Bedel information on the genus in North America, and C. aurea (when it feeds on Salix) describe 8 new species, redefine the strongly fa ... our low gcowing shrubby previously described species, provide a key broad-leafed willows (sallows) such as Salix eaprea L. The main species of *This paper is a portion of a Ph.D thesis Populus reported to be hosts of completed 1n 19/7 at Carleton University, Palaearctic Crepidodera are P. alba L., Ottawa. P. nigra L. and P. tre-ula L. Crepidodera aurata apparently occurs on all three of lprescnt Address: these (Heikert inger» 1925, 1948 1950) with New Brunswick Department of Agriculture no pre ference indicated. Crepidodera and Rural Development allrea, C. la-ina and C. nitidula h3'o'e been Florence.iile, N.B. EOJ iKO recorded from both P. trelBula and P. Vote 1, no. 3, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 157 nigra but are most common on P. treaula Overwintered adults emerge early in the (Heikertinger, 1925), while C &-ata, season. and are found on their host plants however, is known to occur only on P. soon after the leaves appear. At this time, alba. if warm temperatures prevail, the flea A similar situation seems to exist beetles are quite active and abundant. They with regard to tbe bast plant begin feeding on the leaves of the host and. relationships of the North American shortly after, commence mating. Adults feed species of Crepidodera. The known and on either the upper or lower surfaces of probable host plants of the genus in North leaves. Feeding damage is of a type typical America are listed in Table 1. of flea beetles in general. 'the beetles At least one half of the North American produce small holes or pits in the leaf by species appear to be restricted entirely eating through the epidermis and underlying to Salix spp. These include longula, tissues. leaving the opposite epidermal spenceri, browni. opulenta. luminosa. bella. layer intact. The tissue below the injury aereal. and seulpturata. Three of these are eventually dries up and falls out. giving a recorded only from Salix and the reaainder shot-hole appearance. The pits are each have only a few other host records irregular in outline and eange from about 1 which are either so unlikely or so few as to to 3 mm in diameter. Occasionally. larger be almost certainly adventitious. pits run together to form iaeger ateas of Two species may be either restricted to damage. or malnly conflned to Populus spp. In the Ottawa area, mating occurs crepidodera vaga is known only from Populus during a period of close to 2 months. from deltoldes. However, thlS record comes only the latter half of May through the eady from a single series of specimens taken in part of July. Copulation takes place the same locality on the same date. The usually on the lea'les OF branches of the majority (76%) of the host plant records host shrubs or trees. The male mounts the for c. populivora are Populus spp., but 18% female from the rear and, alinging to he r of the records are from Salix spp. It is posterior dorsum, extends the curved possible that C. populivora utilizes aedeagus down and forward into the female's both Populus and Sal ix although strongly vagjn~ at tb; ~ of tbe a:do~en. preferring Popul us. In field studies, howevee, populivota was rarely found on Salix, even in habitats where it was abundant on Popul us, and seemed to be restricted to the latter group of plants. Fi~e species (solita. deeora. heikertingeri, digna and nana) have been early July to about mid August as old taken in considerable numbers on both females died from senescence or parasitism Salix and Populus. but in all of these, 90% and new ones emerged from the soil. In the or more of the host records are Salix SJlJl. present study, """""IS weJ:e produced in the Therefore, if they do feed on both genera of laboratory by field-collected females of C. plants, they all show a 'lery strong heikertingeri (Lazorko) fLom late May until preference for Salix spp. Only one of these ~ugust 25. Oviposition in the field has not specles, sollta, was actually observed to been obser~ed 1n Crepidodera but it seems feed on leaves of Populus This occurred in probable that eggs are placed the laboratory. in the sailor litter beneath the host plant. LIFE HISTOR.Y Immature stages of Grepideder. are known only for 2 species. C. Bolita n. sp. Species of Crepidodera overwintering as adults. do so generally in the surface 1itter below their host plants (Loan, escr pt ons. 1967b). North American specimens have Eggs of the two species observed bad an been recorded during winter months in incubation period ranging from 10 to 16 days di fferetlt parts of the range overwintering in the I aboratory at 22 24° C. The first in leaves, grasses, rotting wood, and instar larva emerges through a sl it across "ttash". A nUlllbet of adults of 3 diffetetlt the apex of the egg. The larvae resemble species have been found overwintering in the the root-feeding larvae of other genera such liehen, Dane. plicata (Old Uan' s Beatd) , as Epitrix Foudras and Phyllotreta growing on oak trees in Oregon. Stephens. They are long, slender and 158 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986 subcyl indrical in shape and whit ish in in Ontario. New-generation adults have been colour except for the head, prothorax and found near the beginning of ,\ugust in both 9th abdominal tergum (anal plate) which are laboratory rearing (present study) and in brown There are 3 1 arva] iostars, all of the field (Loan, 1967b). The population of which occur below the soil surface. new adults increases during August and At least the first and second instar rema f ns on the host plants until the onset larvae feed by mining inside the small est of cold weather or until the leaves haue tender roots of the host plant. Mlnes fallen in late October. extend along the roots beneath the epidermis and the larvae consume the tissues of the SYSTEMATICS cortex and the soft tissues surrounding the Genus Crepidodera Chevrolat 1. vascular bundle. "rhis is the first record of root-mining, particularly of woody Crepidodera Chevrolat 1837, p. 415; 1844 p. plants, in the Alticinae. 'Latvae of other 334; Stephens 1839, p. 294; Kuster genera of flea beet1es also feed on the 1847-1848, "III p. 94, IX p. 83-87, XV p. roots of their host (usually an herbaceous 91-93; Kutschera 1860, p. 68; Allard 1860, plant), but in a different manner. For p. 4 7 ; 1866a, p. 178; Thomson 1866, p. 215; example, the larvae of Hornaltica Crotch 1873, p. 57, 71; Redtenbacher 1874, atriveBtE'is (Melsh.) occur in the soil p. 496; Harold 1875, p. 3, 33; Chapuis 1875, around the plant roots and feed on the small p. 52, 53; Seidl1tz 1875, p. 494; Leesberg rootlets, often cutting them off (Balduf, 1881, p. 173; 1882, p. 137; Jacoby 1885, p. 1926). Similarly, the larvae of some 342; 1891, p. 283; Horn 1889, p. 236, 238, species of Pbyllotreta feed on the root hairs or small tap roots of plants, occasi onally tunnelling into the stem near 148, L gl 2 , p. 3 (in par ; au the juncture of stem and roots (Chittenden 1926 g. 175 234 (designation of tJpe and Marsh, 1920; Rest d a1 and Romanow, species); Mincks 1952, p. 113, 114; Gressttt 1972). Epitrix cucumeris (Harris), a member and Kimoto 1963, g. 744, 773; Hatch 1971, of a genus c losely related to Crep1.dOdera, p. 219; Balsbaugh and Hays 1972, p. 123, f::~~ dUri~ the 1:r~a1 stages o~ po:ato~~, 155; Samuelson 1973, p. 13, 112. Chalcoides Foudras 1859 (1860), p. 147; 1860a, p. 56; 1860b, p. 35, 312; Weise 1886, p. 676, 713; 1888-1891 (1891), p. 800; Bedel the head in the ;otato tuber and the rest of 1889 1901 (1897), p. 168, 176; 1900, p. 289; the body sapport\.l by the soil (Anderson and Heikertinger 1911, p. 8-11, 19; 1924-1925, Walket, 1934). This type of feeding does p. 43, 52, 67, 69; 1948 1950, p. 34, not seem to occur in Crepidodera. Since 106-116, 133, 135; Schaufuss 1907-1916 exuv i ae at e found ins ide mines, it appears (1913), p. 981, 985; Leng 1920, p. 300; likely that larvae remain inside the roots, Schaeffer 1924, p. 145; Chittenden 1925, p. perhaps occasionally lealTing an o .... d Inine to 120; Beller and Hatch 1932, p. 106, 128; start a new one in another root. The mining Schaeffer 1932, p. 243; Rapp 1934, p. 395; behavior may be an adaptation to aIToid the Heikertinger and Csiki 1939, p. 313-325; wet soil conditions in which the host Wilcox 1954, p. 436, 454; Dillon and Dillon willows grow and which are often prevalent 1961, p. 712; Chagnon et Robert 1962, p. well into the Summer. It is probable that 317; Mohr 1966, p. 247; Lazorko 1974, p. le~{e mature third instar lavae the mines to 146-154. pupate in the soil. Foudrasia des Grozis 1882, p. 134 (new name The durations of each larval instar and for Chalcoides Foudras). the pupal stage are not known. In 1. For additional references see laboratory rearing of 2 species, the first Heikertinger and Csiki, 1939. new adults emerged within 48 to 50 days (7 Type Species: Chrysoaela nlt1dula L. , weeks) after old adults had been confined in designated by Maulik 1926, p. 234. cages. Allowing for the incubation time of DIAGNOSIS. shape broadly oval and slight1y eggs, the larval and pupal stages require, elongate to elongate-oval, moderately perhaps, 32 to 40 days for develo~ent. The convex; dorsum shining metallic with pronotum and elytra essentially unicolorous; pronotum generally strongly punctate and other flea beetle genera by Chittenden and with a distinct l'rebasal transverse Marsh (1920), Jones (1944) and Westda1 and impression limited on each side by a sharp Romanow (1972). longitudinal impression extending from base' There 1S oolJ one generation per year space bet~,een transverse grOO·le and base no~ Vol. 1, no. 3, October J986 INSECTA MUNDI 159
TABLE 1. Known and probable host plants of North American Crepidodera spp.
(* indicates species records suspected to be adventitious)
Crepidodera spp. Rost Plant Habit at RecQrded
Family Rosaceae erataegus L. disturbed sites, *nana. thlckets along streams *populivora, violacea
Prunus aaericana moist woods, roadsides, *browui t *uHba I Marsh. fence-rows violacea
P. angustifolia sandy or sterile soil, violacea Marsh. open woods, tl1 ickets, fence-rows
P. pensylvanica L. dry or moist woods and violacea forest clearings
P. persiea (L.) introduced *brOWQ1, *oaoa, Patsch violacea
P. serotina Ehrh. roadsides, waste *browni, land, forest marglns v1.o1acea
P. virg1n1.ana L. rlch mOlst SOlIs, v1.o1acea fence-rows, streams, forest marglns
? pYru'S L. ln cult lvat lon violacea
Family Salicaceae Populus balsaBifera wet woods, river *decora, *digna, L. (=P. taca.ahacca banks, lake shores *nana, Mill. ) populivota. *solita
P. deltoide8 Marsh. low woods and moist *nana, *solita, (-P. virginiana peaides vaga Fourg.)
P. grandidentata dry woods, slopes, populivora, MicflX. recent burns *8olita
P. treauloides dry or moist soil, dry *decora, *d1gna, Michx. open \roods, recent *beikertingeri , popu11vora, *801ita, *spencer!.
P. trlchocarpa low-lying damp areas, *beikertingeri, Torr. & Gray sandy or gravelly populivora sol1s
Salix alba L. introduced, escaped solita along rivers 160 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. ~, October 1986
Crepidodera spp. Host Plant Habitat Recorded
s. alba x fragllis low areas, river decora, (hybrid) banks hefiertiogeri, solIta
s. bebblana Sarg. moist or wet places decora, heikertingeri
s. cordata Micbx. sandy and alluvial sculpturata, shores solIta
s. discolor Mubl. swamps and wet ground decora, helltertlngerl, *popnl fvora, solita
s. extgua Nutt. sandbars, streambanks nana, sculpturata
s. fragll1s L. introduced, escaped in brownl, decora, low areas, along river helkertlngerl, banks, lake shores uans. solIta. *popullvora,
s. huaills Marsh. dry, often sandy nana (-S. tristis Ait.) uplands, roadsides
S. interior Rmilee sandbars, mudbars, moist alluvial soil
s. laslolepls Benth. along rocky streams at aereola lower elelTations (S. B.C. to Baja California) and arroyos
s. lucida Muht. moist low ground, decora, dlgoa, swamps, bogs, wet befkertJnged, meadows nana, *popullvora
s.•elanopsls Nutt. stream banks sculpturata
s. nigra Marsh. alluvial soils along naua. soltta streams, and in meadows s. patula nana
s. petlolarls Smith moist meadows, streambanks, decora. dlgna. (-5. gracilis Anderss.) lake shores, bogs helk.erOngerJ • nana. *populivora. sculpturata. 80l1ta Vol. 1, no. " October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 161
Crepidodera spp. Host Plant Habitat Recorded
S. purpurea L. introduced, escaped nana along river banks. lake shores, roadsides
S. pyrifolia Anderss. moist to wet or swampy digna ground. bogs DaDa s. repeDS L. introduced from Y.nrope (arboretum)
s. serleea Marsh. moist rocky ground, nana often near running water
Key to the United States and Canadiau Species of Crepidodera Chel1rolat
1. Colour entirely reddish-yellow to light teddish btown except Bututal region of elytra darker and with a faint greenish reflection as in head and pronotum; east-central United States, all Salix 1 longula lIorn Colour of dorsal surface metallic green, brassy-green, coppery, bronze, blue,
2. Dorsal surface violet or dark purple, dark blue, blue-green, greenish, all with violet reflections, pronotal ante basal transverse impression shallow, feebly pronounced (Fig. 1); pronotal disc with major punctures fine to moderate in size (Fig. 1), eastern United States and Canada; on Pruaus or erataegus •..••••••.•.•• •••.•••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••.••• •• 2 v10lacea Mel she1mer Dorsal surface not violet and without violet reflections; pronotal ante-basal transverse impression deeper, strongly pronounced (as 1n Figs. 2, 3, 4); pronotal disc with major punctures moderate to coarse in size • .. 3 3. Elytral disc strongly, distinctly depressed behind basal one-quarter (Figs. 5, 6); vertex of head along anterior edge of pronotum strongly, distinctly punctate (Fig 2); southeastern United States; on Salix •....•.•••...•.•••••.•..• 13 bella n. sp. Elytral disc at most only feebly depressed bebind basal one-quarter (fig. 7); vertex of head along anterior edge of pronotum smooth, occasionally with a few scattered fine punctures (as in Figs i, 4). • 4 4. Elytron at declivity bulging laterally, overhanging and hiding part of lateral marg1n (F1g. 8); dorsal surface metallic green, brassy-green, coppery-green, pure coppery, coppery-bronze or dark bronze; southern Ontario and eastern United states; on Salix 6 brovni n. sp. Elytron at declivity evenly rounded, not overhanging lateral margin (as in Fig. 9) or, if slightly bulging, dorsal surface not coloured as above at tange diffet ing from above ...••...... ••.•.•.•..•..•••.•..••....•••••••.•••••••.•••••.••..••. ') 5. Median setae of first abdominal sternum in both sexes short, sparse and inconspicuous (as in Fig. 16); rna jar PUliC tures of pc OliOt um dense, vet y uni forml y distributed, moderate to slightly coarse in size; elytral margins very narrow in dorsal view, datsal surface black, Califotnia to lhitish Columbia, ~tontana and Utah •..••..••••..•..•..••...••.•.••••.••.•••.••..•••••••••.•• 3 spenceri (LazorKo) Median setae of fitst abdominal sternum in males longer and more conspicuous than in females (as in Fig. 11) or, in females, usually moderately dense; major punctures of pronotum sparse to dense, irregularly distributed, moderate to 'Jery coarse in size; elytral margins narrow or relatively broad in dorsal view; colour of dorsal surface 'Jariable ...•••..•.•.•.•••••.•••••••••••••.••••••••••••.•.•••.• Ii 6. Major pronotal punctures very coarse, equal to or greater than size of basal serial punctures of elytra, closely placed (Fig. 3); anterior pronatal angles strongly, 162 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. 3, October I986
acutely produced laterally (Fig. 3); median setae of first abdominal sternum in males uniformly dense, not forming a brush; california to washington, wyoming and Utah •.•.•••...•.....••••••..•.••...•••..•••.•....•...... •. 14 aereola (LeConte) Major pronotal punctures moderate to coarse, less or not greater than size of basal serial punctures of elytra, sparse to closely placed; anterior pronotal angles feebly produced; median setae of first abdominal sternum in males variable, uniformly dense or denser apically forming a brush 7 7. Middle and hind trochanters each with a distinct posterior marginal brush of setae (as in Figs. 13, 15); metasternum medially almost entirely covered with setae almost as long and conspicuous as those of fir st abdominal sternum which is, especially in males, conspicuously hirsute from base to apex; dorsal surface dark bronze, dark greenish, purplish or black .•..•..•.•.....•..•.....•...... • 8 Middle and hind trochanters with a few inconspicuous setae as in adjacent parts of femora; metasternum inconspicuously to conspicuously setose medially but glabrous near midline in posterior two thirds (as in Figs. 14, 16) 9 8. Elytral margins strongly broadened in dorsal view (Fig. 9); male with median setae of first abdominal sternum slightly denser apically, forming a loose, poorly-defined brush (Fig. 15); major pronotal punctures dense, coarse in size; dorsal surface dark bronze, purplish or greenish 10 heikertiogeri (Lazorko) E1ytral margins moderately broad in dorsal view; male with median setae of first abdominal sternum not formittg a brush (Fig. l~), major pronotal punctures sparse, moderate in size; dorsal surface black...... ••....•.•••...•..... 11. digna n. sp. 9. Apical margin of last abdolilillal sternum eillargillate, with an inflected median lobe (Fig. 11) ...... ••...... •••.••...... ••.•.•...... •...•...•..• (males) 10 Apical margin of last abdominal sternum lounded or almost truncate, without a median lobe (Fig. 12) (females) 20 ~{ALES 10. Median pubescence of first abdominal sternum not or barely denser apically, not forming a brush (Fig. 11) ...... •...... ••...•.•.••.•.••..•..••••...... 11 Median pubescence of first abdominal sternum denser apically forming a distinct brush near hind margin. (Fig. 14) 13 11. Shape o'lal, slightly elongate; dorsum dark purple to black, rarely blue or blue-green; on Populus •.•.•.•.....•.•.•.•.••••.•...... ••...•. 12 populivora n. sp. Shape elongate; dorsum bright green, blue-green, brassy-green, coppery-green, pure coppery to dark bronze; on Sa11x 12 12 pronotl1m appearing strongly convex or slightly swollen anteriorly (Fig 4); elytral margins narrow in dorsal view; median lobe of genitalia evenly arcuate in lateral view (Fig. n) 15 sculptllrata (I.azorko) Pronotum moderately convex, not appearing swollen anteriorly (as in Figs. I, 2, 3); elytral margins narrow to moderately broad in dorsal view; median lobe of genitalia in lateral view, bent at basal one-third, straight in apical two-thirds (Fig. 32) 16 nana (Say) (in pare) 13. Colour of dorsum dark bronze or coppery bronze to purplish .•..•...... ••••.... 14 Colour of dorsum bright green, blue-green, brassy-green, bronze-green or coppery-green ••..•..•••••••..••..••••.••...... •..••.....•.•..•.....•....•..... 17 14. Elytral margins moderately to strongly broadened in dorsal view (as in Fig. 9), brush of setae on first abdominal sternum very distinct, well-defined (Fig. 14) .....•••..•.•...... •••...... ••..••••.•...•.••••.••.•...••..•.• 4 solita n. sp. Elytral margins narrow in dorsal view (as in Fig. 10); brush of setae on first abdominal sternum distinct, well-defined or poorly developed to obsolete ....•.• 15 15. Median lobe of genitalia, in lateral 'fiew, bent at basal one third, straight in apical two-thirds (Fig. 32) .••.••...•..••....•....•...•••.• 16 nana (Say) (in part) Median lobe of genitalia, in lateral view, evenly arcuate •.•.•....•...... •.•.•. 16 16. Median lobe of genitalia, in dorsal view, st rongly narrowed in apical one-third (Fig. 25) ••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••...••.•.....•.••••••••••••9 vaga n. sp. Med1an lobe of gen1tal1a, 1n dorsal Vlew, of almost even thickness or only Sllghtly tapered in apical tIm-thirds (Fig. 23) .•.•••••.••.• 7 opulenta (LeConte) (in part) 17. Median lobe of genitalia, in lateral view, bent at basal one-third, straight in apical two-thirds (Fig. 32)...... 16 nana (Say) (in part) Median lobe of genitalia, in lateral view, evenly arcuate •..•..••.•.••••...... 18 Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986 IN5ECTA MUNDI 163
1R. Range in southwestern United States; elytral margins narrow in dorsal view (as in Fig. 10) ..•....• 7 opulenta (LeConte) (in part) Range in eastern United States and Canada; elytral margins narrow to moderately broad j n dorsal vi ew 19 19. Elytra1 margins moderately broad in dorsal view; major pronotal punctures sparse to moderately dense; ventral side of median lobe of genitalia without distinct longitudinal impressioos at middle (Fig 21) . 5 decora n. sp. Elytral margins relatively narrow in dorsal v~ew; major pronotal punctures dense; ventral side of median lobe of genitalia with a distinct longitudinal impression Qn each side at middle. (~ig. 24) ...... •...... •.. 8 luminosa n. sp. FEMALES 20. Dorsal surface dark bronze, coppery-bronze, dark blue, dark purple to black •••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••..••.••.••••.•••.•.•....•••••••••••••••••.•.•. •• 21 Dorsal surface green, blue-green, brassy-green, bronze-green or coppery-green ••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •• 25 21. Elytral margins moderately to strongly broadened in dorsal view (as in Fig. 9); first abdominal sternum with a median patch of very crowded setiferous punctures near hind margin (as in Fig. 16) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 solita n. sp. Elytral margins narrow in dorsal view; first abdominal sternum with setiferous punctures uniformly placed or only slightly crowded medially near hind margin. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •• 22 22. First abdominal sternum with setiferous punctures uniformly distributed medially, not more crowded near hind margin; shape more broadly oval; dorsal surface dark purple to black; on Populus spp •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 12 populivera n. sp. FIrst abdominal sternum with a median patch of slightly crowded punctures near hind margin; shape elongate-oual ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , •••••••••••••• 23 23. Range in ArIzona, CalifornIa and Utah ••••••••••••• 7 opulenta (LeConte) (in part) Range other than abO\Te ••••••••••••••••••••• ••• • •••••••••••••• 24 24. Spermatheca with receptacle oval in shape (Fig. 45) ••••••••••••••••• 9 vaga n. sp. Spermatheca with receptacle globular (Fig. 52) 16 nana (Say) (in part) 25. Elytral margins moderately broad in dorsal view (as in Fig. 9) ••••••••••••••••• 26 Elytral margins narrow in dorsaL view (as in Fig. Ill) .. • 28 26. Elytral margin at declivity strongly rounded to apex; dorsal surface green to ·olue-green 5 deeora n. sp. Elytral margin at declivity more gradually rounded to apex ••••••••••••••••••••• 27 27. Sperrnatheca (Fig. 44) with receptacle elongate-oval in shape . ·••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••.•••••••••••.•.•• •. 8 ltJainos8 n. sp. ( in part) Spermatheca (Fig. 52) with receptacle globular in shape•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ...... •...•...... •...... 16 Dana (Say) (in part) 28. Pronotum appearing slightly swollen or more convex anteriorly (as in Fig. 4); shape more elongate •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 15 sculpturata (Lazorko) Pronotum not ...... swollen or more convex anteriorly (as in Figs. 1,2,3), shape 29. Range east of Great Lakes and Mississippi River ••••••• 8 ItJainosa n. sp. (in part) Range west of Great Lakes and Mississippi River •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 30 30. Range in Arizona, California and Utah •••••••••••••• 7 opulenta (LeConte) (in part) Range east and north of above ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 16 oaaa (Say) (in part) swollen, almost flat: elytra glabrous, 1. CrepldOdera longula Horn regularly punctate-striate; procoxal Figs. 17, 37: Map 1. cavities closed behind; hind tarsi with apical segment not globular; tarsal claws Crepidodera longula Horn 1889, p. 240 , 316 appendiculate; head with frontal tuhercles (type locality, near McPherson, Kansas), elongate, oblique, convex, sharply delimited Henshaw 1895, p. 28; Blatchley 1910, p. dorsally by distinct furrows, surface 1213; Leng InO, p. 300, Heikertinger between frontal tubercle and margin of eye 1924-1925, p. 65; Douglass 1929, p. 31; conspicuously, moderately punctate. Balsbaugh and Hays 1972, p. 156. 164 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. 3, October 1986
Cbalcoides longula (Horn): Schaeffer 1932, (ab. violacea Melsh.), (in part). p. 243: Heikertinger and Csiki 1939, p. 324: TYPE Ml\TERIAL. Lectotype, heFe designated, Heikertinger 1948-1950, p. 115, 136: Wilcox male, with the labels "Pennsylvania, 1954 , p. 455: Lazorko 1974, p. 146, 152, Mel sbeimer"!"Lectotype, Crepidodera 153. violacea Me1sh., ~, R.H. Parry, 1976". This rypg MATER IAI.. I.ectotype, bere designated' specimen is in the Melsheimer-Ziegler male, with l::thell:t "KS" '''I,ectotype Collection, Museum of Comparative Zoology, 3836'/ Lectotype, Crepldodera tonguta Horn, Harvard Universlty. d, R.H. Parry, 1976". This specimen is in The lectotype is the tenth in a series the Horn Collection, Museum of Comparative of 12 specimens. Ihe flrst specImen ln the Zoology, Harvard University. The lectotype series, a female , has a piece of red paper Is accompanied by one female and two male uu the pin but bears only the label specimens. each with the label "Ks" and a "Me1sh". Therefore, it seems appropriate to blue "Paratype" label with the numbers select as lectotype the above male with a 3836.2, 3836.3 and 3836.4 respectively. label denoting the type locality. The Paratype 3836.4 has the head missing. lectotype fits Me1sheimer's description In addition, the LeConte Collection, except that the antennae. palpi and tarsi M.C.Z., contains a single specimen of this are rufotestaceous rather than species labelled "Ks" • This probably yellow testaceous, the sides of the ptonotum belongs to the type series. are moderately rounded rather than feebly DIAGNOSIS: reddish yellow to reddish brown: rounded, and the length is 2.6 ,lila Isther setae on first abdominal sternum short and than 1.1 mm. Another female specimen inconspicuous (both sexes). bes ides the female ment iened abolfe, beal; MATERIAL EXAMINED: 35 specimens. UNITED only the label "He1sh". Four specimens STATES' Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, besi des the lectotype bear the label Kentucky, Missouri, Texas. (see Map 1). "Pennsylvania, Melsheimer". A single male REMARKS. Variation in the specimens is labelled "Pa, Ziegler" and 4 specimens Oil examined is slight. The size and spacing of one pin are labelled only "Ziegler". the larger pronotal punctures varies among In addition to the type series, 6 specimens,~ome having t~m rather small and specimells of violacea labelled only sparse ana ochers nay ng coarser, more "Helsh." occur in the Melsheimer-Ziegler closely ~laced :,unctures, gi;~ng t~ d I~: a Collection but do not seem to be placed slight r gose ppearance. e me an obe under any name. A single female specimen in specimens from Texas is slightly more of vlolacea labelled "~Ielsh." is found under nartowly rounded at the tip than in Fig. 17. the name Caeporis nana and 2 specimens, a 2. Crepidodera violacea Melshelmer male labelled "Pennsylvania, Melsheimer" and Figs. 1, 18, 38; Map 2. a specimen (sex undetermined) labelied "Pennsylvania, Ziegler" occur under the Crepidodera violacea Melsheimer 1847, p. 164 name Crepidodera helxines. (type locality, Pennsylvania): Balsballgb and DIAGNOSIS' dorsal surface violet to dark Hays 1972, p. 155. blue: pronotum with generally fine Crepidodera behioes (I. ); CrotCh punctation: pronotal transverse groove (misidentification) 1873, p. 71 (in part): feebly impressed (less strongly pronounced Hamllton 1889, p. 149; Horn 1889, p. 316; than in other species): setae of the first Hamilton 1894, p. 399; Duckett 1920, p. 149. abdominal sternum in the male short, Cbalcoides helxines (L.): Leng inconspicuous (both sexes). (misidentification) 1920, p. 300 (in part); MATERIAL EXAMINED: 1100 specimens. CANADA' Beller and Hatch 1932, p. 12~, 129 Ontario, Quebec. UNIfEO SrArES: Colorado, (ab. violacea). Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Chalcoides helxines violacea (Melsh.): Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Schaeffer 1924, p. 145. Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Chalcoides fulvicornis violacea (Me1sh.): Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Chittenden 1925, p. 120. York, North Catolina. Ohio, l'ennsylvania, Chalcoides fulvicornis (Fabr.); Heikertinger Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, and Csiki (misidentification) 1939, p. 320 Tennessee, VenaOtlt, Virgitda, west (ab. violacea Melsh.), (in part). Virginia. (see Map 2). Ghalcoides violacea (Helsh.), I~ikertinger REMARKS. ':.riaHon in C. violacea was 1948-1950, p. 110 (fig.), 116, 136: Wilcox pointed out by Me1sheimer (1847) in the 1954, p. 455; Lazorko 1974, p. 146, ISO, original description. He described, ill 152, 153. addition to his "type", 3 varieties of which Crepidodera DaRa (Say); Hat ch 1971, p. 219 2 are based on sligbt colour differences and Vol. 1, no. Y, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 165
differences in the punctation and smoothness than the basal se:rents; becoming ~iceous or of the pronotum. His third variety (Var c) differs mainly in being "brilliant brassy" and in having the elytra "indented behind segments scarcely or no dalkel than the the base towards the suture" • These basal ones. Rarely, the antenna is entirel; characters lead me to suspect that this dark except for tRe basal two Ol thle "variety" is probabl y a df fferent species, segments. The hind femora are t,pically although I found no examples of it with the ent1rely piceous but in some specimens, type material in the Mel she1mer-Ziegler especially many from Cali fornia, tRey are Collection. part1ally light to dark reddish-brown or The specimens examined show some entirely the same colour as the remainder of val fation in colour. The maj ority have the tfie legs. dorsal surface either entirely violaceous or Tn the majori ty of spec imens. the dark blue to blue-green with violet pronotal punctation 1S (as descr1bed by reflections. Othel s have the pronotum and Lazorko, 1974) moderately strong, dense and elytra differing in shade, the elytra quite uniform. Very few specimens have the 'dolaceous or blue to blue green with violet pronotum more finely and sparsely p"nctate reflections and the pronotum more greenish, giving the disc a smoother appearance while or ,..ice versa. A few specimens are a number of specimens have coarser, blue-green, dark green or slightly virtually contiguous punctures making the brassy-green abo'..e with no trace of violet. disc appear somewhat rugose. Variation in the median lobe is slight. 8011~a Some specimens are not as strongly broadened 4. Crepldodera new species apically as in Fig. 18 and have the tip Figs. 14, 20, 40; Map 4 slightly more narrowly rounded. DIAGNOSIS: dorsal surface dark bronze to 3. Crepidodera speoceri (Lazorko) coppery-bronze with margins greenish; shape new combination elongate-oval; major pronotal punctures Figs 19, 39; Map 3 moderate to coarse in size; elytral declivity evenly rounded; elytral disc at Chalcoides spenceri I.azorko 1974, P 147, most only very feebly depressed behind basal 148 (fig.), ISO, lSI, 153 (type locality, one-quarter; lateral margins of elytra Vancouver, British Columbia). moderately to strongly broadened In dorsal TYPE MATERIAL. Holotype: Male, Vancouver, view, visible for their entire length; British Columbia, U.B.C. Endow. Lands, metasternlUD glabrous near mi d 11 ne In on Salix sp., June 10, 1953, W. Lazorko (W. posterior two-thirds; mal es with pubescence Lazorko Coll.). Allotype: Female, same of first abdominal sternum longer and more data as holotype (W. Lazorko Coil.). conspicuous than in females, denser apically Palatypes, 5 .nales, 5 females, Vancouver, forming a distinct, sharply-defined median British Columbia, U.B.C. Endow. Lands and brush near hind margin (Fig. 14); middle and Shaughnessy Hosp. Lands, W. Lazorko (W. hind trochanters without a distinct brush of Lazorko Coil.; 1 female, L.G. Gentner setae. co11.). MALE. Holotype. length 2.4 mm, greatest No type material was seen. The naille is width 1.2 mlU. Shape elongate-oval; length appl ied on the basis of the original equal to twice the width. Dorsum shining, description and a single female topotype metallic, vertex of head dalk bronze green; bearing Lazorko's determination label. pronotum and elytra dark bronze with green DU,GNOSIS: anterior pFonotal angl es
a fresh new root of S. alba x fragilis and feebly produced. truncation slightly less left overnight. the larva chewed at several than length of second antennal segment. places on a small lateral root but did not Antebasal transverse groove deep. strongly mine. It became inactive and died several pronounced Major punctures of pronotal hours later. Some of the other small. disc moderately dense. irregularly tender roots on the same plant contained distributed; s1 ze moderate to slightly vacant larval mines. Some mines ran for a coarse. the latter close or equal to size of short distance along a root and out into basal serial punctures of elytra; punctures smaller lateral roots. Entrance or exit in interspaces minute. much smaller than holes were apparent in each mine. Larvae lIlaj or punctures. Elytron at decliVity had fed on the tissues of the cortex and on evenly rounded; disc in basal one-half the tender tissues. probably endodermis and almost eveuly couvex. Lateral margins of pericycle. surrounding the central vascular elytra moderately broad in dorBal view bundle. Reddish-brown frass occurred vidble for entLL:; length. Uytral strta: :=~ut t~~emin;:~racters strongly. distinctly punctate from base to given in the apex. Metasternum medially somewhat d~~gnOSis Will separ:te solita irom all the sparsely. inconspicuously setose except glabrous near midline in posterior two thirds. First abdominal sternum specimens of nana and. possibly. opulenta. medially with a very dense patch of long. The lateral elytral margins in solita are erect setae near apical margin forming a distinctly broader than in opulenta and conspicuous well-defined brush; area slightly broader than in "agB and naDa. anterior to brush sparsely setose. Middle Males can usually be separated from those and hind trochanters with a few of opulenta and nana hy the more 1nconspf cuous setae as in adj acent parts of sharply-defined apical brush of setae on the femora. first abdominal sternum. Males of solita can easily be distinguished from those Median lobe of genitalia (Fig. 21) 0.8 of nana and vaga by the shape of the rom long. evenly arcuate except slightly genitalia (Fig. 20). The shape of the recurved at apex; in dorsal view. of even spermatheca (Fig. 40) in females dll also thickness in apical two-thirds except readily separate solita from the other three slightly narrowed at tip; tip rounded. species. Ventral side smooth except for a short. shallow median furrow at apex. 5. Crepidodera decora new species FEUALE. Allotype: length 2.9 rom. greatest Figs. 21. 41; Map 5. width 1.4 Mm. Similar to male except for sexual differences at apex of abdomen. setae DIAGNOSIS: dorsal surface bright green to of first abdominal sternum shorter and less blue-green; elytral decli~ity evenly conspicuous. first abdominal sternum lacking rounded; lateral margins of elytra a brush of setae but with a median patch of moderately broad in dorsal view, visible for crowded setiferous punctures near hind their entire length; males with pubescence margin; and the following non-sexual of f1 rst abdomi nal sternum longer and more differences: anterior pronotal angles with conspicuous than in females. denser apically truncation equal to length of second forming a distinct. sharply-defined median antennal segment; maj or pronotal punctures brush near hind margin; median lobe of male slightly more dense. genitalia evenly arcuate in lateral view. TYPE MATERIAL. Holotype: Male. Ottawa. without conspicuous ventral sculpture except Ontario. Hay 31. 1962. W.J. Brown. on Salix for a shallow median furrow at apex. discolor (eNC No. 15395). Allotype: MALE. Holotype: length 2.4 rom. greatest Female, same data as holotype (CNC No. width 1.1 Mm. Shape elongate-oval; length 15395). Both holotype and allotype are in slightly greater than twice the width. tbe Canadian National Collection. Ottawa. Dorsum shining. metallic; vertex of head. Paratypes: 360 specimens. CANADA. pronotum and e1ytta green; head below vertex ontario: Arnprior. Bell's Corners. blue-green; scutellum piceous. Antennae and Blackburn. Brittania Hts•• Constance Bay. legs rufotestaceous. Ventral surface Delhi. Georgetown. Razeldean. Kinburn. shining black. Marmora. Merivale. Ottawa. Ramsayville Vertex of head along anter ior edge of Marsh. Simcoe. Quebec: Carman Lake. Farm pronotum smooth. very finely punctulate. Point. Gatineau Pk.. Hull. Knowlton. Pronotum with sides slightly sinuous with Kuowlton's Landing. UNITED STATES. apical two-thirds feebly arcuate and basal Connecticut: New Haven. Massachusetts: one-third subparallel; anterior angles Boston. West Medford. Michigan. Lansing. Vol. I, no. 3, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 169
New Baltimore. New Baapshire: Exeter, Mt. major punctation of the pronotum is Washington, N. Conway, Rumney. Nev Yock: generally denser and slightly coarser than Ithaca, Lake Placid, Whiteface Mt., Wayne in decora. Male genitalia in decora differ Co. (see Map 5). Paratypes ace deposited in slightly from those in luatnosa in lacking the following collections: CAS, CNC, CSCA, distinct longitudinal impressions on the CU, FMNH, HARe, MCZ, 08U, RaP, USNU. l1entcal side. III shape, deeora usually VARIATION. Males range from 2.0 to 2.8 mm differs from both la-inosa and nana in in length and from 0.9 to 1.3 mm in greatest hailing the sides of the elytca at the width. Females range from 2.3 to 3.2 mm in declivities more strongly rounded to the length and from 1.1 to 1.6 mm in greatest apex. In lUlllinosa and nana. the sides of wi dth. In both sexes, the length ranges the elytra are generally slightly more from equal to twice the width to slightly gradually rounded at the declh Hies. It greater than twice the width. Variation in is, however, very difficult to color is slight. The head, pronotwn and separate deeora from eastern specimens elytra range from green to blue-greeu. of nana except by the distinct difference in Antennae are typically entirely the shape of the male genitalia (Fig. 21) rufotestaceous but occasionally have the a;d female spermatheca (Fig. 41). The shape apical one-half darker to dark ceddish-bcown. Hiud femora range from entirely rufotestaceous to partially or 6. Crepidodera browni new species enticely dark reddish brown to piceous. The Figs. 8, 22, 42, Uap 6. metasternum and first abdominal sternum occasionally show a greenish reflection. DIAGNOSIS: Dorsal surface bright green, The sides of the pronotum range from evenly, brassy-green, coppery-green, pure coppery, feebly to moderately arcuate in a few coppery bronze or dark bronze colour; elytra specimens to slightly sinuous with the in both sexes bulging laterally at the apical two thirds feebly to moderately declivities to overhang and hide part of the arcuate and the basal one-third lateral margins (Fig. 8); males with the subparallel. The anterior pronotal angles pubescence of the first abdominal sternum have the truncation equal to or slightly longer and more conspicuous than in females, less than the length of the second antennal pubescence denser apically forming a segment. The major punctation of the distinct, feebly to strongly defined median pronotal disc varies from sparse to very brush near the hind margin. dense, the size of the punctures ranging MALE. Holotype: length 2.7 mm, greatest from fine to moderate in some specimens and width 1.35 mm. Shape elongate-oval; length from moderate to coarse in others. The equal to twice the width. Dorsum shining, small punctures of the pronotal interspaces metallic; head, pronotum and elytra range from very ffne to about one-half the brassy-green; scutellum black. Antennae and diameter of the major punctures. Male legs rufotestaceous. Ventral surface genitalia range in length from O. 7 to O. 8 shining black. rom. In dorsal view, the median lobe varies Vertex of head along anterior edge of from slightly tapered at the aperture to pronotum smooth, very finely punctulate. slig!ltly broadened and the tip ranges from Pronotum with sides slightly sinuous with narrowly to bcoadly counded. In females, apical two-thirds moderately arcuate and spermathecae range from 0.20 to 0.25 mm in basal one-third subparallel; anterior angles length and ale similal to Fig. 41. feebly produced, tcuncation slightly less REMARKS. The characters given in the than length of second antennal segment. diagnosis aud its eastern range should Ante basal transll'erse grool1e deep, strongly separate decora from all the other species. pronounced. Major punctures of pronotal On the basis of external characters, decora disc dense, irregularly distributed; size will easily be confused with Itmiaosa. moderate, smaller than basal serial aana. and possibly sculpturata. In colour punctures of elytra; punctures in and shape, deeora is similar to some interspaces minute to about one half sculpturata but can be distinguished from diameter of major punctures. Elytron (Fig. this species by the distinctly broader S) at declivity slightly bulging laterally elytral margins and, in males, by the to overhang margin; disc gently depressed pubescence of the first abdominal sternum behi nd basal one quarter. Lateral margins forming a distinct median brush near the of elytra narrow in dorsal view, hidden at hind margin. The elytral margins declivity by bulge. Elytral striae in decora are generally only slightly strongly, distinctly punctate from base to broader tban in 111-loos8. In h..10088. the apex. Metasternum medially somewhat 170 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986 sparsely, inconspicuously setose except Pennsylvania: Allegheny Co., Clarks Ferry, glabrous near midline in posterior Easton, Reading. South Carolina: Aiken, two-thirds. First abdominal sternum Clemson, Greenwook Co. Tennessee: medially with a dense patch of long, erect Clarksville, Oak Ridge, Rhea Col, Roane setae near apical margin forming a Co. Texas: Austin, Corsicana, Houston, couspicuous, slightly loose brush: area Jewett, Kerrville, Leon Co., Longview, anterior to brush moderately densely Marshall, Nacodoches, Navasota, Tatum. setose. ~fidd1e and hind trochantecs with a Vermont: Brattleboro. Virginia: Alex. few inconspicuous setae as in adjacent parts co., Fredericksberg, Great Falls, Nelson of femora. Co., Rosslyn. West Virginia: Fairmont. Median lobe of genitalia (Fig. 22) 0.8 (see Map 6). Paratypes are deposited in the llllD long, e\fenly arcuate from base to apex, follOWing collections: CAS, CNC, CSCA, in dorsal view, of even thickness in apical FMNH, HABe, aSH, RHP, 80SH, HA, llSNM. two thirds except slightly narrowed at tip, VARIATION. Males range from 2.1 to 2.8 mm tip rounded. Ventral side with a shallow in length and from 1.0 to 1.4 rom in greatest longitudinal impression on each side at width. Females range from 2.4 to 3.3 mm in middle and a short, shallow longitudinal length and from 1.2 to 1.7 !DID in greatest median furrow at apex. width. In both sexes, the length ranges FEMALE. Allotype: length 2.8 mm, greatest fcom equal to twice the width to slightly width 1.4 mm. Similar to male except for greater than twice the width. There is sexual differences at apex of abdomen; setae considerable \far iatiOIl ill the colour of the of metasternum and first abdominal sternum dorsal surface. Specimens var; in colour shorter and less conspicuous; first from green, brassy greetl or copp cy-green to abdominal sternum lacking a brush of setae pure coppery, copperf;bronze or dark hilt with a median patch of slightly croWded bronze. This varLat on appears to be setiferous punctures near hind margin; and clinal. Specimens from the northeastern the followi ng non-sexua I differences: rna] or part of the range, from Hassachusetts and punctures of pronotal disc slightly coarser, Ontario to Georgia are generally green or punctures of interspaces minute. greenish while specimens from Florida to TYPE MATERIAL. Holotype: Male, Plummers Texas and from Iowa, Kansas and southern Island Maryland, May 23, 1964, Illinois are darker, from pure coppery to on Salix, W.J. Brown collector (CNC No. coppery-bronze or dark bronze. Material 15396). Allotype: Female, same data as from Tennessee, Alabama and Mississippi holotype (CNC No. 15396). Both holotype and 1nc] udes both greenish and coppery to dark allotype are in the Canadian National bronze specimens. Collection, Ottawa. Greeni Sh specimens exhibit some Paratypes: 444 specimens. CANADA. variation in shade. They range from Alberta: Uedieine Hat. Ontario. unicolorous, with the head, pronotlw and Brittania, New Sarum, Walsingham. UNITED elytra green or brassy-green, to slightly STt~ES. Alabama: Coleta, Jackson. bicolorous with head and pronotlw green, District of ColUlllbia: Rock Creek Pk. blue-green or brassy-green and the elytra Florida: Oak Groye. Georgia: Hiawassee. moce brassy or coppery. Also, the head may Illinois: Cairo, Chandlerville, Grand be green to blue-green with the pronotum and Tower. IDcliana: Elkhart, LaFayette, elytra canging £Com brassy-green or Leavenworth, Vigo Co., Wabash River. Iowa: coppery-:reen to ~ure co~;ery. Antennae DeWitt, Independence, Iowa City, Keokuk, occasion lly have he api lfouc or five Solon. Kansas: Topeka. Kentucky: segments slightly darker than the remainder Loui svl I Ie, Mrirehead. Louisiana: to medium reddish brown. Hind femora cange Covington, Logansport, Morgan City, Mound. from entirely to partially rufotestaceous or Maryland: Baltimore, Bladensburg, Cabin entirely medium to dark reddish-brown. John, Ft. Washington, Glen Echo, Mantg. Co., The sides of the pronotum vary from Plummers Is1., Riverdale. Massacbusetts: evenly, moderately arcuate to slightly Chicopee, Sherborn. Michigan: Maple (1 sinuous with the apical two-thirds feebly to Rapids). Mississippi: Agr. Col., strongly arcuate and the basal one-third LeakeSVille, Lucedale, Meridian, Richton, subparallel. The truncation of the anterior Stackville. Missouri: (state record pronotal angle ranges from slightly less only). New Jersey: Bound Brook, than to equal the length of the second Phillipsburg. New York: West Point. North antennal segment. There is considerable Carolina: Anson Co., Franklin, Raleigh, variation In the pnnctatfon of the pronotal Richmond Co. Ohio: Columbus, Liverpool, disc. The major punctation ranges from Paines~ille, Sugar Grove, Vinton Co. sparse to lTery dense. Size of the major Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 171 punctation ranges from moderate to coarse, Beller and Hatch 1932, p. 128, 129. the lattet equal itl size to t1.e basal serial Cbalcoides fulvicoruts (Fabr.); Heikertlnger punctures of the elytra. The size in and Csiki (misidentification) 1939, p. 320 itldiITidual specimens varies among moderate, (itl part). moderate to slightly coarse, moderate to ?Cbalco1des fulvicorn1s DaDa (Say); coarse, and coarse. The lateral elytral Heikettitlget 1948 1950. p. 110 (fig.), 115. margins range from narrow to moderately 136-137 (in part); Lazorko 1974, p. 148 broad in dorsal view. In males, the (fig.). 152. metasternal setae range from somewhat sparse Crep1dodera DaDa (Say); Balsbaugh and Hays and inconspicuous as in the holotype to more 1972, p. 156 (in part). closely placed and more conspicuous. The DIAGNOSIS: dorsal surface dark green, setal brush on the first abdominal sternum bronze green, brassy green, coppery green, in males varies from slightly loose as in coppery-bronze to dark bronze; shape the holotype to more strongly defined. Male elongate-oval; anterior pronotal angles genitalia range in length from 0.7 to 0.8 feebly produced; major pronotal punctures mm. In dorsal view, the median lobe varies moderate to slightly coarse in size; elytral from slightly more strongly narrowed decli\7ity e\7enly rounded; lateral margins of apically than in Fig. 22 to scarcely elytra narrow in dorsal view, visible for narrowed apically with the tip appearing their entire length; males with pubescence subtruncate. In females, spermathecae of first abdominal sternum longer and more (Fig. 42) range from 0.13 rom to 0.16 rom in conspiCllolls than in females, denser apically length. forming a distinct but poorly developed REMARKS. In most external characters and in median brUSh near h1 nd margi n; med1 an lobe male genitalia, Crep1dodera browui is of male genitalia evenly arcuate in lateral similar to solita. decora. luaiuosa view; range in southwestern United States. and opulenta. It can easily be separated TYPE MATERIAL. Lec totype, here designated: from these and most other species by the male, with a circular gold label which elytron bulging laterally at the declivity represents California, a red label "type to overhang and hide part of the lateral 4437" and the following labels. "A. (C.) margin in dorsal view. This condition is opulenta Lec. Cal. "/"Lectotype If. also present to some extent in a few other Crepidodera opulent. (Lee.), R.H. Patty, species, namely violacea. spencer1 (more 1976". This specimen is in the LeConte commonly in females) and populivora (some Collection, Uuseum of ComparatilTe Zoology, females only). However, browui can readily Harvard University. The lectotype is be distinguished from these species by the accompanied by two female specimens. These slightly more elongate shape, the different each bear a circular gold label and are colour of the dorsal surface and by the probably syntypes. pubescence of the first abdominal sternum in MATERIAL EXAMINED: 253 specimens. UNITED males. Males of brOVDl differ from those STATES. Arizona, California, Colorado, of v101acea and spencer1 in having the setae Utah. (see Map 7). of the first abdominal sternum longer and REMARKS. In the original description, more conspicllolls than in females and from l~Conte (1858) described the colour of this males of popul1vora in having a conspicuous species as 'laete viridiaurea" or bright brush of setae near the hind margin of the green-gold. 'the lectotype differs from this sternum. in having the dorsal surface coppery-bronze This species is named in memory of the with a slight greenish reflection. late Mr. W•J• Brown who collected a good part of the type sedes of this species and much of the material used in this revision. 7. Crep1dodera opulenta (LeConte) except western specimens of nana. It may new cOlDbinat ion al so be confused with scu1pturata and vaga. Figs. 23, 43; Map 7. Specimens of opulenta usually differ from those of sculptuTata in that the pronotum Baltica opulentaLeConte 1858, p. 86 (type does not appear as strongly convex or locality, Fort Yuma, California). swollen anteriorly as in sculpturata. In Crepidodera helxines (L.); Crotch addition, males of sculpturata lack a (misidentification) 1873, p. 71 (in part); distinct brush of setae in the pubescence of Hamilton 1889, p. 149; Horn 1889, p. 316; the first abdominal sternum. In vaga. the Hamilton 1894, p. 399; Duckett 1920, p. 149. lateral margins of the elytra are getletally Chalcoides 1M!lxines (L.); Leng scarcel~ broader than in o~ulenta. The (misidentification) 1920, p 300 (in part); shape 0 the male ge(litaliaFig. 23) will 172 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. 3, October 1986
easily separate opulenta from otherwise setose. Middle and hind troch:;ters with a similar males of nana. This character, few inconspicuous setae as in aacent parts along with the shape of the spermatheca of femora. (Fig. 43) in females, will also readily Median lobe of genttalta (Fig. 24) o. 7 distinguish opulenta from sculpturata mm long, evenly arcuate except slightly and vaga. 'the spermatheca ill opulenta is recurITed at apex, ttl dorsal view. or even occa~ionall~ very similar to that in western thickness in apical two-thirds except spec mens 0 nana. slightly narrowed at tip: tip rounded. Ventral side sculptured with a 8. Crepidodera 1oaioosa new species distinct longitudinal impression on each Figs. 10, 24, 44; Map 8. side at middle and a short, shallow median furrow at apex. FEMALE. Allotype: length 2.8 mIn, greatest width 1.4 mm. Similar to male except for elytral decliv1ly eITenly tounded; lateral sexual differences at apex of abdomen, setae margins of elytra narrow to moderately broad of first abdominal sternum shorter and less in dorsal view, ITisible for theit entite conspicuous, the sternum lacking a brush of length; males with pubescence of first setae but with a patch of slightly crowded abdominal sternum longer and more seti ferous punctures near hind margin; and conspicuous than in females, denser apically the following non-sexual differences: sides forming a distinct, well defined median of pronotum slightly sinuous with apical brush near hind margin: median lobe of male two-thirds ~eebl~ arcuate and basal genitalia evenly arcuate in lateral ,..lew, one-thIrd subparaliel: mafor punctures of with distinct longitudinal impressions on ventra! side. lytI' modera ely road n orsal view. MALE. Holotype: length 2.4 mm, greatest TYPE MATERIAL. HolQtype o Male, Hartland, wi dth I. J mm. Shape elongate-oual; length New Brunswtck, July ~,l~42,~.M. stirrett, slightly greater than twice the width. small willows on beach (eNC No 15397). Allotype: Female, same data as holotype ~ (eNe No. 15397). Both holotype and al (ntype ow vertex green 0 nIue-green; scute um are in the Canadian National Collection, black. Antennae and legs, except bind Ottawa. femora, rufotestaceous; hind femora dark Paratypes: 144 specimens. CANADA. reddish-brown. Ventral surface shin! ng New Brunswiclt: Hat nand. Woodstock, Young's hlack. Cove. Newfoundland: South Branch {W. Vet tex of head along anterior edge of Newfoundland), Spruce Brook, Steady Bk •• pronotum smooth, very finely punctulate. Nova Scotia: Truro. Quebec: Casca2edia Pronott1Dl wi th sides eveuly. feebly arcuate; Caspe. UNITED STATES. Uassachusetts; anterior angles feebly pronounced, Little Deer R. New Jersey: Phillipsburg. truncation slightly less than length of New York: Ithaca, Lake Placid. second antennal segment. Ante-basal Pennsylvania: Easton, Lehigh Gap. (see Map transverse groolTe deep, s ttongly 8). Paratypes are deposited in the pronounced. Major punctures of pronotal following collections· CAS, CNC, CU, llAlle, disc moderately dense, irregularly OA, OSNM. distributed; size moderately coarse, close VARIATION. Males range in length from 2. 2 or equal to size of basal serial punctures to 2.8 mm and In greatest width from 1.1 to of elytra; punctures in interspaces fine, ~'i ~e~ales much smaller than iDaj or punctures. Elytron Mm. range in length from 2.3 to (Fig. 10) at decliVity evenly rounded; disc to twice the width to slightly greater than twtce tne width. Variation in colour is v ew, viS efor ent re engt. E ytra djs~nctl f~~m light. The head, pronotum and elytra range striae strongly, y punctate frOID pure green to bIlle-green. brassy-green or bronze-green. The head and pronotum occasionally differ in Shade from the g abrou e m ne n pos er or elytra, the latter being slightly more two-thirds. First abdominal sternum ~ntennae, medially with a very dense patch of long, brassy Ot bronze. typIcally occa:i~n~l1~ ha~e erect setae near apical margin forming a entirely rufotestaceous, conspicuous well-defined brush; area anterior to brush modetately densely entirely rufotestaceous to part a y or Vol. J, no. ~, October J986 INSECTA MUNID entirely dark reddish-brown. The sides of female spermatheca (Fig. 44). These will the pronotllm range from evenly, feebly or also distinguish hlJl1nosa from decora moderately arcuate to slightly sinuous with and sculpturata. the apic.al two-thirds feebly to moderately arcuate and the basal one-third subparallel. The major punctatlon of the 9. Crepidodera v8ga new species Figs. 25. 45: Map 9. oderately dense t very d use and is rarely sparse. The lateral elytral margins range DIAGNOSIS. dor sal surface dark in width from somewhat narrow as in the coppery-bronze to dark purplish; shape hOlot;~e to moderately broad as in the elongate oval; major pronota1 punctures moderately coarse in size: elytral declivity evenly rounded, e1yt;ra1 disc at most only median lobe 'faries from slightly taper d at very feebly depressed behind basal the aperture to slightly broadened. In one quarter; lateral margins of elytra females, spermathecae range from 0.16 to narrow in dorsal view, visible for their 0.19 mm in length and are similar to Fig. entire length; males with pubescence of 44. first abdominal sternum longer and more REMARKS. The holotype and allotype are conspicuous than in females, denser apically slightly damaged. The holotype is missing forming a distinct, sharply-defined median the last three segments of the left front brush near hind margin; median lobe of male tarsus and the last segment of the right genitalia e'~en1Y arcuate in lateral view; hind tarsus. Part of the left antenna is broken off but this was salvaged and is glued to the point with the specimen. The allotype is missing the last three segments slightly s-re;oter ttuln ~twice the width. of the left middle tarsus. the tarsi of the Oorsum shh1.ng, miia1l1c; pronotum ana right middle and hind legs are broken off elytra dark coppery-bronze with margins but these were salvaged and are glued to the greenish; head dark green; scutellum :;;t o;i~~na~~; :~~~~:~n'WithBO~~es~~~~~~;: piceous. Antennae and legs yellowish-brown. Ventral surface shining and legs held in an excessive amount of an 'alack. acetate glue. The damage was discovered Vertex of head along anterior edge of when the ~lue was dissolved in am~l acetate pronotum smooth, very finely punctulate. Pronotum with sides Sli;htl; sinuous with apical two thirds '40deFtel ar cuate and ventral surface and for dissection of the basal one-third subparallel; anterior angles male specimen. feebly produced, truncation slightly less The characters given in the diagnosis than length of second antennal se~ent. and its eastern range should separate Ante basal transverse groove deep, strongly luainosa from all the other species. On the pronounced. Major punctures of pronotal basis of external characters, luainosa will disc dense, irregularly distributed; size be easily confused with decora. nana and. moderately coarse, close or equal to size of possibly, sculpturata. It can usually be basal serial punctures of elytra; punctures distinguished from decora by the generally in interspaces fine, much smaller than major denser and slightly coarser punctation of punctures. Elytron at declivity evenly the pronotum, the generally slightly rounded; disc uery gently depressed behind narrower elytral margins and the sides of basal one-quarter. Lateral margins of the elytra at the declivities more gradually el ytra oa rrow f 0 dorsal view, visible for rounded to the apex. Male genitalia entire length. Elytral striae strongly, in luainosa differ from those in deeera in distinctly punctate from base to apex. having distinct lateral longitudinal Metasternum medially somewhat closely, impiessions on the 'lentral side. In conspicuously setose except glabrolls near ua nosa. the pronotum is not as convex or midline in posterior two-thirds. First s~llen an~e~iO~lY as ~; sculPt;rata. Also, abd0l4inal sternum medially with adense patch of long erect setae near apical margin for ming a conspicuous, welldeftned brush; brush in the pubescence of the first area anterior to brush sQarsely setose. abdomi na I sternum. The on t y sure way of Uiddle and hind trochanters with a few separating lmalnosa from nana is by the inconspicuous setae as in adjacent Qarts of shape of the male genita11 a (Fig. 24) and femora. 174 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. 3, October I986
Median lobe of genitalia (Fig. 25) REMARKS. The characters given in the about o. 8 mm long, evenly arcuate itom base diagnosis and its range east of the Rocky to apex; in dorsal view, broadened just Mountains should separate vaga from all the posterior to middle, strongly narrowed ill othet species. In extetnal chatactets, apical one-third; tip rounded. Ventral side vaga is simi lsI" to solita, opulenta and with a distinct impression on each side near mid westetn Ot westetn specimens of nana and middle converging in apical one third into a will likely be confused with these. Females single median longitudinal furrow extending may also be confused with those of to apex. populivora. The lateral elytral margins FEMALE. Allotype: length 3.1 mm, greatest in vaga are narrower than in solita and vidth 1.5 !DID. Similar to male except for generally scarcely broader than in sexual differences at apex of abdomen; setae opulenta and populivora. Males of vaga can of metasternum and first abdominal sternUlll usually be separated from similar males shorter and less conspicuous; first of nana by the more strongly defIned median abdominal sternum lacking a brush of setae brush of setae near the hind margin of the but with a median patch of crowded first abdominal sternum. The different setiferolls punctures near hind margin range of vaga wi 11 di st i ngui sb it from TYPE MATERIAL. Holotype: Male, Pt. Pelee, opulenta. The shape of the male genitalia Ontario, June 15, 1940, W..J. Brown, (Fig 25) and female spennatheca (Fig. 45) on Populus deltoides (CNC No. 15398). will readily separate vaga from all of these Allotype: Female, Same data as holotype species. (CNC No. 15398). Both holotype and allotype ate in the Canadian National Collection, 10. Crepldodera belkertlngerl (Lazorko) Ottawa. new combination Paratypes. 32 specimens. CANADA. Figs. 9, 15, 26, 33-36, 46; Map 10. Ontario: Pt. Pelee. UNITED STATES. South Dakota: Port Pierre, Newell. Tennessee: aUllcotdes hetkerttngerl Lazorko 1974, p. Clarksville. (see Map 9). Paratypes are 147. 148 fig., 149, 152 (type locality, deposited in the follOWing collections: Essondale, British Columbia). GNG, HARG, RHP, SDSU, USNM. DIAGNOSIS: Dorsal surface dark metallic VARIATION. Males range from 2.4 to 2.9 nun bronze, purplish or dark greenish; shape in length and from 1.2 to 1.4 nun in greatest broadly oval; latetal margins of elytra width. Females range from 2.7 to 3.3 mm in conspicuously broad, relatively wider than l~~g~h and from 1. '3 to 1.6 nun in greatest in other North American species except for some specimens of solita; males with middle equal to twice the width to slightly greater of metasternum covered throughout with setae than twice the width. Colour of the dorsal almost as long and conspicuous as those of surface ranges from dark coppery-bronze to first abdominal sternum which is piceous with purplish reflections. The conspicuously hirsute from base to apex, the colour of the bead be I ow tbe vertex ranges hairs forming a loose, poorly defined brush, from green to blue-green and the vertex middle and hind trochanters each with a varies from dark green to dark bronze-green distinct brush of setae on posterior or purplish. In some specimens, the 1ast margin. The distinctive male genitalia abdominal sternum has the medial and apical (Fig. 26) will also separate portion paler than the remainder to medium heikertfngerl from all other species. teddish-btown. The sides of the pronotum TYPE MAtERIAL. Rolotype: Male, Essondale, range from evenly, moderately arcuate to British Columbia, May 8, 1962, W. Lazorko slightly sinuous with the apical two-thirds (w. Lazorko ColI.). Allotype: Female, feebly to moderately arcuate. The major Essondale, British Columbia, October 11, punctation of the pronotal disc ranges from 1972, W. Lazorko (W. Lazorko Coll.). slightly sparse to dense and the pUllctures I'aratypes. :3 males, 2 fema I es, vancouver, of the interspaces vary from minute to about British Columbia, U.B.C. Endow. Lands, one-half the diameter of the major Shaughnessy Hosp. Lands and Beaver I.ake, W punctures. The elytral disc varies from Lazorko (W. Lazorko ColI.). very gently depressed behind the basal No type material WaS seen. The name 1S one-quarter as in the holotype to almost applied on the basis of the original entirely convex. Male genitalia range in description plus two Specimens from length from 0.8 to 0.9 nun. In females, Vancouver, B.C. and three s~ecimens from spermathacae (Fig. 45) range from 0.15 to Vernon, B.C., all beati, Lazorko's 0.16 nun in length. determination labels. Vol. 1, no. " October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI
MATERIAL EXAMINED: 982 specimens. CANADA: Females of helkertingerl can usually be Britisb Columbia, Manitoba, New BrunSWick, separated from those of solita by tbeir Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, slightly broader shape, the slightly wider Saskatchewan. tiN) I'lm StArES: Idabo, Maine, elytraJ margins and the dense, uniform Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, pubescence of the first abdominal sternum. Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, South Dakota, 11. Crepldodera dlgna new species Vermont, Washington. (see Map 10). Figs. n, 16, 27, 47; Map 11. FIRST INSTAR LARVA: Length about 1.0 mm, greatest width about 0.2 mm. Maximum length DIAGNOSIS: Dorsal surface shining black; of head capsule 0.19 to 0.22 mm, maximum lateral margins of elytra moderately broad, width 0.16 to 0.19 mm. Similar to first slightly narrower than in helkertlngerl; instar larva of C. solita n. sp. males similar to those of heikertingeri with SECOND INSrAR LARVA: Length 2.6 to 2.7 mm, metasternUin conspicuously setose throughout greatest width 0.3 mm. Maximum lengtb of median regiou, first abdominal sternum head capsule 0.26 to 0.28 mm, maximum width conspicuously hirsute from base to apex; 0.21 to 0.23 mm. Similar to first instar males differing from heikertingeri in having larva except prothoracic tergal shield setae of first abdominal sternum slightly paler, mesonotum and metanotum without a shorter and less dense, not forming a brush; pair of hatching spines and anal plate with middle and hind trochanters, as in a weakly developed pair of dorsal tooth-like heikertiageri. each with a distinct brush of ~ro~ctions at a~ex. setae on hind margin. The distinctive male HI INS'fAR LAR 'A, Length 3.0 to 3.3 mm, genitalia (Fig. 27) will also separate ~reatest width 0.4 mm. Maximum length of digna from all other species. In addition, earl capsule (Fig. 33) 0.38 to 0.41 mm, dlgoa can usually be distinguished from maximum width 0.30 to 0.33 mm. Similar to helkertingeri by the generally finer, second instsr larll'a except for the sparser pronotsl pUllctation and, often, by following: prothorac1c tergal shield (Fig. the outer corners of the anterior pronotal 34) very pale brown, almost white, very angles being more strongly acute. lightly sclerotized; anal plate (Fig. 36) MALE. Holotype: I,ength 2.4 mm, greatest with apical tooth-like projections strongly width 1.3 Mm. Shape broadly oval, slightly developed. elongate; length less than twice the width, PUPA: Length 2.1 to 2.8 mm. Colour white f)orsum shining, metallic; vertex of head, except eyes and mandibular teeth dark. Head pronotum and elytra black with a purpl i sh with 3 pairs of dorsal setae 1 pair reflection on pronotal disc and with medially on "ortex, 1 pair on anterior pronotal margins and sutural margins of margins of eyes and 1 pair medially at bases elytra green; head below vertex green to of antennae. Pronotum with 8 pairs of setae blue green; scutellum piceous. Antennae -- 2 pairs centrally near anterior margin, 2 light testaceous in basal one-half, darker pairs medially near centre of disc, 2 pairs in apical oue half to medhDU reddish-brown. medially on lateral margins and 2 pairs on Legs, except hind femora, rufotestaceous; posterior margin. Abdomen witb I pai r of hind femora piceous. Venual surface lateral setae per segment and wi th several shining black. additional pairs apically on last segment. Vertex of head along anterior edge of REMARKS. As Lazorko ( 197 4) pointed out, pronotum smooth except for a few scattered this species was apparently recognized by fine punctures. Pronotum with sides evenly, Heikertinger (1948-1950) who, in a footnote, moderately arcuate; anterior ang] es feebl y briefly described a single specimen from produced, truncation slightly less than Riverdale, New Jersey but did not provide a length of second antennal segment. name. His description of the male genitalia Ante-basal transverse groove moderately corresponds quite well to that of Lazodco deep. moderately pronounced. Major (1974) and the above. Lazorko (1974), punctures of pronotal disc somewhat sparse, however, knew this species only from British irregularly distributed; size moderate to Columbia. coarse, the latter close or equal to size of The characters git;'en in the diagnosis basal serial punctures of elvtra; punctures will separate helkertingerl from all of the in interspaces very minute, much smaller other species except, possibly, females than major punctures. Elytron at declivity of dlgoa and solita. It can be evenly rounded; disc in basal one-half distinguished frOID dlgoa by the slightly almost e'v'enly con."ex. Lateral margins of wider elytral margins and the generally elytra moderately broad in dorsal view stronger pllnctation of pronotUlll and elytra. '.risible for entire length. Elytral stria~ 176 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986
strongly, distinctly punctate from base to ft. Utah: Park City. (see Map 111. apex. Metasternum med i all y closely, Paratypes are deposited in the follOWing conspicuously setose. First abdominal collections: CAS, eNC, CSCA, CU, FMNH, sterDtDD (Fig. 13) medially with conspicuous, RARC, MeZ, OSU, &HP, SDSU, UA, USNM. long, semi-erect to erect setae closely VARIATION. Size of the males ranges from placed from base to apex of sternUID but not 2.1 to 2.7 mm in length and from 1.1 to 1.4 forming a brush. Middle and hind 1lIDl in greatest width. Females range from trochanters each with a distinct posterior 2.3 to 3.0 mm in length and from 1.2 to 1.6 marginal brush of setae (Fig. 13). mm in greatest width. The colour of the Median lobe of genitalia (Fig. 27) O. 7 dorsal surface is shining black, mm long, evenly arcuate; in dorsal view, occasionally with purplish or greenish gradually tapered apically except slightly reflectIons and often with greenish broadened near tip; tip rounded with a deep reflections at the margins. Antennae \Tary notch at middle. Ventral side smooth except from entIrely rufotestaceous to testaceous for a short, shallow median furrow at apex. in the basal one-half with the apical FEMALE. Allotype: Length 2.8 mm, greatest one-half darker as in the holotype. The width 1. 5 mm. Similar to male except for bInd femora range in color from entirely sexual differences at apex of abdomen; setae piceous to only partially piceous or dark - rown w much shorter, less conspicuous and rufotestaceous. The sides of the pronotum sparser; brush of setae on middle vary from evenly, moderately arcuate as In and hind trochanters less distinct; and the the holotype to Sli~htl~ sinuou~ as in ~:: following non-sexual differences· pronotal allotype. The an eri r pron tal aug disc without a purplish reflection; antennae entirely rufotestaceous; pronotum with sides ~::::ce:ro:ndfe~~elY tr:~lca~~~~lWh~~ng::ro~;~; slightly sinuous with apical two-thirds moderately arcuate and basal one-thi rd subparallel. major punctation of the pronotal disc ranges T'lPE MATERIAL. ftolotype: Male, (,I11am, from sparse to moderately dense. Most Manitoba, June 3D, 1950, W.J. Brown, on specimens ha'v"e the maj or punctures of 153~~). Salix (eNC No. Allotype: Female, moderate size while others have them same data as holotype (CNC No. 15399). Both slightly coarser as in most heikertingeri. holotype alld allotype ate in the Canadian A few have these punctures relatively fine National Collection, Ottawa. and sparse. The elytral disc ranges from Patatypes. 706 specimens. CANl\I)A: almost evenly convex in the basal one-half Alberta: Bilby, Edmonton, 30 mi. as in the holotype togently depressed behind N.Hotchkiss, McMurray, Slave Lake, 5 mi. n. the basal one-quarter as in heikertingeri. Westlock, Whitford Lake. British Colwabia: Elytral striae apically vary from distinctly Fort Nelson, 9 mi. NW. Golden, Lakelse Lake punctate to somewhat obsolete. Male bog (nr. Terrace), Paul Lake. Manitoba: genitalia range in length tram 0.6 to 0.8 Gillam, Norway House, Riding Mountain Park, I11III. In dorsal view, the median lobe is S mi. SW. Shilo, The Pas, Turtle ~{ountain either continuously tapered apically or has For. Res., 51 m1. E. Winnipeg. Northwest the tip slightly broadened. The notch at Territories: Norman Wells. Nova Seotia: the tip ranges from somewhat shallow to Mt. Uniacke. Ontario: 4 mi. E., Alcona, 42 deep. In females , spermathecae are about mi. N. Black Sturgeon Lk., 46 and 56 mi N. O. 20 IWD long and are similar to Fig. 47. Hurkett, Ignace, Lake Superior Provo Pk. REMARKS. Cre~idodera digna and the closely (Lake Mlj inemungshlng), Moose Creek 10 mi related heidertingerl ove~lap in their S. Sioux Lookout, Moose Factory, Moosonee, ranges and both species seem to live in similar habitats. In at least three loealities, Lake Uijinemungshing in Lake a e, L un er ay t. !1cKay lat., Superior Provincial Park, Ontario, Black Whitney. Quebec: Dl!chesnay, Dl!parql!et, Sturgeon Lake, Ontario, and near Golden, Mistassini, MistassInl Post, Mt. Lyall. British Columbia, both species were Saskatchewan: Canora, Prince Albert. collected in the same habitat from the same UNITED STATES: Alaska: FaIrbanks. specIes of Salix. Montana: (Fort?) Assiniboine, Bear Paw Mt., Helena. New Baapshire: Mt. 12. Crepidodera populivora new species Washington 5000-6000 ft. New York: Figs. 28, 48; Map 12. Jordanville, Mt. Whiteface. South Dakota. Flynn Creek 8 mt. N'. Pringle 5400 DIAGNOSIS: Dorsal surface dark purple to Vol. 1, no. :3, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 177
black, rarely blue, blue-green or dark longitudinal median furrow at apex. green; anterior pronotal angles feebly FEMALE. Holotype: Length 3.2 mm, greatest produced; pronotal ante-basal transverse width 1.6 Mm. Similar to male except for groove st rongl y pronounced; ma] or pronotal sexual differences at apex of abdomen, setae punctures sparse to dense, moderate to of metasternum and first abdominal sternum coarse in size, irregularly distributed; shorter and less conspicuous, elytron at elytral dec] iITity evenly rounded except in declivity very slightly bulging laterally to some females which have elytra slightly overhang and hide part of lateral margin. bulging laterally to overhang lateral TYPE MATERIAl.. Holotype: Male, Blackburn, margins; elytral disc at most only very Ontario, May 21, 1963, W.J. Brown, on gently depressed behind basal one-quarter; Populus tremlllotdes (CNC No. 15400). lateral margins of elytra narrow, visible Allotype: Female, same data as holotype for their entire length except when (CNC No. 15400). Botb bo]otype and allotype partially hidden by a bulge at the decltvity are in the Canadian National Collection, in some females; males wi tll pubescence of Ottawa. first abdominal sternum longer and more Paratypes: 1389 specimens. CANADA: conspicuous than in females and uniformly Alberta: Beaverlodge, Bilby, Edmonton, lO dense, not forming a brush. mi. N. Hotchkiss, McMurray, 18 mi. S. Peace M.'\LE. Holotype: Length 3.0 mm, greatest River. British Coluabia: Agassiz, Lum and width 1•5 mm. Shape oval, slightly Abner 58 ON Alaska Hwy. , Canal Flats, elongate; length equal to twice the width. Carbonate, Creston, Enderby, Gleneden, 9 Uorsum shining, metallic; vertex of head mi. NW. Golden, Hatzic, MacGillivray Creek dark green, pronotum and elytra dark purple, Game Reserve nr. Chilliwack, Mission City, margins of pronotum greenish; head below Similkameen R. 7 mL S. Cawston. Stanley, vertex blue-green; scutellum black. Tappen, Vernon, Victoria. Manitoba: Antennae and legs rufotestaceous. Ventral Morris, Ninette, Norway House, Ridin;: Mt. surface shining black. T?k., 2 mi W. Stockton, The Pas, Win ipeg. Vertex of head along anterior edge of New Brunswick: Bathurst, Boiestown, pronotum smooth, very finely punctulate. Chatham, Lindsay, Perth, Tabusintac. Pronotum with sides slightly sinuous with Rortbwest Territories: Simpson. Nova apical two-thirds moderately arcuate and Scotia: Amherst, Mt. Uniacke, Newport, basal one-third subparallel; anterior angles Truro, Waverley. Ontario: 52 mi. S. feebly produced, truncation slightly less Armstrong, Arnprior, Bell's Corners, than length of second antennal segment. Blackburn, Clifford, Constance Bay, Ante-basal transverse groove deep, strongly Georgetown, Gold Rock Rainy R. Dist., Gull pronounced. Major punctures of pronotal R.Falls Mindan, 42 mi. N. Black Sturgeon disc moderately dense, irregularly Lake, 56 mi. N. Hurkett, Ignace, Frater and disttibutedi size moderate to coarse, the Noisy Bay and Old Women 8ay in Lake Superior latter close or equal to size of basal Provo pk., in Marmora, Merivale, Moose Creek serial punctures of elyttai punctures in 10 mi. S. Sioux Lookout, Moose Factory, interspaces minute, much smaller than maj or Osgoode, Ottawa, 25 and 27 mi. S. Pickle punctures. Elytron at declivity evenly Lake. Pt. Pelee, 5 mi. Nand 16 mi S. Savant rounded; disc in basal one-half almost Lake, 9 mL E. Terrace Bay, Terra Cotta, evenly con,,·ex. Lateral margins of elytra Thunder Bay Mt. McKay, 1600 ft. Quebec: narrow in dorsal view, visible for entire Anc. Lorette, Brome, Carman Lake, Duchesnay, length. Elytral striae strongly, distinctly Duparquet, Gaspe, 25 mi. W. Gaspe, Knowlton, punctate from base to apex. Metasternum Megantlc, Montreal, Mt. Albert north base medially sparsely, inconspicuously setose 650 ft., Mt. Jacques Cartier 4000 to 4150 except glabrous near midline in posterior ft., Rimouski, St. Alexandre. two-thirds. First abdominal sternum Saskatchewan: Assiniboia, Val Marie. UNlTgO lo~g medially with consPicuouSj moderatel; STATES: Colorado: Steamboat Springs. Connecticut: Hartford. Maine. Bar Harbor, Lebson, Monmouth, Mt. Katahdin 5215 ft. , Paris, Weld. Massachusetts: Charlemont, Dracut, Florida, Holyoke, Little Deer R. , Median lobe of genitalia (Fig. 28) 0.8 No. Adams, Springfield. Michigan: Detroit, mm long, evenly arcuate except slightly }irn. Mtn. Club, Marque t te , Por t Sanillac, recurved at apex; in dorsal view, slightly Sanford. Montana: Gallatin Co., Kalis:ell. broadened apically in apical two-thirds; tip New Baapshire: Mt. Washington 5000 5700 broadly rounded. Ventral side without ft., Rumney, White Mts. 1500 ft. New York: COnSpf cuous sculpture except for a shallow Buffalo, Croton Falls, Crown Pt. , 178 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. 3, October I986
Gainesville, Great Kills S. I., Heart Lake almost evenly convex in the basal one-half Essex Co., Ithaca, Lancaster, Long Eddy, as 1n the holotype to very gently depressed Mt. MacIntyre, Mt. Marcy, Mt. Whiteface, behind the basal one-quarter. Male Napeagne I..L., Olcott, Peru. Portage, Sltde genitalia range from 0.7 to 0.9 mm in Mt. Ulster Co., Underwood, Up. Saranac, length. In dorsal view, the median lobe Whitehall. Oregon: Rood River. varies from slightly broadened apically to Pennsylvania: McKean Co.. Pocono Lake. slightly narrowed with the tl p broadl y to South Dakota: Englewood, Pierre. Seechee slightly narrowly rounded. [n females, Hollow. Spearfish. Sturgis. 2 mi. S. Sylvan spermathecae range from 0.17 to 0.22 mm fn L. Black Hills. Utah. Fillmore. length alld are similar to Fig. 48. Wisconsin: Bayfld. (Bayfield). Wyoaing: REMARKS. Tbe characters given In the Jem!ing lik. Gr. 'Fetons. (see Uap 12). diagnosis should separate thIs specIes from Paratypes are deposited in the follOWing all other North American species. Femal es collections: CAS. CNC, CSCA, CU, FMNH, of popul1vora may be confused with IWIC, 1102, OSU, RHP, SDSU, UA, USNM. similarly-coloured females of vaga. They VARIATION. Males range from 2.2 to 3. '3 mm can usually be separated from this species in length and from 1.1 to 1.7 mm in greatest or the slightly broader and more convex width. Females range from 2.4 to 3.5 mm in body, the elytra occasionally slightly length and from t. 2 to 1.8 nun in greatest bulging at the declivities and the generally lJidth. In both sexes, length ranges from slightly narrower elytral margins. The slightly less than twice the width to equal shape of the spermatheca (Fig. 48) will twice the width, rarely slightly greater. easily separate populivora from va2a. There is very little lI'artattoll ill colour in Although differ illg ill some iIJlpor tant most of the type series. The colour of the characters given in the diagnosis, pronotum and elytra normally 'laries from pepulivora seems to be most closely related dark purple with greenish margins to black, to bella and aereola. All three species occasionally witR greenish reflections. The have a similar pattern of pubescence on the head has the vertex similar in colour to the first abdominal sternum in males, similarly pronotum and elytra or dark green. shaped male genitalia and generally similar Geographical variation in colour is spermathecae. exhibited by 12 paratypes from the lower ~raser V~lel of British Columbia. These 13. Crepidodera bella new species ave the ea, pronotum and elytra dark blue Figs. 2, 5, 6, 29, 49; Map 13. to bl ue-green or dark green In the whole serIes, hInd femora range from entirely DIAGNOSIS: Dorsal surface coppery-bronze rufotestaceous to partiall y or entirely dark bronze or black, shape elvng;te-oval; piceous. The sides of the pronotum are vertex of head strongly, distinctly punctate generally slightly S10uous as in the at anterior edge of prollotum, elytral holotype and allotype with the apical declivity evenly rounded; elytral disc with two-thirds ranging from feebly to moderately a distinct depression behind basal arcuate. A few specimens have the sides one-quarter; lateral margins of elytra evenly. moderately arcuate. rhe truDeation moderately broad, visible for their entire of the anterior pronotal angles ranges from J ength; males ~~ith pubescence of first slightly less than to equal tne length of abdomInal sternum longer and more the second antennal segment. The major coospi CUOHS than in females and uniformly punctation of the prouotal disc ranges from dense, not forming a brush. sparse to dense. Size of the maj or MALE. Holotype' I,ength 2.5 _. greatest punctures 'lar ies among specltaens, some width 1.2 mm. Shape (FIg. 5) elongate-oval; having them all of moderate size, others length slightly greater than twice the with them moderate to coarse or all somewhat width. Dorsum shining. metallic; head, coarse, and rarely with them fine to pronotum and elytra dark coppery-bronze; moderate. The punctures of the interspaces scutellum black. Antennae and legs of the pronotal disc rufotestaceous. Ventral snrface shining range in size from minute to about one-half black with greenish reflections in the diameter OG the smaller major posterl1um. metasternum and first abdomi na I punctures. In females, the declivity of the sternum. elytron ranges from euenly rounded to slightly bulging laterally as in the a I Iotype, wi th the bulge ouerhanging and hiding part of the lateral elytral margin in dorsal ITt eWe The e Iytra 1 dhc ranges from arcuate and basal one third subparallel, Vol. I, no. 3, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 179
anterior angles feebly produced, truncation colour of the head, pronotum and elytra slightly less than length of second antennal ranges from coppery-bronze to dark bronze or segment. Ante-basal transverse groove deep, black. In the head, the clypeus and genae strongly pronounced. Major punctures of are occasionally greenish. Ihe sides of tbe pronotal disc dense, irregularly pronotum are generally slightly sinuous with distributed; size moderately coarse, close the apical two-thirds ranging from feebly to or equal to size of basal serial punctures moderately arcuate. In a few specimens, the of elytra; punctures in interspaces fine, sides are evenly, moderately arcuate. The much smaller than major punctures. Elytron anterior pronotal angles have the truncation at decli7ity evenly rounded; disc strongly, slightly less than to equal to the length of distinctly depressed behind basal the second antennal segment. The major one quarter. Lateral margins of elytra punctat ion of the pronotal disc is generally moderately broad in dorsal view, visible for somewhat coarse, the size of the major entire length. Elytral striae strongly, punctures ranging from modeL ate to coar se distinctly punctat@ from base to apex. with the latter about equal to the size of Metasternum medially somewhat closely, the basal serial punctures of the elytra. conspicuously setose except glabrous near Punctures in the pronotal interspaces range midline in posterior two-thirds. First in size from minute to about one-half the abdominal sternum medially with conspicuous, diameter of the major punctures. moderately-long, erect setae very closely, In females, spermathecae range from I1n! fonnl y pI aced, not form! ng a brl1sh. 0.15 to 0.16 rom in length and are similar to Middle and hindtrochanters each with a Fig. 49. rather loose, inconspicuous posterior REMARKS. Although distinctly different in marginal brush of setae. some characters, bella appears to be most Median lobe of genitalia (Fig. 29) 0.7 closely related to aereola and populivora. mm long, evenly arcuate from base to apex; All three s~ecies are very similar in the in dorsal vi ew, s1 ightl y broadened apically pattern of pubescence on the first abdominal in apical two-thirds; tip sternum in males, the shape of the male rounded. Ventral slde smooth, wlthout genitalia, and in the general shape of the sculpture. spermatheca. FEMALE. Allotype: Length 2.8 mm, greatest width 1.4 ram. Similar to male except for 14. Crepidodera aereola (LeConte) new sexual dirrerences at apex of abdomen setae combination of metasterntnn and first abdominal sternum Figs. 3, 7, 30, 50; Map 14. shorter, slightly sparser, and less conspicuous; and the following non-sexual Baltica aereola LeConte 1857, p. 68 (type difference: anterior pronotal angles with locality, San Francisco, California). tLuncation equal to length of second Crepldodera helxiDes (L )j Crotch antennal segment. (misidentification) 1873, p. 71 (in part); TYPE MATERIAL. Ilolotype. Male, Copeland, Hamilton 1889, p. 149; Aorn 1889, p. 316; Florida, June 28, 1963, D.G. Kissinger, on Hamilton 1894, p. 399; Duckett 1920, p. 149. Salix (eNe No. 15401). Allotype. Female, Chalcoides he biDes (I..); Be II er and Aa t cb same data as holotype (CNC No. 15401). Both 1932,p. 128, 129 (in part). holotype and allotype are in the Canadian Cbalcoldes fulvlcomls (Fabr.); Heikertinger National Collection, Ottawa. and Csiki (misidentification) 1939, p. 320 Paratypes: 39 specimens. UNITED (tn part). STATES: Alabama: Spring Hill. Florida: ?Cbalcoldes fulvlcomls nana ( Say) ; A.rc ad i a, Copel and, El fe rs , Ft • Ogden, ltetkerttnger 1~48-1l)50, p. 110 (fig.), lIS, Homestead, Royal Palm Park, Oviedo, Paradise 136-137 (in part); Lazorko 1974, p. 148 Key, Starke. Louisiana: Mansura, (fig.), 152. ~allJ~"'h. s;.uth Carolina' Yem:ssee. (see DIAGNOSIS. Anterior pr onotal angles ap j). aratypes are deposlted In the strongly produced, outer corners acutely ~;~ o;~~~. colI ect ions· CNC, CIl, RARC, WCI, pointed; pronotum with dense, irregularly distributed, very coarse punctation (Figs. VARIATION. Size of the mal es ranges from 7, 3); males with the median pubescence of 2.2 to 2.5 mm in length and from 1.1 to 1.2 the first abdominal sternum longer and more mm in greatest width. Females range from conspicuous than in females, pubescence 2.3 to 2.9 mm in length and from 1.1 to 1.4 uniformly dense, not forming a brush. mm in greatest width. In both sexes, length TYPE MATERIAL. Lectotype, designated here: ranges from equal to twice the width to Female, with a circular gold label which slightly greater than twice the width. The denotes California, a red label "type 8258" 180 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. t, no. 3, October 1986 and the following labels: "A. (C.) year ~iven on the specimen label of the aereola Lee. S. Fr."/"Lectotype holoty e is 1949. ~. Crepi.dodera aereola (Lee.). R.H. Parry, MATERIAL EXAMINED: 478 specimens. CANADA: 1976". This specimen is in the LeConte British Columbia, Uallitoba, Ontado. UNITED Collection, Museum of Comparative Zoology, STATES: Colorado, Idah~~ Illinois, Indiana, Aarvard I1niversi ty. The lectotype is Iowa, Kansas, Michiga, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin. (see Map 15). Specimens are deposited in the following collectlolls. LeConte Collection contains two females CAS, CNC, CU, FMNH, HARC, MCZ, OSU, SDSU, labelled "Cal." and a male with no 1abel. JIBC, IlSNM. These are similar to the lectotype but are REMARKS. The variation in the colour of the probably not part of the type series. dorsal surface in this species is e'lident MATERIAL EXAMINED: 474 specimens. UNITED within series of specimens from single STATES. California: Nevada, Oregon, Utah. localiti es as we 11 as among specimens from Washington, Wyoming. (see Map 14). different localities. The majority of Specimens are deposited in the following specimens are bright green wi th those from collections: CAS, CSCA, CU, FMNH. MCZ, OSU, British Columbia, Washington and Oregon USNM. tending to be blue-green. REMARKS. Although easily distinguished by There is some variation in the some of the characters gillen in the punctation of the pronotum. The size of the diagnosis, aereola appears to be most maj or pronotal punctures ranges among closely related to bella and populivora in specimens from uniformly moderate, smaller having a similar pattern of pubescence on than the ba::; :,erial punc~t1r~s oE t~e the first abdominal sternum in males, elytra to un rm y coarse. a OU equal 0 similar male genitalia, and a generally the size of the basal serial p~nc~~res. similar spermatheca. The size also ranges from moderateoarse within individual specimens. In some males, 15. Crepldodera sculpturata (Lazorko) the tip of the median lobe is not as ~~w ~~mb~~at~~n sUongly br oadened as in Fig. 31. Figs. 4"" ; Map 15. The external characters given in the diagnosis ~ill separate sculpturaLa from all the other North American species except, possibly, nana and opulenta. It can usually res on, r tish 0 um a). be distinguished from nana by the slightly DIAGNOSIS: Dorsal surface bright green, narrower elytral margins and from both blue-green, brassy-green or coppery-green; species by the pronotum appearing slightly shape elongate: major pronotal punctures more con'lex or swollen anteriorly. Males moderate to coarse in size; elytral can usually be separated from those declivity evenly rounded; lateral margins of of opulenta by the lack of a distinct brush elytra narrow in dorsal view, visible for in the pubescence of the first abdominal their entire length; males with median sternnm. Western specimens of nana and some pubescence of first abdominal sternum specimens of opulenta are very similar in longer, denser and more conspicuous than in appearance to scUlpturata and it is often females, not forming a brush; median lobe of di EHcu] t to separate them. However, the male genitalia evenly arcuate in lateral shape of the male genitalia (Fig. 31) and view. female spermatbeca (Fig. 51) will readily TYPE MATERIAL. llolotype: ~fale, Creston, distinguish sculpturata from these and all British Columbia, May 29, 1949, host Salix other species. exigua. G. Stace Smith (University of British Columbia Coll.). Allotype: Female, 16. Crepidodera nana (Say) Creston, British Columbia, June 13, 1952, Figs. 32, 52; Map 16. ex Salix exigua. C. Stace Smith (University of British Columbia ColI.). Paratypes, 6 Altica nana Say 1824, p. 86 (type locality, males, 8 females, Creston, British Columbia, United States). G. Stace Smith (University of British Baltica nana (Say); Melsheimer 1847, p. 165. Columbia CoH.). Raltica helxines (L.); LeConte Only the holotype and allotype were (misidentification) 1858, p. 87 examined. I.azorko (1974) gbres the date of (var. Dana Say). collection of the holotype as "29 May Crepidodera belxines (L.); Crotch 1959. this is sl1ghtly in error as the (misidentification) 1873, p. 71 (in part); Vol. I, no. ~, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 181
LeConte 1874, p. 271: Hamilton 1889, p. 149: species as being nana (Say), as Heikertinger Horn 188', p. 316; Haml1ton 1894, p. 399; fitst suggested in 1911, and to designate a Duckett 1920, p. 149. neotype. ctudcoides fulvicornis nana (Say); The neotype is 2.8 mm long and 1.3 1DtD Heikertinger 1911, p. 9 (fig.), 10, 19: in greatest width: it has the head, pronotum 1924 1925, p. 67: Heikettinger and Csiki and elytra brassy gteen in colour, the 1939, p. 320. antennae and legs entirely rufotestaceous, Cbaleoides belxines (L.); Leng the major pronotal punctures ,noderately (misidentification) 1920, p. 300 (in part): dense and moderate to coarse in size, the Beller and Hatch 1932, p. 128, 129. lateral elytral margins moderately broad in Cbalcoides chittendeni Heikertinger dorsal view, the first abdominal sternum 1948-1950, p. 110 (fig.), 116, 136 (type medially with a conspicuous well defined locality, "Kahokia", Illinois): "Lazorko apical brush of setae, the median lobe of 1974, p. 146, 148 (fig.), 151, 153. NE\1 the genitalia tapered apically except SYNONYMY. slightly broadened at the apex in dorsal Ch81coides nana (Say): Wilcox 1954, p. 455: view, and the tip of the median lobe Dillon and Dillon 1961, p. 712. sllbtrllncate. CrepldOdera nana (Say): Hatch 1971, p. 219: MATERIAL EXAMINED: About 2000 specimens. Balsbaugb and Hays 1972, p. 156. CANADA: Alberta' Cal gary, Edmonton, DIAGNOSIS: Dorsal surface generally green Kimball, Lethbridge, Magrath, McMurray, or greenisb with brassy, bronze, coppery or Medi~ine Hat, Hi lk R., Oldman Riner blue tones, occasionally coppery-red, "Lethbridge, Onefour, Scandia, Waterton. coppery-bronze to dark bronze, rare I y pure British Ooluabia: Lum and Abner 58°N Alaska blue: shape elongate-oval: anterior pronotal Hwy., Creston, Hatzic, Kamloops, Mission angles feebly produced; maj or pronota I City. Similkameen R. 7 mi. S. Cawston. punctures moderate to coarse in size: Manitoba: Carberry, Glenboro, Herchmer, The elyttal declivity evenly rounded; elytral Pas. New Brunswiek. Bathurst, Oakville. disc at most only very feebly depressed Northwest Territories: Fort "Liard, Fort behind basal one-quattet, lateral margins of Simpson, Norman Wells. Ontatio: Ancastet, elytra, in dorsal view, moderately broad in Delhi, Eden, Moose Factory. Moosonee, eastern specimens, generally nattowet in Walsingham. Quebec: Cascapedia, Gaspe, western specimens: males with median South Bolton. Saskatchewan: Battle River, pubescence of first abdominal sternum longet Elbow, Esterhazy, Pennant, Saskatchewan and more conspicuous than in females, denser "Landing, Saskatoon. UNITED STATES: apically forming a distinct, well defined ColQrado: nr. Cameo, Denver, 2 mi. w. brush in eastern specimens, a Granby, Ladore Canyon 5000 6000 ft. poorly-developed or obsolete brush in Connecticut: CornwalL District of western specimens; median lobe of male Coluabia: Anacostia, Rock Creek Pk., genitalia not arcuate but straight in apical Washington, Woodridge. Georgia: Peach Co. two-tbirds in lateral \7iew. Illinois: Cairo, Chandletville, Gtand Towet TYPE MATERIAL. Neotype: Here designated, Union Co. (? Jackson Co.), "LaSalle Co., St. Male, witb tbe labels "Knox\7ille, Tenn, Clair Co. Indiana: Leavenworth, New V-20-1957, w.J. Brown"/'on Sal1x· /"Neotype, Harmony. Iowa: Clinton, DeWitt, Iowa Cit;: if, Crepidodera nana (Say), R.B. Parry". Keokuk, Huscatine, Solon. Kansa • This specimen is in the Canadian National "Lawrence, McPherson, Medora, Topeka. Collection. Ottawa. Kentuclty: Morehead. Louisiana: Hansura, The original type material of this Shreveport. Maine: Ft. Kent. Maryland: species has been lost. Because Say's (1824) Baltimore. Beltsville, Bladensburg, Cabin original description could apply to several John, Chevy Chase, College Park, Glen Echo, of the North American species, there had Kensington. Massachusetts: Attleboro, been much confusion in the identity of Boston Arnold Arboretum, Sherborn. nana (Say). Reikertinger (1911) illustrated Mississippi: Meridian. Missouri: Scott the distinctive male genitalia of the Co •• 2 mi. E. Sikeston, 2 mi. W. St. Louis. species described above and referred this MOntana: Gallatin Co. 4800 ft. Nebraska: form to nana (Say) but considered it a Omaha Child's Point, Waterloo. New ~ersey: subspecies of the European species Clementon, Colonia, Dundee L., Elizabeth, fulvicornis (Fab.). He later (1948-1950) Kingston, ].ake Hopatcong, Ocean Co •• recognized this North American form as a new Riverton. New Mexico: Jemez Mts., Mesilla species which he desctibed as Cbaleoides Prk. New York: 8l1ffalo, Cbenango Co, chittendeni. In order to end all previous Great Kills S.I., Ithaca, "Lancaster, New confusion, it seems best to considet this rork Van Cortland Pk. North CArolina: 182 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. 3, October 1986
Abbotsburg, Anson Co., Franklin 2000 ft., the central United States, from Illinois to Highlands 3800 ft., Raleigh, Ricl:tmond Co., Nebraska and south to Louisiana, Texas and Southern Pines, Wayah Gap. North Dakota: New Mexico, specimens are generally dark 13 mi. W. Medora, Heart Butte Dam Grant Co. coppery or coppery-bronze to dark bronze or Ohio: Ashtabula, Ashville Pickaway Co., dark purple, occasionally bronze-green and Buckeye Lake J,fckfng Co., Cedar Swp. , rare I y cupreo-aeneous. Specimens from Clinton Co., Columhus, Delaware Co., southwestern Texas (El Paso, Presidio) and a Ironton, Marion Co. Oaklahoma: Norman, few from New MexIco tend to be more Oklahoma Co. Oregon: Corvallis, Hood greenish, ranging from cupreo-aeneous to River. Pennsylvania: Allegheny Co., Castle pure green. A large species from Rock, Easton, Glenolden, Harrisburg, Kennett south-central Texas (Kerrville) containing Sq., Lancaster, Philadelphia, Phlla. NeCK, mainly coppery-bronze to dark Reading, W. Park, Wissinoming, Wyoming bronzespecimens, includes also a few dark Philadelphia. South Carolina: Aiken, blue or blue-green individuals. these occur Calhoun Falls, Clemson Honeycut Creek Seneca with a frequency of about 11%. Tbe River, Greenwood Co., Newry Oconee Co. 900 coppery-bronze or dark bronze colour variant ft. Yemassee Rt. 17 bridge. South Dakota: also extends illto southern Manitoba, South Badlands Interior, Beresford, Cedar Canyon, Dakota and Colorado. Chamberlain, Elk Point, Fort Pierre, Ft. There is some geographical variation in Thompson, Highmore, Newell, Philip, Pierre, the punctation of the pronotum. Specimens Spearfish, Springfield, Tabor Grainery, £rUIn western Canada and northwestern United Union Co. State Park, Vermillion, Yankton. States generally have the maj or punctures Tennessee: Knoxville, Oak Ridge A.E.C. denser and bo th maj or alld minor punctures Area, Rhea Co. Texas: Austin, Brownsville, slightly coarser than in specimens from Burnet Co., Cameron Co., Dallas, Devils eastern Canada and United States and Riv., El Paso, Gillespie Co., Kerrville, midwestern and southern United States. The Presidio, Val Verde Co., Victoria, Welder width of the elytral margins also ?arles Wildlife Ref. nr. Sinton San Patricio Co. geographically. The green or blue-green Virginia: ? Alex. Co., Arlington, Bull Run, eastern specimens have the margins Fairfax Co., Fredericksburg, Glencarlyn, moderately broad in dorsal dew. In all Penington Gap, Potmac Cr., Rosslyn, Stone other populations, the lateral elytral Cr. Lee Co. West Virginia: East Panhandle, margins are generally narrower, only Fairmont, W. Sulphur. Wyoll1ng: Pine occasionally moderately broad. A similar Bluff. (see Map 16). geographical pattern of "ariation occurs in REMARKS. This species exhibits considerable the pubescence of the first abdominal variation. The colour of the dorsum varies sternum in males. In eastern populations greatly, both geographically and within many (as defined above), males have the. setae of local populations. III eastern populations the first abdominal sternlW denser apically, ranging from New Brunswick, southern Quebec usually forming a distinct, well-defined and southerll Ontario to Georgia, Indiana and brush. In males of populations In nortbern Mississippi, the head, pronotum and elytra and western Canada and in the central and are generally pure green to blue greell and western United States, the brush of setae occasionally brassy-green or pure blue. In ranges from poorly-developed to obsolete. greenish specimens, the pronotal and e1ytra1 The external characters given in the margins are often bluish. A series of diagnosis should separate nana from all the specimens from Gaspe, Quebec ranges from other species except vaga. decora. luainosa. coppery-green or cupreo-aeneous to opulenta and, possibly, solita and coppery-red with greenish margins. seulpturata. Hales and females of mlna can Similarly, specimens from northern Ontario, be distinguished from some of these species Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta are by characters given in their respective brassy-green, coppery-green or diagnoses but are most easily separated by cupreo-aeneous to pure coppery or the distinctive male genitalia (Fig. 32) and coppery-red in colour, rarely pure green. female spermatheca (Fig. 52). This range of colour variation also occurs southward in Montana, Wyoming, South Dakota Iaeertae Sedia and Colorado. Specimens from western Northwest Territories, British Columbia and Crepicloclera bieolor Boheman 1859 Oregon have the dorsum generally Crepidodera pOberella Boheman 1859 brassy-green, coppery-green or Crepidodera sutureIIa Boheman 1859 cupreo-aeneous, occasionally pure green but Crepidodera vafra Boheman 1859 rarely pure coppery. In populations from In 1859, Boheman described as Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI
Crepidodera a number of species taken during (MCZ), Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., the 1851-1853 voyage of the Swedish frigate T F. Lawrence; Ohio State University (05U), "Eugenie". These included C. vafra from Columbus, Ohio, C.A. Triplehorn; South "ea Ii forni a (St Frand sco)" , Dakota State University (SDSU), Brookings, C. suturella from "California (St. S.D., E.U. Balsbaugh Jr.; University of Frand sco), Insu) a puna", c. hicolor from AI herra (IIA) , Edmonton, A.lta., G.E. Ball; "California CSt. Francisco), Taiti", and C. Universi ty of British Collllllbta (USC), pUberula from "Montevl.deo. Call.fornl.a, vancouver, Ii.G., G.G.E. Scudder; United Insulae Puna, Taiti et Oahu". These names States National Museum (TISNM) , Washington, were apparently not noticed and not referred D.C., R.E. White. to by North American authors until lRRQ when The abbreviations in parentheses in the flam pointed them out and made the following above list are those used in the text when comment: citing material examined. The localities of the Eugenies Resa The scanning electron microscope material are notoriously badly mixed, pictures were taken by Mr. L.E.C. Ling, and no reliance can be placed upon Department of Biology, Carleton University. them. As I ha\1e been unable to He also provided much assistance in identify them, notwithstanding all preparing the illustrations. I also thank the collecting that has been done in Miss J. Read and Mr. A. Davies for helping Cal ifornia I think it best to omit with the distribution maps. Finally, I them from our lists. thank Dr. II.F. Howden for pro\1iding, through Confusion in the labelling of some of his NRC operating grant, the funds required the "EugetlleS Res a" spec imens was al so for this study. reported by Smith and Lawrence (1967) who found, for example, that t,,,o species of REFERENCES Diabrotica listed by Boheman (1859) as from "Cali farni a (St Franc' seo)" are actually Ecuadorian forms. They also pointed out l;s Ga1erucites Anisopodes (Latr.) ou that "Insulae Puna" and "Tal.tl." (Pal.tl.) are Description des Altises d'Europe et des locaiities in Ecuador. Bords de ] a Mer Mediterranee. AnnIs. I have not seen Boheman 's types but, Soc. ent. Fr. 8: 39-144. after careful examination of his 1866a. Monographie des A1 ticides descriptions, I am very doubtful that his Trlbu de la Famille des Phytophages. species belong in the genus Crepidodera. in Monographie des Ge1erucides Since the distributions given for some of d'Europe, du Nord de l'Afrique et de these spec ies are unusual, it L5 also l'Asle. Abeille. Paris 3. 169-508. possible that specimens were mislabelled. Allen, A.A. 1972. A note on food plants in Therefore, it is probably best to regard the genus Cbalcoides (Col. these spedes, supposedly from Cal i fornia, Chrysomelidae). EntOlllologist' s .on. as "incertae sedis". Mag. 108 (1301 1303). 213. Anderson, L.C. and H.G. Walker. 1934. The ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS life history and control of the potato flea beetle, Epitrix cucuaeris Harris, Specimens were borrowed from several on the eastern shore of Virginia. J. museums in Canada and the United States. econ. Ent. 27: 102-106. Tbese institutions and the indiuiduals Balduf, W.V. 1926. The Acalypha flea responsible for making the loans are beetle (Crepidodera atriventris grateful I y thanked. They are as £0 I) ows· Melsh.). J. eCOD. EDt. 19: 624-632. California Academy of Sciences (CAS), San Balsbaugh, E.U. Jr. and K.L. Hays. 1972. Francisco, Calif., D.H. Kavanaugh; Canadian The leaf beetles of Alabama (Coleoptera National Collection (CNC) , Biosystematics • Chrysomelidae) Auburn Univ. agric. Research Institute, Ottawa, unt., D.E. Exp. Stat BUll. 441: 1-223. Bright Jr.; California State Collect ion of Bedel, L. 1889-1901. Faune des Coleopteres Arthropods (CSCA) , State of California du Bassin de la Seine. vol. 5. Department of Food and Agriculture, Socilitli Entomologfque de France, Sacramento, Calif., T.N. Seeno; Cornell Paris. 423 pp. University (CU), Ithaca, New York, L.L. Beller, s. and M.H. Hatch. 1932. Pechuman; Field Museum of Natural History Coleoptera of Washington: (FUNl:1) , Chicago, 111., R.L. Wenzel; H. and Chrysome11dae. Uuiy. wash. Pubs A. Howden Collection (HAHC) , Ottawa, Ont., BioI. 1 (2): 65-144. R.F. Howden; ~{useum of Comparathe Zoology Blatchley, W.S. 1910. An illustrated INSECTA MUNDI Vol. 1, no• .3, October 1986
descriptive catalogue of the Coleoptera Korea. Part 2. Pacif. Insects or beetles known to occur in Indiana. Monogr. IBI 301 1026. Indiana Dept. Geol. Rat. Res. Bull. I, Hamilton, J. 1889. Cata1o~ue of the 1386 pp. Coleoptera common to Nor h koerica, Boheman, C.H. 1859. Coleoptera. Species Northern Asia and Europe, with the novas descri psi t. In Kongli ga s\Tenska distribution and bibliography. fregatten Ellgenies resa omkrfng TranS.... eat. Soc. 16: 88-162. Jorden. Zoologi I. Insecta. 1~~4. Catalogue of the Coleoptera Stockholm. pp. 113-218. common to North America, Northern Asia Chagnon, G. et A. Robert. 1962. Principaux and Europe, with distribution and Co1eopteres de 1a Province de Qu~bec, bibliography. Trans.... EDt. Soc. 21: zeme ed.. Les Presses de 345-416. L'Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Harold, E. 1875. Beitrage zur Kenntniss Quebec. 440 pp. der Fauna von Neu-Granada. Halticillae Chapuis, F. 1875. in Lacordaire, Histohe (Entes Stuck.). Coleopt. Bette 14: naturelle des Insectes. Genera des 1-44. Coleopteres. Vol. 11. Paris. 220 pp. Hatch, M.H. 1924. A preliminary list of Chevrolat, M. 1837. in Dej ean, Catalogue the Coleoptera of the Cranberry Lake des Coleopteres de la collection de region, New York, exclusive of the M. le Comte Dejean. ed. 3. Chez Buprestidae, Cerambycidae and Ipidae. Mequignon-Marvis Pere et Fils, Paris. N.Y. State College of Forestry at 1844. in D'Orbigny, Charles, Syracuse Univ. Tech. Publ. No. 17 : Dictionnaire Universel D'Rlstoire 273 312. Naturelle. Tome Quatri~me. Paris. 1971. The beetles of the Pacific Chittenden, F.H. 1925. Chalcoides Northwest. Part V. University of fluvicornis Fab. JI. N.Y. eat. Soc. Washington Press, Seattle, Washington. 33 (2): 120. 662 pp., 60 pl. and H.O. Marsh. 1920. The western Heikertinger, F. 1911. Welche cabbage flea beetle. U.S. Dep. Agric. Halticinenarten gehoren Europa und Bull. 902. Nordamerika gemeinsam an? Verb. Crotch, G.R. 1873. Materials for the study zool.-bOt. Ges. Wlen 61: 1-20. of the Phytophaga of the United 1924-1925. Die Halticfnen-Genera States. Proc. Acad. Hat. Sci. der Palaearktis und Nearktis. Philad. 25: 19 83. Koleopt. Rdscb. I 1· 25-70, 16 fig •• Dillon, E.S. and L.S. Dillon. 1961. A 1925. Resultate funfzehnj ahriger manual of common beetles of eastern Ilntersuchungen uber dle North America. Row, Peterson and Nahrungspflanzen einheimischer Company, New York. VIII & 884 pp. Ralticlnen. Ent. 81. 8101. $yst. Douglass, J.R. 1929. Chrysomelidae of Kafer 21 (1): 10-19. Kansas. J. "Kans. EDt. Soc. 2 (1)· U48-1~50. Bestimmungstabelle der 2-15, 2 (2): 26-38. palaarktischen Arten der Crepidodera Duckett, A.B. 1970. Annotated list of Verwatldtschaft weitestetl SitlIles. Hal tidni. TIniv. Maryland agric. Exp. Koleopt. Rdsch. 31: 15-139, 47 fig•• Sta. BUll. 241: Ill-IS5. aIld E. Csiki. 1939. Chrysomelidae. Foudras, A.C.M.E. 1859 (1860a). in -----Halticinae I. Coleopterorum catalogus Mulsant, E. 1839-1863. Histoire auspicus et auxilio W. Junk, editus a naturelle des Coleopteres de France s. Schenkling, pars 166, 336 pp. II. Altls1des (Haltlclnae) von C. Henshaw, s. 1895. Third supplement to list Foudras. AnnIs. Soc. linn. Lyon of coleoptera of America, North of (n.s.) 6 (1859): 137-384, 7 (1860a): Mexico. American Entomological 17-128. Society, Philadelphia. 62 pp. 1860b. in Mu1sant, E. 1859-1860. Hincks, W.O. 1952. Notes on Histoire naturelle des Coleopteres de ~iorest~~ JayObSO; (co~. France. II. Altisides, par C. Foudras. Magnin, Blanchard et Cie, Paris. 384 pp. Horn, G.R. 1889. A synopsis of the Fowler, W.W. 1890. The Coleoptera of the Halt1c1n1 of boreal America. Trans. British Islands. Vol. 4. L. Reeve and Am. ent. Soc. 16: 163-320, pls. 5-7. Co., London. 411 pp., pl. 99 142. .Jacoby, H. 1885. Biologia Gressitt, J.t.. and S. Kimoto. 1963. The Centrali-Americana, Insecta, Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Coleoptera, Galerucldae, vol. 6, pt. 1: Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986 IN5ECTA MUNDI 18.5
337-408. (Chrysomelinae and Halticinae). Taylor 1891. Biologia Gentrali-Americana, and Francis. London. XIV & 442 pp. Insecta, Coleoptera, Supplement to (map) • Phytopnaga, vol. 6, pt. I, Supp!.: Melsheimer. F.E. 1847. Descriptions of new 233-312. species of Coleoptera of the United Jones, E.W. 1944. Biological studies of States. Proe. Aead. Rat. SCi. two potato flea beetles in eastern Phi1ad. 3: 158-181. Washington. J. ecoo. Eot. 37. 9 12. Mohr, K.M. 1966. in Freude, H., K.W. Harde Kuster, H.C. 1847-1848. Die Kafer and G.A. Lohse. 1966. Die Kafer Europa's. Hefts 1-28. Bauer and Hitteleuropas. Band. 9. Raspe, Nurnberg. Cerambycidae , Chrysomelidae. Goecke & Kutschera. F. 1860. Beitrage zur Kenntniss E~ers Verlag, Krefeld. 299 pp. der europaischen Halticinen. Wien. Redtenbacher. L. 1874. Fauna Austriaca. ent. MBehr. 4: 68-79. 112-121. Die Kafer. ed. 3. 11'01. 2. Wien. 571 129-143. & CUll pp. Lazorko. W. 1974. Descriptions of three Samuelson, G.A. 1973. Alticinae of Oceania new Chaleoldes Foudr. from Canada. with (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae). Pacif. a key to the known Nearctic species. Insects Monogr. 30: 1-165. (Chrysomeltdae Halticinae). Ent. Say. T. 1824. Descriptions of eoleopterous 81. 8io1. Syst. Kafer 70 (3): 146-154. insects collected in the late LeConte. J.L. 1857. Report upon insects expedition to the Rocky Mountains. collected on the survey. (Reports of performed by order of Mr. Calhoun. explorations and surll'eys for a railroad Secretary of War. under the command of route from the Mississippi River to the Major Long. J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pacific Ocean.) Uashington. (A Ph1lad. 4 (1): 83-99. preprint; the report was published in Schaeffer. C. 1924. On a few new and old 1860.) 72 pp. Chrysomel1dae • H. R.Y. Ent. Soc. 32· 1858. Description of new species of 138-145. Coleoptera. chiefly collected by the _____ 1932. Notes on some Halticinae with United States and Mexican Boundary descriptions of new species (Col. Commission. under Major W.H. Emory. Chrysomeltdae). Bull. Brooltlyn Ent. U.S.A•• Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Soc. 27: 239-245. Ph11ad. 10: 59-89. Seidlttz. G. 1875. Fauna Baltica. Die 1861. New species of Coleoptera Kafer der Ostseeprovinzen Russlands. inhabiting the PacifIc dIstrict of the Verlag der Oorpater United States. Proc. Acad. nat. SCi. Naturforscher-Gesellschaft. Dorpat. Phi1ad. 13: 338-359. XLII & 560 pp. 1874. in Austin E.P. 1874. Smith. R.F. and J.F. Lawrence. 1967. Catalogue of the Coleoptera of Mt. Clarification of the status of the type Washington. N.R. Proe. BostoD Soc. specimens of Diabroticites (Coleoptera, nat. Bist. 16: 265-276. Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae). Univ. Leesberg. A.F.A. 1881-1882. Bijdrage Tot Calif. Puhs Ea~. 45: 1 174. 4 pl. De Kennis der Inlandsche Halticiden. Stephens, J.F. 1839. A manual of British Tljdscbr. Eot. 24 (1881). 169-208. 25 Coleoptera or beetles. Longman. Ol'1lle (1882): 137-178. Brown. Green. and Longmans. London. Leng. C.W. 1920. Catalogue of the 443 pp. Coleoptera of America. north of Thomson. C.G. 1866. Skandinaviens Mexieo. Mount Vernon. N.Y. 470 pp. Go I eoptera. Synoptiskt Bearbetade. Loan. C.C. 1967a. Studies on the taxonomy Tom. 8. Lund. 409 & LXXV pp. and biology of the Euphorinae Westdal. P.li. and w. Romanow. 1972. (Hymenoptera : Braeonidae). I. Four Observations on the biology of the flea new Canadian species of Microctonus. beetle Phyllotreta cruciferae AnD. EDt. Soc. Aa. 60 (1): 230-235. ( Coleoptera Cbrysome] idae). _____ 1967b. Studies on the taxonomy and Manitoba Ent. 6: 35-45. biology of the Euphorinae (Hymenoptera· Wilcox, J .A. 1954. Leaf beetles of Ohio Braconidae). II. Host relations of (Chtysomeltdae Coleoptera). Bull. six Mfcroctool1s species. ADD. eat. Ohio bioI. Surv. 43 (voL 8, no. 3): Soc. Aa. 60 (1): 236-240. 353-506. Malllik. s. [926. rhe Fauna of British Indi.a. including Ceylon and Burma. Coleoptera. Chrysomelldae 186 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986
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5
Fig. 1. Crepidodera violacea Melsheimer. Male, head and pronotum. Fig. 2. C. bella n. sp. Male, head and pronotum. Fig. 3. C• • ereot. (LeConte). Male, head and pronotumj (A) Anterior pronatal angle. Fig. 4. C. aculpturata (Lazorko). Male, head and pronotum. Figs. S, 6. C. bella n. sp. 5. Hale, dorsal habitus; (B) Elytral depression. ~. Hale, dorsal lateral view of elytral depression. Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 187
Fig. 7. Crepidodera aereola (LeConte). Male, habitus view. Fig. 8. C. brovoi n. sp. Male, holotype. dorsal view of elytra. Fig. 9. C. beiltertingeri (Lazorko). Male, dorsal view of elytra. Fig. 10. C. luaino•• n. sp. Male, dorsal view of elytra. Figs. 11. 12. C. IICulpturata (Lazorko). 11. Male, ventral view. 12. Female, ventral view. 188 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. 3, October 1986
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18
Fig. 1J. Crepidodera digGa n. sp. Male, ventral view of tnetasternum. Fig. 14. c. • olit. n. sp. Male, ventral view of metasternum. Fig. 15. C. heikertingeri (Lazorko). Male, ventral view of metasternum. Fig. 16. C. digna n. sp. Female, ventral view of metasternum. Fig. 17. C. loulula Horn and Fig. 18. C• • iolacea Melsheimer. Hale genitalia, dorsal, left lateral, and ventral view of median lobe and tegmen. Vol. I, no. ), October I986 INSECTA MUNDI 189
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Fig. 19. Crepidodera spenderi (LazorKO); Fig. 20. C. solita n. sp.; Fig. 21. C. deGoran. sp.; Fig. 22. C. brovain. sp.; Fig. 23. C. 0l'ulenta(LeConte); Fig. 24. c. I.-inosa n. sp.; Male genitalia, dorsal, left lateral, and ventral view of median lobe and tegmen. 190 INSECTA MUNDI Vote I, no. 3, October 1986
/' - " ~d. " \ .. ./ 1~ .... ,/ """" ~ ~ ~ ~ /J ,. / .-.'r ...... "'" / ~ ...... ~ I ~I ...... , ...... " """" .r " ...... , ( /b/ ~ '--'P -- - V ,./1 #(::::~ .r..-.---.~ ...... ' ..... //.. " .. 0" • // '.'. .'. . :0././ 1\." ...... ' ~< ~.::~.. l\2···"':., ...:, ...... , ?~ ?R ... .. / ~ ) r ~, '-..- .. ./ '-. b.,J
~ ~ ~ ~ /T ~ / ~ /' #I ...... ~ • ~~~ ...... I ~- .... '--"""""'filii' "-- ~ ---~ ~ ...... - .. '. .. ' C. :.... :~tt' J.!..:.~q I .. . ., . ...,...... "\,...... , ,",...... :- . '..:-3 ""-"' &./ "-'- &.0--
r- - r " . __Jl~ \. "' \ .J.J,"") • ~ --...... ~ ~ .- " ...... "' ~ /' ~ .AI --...... , / __-"'/...1 --... ~ I ~ i... I .- ...... ".... \...... /"- - -- ~ l--~~~ ~ h .. (6...... \...... \4 .:.0' .. "., 4 ~ : :- .. ' :. ' . -- .. " . '--,...... :/ ,"- 29 ~.: .....;.;..;r"" 30 ~
Fig. 25. Crepidodera vaga n. sp.; Fig. 26. C. heikertiQgeri (Lazorko); Fig. 27. c. digna n. sp.; rig. 2lL c. populivora n. sp.; Fig. 29. C. bella n. sp., nolotype; Fig. 30. C. aereola (LeConte); Male genitalia, dorsal. left lateral. and ventral view of median lobe and tegmen. Vol. 1, no. " October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 191
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Flg. 31. Crep1.dodera 8culpturata (Lazorko); Fig. 32. C. nana (Say); Male genltalla, dorsal, left lateral, and ventral view of median lobe and tegmen. Figs. 33-36. C. helkertlngerl (Lazorko); thud lnstar larva. 33. Dorsal View of head. 34. Dorsal view of prothorax. 3~o Dorsal view of typical abdominal segment. 36. Dorsal view of anal plate (9th abdominal tergum). 192 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. 3, October 1986
~ /' ~ - -...... J /_~ v (~ ( \ E -_.I ~ j '\ ",.,. \ ---\ / "IT ) \ -# rih 0 \ I~ /I If( I vjV ... " \. ~') 37 \~/ 38 "-..'--.J.J 39 \./ 40 - -
51
Fig. 37. Crepidodera longula Born; fig. \8. G. violacea Melsheimer; Fig. 39. C. spenceri (Lazorko); Fig. 40. C. solita n. sp.; Fig. 41. C. decora n. sp.; Fig. 42. C. brownin. sp.; Fig. 43. C. opulenta (LeConte); Flg. 44. C. hJlalnosan. sp.; Fig. 45. C. vaga n. sp.; Fig. 46. C. heikertingeri (Lazorko); Fig 47 C digna n ::sp.; Fig. 48. C. populivora n. sp.; Fig. 49. C. bella n. sp.; Hg. 50. C. aereola(LeConte); Fig. 51. C. sculpturata(Lazorko); Fig. 52. C. nana(Say); Speclllathecae, lateral view. Vol. 1, no. 3, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 193
11'1 ~ 11'2 ~ " ... .YJ"Y l{.j r----..d)~'l.r ~ ..\.,j n~...... -..;.. v 'hoC:!! .... - ~ ~ ~ 1I '7 J1..~ " '" . ---~JIl! ...... __ " '...... '.~ lI.r'rt\jY--i~( ~ '~ ~.J . ~... '( \ J1 . ~ ~ '" ~ '" Distributions of: Map 1. Crepidodera longula Horn. Map 2. C. violacea Melsheimer. Map 3. C. spenderi (Lazorko). P1ap 4. C. solita n. sp. 194: INSECTA MUNDI Vol. I, no. 3, October I986 It. v~ IY ,i~;' .~ \.1. ?(4.,;jp ~ \/~ f\r,:'1!S: ~ \\ 'I/h '0. ~- _ : ..H ---l- "'" ¥Yl". .:lY_ : ~~ ~ 'i"~'. )J. '<.., ...... l~~T0>~rl·~·.·.··{ \V(~ ft~I0}·~··t \--\7:.·:: """". , oJ, '------, . '\. ..._.,.. ~'. -" v.·.....··· Distributions of' Map 5 Crepidoder. decor. n sp. Map 6. C. brovoi n. sp. Map 7. C. opulenta (LeConte). Map 8. C. lua1nosa n. sp. Vol. I, no. 3, October 1986 INSECTA MUNDI 195 liP 9 ~ IIP10 ~~ ~~-~-}~~~~~,,"~ ., "\ tra..,. l.. ~'-.. ' .~ ~ ~~/.. -' \..B~ '~do .s.1~ ~"', ~ • N:J' ~ ';\~ Jj'~-;J0 ~r ,~ ,~.~ r-I!~ ~ ['/ ""\"\ f'-. r4 ~a .. ,,' . ... --- . r", ~ j""'l (~'-::\ ?', '£. J *" ~ ;~ ;-",:-:-:-::, y:\, : j-I ,/~ ...... ': ,--. ",,: ..•.:f:.::' Distributions of: Map 9. Crepidodera vaga n. sp. Map 10. C. heikertingeri (Lazorko). Map 11. C. digaa n. sp. Map 12. C. populivora n. sp. 196 INSECTA iMDNDI Vol. 1, no. J, October 1986 ~ V~ ;V ,:!}: ~ UJ(JW.. \/k!-. :V ,:~ ( ~ ~ >J:.~ ___ : .Yo ~ '""" ;""",..... >&,_ : "'1.:1 oq: "Vii" OTt' \'~j '( - <> '"il",""",- -..;:: -~ II' 13 ~ II' 14 ~,"'() ~~ (~, "\f _. "1 ~ .J't~ ;;{'~ ~~,"\f ...... -.r( ~ " .. , =(1"«_ v--= "\.:, .. =11"<...... '-= ~:{..~J-~~l '---'1. c.. u..,:~ ,,:~~\_~: '-~\i. 0f~ -._",... \...... 11., " '. ""'V ""'3' -.~ , , Ii -.J~', -r:c., >-."\. (ffl').. .Vf Distributions of: Map 13. Crepidodera bella n. sp. Map 14. C. aereola (LeConte). Map 15. c. sculpturata (tazorko). Map 16. c. naua (Say).