DOCSLIB.ORG

A GIS Approach to Landslide Hazard Management for the West Coast Region, New Zealand

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A GIS Approach to Landslide Hazard Management for the West Coast Region, New Zealand A GIS approach to landslide hazard management for the West Coast region, New Zealand. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Science in Hazard and Disaster Management at the University of Canterbury Kevin A. England University of Canterbury 2011 Abstract Landslides, in their various forms, are a common hazard in mountainous terrain, especially in seismically active areas and regions of high rainfall. The West Coast region of New Zealand is dissected by many active faults, experiences frequent earthquakes and in many locations annual rainfall exceeds ten meters. Consequently, landslides are widespread in the region and since European settlement began, have been responsible for 27 deaths, along with frequent damages to road and rail infrastructure, settlements and agricultural land. This study identifies areas that are susceptible to rainfall triggered landslides in the West Coast region. To achieve this, a landslide susceptibility map was produced using bivariate statistics and the analytical hierarchy process. It has an accuracy that predicts 80% of all the landslides in the top 40% of the susceptibility scores on the map. As part of this process, 3221 rainfall triggered landslides and 522 earthquake (or other trigger) triggered landslides have been mapped and digitised into a Geographic Information System. In parallel with this, a descriptive historical catalogue of 1987 landslides has been compiled from the available sources. These new tools provide decision‐makers with an enhanced means of managing landslide hazards in the West Coast region. In order to avoid misinterpretation the study has been carried out in compliance with the “Guidelines for landslide susceptibility, hazard and risk zoning for land use planning”, which was published in 2008 by the Joint Technical Committee on Landslides and Engineered Slopes. The tools developed in this thesis represent a fundamental step in land‐use planning and set‐up of landslide hazard management in the West Coast region. i Table of contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................... i Table of contents ................................................................................................................ ii List of figures ..................................................................................................................... vi List of tables ..................................................................................................................... ix Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ x Chapter 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Context and background .................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Terminology ...................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Methodology .................................................................................................................... 7 1.4.1 Landslide susceptibility modelling ........................................................................ 7 1.4.2 Weights of evidence modelling and the analytical hierarchy process ................. 8 1.4.3 Testing and validation ......................................................................................... 10 1.5 Development of an historic landslide catalogue ............................................................ 10 1.6 Thesis structure .............................................................................................................. 11 Chapter 2. The study area ................................................................................................. 13 2.1 Geography and population ............................................................................................ 13 2.2 Climate ............................................................................................................................ 16 2.3 Geology ........................................................................................................................... 20 2.3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 20 2.3.2 Rocks west of the Alpine fault ............................................................................ 22 2.3.3 Rocks east of the Alpine fault ............................................................................. 26 ii 2.4 Earthquakes .................................................................................................................... 27 2.5 Landslides in the region .................................................................................................. 27 2.6 Summary ........................................................................................................................ 33 Chapter 3. Data collection ................................................................................................ 35 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 35 3.2 Landslide inventory map ................................................................................................ 36 3.3 Thematic factor maps ..................................................................................................... 43 3.3.1 Geology ............................................................................................................... 44 3.3.2 Slope gradient ..................................................................................................... 45 3.3.3 Slope aspect ........................................................................................................ 45 3.3.4 Land cover ........................................................................................................... 45 3.3.5 Soil drainage ........................................................................................................ 47 3.3.6 Soil induration ..................................................................................................... 48 3.3.7 Proximity to faults ............................................................................................... 49 3.3.8 High intensity rainfall .......................................................................................... 49 3.4 Raster data preparation for weights of evidence modelling ......................................... 50 3.5 Limitations of the data layers ......................................................................................... 55 3.6 The historic landslide catalogue ..................................................................................... 56 Chapter 4. Methodology used for landslide susceptibility modelling ................................ 62 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 62 4.2 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 68 4.2.1 Bivariate statistics ............................................................................................... 68 4.2.2 Analytical hierarchy process ............................................................................... 70 4.2.3 Success rate testing ............................................................................................ 73 iii 4.2.4 Validation ............................................................................................................ 74 4.2.5 Assigning zones to the landslide susceptibility map ........................................... 76 4.3 Summary ........................................................................................................................ 78 Chapter 5. Results of the landslide susceptibility modelling ............................................. 79 5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 79 5.2 Calculation of total weights using bivariate statistics .................................................... 79 5.3 Calculation of layer weights using the AHP .................................................................... 84 5.4 Weighted sum process ................................................................................................... 87 5.5 Success rate testing ........................................................................................................ 88 5.6 Validation ....................................................................................................................... 90 5.7 Assigning susceptibility zones ........................................................................................ 92 5.8 Spatial characteristics of the landslide susceptibility zones .......................................... 93 5.9 Limitations ...................................................................................................................... 94 Chapter 6. From landslide hazard information to landslide
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 0 | Page a Comparison of Landslide Inventories Along the Shoreline Of
    A comparison of landslide inventories along the shoreline of Steamboat Island Peninsula, Thurston County, WA: office based protocol vs. field based protocol Dorothy M. Metcalf-Lindenburger A report prepared in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Earth and Space Sciences: Applied Geosciences University of Washington June, 2016 Project mentor: Daniel J. Miller Internship coordinator: Kathy G. Troost Reading committee: Alison Duvall Steven Walters MESSAGe Technical Report Number: 033 0 | Page ©Copyright 2016 Dorothy M. Metcalf-Lindenburger i | Page Executive Summary The mountain ranges and coastlines of Washington State have steep slopes, and they are susceptible to landslides triggered by intense rainstorms, rapid snow melts, earthquakes, and rivers and waves removing slope stability. Over a 30-year timespan (1984-2014 and includes State Route (SR) 530), a total of 28 deep-seated landslides caused 300 million dollars of damage and 45 deaths (DGER, 2015). During that same timeframe, ten storm events triggered shallow landslides and debris flows across the state, resulting in nine deaths (DGER, 2015). The loss of 43 people, due to the SR 530 complex reactivating and moving at a rate and distance unexpected to residents, highlighted the need for an inventory of the state’s landslides. With only 13% of the state mapped (Lombardo et al., 2015), the intention of this statewide inventory is to communicate hazards to citizens and decision makers. In order to compile an accurate and consistent landslide inventory, Washington needs to adopt a graphic information system (GIS) based mapping protocol. A mapping protocol provides consistency for measuring and recording information about landslides, including such information as the type of landslide, the material involved, and the size of the movement.
    [Show full text]
  • Landslide Susceptibility Report 2010 K England.Pdf
    A landslide susceptibility map and landslide catalogue for the West Coast region The user guide University of Canterbury, Department of Geological Sciences Kevin England Table of Contents Executive summary ................................................................................................................................ 1 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 2 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Terminology ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 3 2. The landslide susceptibility map........................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Success rate testing .................................................................................................................... 11 2.3 Assigning zones to the map ........................................................................................................ 12 2.4 Limitations of the landslide susceptibility
    [Show full text]
  • Stage 1: Review of Terrain Hazard Assessments and Mapping In
    BGC ENGINEERING INC. BGC AN APPLIED EARTH SCIENCES COMPANY OIL AND GAS COMMISSION STAGE 1 REVIEW OF TERRAIN HAZARD ASSESSMENTS AND MAPPING IN NORTHEAST BRITISH COLUMBIA FINAL REPORT PROJECT NO: 0452-001-05 DISTRIBUTION LIST: DATE: March 31, 2006 OGC – 1 COPY BGC – 2 COPIES BGC ENGINEERING INC. BGC AN APPLIED EARTH SCIENCES COMPANY 500 - 1045 Howe Street Vancouver, BC Canada V6Z 2A9 Telephone (604) 684-5900 Facsimile (604) 684-5909 March 31 2006 BGC Project Number: 0452-001-05 Mr. Peter McAuliffe Oil and Gas Commission Technical Services and Regulatory Affairs Branch PO Box 9331 Stn Prov Gov’t 5th Floor, 1675 Douglas St. Victoria, BC V8W 9N3 Dear Peter: Re: Stage 1 Review of Terrain Hazard Assessments and Mapping in Northeast British Columbia Please find attached a final copy of our above referenced report and map dated March 31, 2006. In addition to this report we are providing two binders of hardcopy technical references, drill hole logs from Duke Energy, and landslide reports from MoT. A CD containing contents of the online database, PDF reports, and ArcGIS files is enclosed in the back of the report. Instructions on how to access the draft versions of the online database and ArcIMS mapping application are found in Appendix II of the report. Should you have any questions or comments, please do not hesitate to contact me at the number listed above. Best regards, BGC ENGINEERING INC. per: Mark Leir, P.Eng. P.Geo., LEG Senior Geological Engineer N:\BGC\Projects\0452 OGC\001 NE Hazard Inventory\04 - Reporting\060331_0452-001 OGC Report.doc Page I BGC ENGINEERING INC.
    [Show full text]
  • Kitsap County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Kitsap County
    Kitsap County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Kitsap County City of Bainbridge Island City of Bremerton City of Port Orchard City of Poulsbo And the Agencies and Utilities that Support Hazard Mitigation Prepared by Kitsap County Department of Emergency Management 911 Carver St, Bremerton, Wa. Revision 2012 Kitsap County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Revision 2012 Revision prepared by: Kitsap County Department of Emergency Management 911 Carver St, Bremerton, Wa. 98312 Contact: Mike Gordon (360) 307-5871 Revision Plan Review Subcommittee Members: Ed Call Department of Emergency Management Al Duke City of Bremerton Janis Castle Holly Ridge Facility Tony Carroll Kitsap County Public Works Dave Colombini South Kitsap School District Bob Bowling Kitsap Mental Health The Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan update was funded through Kitsap County Department of Emergency Management. Agencies and jurisdictions who participated in this plan used their staff time and resources to make this update possible. The Kitsap County Emergency Management Council appreciates the effort and time devoted in this update. Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Record of Changes Change # Description Date Entered By Entered Revision Update to the 2005 Mitigation Plan to December MSG 2012 include the following changes: (refer 2012 to matrix of Changes for detailed changes Executive New additions for the plan are shown December MSG Summary as: (new in 2012); 2012 General grammar and statistical data updates as available and/or as noted or assumed made. Flooding hazard strategies significantly updated (section three) Participating cities, agencies and special purpose districts updated. Although plan format is consistent with the 2004 plan, changes have been instituted for simplicity and clarity.
    [Show full text]
  • 303514 1 En Bookbackmatter 199..216
    About the Book The book opens with an introduction of the basic data research in the past, soil surveying and mapping, our regarding Slovenia, its position within Europe, and division research institutes and enterprises, soils in our school sys- into the distinctive units that encompass all the country’s tem, and the most important recent projects, have been natural features. It continues with the factors impacting soil added. The last chapter provides a historical review of formation. That chapter reveals the general and soil-specific activities related to the collection, digitalization, and for- factors: the parent material, topography, climate, waters, mation of soil information. The information on the avail- vegetation, time, and the land use. The fourth chapter on the ability of the soil information on Slovenia should prove to be classification of Slovenian soils briefly describes the diag- a valuable conclusion to the book. nostic horizons, qualifiers, soil types, and relationship of soil This book on Slovenian soils is a review of what kind, types to the WRB reference soil groups. The fifth chapter where, and how much soil is available in Slovenia; what the introduces the most important soil types of Slovenia. It major threats to soils are, what the main research activities contains soil characterizations, soil profile descriptions, and are, as well as what the status of the available soil infor- representative soil profile data sets. Thereafter, some specific mation is. or soil types unexpected in Slovenia are presented in the next The purpose of the book is to provide an overview of the chapter. The seventh chapter spatially represents the extent state of Slovenian soils and a comparison in the international of Slovenia’s reference soil groups according to the WRB.
    [Show full text]
  • A Semi Quantitative Landslide Susceptibility
    A Semi Quantitative Landslide Susceptibility Assessment using Logistic Regression Model and Rock Mass Classification System: Study in a Part of Uttarakhand Himalaya, India Sashikant Sahoo January, 2009 A Semi Quantitative Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Using Logistic Regression Model & Rock Mass Classification System: Study in a part of Uttarakhand Himalaya, India by Sashikant Sahoo Thesis submitted to the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, Specialisation: (Geo-Hazards) THESIS ASSESSMENT BOARD Dr. Cees J. van Westen, ITC (Chairman) DDr. P.K. Champati ray Prof. R.C. Lakhera, IIRS SAARC, New Delhi Mr. I.C. Das, IIRS (External Examiner) SUPERVISORS ITC, The Netherlands IIRS, India Dr. Cees J. van Westen Prof. R.C. Lakhera Mr. I.C. Das Associate Professor Head, Geosciences Division Scientist SE ADVISOR Dr. Robert hack Associate Professor ITC, The Netherlands iirs INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR GEO-INFORMATION SCIENCE AND EARTH OBSERVATION ENSCHEDE, THE NETHERLANDS & INDIAN INSTITUTE OF REMOTE SENSING, NATIONAL REMOTE SENSINNG CENTER (NRSC), DEPARTMENT OF SPACE, DEHRADUN, INDIA I certify that I might have conferred with others in preparing for this assignment, and drawn upon a range of sources in this work, the content of this thesis work is my original work. Signed………………………………… Disclaimer This document describes work undertaken as part of a programme of study at the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the institute.
    [Show full text]
  • LITMUS: Landslide Detection by Integrating Multiple Sources
    Musaev et al. LITMUS: Landslide Detection by Integrating Multiple Sources LITMUS: Landslide Detection by Integrating Multiple Sources Aibek Musaev De Wang Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology [email protected] [email protected] Calton Pu Georgia Institute of Technology [email protected] ABSTRACT Disasters often lead to other kinds of disasters, forming multi-hazards such as landslides, which may be caused by earthquakes, rainfalls, water erosion, among other reasons. Effective detection and management of multi- hazards cannot rely only on one information source. In this paper, we evaluate a landslide detection system LITMUS, which combines multiple physical sensors and social media to handle the inherent varied origins and composition of multi-hazards. LITMUS integrates near real-time data from USGS seismic network, NASA TRMM rainfall network, Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram. The landslide detection process consists of several stages of social media filtering and integration with physical sensor data, with a final ranking of relevance by integrated signal strength. Applying LITMUS to data collected in October 2013, we analyzed and filtered 34.5k tweets, 2.5k video descriptions and 1.6k image captions containing landslide keywords followed by integration with physical sources based on a Bayesian model strategy. It resulted in detection of all 11 landslides reported by USGS and 31 more landslides unreported by USGS. An illustrative example is provided to demonstrate how LITMUS’ functionality can be used to determine landslides related to the recent Typhoon Haiyan. Keywords LITMUS, landslide detection, multi-source integration, social sensors, physical sensors. INTRODUCTION Natural disaster detection and management is a significant and non-trivial problem, which has been studied by many researchers.
    [Show full text]
  • Spec Pap Ostat.Vp
    Polish Geological Institute Special Papers, 24 (2008): 83–92 Proceedings of the Conference “The abiotic environment – evaluation of changes and hazards – case studies” SURFACE MASS MOVEMENTS IN POLAND – A REVIEW Danuta ILCEWICZ-STEFANIUK1, Stanis³aw RYBICKI2, Tadeusz S£OMKA1, Micha³ STEFANIUK1 Abstract. A geodynamical hazard over Poland’s territory is mainly connected with landslide processes. The activation of those processes has been noticed during several last years, particularly in the area of the Carpathians and in some parts of the Baltic Sea coast, where they had locally a disastrous scale. The inventory of surface mass movements over Poland’s territory based on archive data, and verified and supplemented by field works, was made in the years 2002–2005. Places of landslides occurrence were reported by “Landslide inventory cards”. Following the assumptions taken, all geological disasters should be a subject of inventory. However, a much bigger scale of observed phenomena than it was anticipated, caused a necessity to concentrate the inventory at selected, most endangered areas. The territorial zonation was applied in synthetic description of results of mass movement inventory. Sets of landslides of similar genesis and developed in similar geomorphologic and geo- logical conditions were distinguished and several zones with relatively intense mass movements processes were separated, i.e. the Baltic Sea coast, lake districts of northern Poland, the Vistula River valley, Lublin area including the Lublin Upland and Roztocze hills, the Kielce area including the Holy Cross Mountains and adjoining regions, the Carpathian Foredeep and the Sudetes with their foreland. Key words: mass movements, landslides, inventory, inventory card. Abstrakt.
    [Show full text]
  • IMP PERMAFROST in Veneto.Indd
    IL PERMAFROST IN VENETO: DISTRIBUZIONE, ANALISI E POSSIBILI EFFETTI AMBIENTALI PROGETTO PERMANET - PROGRAMMA ALPINE SPACE PERMAFROST IN THE VENETO REGION: DISTRIBUTION, ANALYSIS AND POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PERMANET PROJECT - ALPINE SPACE PROGRAMME Regione del Veneto Veneto Region Presidente della Giunta Regionale President of Regional Council Luca Zaia Luca Zaia Assessore all’Ambiente Regional Councillor for the Environment Maurizio Conte Maurizio Conte Assessore all’Economia e Sviluppo, Ricerca e Regional Councillor for the Economy, Innovazione Development, Research and Innovation Marialuisa Coppola Marialuisa Coppola Segreterio Regionale per l’Ambiente Regional Secretariat for the Environment Mariano Carraro Mariano Carraro Dirigente Regionale Direzione Geologia e Geology and Geological Resources Department Georisorse Marco Puiatti Marco Puiatti Geological Service Department Dirigente Servizio Geologico Alberto Baglioni Alberto Baglioni Head of Unit of the Trans-border Cooperation Dirigente Unità di Progetto Cooperazione Project Transfrontaliera Anna Flavia Zuccon Anna Flavia Zuccon Contact Person for the Interregional Alpine Responsabile Programma Interreg Alpine Space Space Programme Alvise Rossi Alvise Rossi Project Manager Progetto PermaNET Project Manager of PermaNET Project Anna Galuppo Anna Galuppo Autori Authors Andrea Crepaz2, Valentina Defendi1, Simone Frigerio3, Andrea Crepaz2, Valentina Defendi1, Simone Frigerio3, Jacopo Gabrieli4, Anna Galuppo1, Laura Magnabosco1, Jacopo Gabrieli4, Anna Galuppo1, Laura Magnabosco1,
    [Show full text]
  • Landslide Susceptibility Evaluation and Management Using Different
    remote sensing Article Landslide Susceptibility Evaluation and Management Using Different Machine Learning Methods in The Gallicash River Watershed, Iran Alireza Arabameri 1,* , Sunil Saha 2 , Jagabandhu Roy 2, Wei Chen 3,4,5 , Thomas Blaschke 6 and Dieu Tien Bui 7,* 1 Department of Geomorphology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran 2 Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732101, West Bengal, India; [email protected] (S.S.); [email protected] (J.R.) 3 College of Geology & Environment, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; [email protected] 4 Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Land and Resources, Xi’an 710021, China 5 Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation, Xi’an 710054, China 6 Department of Geoinformatics—Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; [email protected] 7 Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.A.); [email protected] (D.T.B.) Received: 19 December 2019; Accepted: 22 January 2020; Published: 3 February 2020 Abstract: This analysis aims to generate landslide susceptibility maps (LSMs) using various machine learning methods, namely random forest (RF), alternative decision tree (ADTree) and Fisher’s Linear Discriminant Function (FLDA). The results of the FLDA, RF and ADTree models were compared with regard to their applicability for creating an LSM of the Gallicash river watershed in the northern part of Iran close to the Caspian Sea. A landslide inventory map was created using GPS points obtained in a field analysis, high-resolution satellite images, topographic maps and historical records.
    [Show full text]
  • Identifying Landslides from Continuous Seismic Surface Waves: a Case Study of Multiple Small-Scale Landslides Triggered by Typhoon Talas, 2011
    This is a repository copy of Identifying landslides from continuous seismic surface waves: a case study of multiple small-scale landslides triggered by Typhoon Talas, 2011. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/173217/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Okuwaki, R, Fan, W, Yamada, M et al. (2 more authors) (2021) Identifying landslides from continuous seismic surface waves: a case study of multiple small-scale landslides triggered by Typhoon Talas, 2011. Geophysical Journal International. ISSN 0956-540X https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab129 © 2021, Oxford University Press. This is an author produced version of an article published in Geophysical Journal International. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an accepted version of; Okuwaki, R., Fan, W., Yamada, M., Osawa, H., & Wright, T.
    [Show full text]
  • Landslide Surveillance Program
    FAC 08-01 Reclamation Manual Directives and Standards Subject: Landslide Surveillance Program Purpose: The purpose of the Landslide Surveillance Program is to decrease the potential for damage and loss of life as a result of landslides. Also of concern are operational impacts to associated facilities located in, or adjacent to, landslide areas. This Directive and Standard (D&S) establishes the requirements for landslide surveillance and reporting. Authority: Reclamation Project Act of 1902 and Supplementary Acts Approving Official: Director, Dam Safety and Infrastructure Contact: Asset Management Division (86-67200) 1. Introduction. The Landslide Surveillance Program was established to monitor landslide areas associated with the construction or operation of project facilities for which the Bureau of Reclamation is responsible and that pose a significant threat to Reclamation personnel and public safety or could result in substantial property damage. 2. Applicability. This D&S applies to all Reclamation staff and offices having jurisdiction and oversight responsibility for known landslide areas, or those areas recognized as having potential for landslides at, or adjacent to, Reclamation facilities that could be affected by operations or could affect operations, access, structural stability of the facility, or safety of Reclamation personnel and the public. 3. Landslide Register Data and Format. Dam Safety and Infrastructure’s Asset Management Division (AMD), in coordination with the Technical Service Center (TSC) Engineering Geology Group, will maintain a comprehensive listing of landslide areas with descriptive data in Geographic Information System (GIS) database format. The Landslide Register will include known landslide areas and areas with potential for future soil or rock slope movement. A.
    [Show full text]