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SOUTH AUSTRALIA'S MIXED GAUGE MUDDLE SECTION - A MULTI GAUGE STATIONS in SA COUNTRY AREAS Country locationsEra Drawing Bowmans 1923 ‐ 1927 1001 Brachina 1956 ‐ 1957 1002 Gladstone (1) 1970 ‐ 1985 1003 Gladstone (2) 1927 ‐ 1970 1004 Hamley Bridge 1880 ‐ 1927 1005 Marree 1957 ‐ 1980 1006 Mount Gambier 1917 ‐ 1954 1007 Naracoorte 1951 ‐ 1957 1008 Peterborough 1970 ‐ 1989 1009/10 Pinnaroo AWB 2009 ‐ 2011 1011 Port Pirie environment (1) 1937 ‐ 1970 1012/13 Port Pirie environment (2) 1970 ‐ 1982 1014‐16 Snowtown (1) 1923 ‐ 1927 1017 Tailem Bend 1996 ‐ 1998 1018 Terowie 1881 ‐ 1970 1019/20 Whyalla Steelworks 2013 > 1021 Triple Gauge (2 configurations) - Gladstone For other Country locations refer to Section B - Multi Gauge Lines in Country SA Drawn: G F Vincent for National Railway Museum Port Adelaide to Alice Springs (NT) MARREE Historic Notes Bowmans started its relatively short period as a dual gauge station when two lines of different gauges crossed geographically. The Balaklava to Kadina line of the Western System was pre-existing as a narrow gauge line, when the broad gauge line to Tarcoola from Long Plains started to snake forward towards Port Pirie. The interaction of the two lines did not create a 'transfer' point for passengers or commodities, and the status ended four years later when the whole of the Western System was converted to broad gauge. Given that this system change was predicted, all of the dual gauge BROKEN HILL lines at Bowmans were laid as 4 rail configuration with both narrow gauge rails between the broad gauge to facilitate the eventual change to broad gauge only. to Parkes (NSW) PT AUGUSTA PETERBOROUGH PT PIRIE NEW SOUTH WALES GLADSTONE SNOWTOWN BURRA KADINA BOWMANS LOXTON ADELAIDE to Ouyen (Vic.) TAILEM BEND PINNAROO Broad gauge to SNOWTOWN VICTORIA Narrow gauge to PORT WAKEFIELD WOLSELEY & KADINA to Melbourne Narrow gauge to RAILWAYS OF BALAKALAVA EASTERN NARACOORTE SOUTH AUSTRALIA Broad gauge to HAMLEY BRIDGE & ADELAIDE MT GAMBIER to Heywood (Vic) BOWMANS ADELAIDE via TWO WELLS YY KADINA BALAKLAVA DOWN MAIN Y Y UP MAIN Y BOWMANS RD SNOWTOWN Y -- Fixed point divergence of two gauges Drawn: G F Vincent for BOWMANS National Railway Museum 1923 - 1927 Port Adelaide Dual Gauge Era (b.g./ n.g.) 1001 to Alice Springs (NT) MARREE Historic Notes By the criteria set - 2 or more years and not simply during construction - Brachina doesn't really qualify. However it is a special case worth reporting. to Tarcoola From the 1880s, Brachina was a small siding on the Quorn - Oodnadatta (and ultmately Alice Springs) narrow gauge line. But in 1955 the new standard gauge line BRACHINA from Stirling North traversing the plains to the west of the Flinders Ranges arrived, avoiding the difficult Pichi Richi Pass and Quorn, and temporarily Brachina became a BROKEN HILL trans-shipping point. This in itself was hardly special, but full narrow gauge coal and stock trains were not unloaded, but simply run up onto standard gauge flat cars fitted to Parkes (NSW) with narrow gauge track and carried 'piggy-back' to the south. This rather novel process PT AUGUSTA continued until the standard gauge reached its next staging point to the north in late 1956. PETERBOROUGH PT PIRIE NEW SOUTH WALES GLADSTONE SNOWTOWN BURRA KADINA LOXTON ADELAIDE to Ouyen (Vic.) TAILEM BEND PINNAROO Standard gauge to Narrow gauge to VICTORIA MARREE MARREE & Under Construction ALICE SPRINGS to Melbourne Standard gauge to STIRLING NORTH & PT PIRIE RAILWAYS OF EASTERN NARACOORTE Closed Narrow gauge to SOUTH AUSTRALIA QUORN & PT AUGUSTA MT GAMBIER to Heywood (Vic) BRACHINA CRUSHER s.g. MAIN STIRLING NORTH via NEUROODLA s.g. LOOP MAREE n.g. TRANSFER SIDING Cattle Transfer Ramps Under Construction n.g. 'Piggyback' Loading Ramps n.g. LOOP n.g. MAIN STIRLING NORTH via QUORN ALICE SPRINGS via MAREE * Whilst Brachina does not meet the "2 year" criteria Drawn: G F Vincent for inclusion in this series, it's unique facilitiy for for piggyback loading is worthy of note. BRACHINA National Railway Museum 1956 - 1957* Port Adelaide Dual Gauge Era (s.g./ n.g.) 1002 INTRICATE TRACKWORK For illustration purposes some photographs are from other TRIPLE GAUGE TURNOUTS & TRANSITIONS illustrations. fixed point fp Turnout: (3 gauge) - Main and Branch. 4 moving blades Turnout: (3 gauge) to (b.g+n.g) Branch. 2moving blades Divergence: (3 gauge) to (b.g+n.g) Main & s.g. Branch. No blades fixed points WOULD YOU BELIEVE? fixed In the three gauge Gladstone Yard point (1970>1985) there were no less than 11 different gauge/gauge combinations? fp Turnout: (3 gauge) Main to (s.g+n.g) Branch. 2 moving blades Transition: (3 gauge - centreline) for end wagon sheep transfer and transition to (3 gauge common rail) for platform alignment (not visible) fixed points fp fp Turnout: (3 gauge) Main to n.g Branch. 1 moving blade Turnout: (3 gauge) to b.g Branch 1moving blade Transition: (3 gauge - common rail) to (3 gauge 'gauntlet') Basic (Common rail) Permits turnouts Centreline loading Turntable access Note: In this configuration the TRIPLE GAUGE TRACK standard gaue rails need to be Drawn: G F Vincent CONFIGURATIONS narrowed to permit broad gauge flanges to fit. for Narrow gauge: 1067mm National Railway Museum ng ng ng ng Standard gauge: 1435mm sg sg sg sg Port Adelaide Broad gauge: 1600mm bg bg bg bg to Alice Springs (NT) MARREE Historic Notes The first railway reached Gladstone in 1876 as a 1067mm gauge line coming inland from Pt Pirie. This line then extended on through Peterborough (then Petersburg) reaching Broken Hill in 1888. As a seperate development the narrow gauge "Western System" was extended north from Balaklava eventually connecting at Gladstone in 1894. The Wilmington branch started with a line to Laura in 1884 and was completed in 1915. Gladstone thus prospered to Tarcoola as a single gauge junction until 1927. In this year the "Western System" was converted to broad (1600mm) gauge, eliminating the break of gauge station at Hamley Bridge, but creating a new one at Gladstone. This commenced a period of 43 years as a two gauge junction, transhipping grain, livestock, passengers and general goods. Passenger services BROKEN HILL operated on all radiating lines. In 1970 the Broken Hill - Coonamia line was converted to standard (1435mm) gauge as part of the upgrading of the Sydney - Perth route to a single to Parkes (NSW) gauge, creating the third era for Gladstone as a triple gauge station - reputedly one of only PT AUGUSTA two in the world along with Peterborough. Whilst Gladstone was much smaller than its neighbour, it was vastly more complex since with limited space it was built with all the yards superimposed on one another. This provided an amazing array of multigauge trackwork with PETERBOROUGH no less than 11 different gauge combinations in the one station complex. Built initially to PT PIRIE NEW SOUTH WALES GLADSTONE transfer all products including livestock it gradually reverted to grain only. Passenger service was only provided on the broad gauge to Adelaide. By1993 the Wilmington branch had been BURRA closed and the broad gauge link to the south was also removed. The station now remains as SNOWTOWN a passing loop on the main east-west line but with a regional grain loading centre. KADINA LOXTON ADELAIDE to Ouyen (Vic.) TAILEM BEND PINNAROO Narrow gauge to Narrow gauge to WILMINGTON WILMINGTON VICTORIA Standard gauge to Standard gauge to Narrow gauge to PT AUGUSTA PETERBOROUGH & PETERBOROUGH & WOLSELEY & PERTH SYDNEY BROKEN HILL to Melbourne RAILWAYS OF EASTERN Narrow gauge to NARACOORTE PT PIRIE SOUTH AUSTRALIA Broad gauge to Broad gauge to ADELAIDE ADELAIDE MT GAMBIER to Heywood (Vic) 1970 -- 1993 1927 -- 1970 GLADSTONE RAMP PORT PIRIE Y WILMINGTON Pedestrian Underpass 1 GOODS SHED MAIN NORTH RD 31 32 WEIGHBRIDGE EAST ST 18 20 21 25 28 29 = 30 36 10 = 33 37 40 = 34 GOODS TRANSFER PLATFORM = 52 STOCK RAMPS 23 24 = 35 39 42 43 57 19 11 = 53 4 7 17 45 47 51 14 = 41 15 8 12 48 50 G 49 53 ENGINE SHED 9 46 23 5 22 * 3 16 44 Coal Gantry G 27 * G 26 Passenger (Low Level) Platform 38 54 Ash Pit 56 * = G * G PORT ST Pedestrian Underpass BONDOWIE ST CALTEX FUEL DEPOT ADELAIDE PETERBOROUGH GLADSTONE 1927 - 1970 Drawn: G F Vincent for Dual Gauge Era (b.g./ n.g.) National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide Y -- Fixed point divergence of two gauges 1003 The track transition diagrams are not to scale = WILMINGTON PORT PIRIE and are presented to illustrate the extensive A track complications of this location. A * 196 138 STOCK RAMP = & PLATFORM B 2 B * = = M C C 3 * 3D BALLAST HOPPER STOCK RAMPS & PLATFORMS K = D = * K D * = J J * Pedestrian = Underpass H H E 4 * 4D E * GOODS SHED = 61 SILOS F MAIN NORTH RD M = WEIGHBRIDGE EAST ST Y = Y = RAMP = GOODS TRANSFER PLATFORM= = = TRANSFER F 58 = PLATFORM 6 * M M = 54 M 60 8 M 51D 55 10 = 12D 51 57 56D ENGINE SHED M 12 13 16 M 50 G Ash Pit M M 14 7 9 M 16D M 18 53 * 56 14D Passenger (Low Level) Platform = *G G PORT ST Pedestrian Underpass BONDOWIE ST CALTEX FUEL DEPOT ADELAIDE PETERBOROUGH 135 GLADSTONE 1970 - 1985 193 Drawn: G F Vincent for Triple Gauge Era National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide Y -- Fixed point divergence of two gauges 1004 to Alice Springs (NT) MARREE Historic Notes There were only two other steam powered main line railways in the state of South Australia when the broad gauge (1600mm) Adelaide-Burra line first reached Hamley Bridge. Construction of the line was dominated by the need to span the to Tarcoola River Light just south of the town.