DOCSLIB.ORG

Intellectual Culture of the Hudson Bay Eskimos

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Intellectual Culture of the Hudson Bay Eskimos THE LIBRARY OF YORK UNIVERSITY - _ Date Due »Cim, Aug i ~ RENEWED C AUGbJ 1 1992 (ap Æ 21W FA'tf sc 1 ICS JAN 6 1993 4 s — Mrrt * 06 1995 - ^ tim sCft: sc FA y APR 16 1993 J(Æ s~ — '9Wj scc —RENEWED / «x < " ?99f - _ * : tt! 2sc Gift JUL 1 2 19Vi : > d — OCT 1995 see * l» - APR 27m i)L 1 York Form — Cooper Graphics — v., ffte FOAM 109 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/intellectualcultOOrasm REPORT OF THE FIFTH THULE EXPEDITION 1921—24 THE DANISH EXPEDITION TO ARCTIC NORTH AMERICA IN CHARGE of KNUD RASMUSSEN, ph. d. VOL. VII. NO. 1 INTELLECTUAL CULTURE OF THE IGLULIK ESKIMOS BY KNUD RASMUSSEN GYLDENDALSKE BOGHANDEL, NORDISK FORLAG COPENHAGEN 1929 Edited with the Support of the Ministry of Education. Translation Expenses defrayed by the Rask-Ørsted Fund. Translated by W. WORSTER from the Danish original. PRINTED IN DENMARK GYLDENDALS FORLAOSTRYKKERI KØBENHAVN TO MY FRIEND WILLIAM THALBITZER PROFESSOR OF ESKIMO LANGUAGE AND CULTURE IN THE UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN General Plan and Methods of Work. The work of the Fifth Thule Expedition was divided up between us so that Kaj Birket-Smith and Therkel Mathiassen dealt with the material aspects of the Eskimo culture, while I took the intellectual side. My principal objects of study under this head comprised: 1) The natives in the vicinity of our headquarters at Danish Is- land, or in other words, the Aivilingmiut, Iglulingmiut and the immi- grant Netsilingmiut. The Aivilingmiut and Iglulingmiut constitute, together with the Tununermiut at Ponds Inlet, the Iglulik group. 2) The Inland Eskimos of the Barren Grounds, which we have agreed to call the Caribou Eskimos. 3) The Netsilingmiut. Ilivilermiut and Utkuhikjalingmiut, who are akin by intermarriage, and occupy, roughly speaking, the region between Bellot Strait, Back River and Adelaide Peninsula. 4) The Umingmaktormiut, between Kent Peninsula and Bathurst Inlet. 5) The Mackenzie Eskimos. 6) The Alaskan Eskimos, especially comprising the inland tribes between Colville and Noatak River, Point Hope, Nome, the islands in the Bering Strait and finally the fairly isolated population on Nunivak, south of the Yukon Delta. It may be as well here further to explain that the terms used for the various tribes and settlements are to be understood as follows: Iglulingmiut, plural of Iglulingmio, a man or woman from Iglulik, an island in Fury and Hecla Strait. Amitjormiut, plural of Amitjormio, one living at Amitjoq (some- times also pronounced Amitsoq), a name for Melville Peninsula. The territory here more particularly concerned is that between Usugårjuk and Lyon Inlet. They are part of the Iglulik tribe in the wider sense of the word. Aivilingmiut, plural of Aivilingmio, one living at Aivilik, the old name for the region round Repulse Bay. Netsilingmiut, plural of Netsilingmio, one living at Netsilik. the original name for the great lakes of Boothia Isthmus. The term Netsilingmiut however is now used for all coming from the eastern 10 part of the Northwest Passage territory, many of these having for several generations taken up their quarters at various points between Lyon Inlet and Chesterfield Inlet. Saglermiut, plural of Saglermio, one living on the island of Sagleq. i. e. Southampton Island. These are for the most part former mem- bers of the Aivilingmiut, and a few Iglulingmiut, who, attracted by the favourable conditions for hunting, settled here early in the 20th century, after the original Saglermiut had become extinct. Finally may be mentioned the Igluligårjungmiut, or dwellers at Igluligarjuk, the native name for Chesterfield. These are not a tribe but consist of a mixture of the groups already mentioned with a further contingent of Inland Eskimos from Baker Lake and Kazan River. There is no very marked difference between the Aivilingmiut and the Iglulingmiut. The dialects are so alike that it is difficult for a stranger to tell the difference. There is a more pronounced dissimi- larity, however, between these dialects on the one hand and that of the Netsilingmiut on the other, the latter having a more emphatic sibilant than the former. The pronunciation of the Greenland "s" sound itself, however, which sometimes becomes h, sometimes j, is often so much a matter of accident and individual peculiarity, that it is hard to lay down any thoroughly consistent method of spelling for words in which the letter occurs. Reference may here be made, for further information, to Birket-Smith's Five Hundred Eskimo Words Vol. Ill, No. 3 of this series. The above-mentioned distribution of our work among our party whereby Mathiassen and Birket-Smith took the entire material cul- ture and I attended to the intellectual has, of course, the advantage — which indeed was the reason for the arrangement — that it gave each one more time to go into details than would have been the case had one had to consider both aspects together. On the other hand, I feel obliged to point out one difficulty involved by such an arrange- ment, in keeping the intellectual culture distinct from the material. It will always be natural for an explorer first to describe the geograph- ical environment of any particular tribe or people, and the material culture whereby they maintain themselves in the struggle for exist- ence, the two being closely connected; and with these factors to start from, one can then later endeavour to show forth the manner of their intellectual life and its manifestations. It seemed to me therefore that it might be helpful to the general understanding of the position if I were to give, by way of introduc- tion, a few brief sketches of the conditions under which I first en- countered the people whom I shall endeavour in the following pages to describe. These brief sketches should thus give their views of 1 1 everyday life and their attitude towards life and destiny. I hope that such an introduction may contribute towards a more intimate appre- ciation of the material and problems subsequently to be dealt with. It was necessary for me first of all to gain the complete confidence of my Eskimo collaborators before I could begin the work at all. And this was only to be achieved by sharing their daily life, living with them under precisely the same conditions as they themselves. That I was able to do so with complete success was due to the fact that I cotrid speak their language, and, from my knowledge of their kins- folk in Greenland, was already familiar with their ideas and habit of mind. And it has always been one of my main objects, in the portrayal of primitive culture, to get the natives' own views of life and its problems, their own ideas expressed in their own fashion. This was often quite as important to me as eliciting new elements in their religious and spiritual life. I therefore think it will not be out of place to commence this book with an account of my method of work and the manner in which I first gained the confidence of my Eskimo collaborators. I. Eskimo Life: Descriptions and Autobiographies. Our first meeting with the Aivilingmiut near Repulse Bay. Our first encounter with these natives took place on the 4th of December 1921. More than two months had passed since our arrival at Danish Island, and up to now we had not set eyes on a single human being of the tribes we had come all this way to visit. Work of various kinds had kept us busy at headquarters, and the state of the ice had hitherto precluded excursions of any length. By the end of November, however, all the fjords were frozen hard enough for us to set out for Repulse Bay, where we knew there should be one of the Hudson Bay Company's trading stations. We could there ob- tain information as to the distribution of the population between Iglulik and Chesterfield Inlet. Peter Freuchen, the Polar Eskimo Nasaitsordluarssuk and I were at last on our way to the north-west in search of natives. We had followed the northern coast of Vansittart Island through the mouth of Gore Bay, and making a wide detour where the strength of the current prevented the formation of winter ice, had gone overland past the south-western coast of Melville Peninsula; we were now on the sea ice in Haviland Bay. We had had an accident to one of the sledges, which had suffered damage among the pressure ridges, and Freuchen and Nasaitsordluarssuk were consequently a little way be- hind. It was about noon, the red of the sun tinged the horizon out towards Rowe's Welcome. The sky was perfectly clear, and it was bitterly cold. A faint breeze blowing right in my face stung so that I could hardly keep my head to the front as I drove. It was fine, level fjord ice underfoot; we were some distance from the edge of the ice, which was just visible with its pressure ridges to the south, and as the way was clear ahead, I had turned my back to the wind for a moment, to thaw my face. I had only been sitting like this for a moment, when I started up at a sudden sound. I had heard it quite distinctly, and the dogs too must have noticed; they began to sniff eagerly about, 13 and I was thus sure I had made no mistake. The sound I had heard was that of a shot fired not far off; there was no mistaking it. I glanced back towards my companions, thinking they had fired as a signal to me to wait.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cosmology and Shamanism and Shamanism INTERVIEWING INUIT ELDERS
    6507.3 Eng Cover w/spine/bleed 5/1/06 9:23 AM Page 1 INTERVIEWINGCosmology INUIT ELDERS and Shamanism Cosmology and Shamanism INTERVIEWING INUIT ELDERS Mariano and Tulimaaq Aupilaarjuk, Lucassie Nutaraaluk, Rose Iqallijuq, Johanasi Ujarak, Isidore Ijituuq and Michel Kupaaq 4 Edited by Bernard Saladin d’Anglure 6507.5_Fre 5/1/06 9:11 AM Page 239 6507.3 English Vol.4 5/1/06 9:21 AM Page 1 INTERVIEWING INUIT ELDERS Volume 4 Cosmology and Shamanism Mariano and Tulimaaq Aupilaarjuk, Lucassie Nutaraaluk, Rose Iqallijuq, Johanasi Ujarak, Isidore Ijituuq and Michel Kupaaq Edited by Bernard Saladin d’Anglure 6507.3 English Vol.4 5/1/06 9:21 AM Page 2 Interviewing Inuit Elders Volume 4 Cosmology and Shamanism Copyright © 2001 Nunavut Arctic College, Mariano and Tulimaaq Aupilaarjuk, Bernard Saladin d’Anglure and participating students Susan Enuaraq, Aaju Peter, Bernice Kootoo, Nancy Kisa, Julia Saimayuq, Jeannie Shaimayuk, Mathieu Boki, Kim Kangok, Vera Arnatsiaq, Myna Ishulutak, and Johnny Kopak. Photos courtesy Bernard Saladin d’Anglure; Frédéric Laugrand; Alexina Kublu; Mystic Seaport Museum. Louise Ujarak; John MacDonald; Bryan Alexander. Illustrations courtesy Terry Ryan in Blodgett, ed. “North Baffin Drawings,” Art Gallery of Ontario; 1923 photo of Urulu, Fifth Thule Expedition. Cover illustration “Man and Animals” by Lydia Jaypoody. Design and production by Nortext (Iqaluit). All rights reserved. The use of any part of this publication, reproduced, transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, or stored in a retrieval system, without written consent of the publisher is an infringement of the copyright law. ISBN 1-896-204-384 Published by the Language and Culture Program of Nunavut Arctic College, Iqaluit, Nunavut with the generous support of the Pairijait Tigummivik Elders Society.
    [Show full text]
  • Examining Precontact Inuit Gender Complexity and Its
    EXAMINING PRECONTACT INUIT GENDER COMPLEXITY AND ITS DISCURSIVE POTENTIAL FOR LGBTQ2S+ AND DECOLONIZATION MOVEMENTS by Meghan Walley B.A. McGill University, 2014 A thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Archaeology Memorial University of Newfoundland May 2018 St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador 0 ABSTRACT Anthropological literature and oral testimony assert that Inuit gender did not traditionally fit within a binary framework. Men’s and women’s social roles were not wholly determined by their bodies, there were mediatory roles between masculine and feminine identities, and role-swapping was—and continues to be—widespread. However, archaeologists have largely neglected Inuit gender diversity as an area of research. This thesis has two primary objectives: 1) to explore the potential impacts of presenting queer narratives of the Inuit past through a series of interviews that were conducted with Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Queer/Questioning and Two-Spirit (LGBTQ2S+) Inuit and 2) to consider ways in which archaeological materials articulate with and convey a multiplicity of gender expressions specific to pre-contact Inuit identity. This work encourages archaeologists to look beyond categories that have been constructed and naturalized within white settler spheres, and to replace them with ontologically appropriate histories that incorporate a range of Inuit voices. I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, qujannamiik/nakummek to all of the Inuit who participated in interviews, spoke to me about my work, and provided me with vital feedback. My research would be nothing without your input. I also wish to thank Safe Alliance for helping me identify interview participants, particularly Denise Cole, one of its founding members, who has provided me with invaluable insights, and who does remarkable work that will continue to motivate and inform my own.
    [Show full text]
  • Overview of SPRITE: Saturn Probe Interior and Atmosphere Explorer Concept
    Overview of SPRITE: Saturn PRobe Interior and aTmosphere Explorer Concept Marcus Lobbia1 Co-Authors: Amy Simon2, Rolf Danner1, Dave Atkinson1, Cavan Cuddy3 1 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology 2 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 3 Lockheed Martin Space Systems © 2017 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged. Predecisional information for planning and discussion only Saturn Probe Mission Concept – Decadal Survey • Planetary Sciences Decadal Survey – Saturn Probe mission one of several recommended Medium-class missions for New Frontiers program • Objectives – 1: Determine Saturn’s Role in Solar System Formation and Evolution • Measure noble gas abundances and isotopic ratios in Saturn’s atmosphere – 2: Characterize Saturn’s atmosphere structure and composition • Measure atmospheric structure and cloud properties at Probe descent location SPRITE is proposed as a New Frontiers candidate mission to address these high-priority Decadal Survey objectives Predecisional information for planning and discussion only 2 jpl.nasa.gov Saturn’s Role in Solar System Formation • Did Saturn arrest Jupiter migration to inner solar system? – In situ measurements will help identify Saturn’s age and formation location – Sample elemental abundances and isotopic ratios from 0.2 to 10 bars pressure Predecisional information for planning and discussion only 3 jpl.nasa.gov Truth Beneath Saturn’s Clouds • What are the properties and locations of Saturn’s various cloud layers? What are vertical profiles of pressure,
    [Show full text]
  • Harvesting Electromagnetic Energy from Hypervelocity Impacts for Solar System Exploration
    URSI GASS 2020, Rome, Italy, 29 August - 5 September 2020 Harvesting Electromagnetic Energy from Hypervelocity Impacts for Solar System Exploration Sean A. Q. Young*(1), Nicolas Lee(1), and Sigrid Close(1) (1) Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA, 94305 Abstract CubeSats have opened new opportunities for solar system exploration by decreasing mission development and launch costs. While they have proven successful in the inner so- lar system, providing sustained power to these spacecraft Figure 1. Graphical representation of the HVI energy har- at large distances from the sun requires novel power gener- vesting concept. ation methods. Solar power is dramatically diminished at these distances and radioisotope thermoelectric generators do not scale well to spacecraft with small dimensions. The CubeSats as free-flying sensors can produce plasma mea- space environment could provide a solution; by harnessing surements spread over hundreds of kilometers — a signif- energetic hazards in the environments under investigation, icant improvement over the tens of meters that a boom- the spacecraft could forgo traditional power sources. Radio mounted sensor would provide. This concept has heritage frequency emissions are abundant in the space environment in the Cluster [1] mission for example. with sources originating from planetary aurora, particle dy- namics in the magnetosphere, and electromagnetic pulses Power presents a challenge to small spacecraft in the outer (EMPs) associated with hypervelocity impacts between mi- solar system. The extreme distance from the sun precludes crometeoroids and spacecraft. A case study of a mission the use of solar panels for Cubesats, and radioisotope ther- to the rings of Saturn is presented and analyzed for feasi- moelectric generators are expensive, difficult to handle, and bility.
    [Show full text]
  • Krista Marie Soderlund the University of Texas at Austin Institute for Geophysics, John A
    Krista Marie Soderlund The University of Texas at Austin Institute for Geophysics, John A. & Katherine G. Jackson School of Geosciences J.J. Pickle Research Campus, Bldg. 196 (ROC), 10100 Burnet Rd. (R2200), Austin, TX 78758-4445 [email protected], Office: 512-471-0449, Cell: 218-349-3006, FAX: 512-471-8844 Research Interests Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Magnetohydrodynamics, Planetary Science, Cryosphere Education University of California, Los Angeles Ph.D., Geophysics and Space Physics, 2011 M.S., Geophysics and Space Physics, 2009 Florida Institute of Technology B.S., Double major in Physics & Space Science, 2005, Summa Cum Laude Employment University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Geophysics Research Associate, September 2014-Present UTIG Postdoctoral Fellow, October 2011-September 2014 University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Earth and Space Sciences Graduate Student Researcher, Advisor: Dr. Jonathan M. Aurnou, 2006-2011 California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences Summer Undergraduate Research Fellow, Dr. Joann M. Stock, 2005 NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, CA Consultant, Dr. Bonnie J. Buratti, 2006 Planetary Geology & Geophysics Undergrad Research Program, Dr. B.J. Buratti, 2004 Florida Institute of Technology, Department of Physics and Space Science Undergraduate Researcher, Dr. Niescja E. Turner, 2004-2005 Naval Oceanographic Office, Hydrology Code, Stennis Space Center, MS Physical science aid, 2003 Mission Experience Saturn Probe Interior and aTmosphere Explorer (SPRITE)
    [Show full text]
  • Thunder and Stone Nunavusiutit 9
    Thunder and Stone Nunavusiutit 9 A Module About Inuit Beliefs and the Nattilingmiut wo8ix3ioEp4f5 x9M4Fz5 wo8ixDtos3i3j5 wo8ix3F1k9l Wp5tC3F1u tt6voxa8if5 Kavamat Elihaktoliginikot Havakviat Ilihautiliuniqmut Ilihavinulu Piyittivik Titiqqaq, Department of Education Curriculum and School Services Document Ministère de l’Éducation Division des programmes d’études et services scolaires 2006 1 Nunavusiutit 9: Thunder and Stone All true wisdom is only to be found far from the dwelling of man, in great solitudes; and it can only be attained through suffering. Suffering and privation are the only things that can open the mind of man to that which is hidden from his fellows. 1 Igjugarjuk to Knud Rasmussen 1 Found on the flyleaf of A Kayak Full of Ghosts, 1987, L. Millman, Capra Press. 2 Nunavusiutit 9: Thunder and Stone Acknowledgements We would like to acknowledge the work of the following sources, which greatly influenced the writing of this module: Inuit Heritage Trust and the project Taloyoak: Stories of Thunder and Stone www. taloyoak nunavut.ca/ Balikci, A., (1970) The Netsilik Eskimo. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press Inc. Bennett, J. and Rowley, S., (2004) Uqalurait: An oral history of Nunavut. Montreal, QC: McGill-Queens University Press. Laugrand, F. Oosten, J. and Trudel, F., (2000) Representing Tuurngait. Iqaluit, NU: Nunavut Arctic College. These are required resources for this module. Inuit Heritage Trust and the project Taloyoak: Stories of Thunder and Stone www. taloyoak nunavut.ca/ Balikci, A., (1970) The Netsilik Eskimo. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press Inc. Isuma Productions. The Nunavut Series (videos) Houston, J. Nuliajuq: Mother of the Sea beasts (video) Diet of Souls (DVD) Laugrand, F.
    [Show full text]
  • PSI Scienst Shows Evidence of Supervolcano on Mars
    Planetary Science Institute Est. 1972 WINTER 2013 NEWSLETTER Vol. 14, No. 4 PSI Scien st Shows Evidence of Supervolcano on Mars by Alan Fischer A research project led by PSI Research Scien st Joseph R. Michalski has iden fi ed what could be a supervolcano on Mars –– the fi rst discovery of its kind. In a paper published in, and featured on the cover of, the Oct. 3 issue of Nature, Joe Michalski and co-author Jacob E. Bleacher of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center describe a new type of volca- nic construc on on Mars that un l now has gone unrecognized. The volcano in ques on, a vast circular basin on the face of the red planet, previously had been classifi ed as an impact crater. Researchers now suggest the basin is actually the remains of an ancient supervolcano erup on. Their assessment is based on images and topographic data from NASA’s Mars Odyssey, Mars Global Surveyor, and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecra , as well as the European Space Agency’s Mars Express orbiter. In the Nature paper, Joe and his co-author lay out their case that the basin, recently named Eden Patera, is a volcanic caldera. Because a caldera is a depression, it can look like a crater formed by an impact, rather than a volcano. “On Mars, young volcanoes have a very dis nc ve appearance that allows us to iden fy them,” Joe said. “The long-standing ques on has been what would ancient volcanoes on Mars look like? Perhaps they look like this one.” Oct.
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Rationale for Uranus and Neptune in Situ Explorations
    Planetary and Space Science 00 (2017) 1–?? Scientific rationale for Uranus and Neptune in situ explorations O. Mousisa, D. H. Atkinsonb, T. Cavalie´c, L. N. Fletcherd, M. J. Amatoe, S. Aslame, F. Ferrif, J.-B. Renardg, T. Spilkerh, E. Venkatapathyi, P. Wurzj, K. Aplink, A. Coustenisc, M. Deleuila, M. Dobrijevicl, T. Fouchetc, T. Guillotm, P. Hartoghn, T. Hewagamao, M. D. Hofstadterb, V. Huep, R. Huesoq, J.-P. Lebretong, E. Lellouchc, J. Mosesr, G. S. Ortonb, J. C. Pearle, A. Sanchez-Lavega´ q, A. Simone, O. Venots, J. H. Waitep, R. K. Achterbergo, S. Atreyat, F. Billebaudl, M. Blancv, F. Borgetu, B. Bruggera, S. Charnozw, T. Chiavassau, V. Cottinio, L. d’Hendecourtu, G. Dangeru, T. Encrenazc, N. J. P. Goriusx, L. Jordaa, B. Martyy, R. Morenoc, A. Morsez, C. Nixone, K. Rehb, T. Ronneta, F.-X. Schmiderm, S. Sheridanz, C. Sotinb, P. Vernazzaa, G. L. Villanuevae aAix Marseille Universit´e,CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388, Marseille, France bJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA c LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit´es,UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cit´e,5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France dDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK eNASA Goddard Space flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA fUniversit`adegli Studi di Padova, Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attivit`aSpaziali “Giuseppe Colombo” (CISAS), via Venezia
    [Show full text]
  • Native American Mythology a to Z, Second Edition
    Native American Mythology A to Z SECOND EDITION MYTHOLOGY A TO Z African Mythology A to Z Celtic Mythology A to Z Chinese Mythology A to Z Egyptian Mythology A to Z Greek and Roman Mythology A to Z Japanese Mythology A to Z Native American Mythology A to Z Norse Mythology A to Z South and Meso-American Mythology A to Z MYTHOLOGY A TO Z Native American Mythology A to Z SECOND EDITION 8 Patricia Ann Lynch Revised by Jeremy Roberts [ Native American Mythology A to Z, Second Edition Copyright © 2004, 2010 by Patricia Ann Lynch All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Chelsea House An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lynch, Patricia Ann. Native American mythology A to Z / Patricia Ann Lynch; revised by Jeremy Roberts.—2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. e-ISBN: 978-1-4381-3311-9 ISBN 978-1-60413-894-8 (hardcover: alk. paper) 1. Indian mythology—Juvenile literature. I. Roberts, Jeremy, 1956– II. Title. E59.R38L85 2010 398.2'0973—dc22 2009047833 Chelsea House books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Frontiers Saturn Probe Interior and Atmosphere Explorer (SPRITE) Mission Proposal
    EPSC Abstracts Vol. 11, EPSC2017-356, 2017 European Planetary Science Congress 2017 EEuropeaPn PlanetarSy Science CCongress c Author(s) 2017 The New Frontiers Saturn PRobe Interior and aTmosphere Explorer (SPRITE) Mission Proposal D. Atkinson (1), A. A. Simon (2), D. Banfield (3), S. Atreya (4), J. Blacksberg (1), W. Brinckerhoff (2), A. Colaprete (5), A. Coustenis (6), L. Fletcher (7), T. Guillot (8), M. Hofstadter (9), J. Lunine (3), P.Mahaffy (2), M. Marley (5), O. Mousis (9), T. Spilker (10), M. Trainer (2), C. Webster (1) (1) Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology ([email protected]), (2) NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, (3) Cornell University, (4) Univ. Michigan, (5) NASA Ames Research Center, (6) LESIA, Observ. Paris-Meudon, CNRS, Paris Univ., France, (7) Univ. Leicester, (8) Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur CNRS / Laboratoire Cassiopée, (9) Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, (10) Independent Consultant Abstract SPRITE is proposed to launch in late November The 2013-2022 Planetary Decadal Survey Vision and 2024 launch and follows an Earth-Venus-Earth-Earth Voyages [1] identified Saturn as a target of high gravity assist trajectory to reach Saturn in November, priority for a New Frontiers probe mission concept. 2034. The SPRITE probe enters Saturn’s atmosphere To better constrain models of Solar System formation, at a relative velocity of ~27 km/s, experiencing a 2 giant planet formation and evolution, and to provide peak heat flux near 3000 W/cm and a peak an improved context for understanding exoplanetary deceleration up to 45 g’s. The aeroshell is released systems, fundamental measurements of Saturn above the tropopause and the descent science including noble gas abundances, isotope ratios of sequence is initiated, permitting up to 2 hours for the hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, and probe to pass through 10 bars.
    [Show full text]
  • Krista Marie Soderlund the University of Texas at Austin Institute for Geophysics, John A
    Krista Marie Soderlund The University of Texas at Austin Institute for Geophysics, John A. & Katherine G. Jackson School of Geosciences J.J. Pickle Research Campus, Bldg. 196 (ROC), 10100 Burnet Rd. (R2200), Austin, TX 78758-4445 [email protected], Office: 512-471-0449, Cell: 218-349-3006, FAX: 512-471-8844 Research Interests Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Magnetohydrodynamics, Planetary Science, Cryosphere Education University of California, Los Angeles Ph.D., Geophysics and Space Physics, 2011 M.S., Geophysics and Space Physics, 2009 Florida Institute of Technology B.S., Double major in Physics & Space Science, 2005, Summa Cum Laude Employment University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Geophysics Research Scientist, September 2019 - Research Associate, September 2014 - August 2019 UTIG Postdoctoral Fellow, October 2011 - August 2014 University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Earth and Space Sciences Graduate Student Researcher, Advisor: Dr. Jonathan M. Aurnou, 2006-2011 California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences Summer Undergraduate Research Fellow, Dr. Joann M. Stock, 2005 NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, CA Consultant, Dr. Bonnie J. Buratti, 2006 Planetary Geology & Geophysics Undergrad Research Program, Dr. B.J. Buratti, 2004 Florida Institute of Technology, Department of Physics and Space Science Undergraduate Researcher, Dr. Niescja E. Turner, 2004-2005 Naval Oceanographic Office, Hydrology Code, Stennis Space Center, MS Physical science aid, 2003 Mission Experience Saturn Probe
    [Show full text]
  • Sprite Discharges on Venus and Jupiter‐Like Planets: a Laboratory Investigation D
    JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 115, A00E34, doi:10.1029/2009JA014851, 2010 Click Here for Full Article Sprite discharges on Venus and Jupiter‐like planets: A laboratory investigation D. Dubrovin,1 S. Nijdam,2 E. M. van Veldhuizen,2 U. Ebert,3,4 Y. Yair,5 and C. Price1 Received 30 August 2009; revised 5 December 2009; accepted 30 December 2009; published 11 June 2010. [1] Large sprite discharges at high atmospheric altitudes have been found to be physically similar to small streamer discharges in air at sea level density. Based on this understanding, we investigate possible sprite discharges on Venus or Jupiter‐like planets through laboratory experiments on streamers in appropriate CO2‐N2 and H2‐He mixtures. First, the scaling laws are experimentally confirmed by varying the density of the planetary gasses. Then, streamer diameters, velocities, and overall morphology are investigated for sprites on Venus and Jupiter; they are quite similar to those on Earth, but light emissions in the visible range are fainter by 2 orders of magnitude. The discharge spectra are measured; they are dominated by the minority species N2 on Venus and by the majority species H2 on Jupiter‐like planets. The spectrum of a fully developed spark on Venus is measured. We show that this spectrum is significantly different from the expected sprite spectrum. Citation: Dubrovin, D., S. Nijdam, E. M. van Veldhuizen, U. Ebert, Y. Yair, and C. Price (2010), Sprite discharges on Venus and Jupiter‐like planets: A laboratory investigation, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A00E34, doi:10.1029/2009JA014851. 1. Introduction newly generated electric fields are not screened immediately and appear up to the ionosphere.
    [Show full text]