Migratory Movements Statistics 2003 (Results Analysis)
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MIGRATORY MOVEMENT STATISTICS Results analysis 2003 Edition: Eustat Euskal Estatistika Erakundea Basque Statistics Institute Date: XI-2005 Publication: Eustat Euskal Estatistika Erakundea Basque Statistics Institute Donostia-San Sebastián, 1 - 01010 Vitoria-Gasteiz Internet: www.eustat.es © Administration of the Basque Country EUSKAL ESTATISTIKA ERAKUNDA INSTITUTO VASCO DE ESTADÍSTICA Results analysis MIGRATORY MOVEMENT STATISTICS 2003 INDEX GROSS GEOGRAPHIC MOBILITY INTER-REGIONAL MOBILITY NET MIGRATION RATE MOVEMENT AND MIGRATORY BALANCES GROSS EMIGRATION RATE IMPACT OF IMMIGRATION DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRANTS ORIGIN & DESTINATION OF MIGRANTS BY PROVINCE ORIGIN & DESTINATION OF MIGRANTS BY DISRICT & MUNICIPALITY ORIGIN & DESTINATION OF EXTRA-COMMUNITY MIGRATION RETURN MIGRATION FOREIGNER MIGRATION SIZE OF MUNICIPALITY OF ORIGIN AND DESTINATION INTRA-MUNICIPAL MIGRATION 1 EUSKAL ESTATISTIKA ERAKUNDA INSTITUTO VASCO DE ESTADÍSTICA Results analysis MIGRATORY MOVEMENT STATISTICS 2003 STATISTICS ON MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS 2003 Statistics on Migratory Movements make it possible to know the year to year movements that involve a change in habitual residence and take place within the territory of the A.C. of the Basque Country. Eustat has produced these statistics annually since 1988, thus enabling the analysis of recent trends in the migratory phenomenon in our Community. GROSS GEORGAPHIC MOBILITY During 2003 there were 173,734 changes in habitual residence in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country: Almost half the migratory movements, 84,117 to be precise, correspond to intra-municipal migration within the same municipal area. Internal or intra-community movement consists of residential variations whose origin and destination are in different municipalities in the A.C. of the Basque Country, and amounted to 38,934 moves. In addition, 28,437 external or extra-community immigrants are those whose municipality of origin is outside the Community and whose destination is the A.C. of the Basque Country. Finally, there were 22,216 external or extra-community emigrants, i.e. residential variations whose origin was in a municipality within the Community and whose destination was outside. In short, 8.2% of the population of the A.C. of the Basque Country changed their residence during 2003; 71% involved an intra-community movement compared with 29% that represented an extra- community movement. INTER-REGIONAL MOBILITY In 2003 there were 50,883 changes of habitual residence that took place in municipalities within the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country and the rest involved Communities in the State, in addition to foreign countries. External geographic mobility affected 24 out of every thousand inhabitants in the A.C. of the Basque Country during 2003. The population affected varies in each of the three provinces, Álava being the one that, despite registering the lowest number of external movements, has the highest incidence on its population, 30‰; followed by Bizkaia with 26‰ and Gipuzkoa where 18‰ of the population were affected by extra-community migration. With regards to trends over recent years, Álava is traditionally the province in which more population has been affected by external mobility. This external or extra-community mobility that takes place in the A.C. of the Basque Country is quite small when compared with the average for the autonomous communities in the Spanish state (where 35 out of every thousand inhabitants moved), or with the figures registered in the different regions in central and north European countries. 2 EUSKAL ESTATISTIKA ERAKUNDA INSTITUTO VASCO DE ESTADÍSTICA Results analysis MIGRATORY MOVEMENT STATISTICS 2003 Only in three of the countries in the European Union whose inter-regional migration data is available, Portugal, Italy and Finland to be precise, the average mobility between regions is lower than 21‰ inhabitants, as registered in the A.C. of the Basque Country. By contrast, there is a high incidence in migration between the regions in countries like: Netherlands (41‰), UK (36‰), Sweden (33‰), Germany (31‰), Belgium (31‰) or France (23‰). 1. Effect of interregional migration on European countries. Averages by countries (per 1,000 inhabitants) Portugal Italy Finland A.C. of the Basque Country France Spain Belgium Germany Sweden United Kingdom Netherlands 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 ‰ Source: EUROSTAT. Regions, annual statistics 1999. INE. Migrations 2001. NET MIGRATION RATE The net migration rate, i.e., the difference between immigration and emigration rates –calculated for a year and referring to the average population for that year – changed in our Community at the start of the decade of the eighties. We can see in detail in table 1 how the A.C. of the Basque Country has undergone a sharp decrease in the net migration rate over the last thirty years, since the 60s, changing from a Community that received immigrants to one that sent out emigrants. However, in the year 2000 the trend was reversed. The use of this rate is focused on the comparison of data relating to the different spatial units under study, regardless of their population size. In this way, despite the ups and downs observed in the migratory growth rate, the decrease is sharper in Álava and Bizkaia. However, figures for Álava are still positive, this being the province that has maintained a favourable migratory balance without interruption. 3 EUSKAL ESTATISTIKA ERAKUNDA INSTITUTO VASCO DE ESTADÍSTICA Results analysis MIGRATORY MOVEMENT STATISTICS 2003 TABLE 1: EVOLUTION OF THE NET MIGRACIÓN RATE (‰) A.C. of the Year Araba Bizkaia Gipuzkoa Basque Country 1988 -4.7 0.3 -5.5 -5.4 1989 -3.5 3.5 -4.9 -4.1 1990 -2.3 2.5 -3.4 -2.3 1991 -1.2 2.7 -2.3 -1.0 1992 -2.2 1.8 -3.3 -2.0 1993 -2.1 2.6 -2.9 -2.8 1994 -2.5 1.6 -3.6 -2.5 1995 -2.3 2.4 -3.4 -2.2 1996 -1.5 6.4 -2.7 -2.6 1997 -0.8 3.3 -2.0 -0.5 1998 -1.1 1.1 -2.0 -0.4 1999 -0.6 1.5 -1.5 0.1 2000 1.2 5.1 0.7 0.4 2001 3.4 8.1 2.9 2.2 2002 3.0 6.6 2.7 1.8 2003 3.0 5.2 3.3 1.4 Sources: INE. Migration (1965-1985). Eustat. Statistics on Migratory Movements (from 1988). The net migration rate of the A.C. of the Basque Country, which was 3‰ in 2003, stands five points below the average for all the autonomous communities together. Below average are the Communities of Navarre, Galicia, Castile–León and Extremadura (the latter with rates which are not above 2‰) in addition to the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla with negative rates. The autonomous communities that registered the highest rates are the Community of Valencia, Murcia and La Rioja, with over 18‰ in all cases. 4 EUSKAL ESTATISTIKA ERAKUNDA INSTITUTO VASCO DE ESTADÍSTICA Results analysis MIGRATORY MOVEMENT STATISTICS 2003 2. Net migration rate by Autonomous Community. 2003 (per 1,000 inhabitants) Ceuta and Melilla Extremadura Castilla-León Galicia Nafarroa / Navarra A.C. of the Basque Country Asturias Aragón Cantabria Catalonia Andalusia Balearic Islands Canary Islands Castilla-La Mancha Madrid Murcia La Rioja Community of Valencia -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 ‰ Data relating to other Communities does not include emigration abroad. Source: INE. Migration 2003. 3. Effect of the migratory balance by Autonomous Community. 2003. Asturias Cantabria A.C. of the Basque Country Galicia Nafarroa / Navarra La Rioja Castilla-León Catalonia Aragón Madrid Castilla-La Mancha C. of Valencia Extremadura Balearic Islands Murcia Andalusia Canary Islands >=1 ,01 Ceuta and Melilla 0,51/1,00 0/0,50 <=-0,01 Data relating to other Communities does not include emigration abroad. Source: INE. Migration 2003. 5 EUSKAL ESTATISTIKA ERAKUNDA INSTITUTO VASCO DE ESTADÍSTICA Results analysis MIGRATORY MOVEMENT STATISTICS 2003 MOVEMENTS AND MIGRATORY BALANCES The total migratory balance expresses the difference between arrivals and departures by change of residence occurring in our Community. In the year 2003 the A.C. of the Basque Country had a total migratory balance of 6,251 persons, i.e., 6,251 persons more came to the A.C. of the Basque Country than left. After 1988 the balance was always negative: between this year and 1991 there was a gradual reduction, almost 75%, however, this decrease slowed down over the following years and in 2000 it reversed in the A.C. of the Basque Country. TABLE 2: EVOLUTION OF MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS AND BALANCES Emigration Immigration Migratory balance Year Variation index Variation index Total Total Total (1988=100) (1988=100) 1988 18,103 100 8,014 100 -10,089 1989 17,633 97 10,120 126 -7,513 1990 15,771 87 10,930 136 -4,841 1991 14,751 81 12,140 151 -2,611 1992 13,668 76 9,006 112 -4,662 1993 14,096 78 9,554 119 -4,542 1994 16,179 89 10,809 135 -5,370 1995 16,130 89 11,316 141 -4,814 1996 14,356 79 11,299 141 -3,057 1997 14,234 79 12,496 156 -1,738 1998 16,585 92 14,372 179 -2,213 1999 17,291 96 16,103 201 -1,188 2000 17,462 96 20,022 250 2,560 2001 18,696 103 25,775 322 7,079 2002 19,730 109 25,967 324 6,237 2003 22,216 123 28,467 355 6,251 6 EUSKAL ESTATISTIKA ERAKUNDA INSTITUTO VASCO DE ESTADÍSTICA Results analysis MIGRATORY MOVEMENT STATISTICS 2003 Until 1991 the gradual reduction in balances was due both to the positive trends in immigration and emigration, as while emigration continued to decrease, immigration was on the increase. On the other hand, the number of arrivals to and departures from our Community continued to rise from 1992 until 1996, when the trend for both movements to converge reappeared.