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Religionsmonde.Pdf Croyances Rites Communauté Christianisme Religion monothéiste Réunion le dimanche 2,4 millards de fidèles en abrahamique pour la prière : la messe 2015 présents partout Foi chrétienne : Dieu (appelé culte pour dans dans le monde surtout père, Jésus Christ la protestantisme et le en Europe, Amérique, Le mystère de la trinité christianisme Afrique du Sud et (le Père, le Fils et l’Esprit évangélique) Océanie Saint ) Les lieux de cultes sont 3 principales Jesus Christ est le appelés églises ou confessions : Messie et le fils de Dieu, cathédrales - l’église orthodoxe : sa crucifixion et Pour les protestants ce 283,1 millions soit résurrection sont les temples 12% des chrétiens, ils Livre sacré : la Bible 7 principaux sont principalement Croyances en : sacrements : situés en Russie et - la Création - le baptême:c’est un Éthiopie et dans les - aux âmes et à leur rite de purification petits pays comme la rétribution symbolisant l’entrée Moldavie, la Grèce ou - à l’Enfer du baptisé dans la la Géorgie ils - au Paradis communauté représentent 87% - aux Anges (Michel, chrétienne - l’église catholique : Gabriel ou Raphaël) - l’eucharistie : c’est la moitié des chrétiens - aux séraphins célébration de la mort sont catholiques - au Jugement Dernier et de la résurrection 1,272 millard dont du Christ. Le baptisé 48% américains et le reçoit en symbole 24% européens d’union entre Dieu et - les Églises lui protestantes - la confirmation:c’est (luthériennes ou une célébration durant réformées et églises laquelle le croyant évangéliques ou annonce l’Évangile en libérales) : 37% des parole et en action chrétiens en 2011 soit - le sacrement du 800 millions de mariage : c’est l’union protestants sacrée entre deux croyants - le sacrements de l’ordre: c’est le rite liturgique qui intègre l’un des 3 ordre : celui des évêques, des prêtres ou des diacres - le sacrement de la réconciliation : il désigne une démarche sincère envers Dieu - le sacrement de l’onction des malades : c’est lors d’une aide spéciale au chrétien malade ou âgées. On leur applique de l’huile bénite sur le front et l’imposition des mains Sauf chez les protestants qui n’en pratiquent pas Islam Religion monothéiste Ablations 1,8 milliards de abrahamique traditionnelles : personnes soit 24% de Allah, dieu unique - la circoncision la population mondiale Livre sacré : Coran masculine présents en Afrique e Croyances en : - l'épilation des poils du l’ouest et du nord et au - Dieu pubis et des aisselles Moyen-Orient - les Anges et aux - le coupage des En France : 8,5 millions Djinn, ongles Le sunnisme : 90% des - les livres révélés de - la taille de la musulmans sont Dieu, moustache sunnites - aux prophètes (tels - la taille de la barbe Le chiisme : 10% des que Ibrahim, Tabous alimentaires : musulmans Moussa,Issa ou halal L’ibadisme : moins de Mahomet) et Lieux cultes et lieux 1% des musulmans messagers de saints : la Mecque, Dieu(Adam, Noé, Medine, Jérusalem, la Abraham, Ismaël, Mosquée Isaac, Jacob, Moïse et 5 prières quotidiennes Jesus) obligatoires : Fajr, - au jour du jugement Dhuhr, Asr, Magreb, (jour de la Ichâ résurrection) jeunes occasionnels - au Al-Qadar, c’est et le jeune du l’équivalent de la Ramadan, régime prédestination divine. halal El-Haji : le pèlerinage à la Mecque Fetes religieuses : - Aid Al-Fitr : c’est la fête de la rupture. Celle ci marque la fin du mois de Ramadan. - Aid Al-Kabir : c’est la fête des sacrifices ou également appelé la fête du mouton. Celle ci commémore le sacrifice d’Ismaël. - dhikr : c’est la remémoration, soit la prière rituelle que récitent les musulmans à la gloire de dieu dans le but d’atteindre la perfection spirituelle - Fatiha : C’est une sourate de 7 versets qui est mise en tête du Coran - Ramadan : C’est le neuvième mois lunaire du calendrier hégirien Hindouisme Religion polythéiste : Régime souvent 1,1 milliards de croyants Pulsars dieux qui sont la végétarien et végétalien dans la meme monde meme entité : le brahma Lieux de cultes : les Religion la plus Dieux hindous : temples répandue en Inde : 80% - Brahma : le dieu Fêtes hindoues : Maha des indiens sont hindous créateur Shivaratri et Bansant soit 900 millions de - Vishnou : le dieu Panchami personnes préservateur vie spirituelle divisée en La société hindous est - Shiva : dieu 4 étapes : divisée en 4 partie : destructeur - brahmacharya : c’est - les brahmanes : qui - Parvati : déesse la période de sont les prêtres, les épouse de Shiva l’éducation religieuse clercs et les - Ganesh : dieu - grihastha : c’est le fait enseignant de religion protecteur du foyer de suivre une vie - les Kshatriyas : qui 4 buts de l’existence active et mondaine sont les guerriers, les (pouroushartha) : - vanaprastha : c’est rois, et les - Kama : c’est le plaisir une étape de retraite administrateurs et le désir. Ils sont à matérielle et familiale - les Vaishyas : qui sont l’origine de la création - Samnyasa : c’est le les paysans, les - Artha : c’est la stade qui précède la commerçants et les postérité matérielle libération spirituelle : artisans qui sont le résultat la réincarnation. - les Shudras : ce sont d’un travail de les serviteurs soit l’Homme ceux qui obéissent - Dharma : c’est le aux classes devoir, celui ci guide supérieures. le croyant sur le devoir de sa vie. - Moksha : c’est la délivrance. Elle se passe lors des dernières étapes de la vie d’un hindous. C’est la préparation à la réincarnation Bouddhisme Philosophie avec Vénération au temple ou 623 millions de croyants comme guide spirituel : autel accompagné de la principalement en Asie le bouddha prosternation et de l’est Croyances en vers les d’offrandes Il existe : doctrines : célébrations - bouddhisme - le Dharma : elle est à bouddhistes :parinirvan, Theravada la base des chotrul duchen, magha - bouddhisme enseignements puja, hanamatsuri, fête Mahayana donnés par Bouddha du bain du bouddha, - bouddhisme - les trois joyaux : qui wesak : ce festival com, Vajrayana sont le Bouddha, le sangyepa duchen, o- - bouddhisme tibétain Dharma et le Sangha bon, asalha puja, soit les chokhor duchen, enseignements et les kathina, lhabab duchen, pratiquants bodhi - quatre nobles vérités : la vérité de la souffrance, la vérité de l’origine de la souffrance, la vérité de la cessation de la souffrance et enfin la vérité du chemin - les trois caractéristiques de l’existence : l’anatman (impersonnalité),l’anity a (impermanence) et le duhkha (souffrance).
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