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American Journal of Mining 1868-11-14: Vol 6 Iss 20

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American Journal of Mining 1868-11-14: Vol 6 Iss 20 1 NEW YORK, NOVEMBER 14, 1«6«. ture. The following lidTeDtages are claimed for thia plan:— base, and placed transversely to the Hne of road. In the event 1. The corrugated or fluted wrought iron columns, support¬ of mcoontering vaults under the'sidewa|ks,*tbe^ can be bed¬ ing the superstructure,'occupy no more space upon the outer ded half their length into division oellair^a}]^ the . other half That New York dty detiUnds immolate relief from annoy¬ margin of the sidewalk ihan is now taken up by awning- extending under the gutter and pavement, t Being at the side ances to which it is snl^tediby the present ill-conducted and posts, lamp-posts'and telegraph-'poles. With the elevated of the street, they offer little or no obstraotion to gas and over-crowded system of tramportation, is a fact conceded by railway built, all of those encumbmacesmay be removed fnm water pipes or sewers. 2. Upon each iron croi^head, fitted to the top of columns and hdd seonrely in its place by substantial yet ornamental brackets, is* placed a cross-tie of wood with intervening pads of India rubber, to deaden the noise, and prevent crystallin- tion and wear of iron from the content vi¬ brations wbkb, through a too rigid at- ■> tachment of parts, would be communi¬ cated from the movement of the cars, pp ' By a simple form of rail-chair, combinad with straps, bolts and nuts, the entire cross- head and rails at each column are firmly A JouKSAL OF MrP>*»NG, all; but upon what plan can a reform be best obtained? The {tho streets, and by an easy combination of attachments, abet- j clamped, with the use of only four bolts and nuts, thus spectacle which New York presents, of a population packed ter support for each is supplied. The form of these columns, i rendering the insertion of new ties, new pads, or new into cars as sardines in a box; of hours lost, where minutes as seen in Figs. 6 and 7, combine great .strength with sim-I iron cross-heads an easy matter. 8. The rails of wrought ebould suffice, in daily passing from home to labor; of streets plicity and symmetr}’ iu construction. They are formed with iron, with or without steel face, have a depth of twelve inches, choked by multitudes of vehicles, H moving often at snail’s pace, is dis- ■ graceful and insufferable. It is im- I possible that this state of things shall long continue. The need of increased facilities for dty travel is too great, and presses too sore upon all for longer delay on the subject. It is not a question of this or that company, but of the plan which will yield most speedy relief. The accompanying PNEUMATIC DlfPATOH.-FigS. 8, », 10. illustrations present several views of a system of Elevated Railways, proposed by Mr. E M. two corrugated plates riveted upon a centre plain plate, mak¬ admitting the use of car wbeala with a flange of four or more Barnch. Fig. 1 shows an elevation iu front of a block of ing a transverse section, seen in Fig. 7. These columns are inches, and are distingnisbed for ligbtnese, with safficimit buildinp, with a car upon the track. Fig. 2 shows the plan planted in cast iron bed-plates or sills, resting on compact strength to effectually sustain the weight of a loaded car. A of bracing and strengthening the structure, together with the earth, concrete, or rubble-work, and by mwns of two iron gystam of diagonal and lateral bracing, with iron saddla in¬ roof of a car and floor of balcony in front of station. Fig. 3 keys at the base, can at all times be plaeed in tn§ perpen¬ troduced between the rails and upon the tube or tubas akwg shows a croa section of the road and oar at one of the sta¬ dicular, rendering alignment of the road perfect. These sills, the centre of the track, renders this portion of the structurs tions. Figs. 4, 6, 8 and 7 shows some of the details of struc-, shown in Figs. 4 and 6, are about two by ten fset on thai^ as firm as a tnused bridge, 4. Ilia introduction of li^t and 4I elegantly-constructed cars, without cumbrous platform^ but stromcnt, Eimilar to those on the common Gnnter’s scale. wiih entrances through doors in the side, and with atnple rartlcal Writers. The sectorial lines are drawn twice on the same face of the in- seats for 86 passengers. There being on the elevated raiway 1 strumeut; that is to saj, each line is drawn on both legs. no possibility of collision with any vehicle <» the stres^ tbsss,, [WBITTSH FOR THE aKZRICXR SOURRAL OF lURlKO.] Those on each face are, cars may be made more like a phieton than like tbs present LESSON* ON MECHANICAL DRAWINO—No. ZVllL A scale of equal parts, marked L, style of Streeters, and as no mud nor bruising can reach A line of chords, marked C, them, thay tODsy be pusstwd exMrtally m cImb andmeat as A line of secants, marked S, a private caitktgc. 'Tentl^tiun is provided at bottom and A line of polygons, marked P, or Pol. top, as well^h through tha ends^d UDderoSlth tha seat^ These sectorial lines are marked on one face of the instru¬ Tto windows are aahrralisd Mfcsio oarelMS pnossagsr can ment ; and on the other there are the following: spit or drop a^ght upon the heads of persona below. In the A line of sines, marked S, sumnsar season these windows will be shaded by a projecting A line of tangents, marked T, awning er roof, giving an unobstractsd view to the A line of tangents to a less radius, marked t. streets and stations for all passengers. 6. Access to the cars This last line is intended to supply the defect of the former, in (ditained on*7 by stairs leading to station-rooms in the sec¬ and extends from about 46 to 75 degrees. ond story of buildings at frequent intervals along the route, The lines of chords, sines, tangents, and secants, but not the and from balconies at the front of each station, made with line of polygons, are numbered from the center, and are so floors on the same level with the floor of the cars. These . disposed as to form equal angles at the center: and it follows stairways will be always within the buildings, not exposed to , from this, that at whatever distance the sector is opened, the storm, snow or sun, direct from the sidewalk, and easy of access. Stations will become as well known as post-office, , angles which the lines' form, will always he respectively police or other public rooms. No collection of fares on the equal. The distance, therefore, between 10 and 10, on the care, but this duty performed at the entrance of stations. By ^ two lines marked L, will be equal to the distance of 60 and 60 this arrangement all fares will be collected with certainty and | ; on the two lines of chords, and also to 00 and 90 on the two despatch, and the responsibility shifted from a dozen men to one man. As no person can possibly ride without prepay¬ j lines of sines, etc., at any particular opening of the sector. ment, at the same time, facilities are created for excluding all ] Any extent measured with a pair of compasses, from the cen- drunken or lewd fellows, and preventing the introduction of 1 ter of the joint to any division on the sectorial lines, is called objectionable baskets and baggage. Gar thieves and pick¬ g a lateral dutanee ; and any extent taken from a point on the pockets will rarely operate here, because they will have no means of leaving the car, save through the stations and under e similar line on the other leg. u called a tranneru or parallel the Burvcilihnice of a station-master or a policeman. 6. By e dUtance. In the next lesson I shall proceed to explain the 'riaisOkr^^tRtform stoppages at given distances, cars can be e use of the sector, in so far as it is likely to be serviceable to ■ rviJilmuch higher average rate of spaed, and with less in- mechanics. vf time or distance than on any surface road. Up¬ town and down-town cars being on independent tracks, at [written fob TRR AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MIKINO.] lk hension of them. There are books [ 1 |j I I I explain the construction of Ml 111 I I the Ouuter’s scale and treatises on N instrumental arithmetic,which show THE STEAM JET. I ' 11 Hi n * utility of the slide rule. Your contributor, Mr. Rothwell, in his recent paper ■ 11 I We would refer the draughtsman to tells us that in Belgium : fi III these for all further information re- “ The steam Jet failed so signally in efficiency and economy, 11 EU U specting this part of his studies. that it is entirely rejected." 11 Is-fl I th^ useful instruments And no wonder, seeing the manner in which it had be>eu shown in the annexed engraving, Hi II applied. For though the British Commissioners, in reply -ji ^ which represents a Gunter’s Slide I'jJ I I to a question whether it hod been properly tried—and by ^ j* and Engineer’s Rule, as made by those who understood it—said : ^ 1^13 the Stanley Rule and Level " They should think that, with such a number of scientific men llJja Company.
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