Humanitarian Bulletin

Nigeria Issue 03 | 01 May 2013

In this issue

Humanitarian aid to Baga victims P.1

Report on fatalities and displacement P.1 HIGHLIGHTS Floods early warning; 32 states at risk P.3  At least 446 fatalities Improving data collection & IDP Profiling P.5 and 22,000 IDPs recorded in April from inter communal conflict, political crisis, disaster and insurgency.  32 out of 36 states in Nigeria expected to experience flooding in Humanitarian aid provided to victims of Borno 2013 State gun battle  296,500 children under- 5 estimated to be The Government of Nigeria has deployed the National Emergency Management Agency affected by severe acute (NEMA) and federal health agencies to liaise with the Borno State government to provide malnutrition in 2013 immediate relief; including medical support and food aid to people affected by the fighting  636 suspected Lassa at Baga, a north-eastern town along the shores of Lake Chad in Borno State, close to the Fever and 22,340 border with the Republic of Chad. suspected cases of Measles reported The fighting commenced on Friday18 April, between suspected insurgency groups and the Nigerian Security forces stationed in Baga. While figures on fatalities vary, the Borno North Senatorial District puts the death toll at 228 with 2,000 houses destroyed in the KEY FIGURES violence making it the worse in the series of violent incidents that has rocked the state this year. Much of the town remains deserted after the fighting which also reportedly Nb. of children <5 296 500 estimated affected displaced 10,000 people. NEMA has set up 10 camps in Baga to provide relief assistance by SAM in 2013 to the internally displaced persons. The Nigerian Red Cross is also supporting response efforts.

Nb. of children <5 910 516 estimated affected by MAM in 2013 Tracking of fatalities and displacement from

conflict and insecurity

FUNDING Number of fatalities January to April 2013 Nigeria’s National Emergency Management 563 Agency (NEMA) continues to track and monitor 446 IDPs and fatalities from inter-communal conflict 6.5 m and insurgency across the country. Received from CREF to 173 51 respond to flooding A consolidation of the figures from the NEMA

Jan-13 Apr-13 Situation Room, the media and community groups brings the number of fatalities from inter- US$30.9 m Source: NEMA communal conflict, political crisis insurgency and Projected for Sahel response in 2013 disasters to 446 for the month of April. This is slightly less than the figure recorded for March, but higher than the figures for January and February. Fatalities from inter- (Source: 2013 Food-Security communal conflict, flood disasters and insurgency for the last four months (January, Strategy and Action Plan For The Sahel In Nigeria) February, March and April) total 1,233. The recorded IDP figure from conflict over the four months is 37,746.

www.unocha.un.org/rowca | www.unocha.org For updates on the Sahel response, follow @OCHARowca http://sahelnow.blogspot.com, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives

For the month of April, 155 fatalities were recorded from inter-communal conflict and 282 from insurgency. There have been a total of 22,000 new displacements in the month of April: 12,000 due to inter-communal clashes and 10,000 due to insurgency attacks.

Total number of fatalities per State (April 2013) Number of fatalities by Category (April 2013)

Bornu 192 Insurgency Kaduna 48 Communal conflict Plateau 40 Other Benue 37 Kano 27 Calabar 17 Taraba 16 155 Anambra 14 282 Bayelsa 14 Delta 13 Adamawa 11 Yobe 9 Source: NEMA Jigawa 5 Edo 2 Maiduguri 1 Ogun 0

Source: NEMA

Victims of 2011 election violence compensated President Goodluck Jonathan on 25 April approved US$34.5 million (N5.7bn) as compensation for victims of the 2011 post-presidential election violence that affected some states of the federation.

Victims from 9 states (Bauchi, Sokoto, Zamfara, Niger, Jigawa, Katsina, Kano, Adamawa, and Akwa Ibom) of the 14 states affected by violence will benefit from the 1st phase of the compensation. Assessment of damages and losses is yet to be carried out in the other five states affected (Borno, Yobe, Gombe, Kaduna and Nassarrawa States).

The compensation ranges from $290,000 to $10.5million per state. The recommendation to compensate the victims for their losses was part of the report by the panel of enquiry formed shortly after the 2011 election violence.

Although the April 2011 Presidential election was hailed as among the fairest in Nigeria’s history, deadly communal violence in northern Nigeria following the elections left more than 800 people dead in three days of rioting in 12 northern states.

More States at risk of flooding; NIHSA predicts Early this year, the Nigerian Meteorological Agency 2013 Seasonal Rainfall Prediction (SRP) indicated that high rainfalls leading to flooding are to be expected in some parts of the country. The 2013 Annual Flood Outlook (AFO) recently released by the Nigerian Hydrological Services Agency (NIHSA) has confirmed NIMET’s forecast.

The AFO reveals that apart from Ekiti, Enugu, Katsina, Imo, Abia States and Federal Capital Territory (FCT), all other states in Nigeria are likely to experience significant flooding in 2013.

www.unocha.org/rowca | www.unocha.org For updates on the Sahel response, follow @ocharowca http://sahelnow.blogspot.com, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives 2

The report was based on the findings from a Technical Committee set up by NIHSA to assess the Flood Outlook for 2013 in Nigeria. The committee adopted simple empirical techniques of relating flood factors referenced to 2012 data and flood extent in combination with spatial analysis to assess the flood outlook for 2013 based on NIMET’s 2013 SRP data.

With regard to river flooding, the most affected areas are expected to be in the Komadugu Yobe Basin and the Niger and Benue troughs. The peak floods at the confluence of Rivers Niger and Benue to the Niger Delta are also expected to be as high as the 2012 floods.

With regard to coastal flooding, the most affected areas are expected to be in Kogi, Edo, Delta and Anambra States, the Coastal Delta States of Bayelsa, Rivers and Delta and some States in the Southwest such as Ondo, Ogun, and Lagos. Also flash floods are expected in major urban centres of Lagos, Port Harcourt, Kano, Yola, Onitsha, Oshogbo, Ibadan, except where urban drainage facilities may have been cleared of debris and waste dumps.

NIHSA’s Director General has encouraged the government to promote a culture of proactive prevention and to change the operating paradigm from emergency response to flood risk management in order to minimize the impact of events.

As part of efforts to minimise the impact of the floods, he has also recommended that the major reservoirs on the Komadugu, Yobe Basin and the Niger and Benue basins be lowered in May and June in order to accommodate flood water arriving in July. He also advised the governments at federal and state levels to build awareness on the need for communities to relocate to safer terrain. He emphasized the need to develop flood modelling and early warning systems with current trends in climate and weather change. Lastly, he underlined the importance of a comprehensive flood hazard map for all areas considered at risk of flooding in the country.

Government intensifies monitoring of Lassa fever, Measles and Cholera The Federal and State Ministries of Health in collaboration with WHO, continue to monitor and respond to outbreaks of Lassa fever, Measles and Cholera in Nigeria.

Cumulatively from week 1-16 (January to April 2013) 636 suspected Lassa Fever cases with 26 deaths (Case Fertility Rate (CFR) 4.1%) were reported from 22 Local Government Areas in 11 States. 135 cases have been confirmed through lab-testing. In week 16, no new cases were reported. WHO has advised on the re-enforcement of clinical sensitization, public awareness on preventive measures, active surveillance and case management in all the affected areas

During the same reporting period, a total of 22,340 suspected cases of measles were reported from 656 LGAs within 36 States and the FCT. 20,090 cases from 508 LGAs were later confirmed by the lab-testing and 186 cases died (CFR 0.93%).

The age group most affected was 9-59months (77%). Eighty nine per cent of cases did not receive measles vaccine. WHO is providing technical support to health teams to intensify response measures which include non-selective vaccination of 6-59 months old children, active surveillance, and case management including vitamin A supplementation

Between weeks 1-16 (January to April, 2013), three suspected cholera cases were reported with one death. This is an improvement from the same period last year were 220 cases and four deaths had been reported. WHO has also advised health authorities at the national, State and LGA levels to heighten active surveillance and intensify community health education on prevention and control measures.

Strengthening data collection and IDP profiling

Mapping of IDPs remains a challenge in the country. In July 2012, due to torrential rainfall as well as the release of water from the Lagdo dam in neighboring Cameroon, many coastal and inland cities in Nigeria witnessed unprecedented floods which submerged about a third of the country; setting off a large scale humanitarian crisis. According to statistics from NEMA, more than 300 lives were lost and 7.4 million Nigerians were displaced as at November 2012.

The government has been committed to strengthening registration and mapping of IDPs. IOM Information Management Expert training staff of NCR on Data Tracking Matrix for IDPs Due to the fact that many IDPs also seek shelter and support from family and friends in times of disasters, the numbers of IDPs are usually more than those reported in camps.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is supporting the capacity of the relevant government agencies such as the National Commission for Refugees, Migrants and IDPs (NCFRMI) and the NEMA in collecting, collating and analyzing data on IDPs to influence humanitarian response and coordination.

Through training sessions, NCFRMI and NEMA staffs were introduced to IOM’s Data Tracking Matrix (DTM). The Data Tracking Matrix is a participatory tool which gathers information on numbers and conditions of displacement; disaggregated along demographics, initial sector/cluster needs, cluster sectoral assistance, movement and remaining cluster needs in other to inform humanitarian response.

Sectoral Needs and Response: The UN, INGOs and the Red Cross Movement, in partnership with the government have continued to provide humanitarian assistance to the population affected by the 2012 flooding.

FOOD SECURITY

Flood Response:  To ensure that the families that were affected by the flood disaster in 2012 have access to seedlings for the planting season, Oxfam has distributed 30,989 cassava stems to 3,133 cassava farmers across four target communities namely: Aviara, Idheze, Enwhe, Uzere in Isoko South in Delta state. In addition, the farmers received 500 bags of fertilizer and were trained in extension services.

 A recent assessment by OXFAM in Bassa LGA reveals that some of the affected families have not commenced planting due to lack of seedlings.

WATER SANITATION HYGIENE

 With support from IFRC, the Nigerian Red Cross Society (NRCS) has built 25 household emergency latrines in Edo state. IFRC has prepositioned Water and sanitation kit 5 for the treatment of up to 75,000 litres of water and its distribution for up to 5,000 beneficiaries.

 As part of the NRCS support to the flood affected population, 215 community based volunteers were deployed to provide 7,096 households (49,672 beneficiaries) with health and hygiene promotion messages, and 3,659 households (25,613 beneficiaries) with water treatment (HHWT). Additional 24,059 flood affected beneficiaries were provided with hygiene messages in 10 communities in 3 states (Delta, Edo and Kogi).

 Oxfam has continued to provide WASH materials to mitigate the impact of the flood disaster in 2012. Oxfam has provided water treatment, dislodging and disinfection of water points; distribution of hygiene kits; repairs to sanitation in schools and health centres in Bassa LGA and Isoko South LGA in Kogi and Delta States respectively. Oxfam has also trained16 community members across 8 LGA as hygiene promoters and 40 distribution teams across 20 LGAs in Kogi and Delta States. In addition, Hygiene promotion sessions have been carried out in 18 communities in Bassa and 7 communities in Delta state. Water Quality monitoring has been carried out on existing wells in 4 communities in Bassa LGA.

HEALTH

 NRCS volunteers have conducted awareness and sensitization on malaria prevention and control, diarrhoeal diseases in children, hand washing and treatment using Oral Rehydration (ORS) in flood affected communities across nine states. The NRCS volunteers have supplied ORS to 22,009 beneficiaries (3,446 children, 9,126 male and 9,437 female) in 9 states including Adamawa, Anambra, Benue, Delta, Edo, Kogi, Niger, Plateau and Rivers states.

SHELTER

 NRCS has supported over 3,950 flood affected families with basic NFIs, and 3,537 families with emergency shelter kit. NRCS has trained 85 volunteers from 10 states on the use of emergency shelter kits and has registered 100 households for recovery shelter in 3 communities in Kogi state.

ACTIVITIES/STRATEGY

TRAINING

 In a bid to build the capacity of relevant institutions and improve migration data management in Nigeria, IOM organized a three-day workshop in partnership with the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Observatory on Migration.

 The participants were trained on best practices for generating migration data, analysis and dissemination as well as migration data management techniques. Issues such as Labour Migration, Diaspora Remittances and development and other migration related issues were also discussed during the workshop.

 The workshop presented representatives of the various institutions an opportunity to interact with one another, address their various organizational challenges and explore areas of collaboration in the area of migration data management.

For further information, please contact: Choice Okoro, OCHA Nigeria, Head of Humanitarian Advisory Team, [email protected], Tel. (234) 81 669 53 847 Ajayi Ayobamidele, OCHA Nigeria, Humanitarian Affairs Officer, [email protected], Tel. (234) 81 071 18 472 OCHA Humanitarian Bulletins are available at www.unocha.org/rowca | www.unocha.org | www.reliefweb.int