Humanitarian Bulletin Nigeria Issue 03 | 01 May 2013 In this issue Humanitarian aid to Baga victims P.1 HIGHLIGHTS Report on fatalities and displacement P.1 Floods early warning; 32 states at risk P.3 At least 446 fatalities Improving data collection & IDP Profiling P.5 and 22,000 IDPs recorded in April from inter communal conflict, political crisis, disaster and insurgency. 32 out of 36 states in Nigeria expected to experience flooding in Humanitarian aid provided to victims of Borno 2013 State gun battle 296,500 children under- 5 estimated to be The Government of Nigeria has deployed the National Emergency Management Agency affected by severe acute (NEMA) and federal health agencies to liaise with the Borno State government to provide malnutrition in 2013 immediate relief; including medical support and food aid to people affected by the fighting 636 suspected Lassa at Baga, a north-eastern town along the shores of Lake Chad in Borno State, close to the Fever and 22,340 border with the Republic of Chad. suspected cases of Measles reported The fighting commenced on Friday18 April, between suspected insurgency groups and the Nigerian Security forces stationed in Baga. While figures on fatalities vary, the Borno North Senatorial District puts the death toll at 228 with 2,000 houses destroyed in the KEY FIGURES violence making it the worse in the series of violent incidents that has rocked the state this year. Much of the town remains deserted after the fighting which also reportedly Nb. of children <5 296 500 estimated affected displaced 10,000 people. NEMA has set up 10 camps in Baga to provide relief assistance by SAM in 2013 to the internally displaced persons. The Nigerian Red Cross is also supporting response efforts. Nb. of children <5 910 516 estimated affected by MAM in 2013 Tracking of fatalities and displacement from conflict and insecurity FUNDING Number of fatalities January to April 2013 Nigeria’s National Emergency Management 563 Agency (NEMA) continues to track and monitor 446 IDPs and fatalities from inter-communal conflict 6.5 m and insurgency across the country. Received from CREF to 173 51 respond to flooding A consolidation of the figures from the NEMA Jan-13 Apr-13 Situation Room, the media and community groups brings the number of fatalities from inter- US$30.9 m Source: NEMA communal conflict, political crisis insurgency and Projected for Sahel response in 2013 disasters to 446 for the month of April. This is slightly less than the figure recorded for March, but higher than the figures for January and February. Fatalities from inter- (Source: 2013 Food-Security communal conflict, flood disasters and insurgency for the last four months (January, Strategy and Action Plan For The Sahel In Nigeria) February, March and April) total 1,233. The recorded IDP figure from conflict over the four months is 37,746. www.unocha.un.org/rowca | www.unocha.org For updates on the Sahel response, follow @OCHARowca http://sahelnow.blogspot.com, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives For the month of April, 155 fatalities were recorded from inter-communal conflict and 282 from insurgency. There have been a total of 22,000 new displacements in the month of April: 12,000 due to inter-communal clashes and 10,000 due to insurgency attacks. Total number of fatalities per State (April 2013) Number of fatalities by Category (April 2013) Bornu 192 Insurgency Kaduna 48 Communal conflict Plateau 40 Other Benue 37 Kano 27 Calabar 17 Taraba 16 155 Anambra 14 282 Bayelsa 14 Delta 13 Adamawa 11 Yobe 9 Source: NEMA Jigawa 5 Edo 2 Maiduguri 1 Ogun 0 Source: NEMA Victims of 2011 election violence compensated President Goodluck Jonathan on 25 April approved US$34.5 million (N5.7bn) as compensation for victims of the 2011 post-presidential election violence that affected some states of the federation. Victims from 9 states (Bauchi, Sokoto, Zamfara, Niger, Jigawa, Katsina, Kano, Adamawa, and Akwa Ibom) of the 14 states affected by violence will benefit from the 1st phase of the compensation. Assessment of damages and losses is yet to be carried out in the other five states affected (Borno, Yobe, Gombe, Kaduna and Nassarrawa States). The compensation ranges from $290,000 to $10.5million per state. The recommendation to compensate the victims for their losses was part of the report by the panel of enquiry formed shortly after the 2011 election violence. Although the April 2011 Presidential election was hailed as among the fairest in Nigeria’s history, deadly communal violence in northern Nigeria following the elections left more than 800 people dead in three days of rioting in 12 northern states. More States at risk of flooding; NIHSA predicts Early this year, the Nigerian Meteorological Agency 2013 Seasonal Rainfall Prediction (SRP) indicated that high rainfalls leading to flooding are to be expected in some parts of the country. The 2013 Annual Flood Outlook (AFO) recently released by the Nigerian Hydrological Services Agency (NIHSA) has confirmed NIMET’s forecast. The AFO reveals that apart from Ekiti, Enugu, Katsina, Imo, Abia States and Federal Capital Territory (FCT), all other states in Nigeria are likely to experience significant flooding in 2013. www.unocha.org/rowca | www.unocha.org For updates on the Sahel response, follow @ocharowca http://sahelnow.blogspot.com, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives 2 The report was based on the findings from a Technical Committee set up by NIHSA to assess the Flood Outlook for 2013 in Nigeria. The committee adopted simple empirical techniques of relating flood factors referenced to 2012 data and flood extent in combination with spatial analysis to assess the flood outlook for 2013 based on NIMET’s 2013 SRP data. With regard to river flooding, the most affected areas are expected to be in the Komadugu Yobe Basin and the Niger and Benue troughs. The peak floods at the confluence of Rivers Niger and Benue to the Niger Delta are also expected to be as high as the 2012 floods. With regard to coastal flooding, the most affected areas are expected to be in Kogi, Edo, Delta and Anambra States, the Coastal Delta States of Bayelsa, Rivers and Delta and some States in the Southwest such as Ondo, Ogun, and Lagos. Also flash floods are expected in major urban centres of Lagos, Port Harcourt, Kano, Yola, Onitsha, Oshogbo, Ibadan, except where urban drainage facilities may have been cleared of debris and waste dumps. NIHSA’s Director General has encouraged the government to promote a culture of proactive prevention and to change the operating paradigm from emergency response to flood risk management in order to minimize the impact of events. As part of efforts to minimise the impact of the floods, he has also recommended that the major reservoirs on the Komadugu, Yobe Basin and the Niger and Benue basins be lowered in May and June in order to accommodate flood water arriving in July. He also advised the governments at federal and state levels to build awareness on the need for communities to relocate to safer terrain. He emphasized the need to develop flood modelling and early warning systems with current trends in climate and weather change. Lastly, he underlined the importance of a comprehensive flood hazard map for all areas considered at risk of flooding in the country. Government intensifies monitoring of Lassa fever, Measles and Cholera The Federal and State Ministries of Health in collaboration with WHO, continue to monitor and respond to outbreaks of Lassa fever, Measles and Cholera in Nigeria. Cumulatively from week 1-16 (January to April 2013) 636 suspected Lassa Fever cases with 26 deaths (Case Fertility Rate (CFR) 4.1%) were reported from 22 Local Government Areas in 11 States. 135 cases have been confirmed through lab-testing. In week 16, no new cases were reported. WHO has advised on the re-enforcement of clinical sensitization, public awareness on preventive measures, active surveillance and case management in all the affected areas During the same reporting period, a total of 22,340 suspected cases of measles were reported from 656 LGAs within 36 States and the FCT. 20,090 cases from 508 LGAs were later confirmed by the lab-testing and 186 cases died (CFR 0.93%). The age group most affected was 9-59months (77%). Eighty nine per cent of cases did not receive measles vaccine. WHO is providing technical support to health teams to intensify response measures which include non-selective vaccination of 6-59 months old children, active surveillance, and case management including vitamin A supplementation Between weeks 1-16 (January to April, 2013), three suspected cholera cases were reported with one death. This is an improvement from the same period last year were 220 cases and four deaths had been reported. WHO has also advised health authorities at the national, State and LGA levels to heighten active surveillance and intensify community health education on prevention and control measures. www.unocha.org/rowca | www.unocha.org For updates on the Sahel response, follow @ocharowca http://sahelnow.blogspot.com, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives 3 Strengthening data collection and IDP profiling Mapping of IDPs remains a challenge in the country. In July 2012, due to torrential rainfall as well as the release of water from the Lagdo dam in neighboring Cameroon, many coastal and inland cities in Nigeria witnessed unprecedented floods which submerged about a third of the country; setting off a large scale humanitarian crisis. According to statistics from NEMA, more than 300 lives were lost and 7.4 million Nigerians were displaced as at November 2012.