Trasbourg, 11 February 2020 T-PVS/DE (2020) 7 [De07e 2020.Docx]

Strasbourg, 11 February 2020 T-PVS/DE (2020) 7 [de07e_2020.docx] CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF EUROPEAN WILDLIFE AND NATURAL HABITATS Standing Committee 40th meeting Strasbourg, 1-4 December 2020 __________ REPORT ON THE SPOT EXPERT APPRAISAL OF THE SASSO FRATINO INTEGRAL RESERVE (ITALY) 22-23 July 2019 Document prepared by Mr Peter Skoberne (Slovenia) This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. Ce document ne sera pas distribué en réunion. Prière de vous munir de cet exemplaire. T-PVS/DE (2020) 7 -2- Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 3 2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 4 3. EUROPEAN INTEREST ............................................................................................................. 6 4. CONSERVATION MEASURES ............................................................................................... 10 5. MANAGEMENT ....................................................................................................................... 11 5.1 Institutional arrangements ............................................................................................... 11 5.2 Management Plan ............................................................................................................ 11 5.3 Financial matters ............................................................................................................. 11 5.4 Research and monitoring ................................................................................................. 11 5.5 Natural resources management ....................................................................................... 12 6. REVIEW OF THE RENEWAL ASSETS .................................................................................. 12 7. WORLD HERITAGE AND EUROPEAN DIPLOMA ............................................................. 15 8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................... 15 -3- T-PVS/DE (2020) 7 1. INTRODUCTION The European Diploma for Protected Areas was awarded to the Sasso Fratino Reserve in 1985 (Res(85)12) and renewed 5 times (1990 - Res(90)11; 1995 - Res(95)12; 2000 - ResDIP(2000)6; 2005 - ResDip(2005)2 and 2010 - CM/ResDip(2010)12). The last renewal expires on 21 September 2020. For the next renewal an on-the-spot appraisal was undertaken in 2019. I visited the area from 22 to 23 July 2019. Despite the limited time, the visit was very well organised by the Reparto Biodiversità di Pratovecchio which is responsible for the site management. I would like to thank the organisers of the visit, in particular Ten. Col. Magg. Paola Ciampelli, as well as all active participants for the helpful, competent, enthusiastic and very open assistance during the on-the- spot-appraisal mission: Reparto Biodiversità Di Pratovecchio Military Personnel List Paola Ciampelli, Matteo Padula, Barbara Rossi, Stefano Tacconi, Antonio Zoccola, Maurizio Nanni, Sandro Marsella, Loris Gelli, Silvia Bertinelli. Assistance Staff Angelo Lamberti, Gabriele Talenti, Albano Amadori, Massimo Betti, Roberto Branchetti, Marusca Tomeo, Valerio Mazzoli, Esterina Giovannini, Alessandro Brezzi, Marco Gonnelli. 22nd July 2019: Pratovecchio – meeting with representatives of stakeholders and researchers Representatives - Marco Baccini, Mayor of the municipality of Bagno di Romagna - Carlo Toni, Mayor of the municipality of Poppi - Serena Stefani, Representative of Mayor of the municipality of Pratovecchio - Stia - Carlo Pedrazzoli, Pro tempore director of National Park - Davide Alberti, Official of National Park - Marco Mencucci, Commander of Reparto Carabinieri Parco T-PVS/DE (2020) 7 -4- - Fabio Clauser, Head office from 1955 to 1973 - Beatrice Brezzi e Ivana Grofi, Unione dei Comuni Montani del Casentino - Alberto Conti, WWF Forlì – Cesena President - Stefano Gotti, WWF Forlì - Daniele Zavalloni, GUFI – Gruppo Unitario per le Foreste Italiane - Maura Lucatello, park guide - Matteo Ruocco, volunteers tutor - Tito Manlio Pepe, Interpreter - Vittoria Barolo, Artur Sannikov, Gabriele Beccacece - Volunteers Researchers - Alfredo Di Filippo, Forest - Università degli Studi della Tuscia di Viterbo - Chiara Lelli, Naturalist - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna - Sandro Piazzini, Biologist - Università di Siena - Vincenzo Gonnelli, Botanist - Guido Tellini Florenzano, Ornithologist - Marco Lucchesi, Biologist - Filippo Frizzi, Biologist - Università di Firenze - Dino Scaravelli, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna - Gianni Pavan, Roberta Righini – Università di Pavia - Matteo Ruocco, Naturalist At his occasion representatives of main interest groups and in particular researchers gave a very intensive and informative overview of the protected area. A special privilege was to meet prof. Fabio Clauser who was the main player behind the idea of the first protection in 1959. When I asked him, what was the main reason for this action, he simply replied: “Belleza, belleza!” 22nd July 2019: Sasso Fratino “Cullacce – Pian Del Pero” - Matteo Padula, Antonio Zoccola, Loris Gelli - Angelo Lamberti, Gabriele Talenti, Albano Amadori, Massimo Betti - Alfredo Di Filippo, Chiara Lelli, Vincenzo Gonnelli, Marco Lucchesi, Roberta Righini, Gianni Pavan, Maura Lucatello - Tito Manlio Pepe, Interpreter - Vittoria Barolo, Artur Sannikov, Gabriele Beccacece - Volunteers 23rd July 2019: Sasso Fratino “Poggio Scali – Fonte Del Maresciallo-Ponte Alla Sega” - Matteo Padula, Antonio Zoccola, Loris Gelli, Barbara Rossi, Enrico Rinaldi (Mayor of Florence) - Alfredo Di Filippo, Vincenzo Gonnelli, Marco Lucchesi, Roberta Righini, Gianni Pavan, Stefano Gotti, Daniele Zavalloni, Maura Lucatello, Paola Fazzi, Leonardo Rosini - Tito Manlio Pepe, Sara Tironi, Elisabetta Pigni, Leonardo Crocenzi, (volunteers) - Angelo Lamberti, Valerio Mazzoli, Ester Giovannini, Marco Gonnelli (Lama). 2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Sasso Fratino Integral Reserve is situated in the Northern part of Apennines in Emilia Romagna Province at the border with Toscana. It is on the eastern part of the ridge that is dividing Adriatic and Tyrrhenian watershed. The whole reserve is in Emilia Romagna and within the Adriatic watershed. -5- T-PVS/DE (2020) 7 Figure 1: Topographic situation of the Sasso Fratino Integral Reserve The reserve is at rather steep slope facing North and North-East between 650 m (Ponte di Campo alla Sega) and 1,520 m (Poggio Scali) with erosion side valleys of torrents. The subsoil are flysh rocks, where arenaceous marl is alternating with banks of sandstone. Layers are inclined towards the bottom of the valley, thus smaller or larger landslides can occur. There were two larger landslides: Frana Vecchia and Frana Nuova (1993) and several smaller ones. The ecological conditions are very diverse ranging from very extreme on steep slopes with thin layer of soil to rich substrate on more flat areas. An additional reason for diversity is that in this area the Alpine and Apennine Province are meeting. Therefore, it is for many Alpine species the southernmost localities and some Apennine species are coming to their northern border of distribution. The vertical distribution in Sasso Fratino presents mainly two large vegetation forest types: mixed beech and pine forests between 800 and 1300 m and oak woods interspersed with other deciduous varieties bellow 800 m. The conditions along the upper part of the ridge are very extreme in climatic (cloud forest) and edafic (steep slopes, thin soil level, landslides) aspect. Here we can see very old trees (about 500 years), not very big, but with typical habitus resulting in brunchy tee crowns. The main Apennine ridge is oriented North-South, the western side being under influence of the Tyrrhenian Sea, while the Eastern is influenced by the Adriatic. This natural border is now used as political border between Emilia – Romagna and Toscana. However, despite of different political settings in the past, there is a difference in historical forest use on both sides. On the West side fir plantations of Benedictine monks were practised, while on the Eastern side char coal production and management of beech forests was more common. Since 1959 there are no economic activities in this area. Thus, the forest of the integral reserve is not a virgin forest, but a very nice example of secondary nature forest that is regenerating in a complete natural way. That orientation should remain. T-PVS/DE (2020) 7 -6- Figure 2: Gradual enlargement of the Sasso Fratino Integral Reserve. 3. EUROPEAN INTEREST The justification of the European interest in the application (1983) was stressing the naturalness of the area: “Sasso Fratino has remained in the admirable condition in which we find it today because it is a long way from any main roads and is set in impassable terrain. Forest ecosystems as close to nature as those found at Sasso Fratino are extremely rare, not only in Italy but throughout western Europe. Sasso Fratino is extraordinarily interesting not only from the scientific but also from the aesthetic point of view, owing to its wide variety of species, the complexity and composition of the vegetation and the majesty of its ancient trees.” This character is still present as the management measures are keeping this area out of any exploitation and tourist visit. Visits are limited to research

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