DOCSLIB.ORG

20. Common Sense 21

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
20. Common Sense 21 HONORS US HISTORY Honors US History Chapter 8-America Secedes from the Empire A. Schedule: 9-15-14 to 9-19-14 1. Monday-Chapter discussion 2. Tuesday-Chapter discussion, work on items 3. Wednesday-Chapter discussion, terms due, partner work with questions 4. Thursday-Study questions due, discuss in class 5. Friday-OUT B. Chapter Learning Objectives: 1. Describe how America moved from engaging in military hostilities with Britain even while proclaiming loyalty after declaring its independence. 2. Explain the principle of “republicanism” developed by Thomas Paine and other American leaders. 3. Explain the specific reasons and general principles used in the Declaration of Independence to justify America’s separation. 4. Explain why some Americans remained loyal to Britain and what happened to them during and after the Revolution. 5. Describe how the British attempt to crush the Revolution quickly was foiled, especially by the Battle of Saratoga. 6. Describe the military and political obstacles Washington and his generals had to overcome before the final victory at Yorktown. 7. Describe the terms of the Treaty of Paris and explain how America was able to achieve such a stunning diplomatic victory. C. Vocabulary: (Define in the context of only 1775-1783) 1. George Washington 2. William Howe 3. Nathanial Greene 4. Benedict Arnold 5. John Burgoyne 6. Charles Cornwallis 7. Thomas Paine 8. Barry St. Leger 9. George Rogers Clark 10. Richard Henry Lee 11. Horatio Gates 12. John Paul Jones 13. Thomas Jefferson 14. Marquis de Lafayette 15. Admiral de Grasse 16. Patrick Henry 17. Comte de Rochambeau 18. John Jay 19. Second Continental Congress 20. Common Sense 21. Declaration of Independence 22. Loyalists/Tories 23. Patriots/Whigs 24. Treaty of Paris, 1783 D. Study Questions: (Answer fully using specific details when applicable) 1. Why was the Battle of Saratoga such a key to American success in the Revolutionary War? 2. What were the causes and consequences of the American Declaration of Independence in 1776? Honors US History P a g e | 1 3. Describe the different courses of the Revolutionary War in New England, the middle Atlantic states, and the South. What role did the battles in each region play in the eventual American victory? 4. Why did Americans choose not only to break from Britain, but to adopt a republican form of government in 1776? What republican ideas did they share, and what did they disagree about? 5. Who were the Loyalists, what role did they play during the Revolution, and what happened to them afterward? 6. What role did France play in winning America’s independence? 7. How does the American Revolution fit into the series of “world wars” described in Chapter 6? 8. What were the main ideas behind Thomas Paine’s Common Sense? What can account for its widespread reception? 9. Colonists had debated with Parliament and protested its actions since 1763. Why, then, did the Declaration of Independence single out King George III as the tyrant threatening their liberties? Honors US History P a g e | 2 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Question Report
    Revolutionary War Review Page 1 1 Who created the image seen to the right? A John Adams B Thomas Jefferson C Ben Franklin 2 When was the image to the right published for the first time? A 1754 B 1763 C 1776 3 Which of the following best describes the intent of the cartoon seen below? A The colonies should support the British B The colonies would be stronger united C Snakes are evil and should be killed 4 English writer John Locke wrote about... A Natural Rights B Navigation C Door Locks D Scientific Methods 1/16/2013 9:00:26 AM Revolutionary War Review Page 2 5 This young African-American became a famous poet during the years of our revolution, and even Washington became a big fan of her writing. A Phyllis Wheatley B Eliza Lucas Pinckney C Molly Pitcher D Francois de Grasse 6 What increased political awareness in the colonies during the mid-1700's? A Television Commercials B Radio Commercials C Newspapers D Public Speeches 7 Who introduce the resolution to the Continental Congress to declare independence? A Richard Henry Lee B Thomas Jefferson C John Adams D Benjamin Franklin 8 Where did Washington attack the Hessians on Christmas... after crossing the icy Delaware River? A Princeton B Saratoga C New York D Trenton 9 Who led the Patriots to victory at the Battle of Cowpens in South Carolina? A Molly Pitcher B Daniel Morgan 10 Washington and his troops spent a harsh winter here during the winter of 1777 - 1778. A Trenton B Saratoga C Valley Forge D Yorktown 11 In the 1750's, the British sent G.
    [Show full text]
  • The Time Trial of Benedict Arnold 1 National Museum of American History
    The Time Trial of Benedict Arnold 1 National Museum of American History The Time Trial of Benedict Arnold Purpose By debating the legacy of Benedict Arnold, students will build reasoning and critical thinking skills and an understanding of the complexity of historical events and historical memory. Program Summary In this presentation, offered as a public program at the National Museum of American History from December 2010-April 2011, an actor portrays a fictionalized Benedict Arnold, hero and villain of the American Revolution. Arnold, in dialogue with an audience that is facilitated by an arbiter, discusses his notable actions at the Battle of Saratoga and at Valcour Island, as well as his decision to sell the plans for West Point to the British. At the conclusion of the program, audience members consider how history should remember Arnold, as a traitor, or as a hero. This set of materials is designed to provide you an opportunity to have a similar debate with your students. Included in this resource set are a full video of the program, to be used as preparation for the classroom activity, and Arnold’s conversation with the audience divided by theme, to be used with the resources offered below for your own Time Trial of Benedict Arnold. A full version of the program is available here. [https://vimeo.com/129257467] Grade levels 5-8 Time Three 45 minute periods National Standards National Center for History in the Schools: United States History Standards; Era 3: Revolution and the New Nation (1754-1820s); Standard 2: The impact of the American Revolution on politics, economy, and society Common Core Standards for Literacy in History and Social Studies: Speaking and Listening Standards Comprehension and Collaboration, standard 1: Grades 6-8: Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacher- led) with diverse partners on grade level topics, texts, and issues, building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly.
    [Show full text]
  • Guidebook: American Revolution
    Guidebook: American Revolution UPPER HUDSON Bennington Battlefield State Historic Site http://nysparks.state.ny.us/sites/info.asp?siteId=3 5181 Route 67 Hoosick Falls, NY 12090 Hours: May-Labor Day, daily 10 AM-7 PM Labor Day-Veterans Day weekends only, 10 AM-7 PM Memorial Day- Columbus Day, 1-4 p.m on Wednesday, Friday and Saturday Phone: (518) 279-1155 (Special Collections of Bailey/Howe Library at Uni Historical Description: Bennington Battlefield State Historic Site is the location of a Revolutionary War battle between the British forces of Colonel Friedrich Baum and Lieutenant Colonel Henrick von Breymann—800 Brunswickers, Canadians, Tories, British regulars, and Native Americans--against American militiamen from Massachusetts, Vermont, and New Hampshire under Brigadier General John Stark (1,500 men) and Colonel Seth Warner (330 men). This battle was fought on August 16, 1777, in a British effort to capture American storehouses in Bennington to restock their depleting provisions. Baum had entrenched his men at the bridge across the Walloomsac River, Dragoon Redoubt, and Tory Fort, which Stark successfully attacked. Colonel Warner's Vermont militia arrived in time to assist Stark's reconstituted force in repelling Breymann's relief column of some 600 men. The British forces had underestimated the strength of their enemy and failed to get the supplies they had sought, weakening General John Burgoyne's army at Saratoga. Baum and over 200 men died and 700 men surrendered. The Americans lost 30 killed and forty wounded The Site: Hessian Hill offers picturesque views and interpretative signs about the battle. Directions: Take Route 7 east to Route 22, then take Route 22 north to Route 67.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Weather on Armies During the American War of Independence, 1775-1781 Jonathan T
    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2011 The Force of Nature: The Impact of Weather on Armies during the American War of Independence, 1775-1781 Jonathan T. Engel Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES THE FORCE OF NATURE: THE IMPACT OF WEATHER ON ARMIES DURING THE AMERICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE, 1775-1781 By JONATHAN T. ENGEL A Thesis submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2011 The members of the committee approve the thesis of Jonathan T. Engel defended on March 18, 2011. __________________________________ Sally Hadden Professor Directing Thesis __________________________________ Kristine Harper Committee Member __________________________________ James Jones Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii This thesis is dedicated to the glory of God, who made the world and all things in it, and whose word calms storms. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Colonies may fight for political independence, but no human being can be truly independent, and I have benefitted tremendously from the support and aid of many people. My advisor, Professor Sally Hadden, has helped me understand the mysteries of graduate school, guided me through the process of earning an M.A., and offered valuable feedback as I worked on this project. I likewise thank Professors Kristine Harper and James Jones for serving on my committee and sharing their comments and insights.
    [Show full text]
  • Trophies and Plunder: After the Battle of Bennington
    Trophies and Plunder: After the Battle of Bennington The seizure of “plunder” and its sale for distribution to troops routinely occurred during the Revolutionary War. The Battle of Bennington provides a closer look at how “plunder” worked and some of the complications it entailed. By Michael P. Gabriel1 s night fell on August 16, 1777, General John Stark’s militia and Green Mountain Boys army had won a resounding victory near Walloomsac, New York, defeating two German forces in what is known as the Battle of Bennington. In addition to capturing over seven hundred prisoners, Stark and his men recovered an enor- mous amount of equipment that littered the battlefield. While the main details of the battle are well known, what became of this equipment is less so. Many soldiers kept trophies of their participation in the victory, while Stark presented some items to Massachusetts, Vermont, and New Hampshire to commemorate the battle. He also sent some military equipment to the Continental Army. However, most of the items were sold as “plunder” at public auctions or vendue and the proceeds distrib- . Michael P. Gabriel is Professor of History at Kutztown University. He is the author or editor of three books on the American Revolutionary War, including The Battle of Bennington: Soldiers and Civilians (2012). Vermont History Vol. 87, No. 2 (Summer/Fall 2019): 111–125. © 2019 by the Vermont Historical Society. ISSN: 0042-4161; on-line ISSN: 1544-3043 112 . Southeast view from the Bennington Battlefield circa 1900. Note the Bennington Battle Monument on the far right. (From the author’s collection).
    [Show full text]
  • A Turning Point Americans and Why They Were Fought Into the Gun’S KEY QUESTION Why Has Saratoga Been Called a “Turning Point”? Where They Were
    CHAPTER 7 • SECTION 1 GEOGRAPHY for the British. Burgoyne realized that N War in the North 1777 Quebec the countryside was rising up against W E e . him. It was a lesson that other British CClicklick herehere yn e R CClicklick herehere to see the interactive map go nc r re S generals would soon learn: they were @ ClassZone.com u w B a . L not simply fighting an enemy army, St American forces GEOGRAPHY Montreal they were fighting an entire people. British forces 050100 miles War in the North 1777 American victory Britain’s Strategy Unravels Burgoyne 0 50 100 kilometers r CLASSZONE.COM ge still looked forward to the rendezvous, e British victory L Lake t. S Champlain or meeting, with St. Leger and Howe Connect Geography History MAINE in Albany. But on August 4, Burgoyne N.H. (Mass.) Ft. Ticonderoga, received a message that Howe would Lake July 6, 1777 ANALYZE Point out that the British, now in Ontario not be coming north; instead, he had Ft. Oswego M Saratoga, control of the strategic port city of New York, o Sept.–Oct., 1777 h a decided to try to capture Philadel- Oriskany, wk R. Bennington, shifted the battlefront to the inland frontier. Aug. 1777 phia—where the Continental Congress A Aug. 16, 1777 rno Ask students to consider what geographical ld Albany met. “Success be ever with you,” wrote NEW YORK Gates . MASS. Boston Howe. Yet Burgoyne needed Howe’s obstacles the troops might encounter in these R n o soldiers, not his good wishes. regions. (The areas were rough, mountainous, s PENNSYLVANIA d u CONN.
    [Show full text]
  • The Battle of Saratoga and the Case of Benedict Arnold by Ushistory.Org, Adapted by Newsela Staff on 06.07.19 Word Count 1,024 Level 1030L
    The Battle of Saratoga and the case of Benedict Arnold By USHistory.org, adapted by Newsela staff on 06.07.19 Word Count 1,024 Level 1030L The surrender of British General John Burgoyne as painted by John Trumbull in 1822. Depicted at center, General Burgoyne surrenders to Continental General Horatio Gates, who refused to take his sword. The American victory at Saratoga in New York on October 17, 1777, was a turning point in the Revolutionary War as it prevented the British from dividing New England from the rest of the states. The painting hangs in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda. Image courtesy of The United States Architect of the Capitol The Battle of Saratoga proved to be a major turning point of the Revolutionary War. In October 1777, American forces defeated a major British campaign in New York, giving the American cause an important victory at a crucial time. Divide And Conquer British General John Burgoyne had presented a divide-and-conquer strategy to ministers in London. His plan was to attack the American colonies from Canada by advancing down the Hudson Valley. There, he would be joined by Sir William Howe bringing British troops from New Jersey and New York City. If all went well, they might crush the American forces between them. Burgoyne believed that this bold move would isolate New England from the other American colonies. It would also give British forces command of the Hudson River. A big victory might also This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. cause the Americans to lose hope, as well as scaring off potential allies, especially France, Britain's longtime enemy.
    [Show full text]
  • Decimation, Rejuvenation, Motivation: How Disease and Murder Set the Stage at Saratoga
    University at Albany, State University of New York Scholars Archive History Honors College 12-2015 Decimation, Rejuvenation, Motivation: How Disease and Murder Set the Stage at Saratoga Nicolas Soto University at Albany, State University of New York Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_history Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Soto, Nicolas, "Decimation, Rejuvenation, Motivation: How Disease and Murder Set the Stage at Saratoga" (2015). History. 8. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_history/8 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College at Scholars Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in History by an authorized administrator of Scholars Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Nicolas Soto DECIMATION, REJUVENATION, MOTIVATION: HOW DISEASE AND MURDER SET THE STAGE AT SARATOGA Imagine your worst fear. Now imagine being killed and scalped in your wedding attire on the way to meet your fiancé. Your fear does not probably seem so bad now, right? Adding on to it, imagine that you were sick with smallpox while on your journey. You would be walking around with a terrible disease which eats away at the body and eventually kills you. These are not fears which we can imagine as vividly as the colonists in the 1770s could. Smallpox and being scalped were legitimate worries of the time for American colonists. Murder and disease ran rampant throughout the colonies. Not to mention the fact that they were embroiled in a revolution with the British Empire to pile on the misery.
    [Show full text]
  • Gentleman Johnny Burgoyne”
    BOOK OF THE WEEK. “GENTLEMAN JOHNNY BURGOYNE” The Dramatist-Soldier Who Helped Us Lose America. (JOHN O’ LONDONS WEEKLY – April 14, 1928) GENERAL JOHN BURGOYNE is one of those military figures who are not conspicuous in popular and patriotic histories. A famous soldier once said that luck was the first requisite of a successful general; Burgoyne had not luck. That is why we hear so little about him. Most of us knew that Burgoyne led one of the British armies against the American troops in the War of Independence that he was surrounded at Saratoga and compelled to surrender with 5,000 men. We also knew that he was a dramatist of some slight distinction, and that made it all the more difficult to take him seriously as a soldier. Moreover when we discovered that after his surrender he became Commander-in-Chief in Ireland and was buried in Westminster Abbey, we began to think that he had not been so unlucky after all. The villain of the piece. It has remained for the late Mr. F. J. Hudleston, formerly Librarian at the War Office, to disinter from the mould of forgetfulness and misunderstanding the gallant, likeable, and by no means incompetent soldier who was associated with one of the most epoch- making failures that ever attended British arms. And from Mr. Hudleston's book, “Gentleman Johnny Burgoyne,” we learn just the measure of his bad luck. We first meet Burgoyne when he is a youthful commander of light dragoons, sprinkling his recruiting advertisements with quotations from Shakespeare but licking his men into shape until George III.
    [Show full text]
  • Revolutionary War Bibliography
    G. Kurt Piehler Center for the Study of War and Society, Department of History, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee Revolutionary War Bibliography Organization of American Historians and National Park Service 9/12/2003 The Broad Overview Even before the Revolutionary War ended in 1783, Americans and their British adversaries began efforts to document this struggle. Many of these early histories have been reprinted in modern editions and offer insights into how the Revolutionary generation saw the struggle for independence. Among the earliest general accounts of the conflict are David Ramsay’s History of the American Revolution (1789, Indianapolis: Liberty Classics, 1990) and Mercy Otis Warren’s three volume History of the Rise, Progress, and Termination of the American Revolution (1805, Indianapolis, Liberty Classics, 1988). A substantial number of Americans remained loyal to the British Crown, John Adams estimated the number as high as one-third of the population, and Peter Oliver’s Origins and Progress of the American Revolution (1781, San Marino: Huntington Library, 1961) wrote one of the earliest histories from the loyalist perspective. 1 There are several excellent general histories of the Revolutionary War. Among the best are Robert Middlekauff, The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789 (New York: Oxford University Press,1982) and Edward Countryman’s The American Revolution (New York: Hill and Wang, 1985). Ray Raphael, A People’s History of the American Revolution: How Common People Shaped the Fight for Independence (New York: New Press, 2001) account offers a narrative account that centers around the participation of laborers, African Americans, women, and Indians during the war for independence.
    [Show full text]
  • Hubbardton Battlefield Research
    Hubbardton Battlefield STORY OF THE BATTLE Hubbardton Battlefield is nationally significant as the site of an important military encounter during the Northern Campaign of 1777, and a formative event in the development of the Northern Department Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. A tactical loss for the American forces, historians conclude that, strategically, the battle was an American success because it allowed General St. Clair's withdrawing Northern Army to unite with General Schuyler’s forces near Fort Edward on 12 July, thus keeping alive the American army that blocked further movement south by British General John Burgoyne. The battle lasted more than three hours, probably closer to five, and involved soldiers from Vermont, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. Several important Americans participated in the engagement, including Colonel Seth Warner of Vermont, and Colonel Ebenezer Francis of Massachusetts. Brigadier General Simon Fraser of the British 24th Regiment of Foot commanded the Advance Guard, while Baron Riedesel commanded the Royal Army’s Left Wing composed principally of Brunswick formations. The significance of this site is materially enhanced by the high integrity of its natural, cultural, and visual landscape as well as its archeological potential to improve upon or even radically change site interpretation. Archeological surveys conducted on the battlefield in 2001 and 2002 confirmed the presence of battle-related artifacts, such as lead shot, buttons, buckles, and other detritus of war. The Hubbardton Battlefield is an example of early attempts to preserve, and commemorate Revolutionary War battlefields, with a local grassroots effort that included veterans and eyewitnesses to the event. This initial mid-nineteenth-century effort was followed by official state involvement in the acquisition, development, and management of the site in the second quarter of the twentieth century as a historic site.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 7: the Road to Revolution: 1763—1775
    CHAPTER 8: AMERICA SECEDES FROM THE EMPIRE READING GUIDE TOPIC 8.1: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: EARLY DAYS (NB 135-140/OB 140-143) Congress Drafts George Washington Know: Second Continental Congress, George Washington 1. Why was George Washington chosen as general of the American army? Bunker Hill and Hessian Hirelings Know: Ethan Allen, Benedict Arnold, Fort Ticonderoga, Bunker Hill, Redcoats, Olive Branch Petition, Hessians 2. George III "slammed the door on all hope of reconciliation." How and why? The Abortive Conquest of Canada Know: Richard Montgomery 3. Did the fighting go well for Americans before July of 1776? Explain. Thomas Paine Preaches Common Sense 4. Why was Common Sense important? Paine and the Idea of "Republicanism" Know: Republic, Natural Aristocracy 5. Why did Paine want a democratic republic? TOPIC 8.2: INDEPENDENCE (NB 140-151/OB 143-151) Jefferson's "Explanation" of Independence Know: Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, Natural Rights 6. What does the Declaration of Independence say? Patriots and Loyalists Know: Patrick Henry 7. What kinds of people were Loyalists? The Loyalist Exodus 9. What happened to Loyalists during the war? TOPIC 8.3: IMPT. BATTLES & STRATEGIES OF AMERICAN REVOLUTION (NB 151-159/OB 151-165) General Washington at Bay Know: William Howe, Trenton, Princeton 10. What were some of the flaws of General William Howe? Burgoyne's Blundering Invasion Know: John Burgoyne, Benedict Arnold, Saratoga, Horatio Gates 11. Why did the Americans win the battle of Saratoga? Why was it significant? Revolution in Diplomacy? 12. Why did the French help America win independence? The Colonial War Becomes a Wider War Know: Armed Neutrality 13.
    [Show full text]