A COMPREHENSIVE REPORT ON Global Country Submitted to INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT UNIVERSE UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Mrs. Palak Kothari Associate Professor SUBMITTED BY Sr No. Name Enrollment No 1 Roma Patel 118220592007 2 Imran Meman 118220592009 3 Harshal Raval 118220592015 [MBA SEMESTER III & IV] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT UNIVERSE MBA PROGRAMME Affiliated to Gujarat Technological University Ahmedabad Students’ Declaration We, Roma Patel, Imran Meman, Harshal Raval, hereby declare that the report for Global/ Country Study Report entitled “Education Industry in on China, South Africa And India is a result of our own work and our indebtedness to other work publications, references, if any, have been duly acknowledged. Place : Vadodara (Signature) Date : ( Name Of Student) Roma Patel Imran Meman Harshal Raval Preface As a MBA student of ITM Universe, Vadodara. Affiliated by GTU. we have made report on Global Country Report on Education sector. So we have selected China , India, South Africa To study the Education sector. We have taken all the topics shown in the report to study the sector. We have learnt a lot from this report about Education In all three countries. The policy and norms of all three country also mentioned in the report. The future challenges also mentioned in the report. We thankful to our head of Department Dr. S. K. Vij to helping us to make report and also to Mrs. Palak Kothari. We the help of our faculty member we made this report. 2 This report will help in future. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is our pleasure to place on record my sincere gratitude towards Mrs. Palak Kothari who spent their precious time providing continuous ideas and expert guidance to our Report work. It was their direction and encouragement at every moment and step that motivated us to steer the research work confidently and successfully. We are also thankful to our Venerable Dean Prof S.K Vij, who seen encouragement, moral support provides the valuable guidance, which has been a source of inspiration to us. We especially thankful to All Department that has to provide me valuable guidance, which is helpful to fulfillment our Project Report. We are also thankful to our friends who directly or indirectly helped us lot. 3 Executive Summary In the global country report we have selected three countries like India, South Africa China. We have first written the history of all three countries. Then we have written demographic overview of all three countries. Then we have written economic overview of all three countries. We have written the key sector of all three countries. We also made pestle analysis of all three countries on education sector because we want to study the education of all three countries. We also make comparison of education of all three countries. We will find the growth of education in all three countries. we also mentioned the education policy of all three country. The system of education in all three countries. 4 Table of Content Sr. No Particulars Page No 1 History India 8 – 11 South Africa China Demographic Profile of 11 – 15 South Africa China India Economic overview of 16 – 21 South Africa India China Key Sectors of 22 – 34 India China South Africa Trade Business of 35 – 39 India China South Africa Pestle Analysis of All Three Countries. 40 – 42 2 PART – II INDUSTRY / SECTOR / 43 COMPANY SPECIFIC STUDY Introduction of the selected Industry and 43 its Structure, Functions of education 44 – 47 Industry Comparative Position of India and China 48 in Education st Role of education in 21 century. 49 Recent Trends in education of India, China and South Africa 51 – 61 Policies and System of china 62 – 76 Policies and Norms of South Africa 77 – 85 Policies and Norms of India 86 – 92 Barriers of Education 93 5 Potential market of education industry . 96 Conclusion 97 – 98 Bibiliography 99 History of India The History of India begins with the birth of the Indus Valley Civilization in such sites as Mohenjo- Daro, Harappa, and Lothal, and the coming of the Aryans. These two phases are usually described as the pre-Vedic and Vedic periods. It is in the Vedic period that Hinduism first arose: this is the time to which the Vedas are dated. 6 In the fifth century, large parts of India were united under Ashoka. He also converted to Buddhism, and it is in his reign that Buddhism spread to other parts of Asia. It is in the reign of the Mauryas that Hinduism took the shape that fundamentally informs the religion down to the present day. Successor states were more fragmented. Islam first came to India in the eighth century, and by the 11th century had firmly established itself in India as a political force; the North Indian dynasties of the Lodhis, Tughlaqs, and numerous others, whose remains are visible in Delhi and scattered elsewhere around North India, were finally succeeded by the Mughal empire, under which India once again achieved a large measure of political unity. The European presence in India dates to the seventeenth century and it is in the latter part of this century that the Mughal Empire began to disintegrate, paving the way for regional states. In the contest for supremacy, the English emerged 'victors', their rule marked by the conquests at the battlefields of Plassey and Buxar. The Rebellion of 1857-58, which sought to restore Indian supremacy, was crushed; and with the subsequent crowning of Victoria as Empress of India, the incorporation of India into the empire was complete. Successive campaigns had the effect of driving the British out of India in 1947. History of South Africa By the 14th century C.E, the region was settled by the Bantu people who migrated from central Africa. South Africa was first inhabited by Europeans in 1488 when the Portuguese arrived at the Cape of Good Hope. By the late 1700s, European settlements were spread throughout the Cape and by the end of the 18th century the British controlled the entire Cape of Good Hope region. In the early 1800s in an effort to escape British rule, many native farmers called Boers migrated north and in 1852 and 1854, the Boers created the independent Republics of the Transvaal and Orange Free State. After the discovery of diamonds and gold in the late 1800s, more European immigrants arrived in South Africa and eventually led to the Anglo-Boer Wars , which the British won, causing the republics to become part of the British Empire. In May 1910 though, the two republics and Britain formed the Union of South Africa, a self-governing territory of the British Empire and in 1912, the 7 South African Native National Congress (eventually called the African National Congress or ANC) was founded with the goal of providing blacks in the region with more freedom. Despite the ANC in an election in 1948, the National Party won and began passing laws enforcing a policy of racial separation called apartheid. In the early 1960s the ANC was banned and Nelson Mandela and other anti-apartheid leaders were convicted of treason and imprisoned. In 1961, South Africa became a republic after it withdrew from the British Commonwealth because of international protests against apartheid and in 1984 a constitution was put into effect. In February 1990, President F.W. de Klerk, unbanned the ANC after years of protest and two weeks later Mandela was released from prison. Four years later on May 10, 1994, Mandela was elected as South Africa's first black president and during his time in office he was committed to reforming race-relations in the country and strengthening its economy and place in the world. This has remained the goal of subsequent governmental leaders. History of china China, one of the countries that can boast of an ancient civilization, has a long and mysterious history - almost 5,000 years of it! Like most other great civilizations of the world, China can trace her culture back to a blend of small original tribes which have expanded till they became the great country we have today. It is recorded that Yuanmou man is the oldest hominoid in China and the oldest dynasty is Xia Dynasty. From the long history of China, there emerge many eminent people that have contributed a lot to the development of the whole country and to the enrichment of her history. Among them, there are emperors like Li Shimin (emperor Taizong of the Tang), philosophers like Confucius, great patriotic poets like Qu Yuan and so on. Chinese society has progressed through five major stages - Primitive Society, Slave Society, Feudal Society, Semi-feudal and Semi-colonial Society, and Socialist Society. The rise and fall of the great dynasties forms a thread that runs through Chinese history, almost from the beginning. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China on October 1st, 1949, China has become a socialist society and become stronger and stronger. 8 Demographic Profile of South Africa: Population 48,810,427 (July 2012 est.) Age structure 0-14 years: 28.5% (male 6,998,726/female 6,959,542) 15-64 years: 65.8% (male 16,287,314/female 15,972,046) 65 years and over: 5.7% (male 1,125,709/female 1,660,694) (2011 est.) Birth rate 19.32 births/1,000 population (2011 est.) Death rat 17.23 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.) Urbanization Urban population: 62% of total population (2010) Rate of urbanization: 1.2% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) Major cities – population Johannesburg 3.607 million; Cape Town 3.353 million; Ekurhuleni (East Rand) 3.144 million; Durban 2.837 million; PRETORIA (capital) 1.404 million (2009) Sex ratio At birth: 1.02 male(s)/female