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Descriptions - of Courses

ZOOLOGY ZOL :325. Inrertehrate Systematics 404. Biological and Ecological l~aboratory Concepts for Engineers and \Viuter. 2(0-6) ZOL 303. Open to Zool­ ;\1 at hem a ticia ns College of Human Medicine ogy majors onlu; others: appro1Jal of depart­ Wi11ter. 3(3-U) ApproJJal of depart­ College of Natural Science men I. ment. Interdepartmental u:ith Systems Science. Comparative morphology and ta.>..onomy of the Biological and ecological corH:Ppts important to IDC. Introduction to Resource major invertc>brate phyla and an examination of formal analy;,is of livi11g s;,ste111;,, vital prop­ Ecology their characteristic: behavior and physiology. ertie~, proce;,;,es, and limitations; population dynanlic~, ~eleeti011, competition, and prPrla­ For course description, see Interdisci­ tion; c>cological community structure and func­ plinary Courses. 337. The Fossil Record of Organic tion; industrialized eco s~ stem. Evolution 301. Nature and Homo Sapien~> Spring. 3(3-0) One course in a natural 405H. Experiments in Zoology I Spring. 4(2-6) Three terms of natural science; Juniors. Interdepartmental u;ith and (40.5.) Fall. 4(0-12) Appro~al of in- science; not open to zoologu majors. administ~red h11 the Department of Geofog!J. structor. Relates humans to their natural euvironnwnt. The direct evidence for organic: evolution in the An integrated series of selected e.>..pcriments in Chief empha~b on identifying characteristic fo~sil record. Evolution ot' ]if(; from prc>hiologi­ the topic;, ofbehaYior, ecolog), JllllTpholog: and animal life in broad areas of nature and how cal systems to nHUL lmpad of fo~sil dhcoYerie~ phy~iology. humans fit or misfit into the~e. Lectures.lahom­ on human thought. tory aud field trips illustrate this relationship. 406. Experiments in Zoology II 341. Human Heredity Winter. 4(0·12)Approval of instructor. .'302. Life of the Past Fall, \\/inter, Summer. 4(4-0) Three An integrated series of selected experilllents ill Fall 3(3-0) One course in physical or terms of Natural Science; Sophomores; not topic~ of cell , embryology and genetics. biological science or Juniors. Interdepartmen­ open to zoologu major.s·. Students may not re­ tal u:ith and administered hy the Department of ceive credit in mom than one of the follou;ing: 407. Experiments in Zoology III Geolog!l· ZOL 34I, ZOL 441. Spring. -'3(0-9) ZOL 40S or ZOL 406, Fm;,i] vertebrate~ from to man. Inheritance of human physiological, and psy­ approval of instructor. chological u·aits. Force;, that influence human Special problems. evolution. Applications of heredity in fields of .'30.'3. Introductory Animal Systematics education, sociology, anthropology, p;,ychology, Fall. 5(5-0) B S 2I2. dentistry. and medicine. 408. Freshu,·ater Ecology Summer. 6 Credits. B S 212 or ap­ General survey of animals including origin, evo­ lution and dispersal, morphological chanwteris­ proval of department. Given at W. K. Kellogg tic-s. reproductive patterns, behavior, ecology .'344. Introductory Animal Systematics Biological Station. Interdepartmental 1cith and zoogeography of invertebrate;, and verfe­ Laboratory Biological Science and the Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and administered brates. Fall. 2(1-3) ZOL 303 concurrently. In­ bu Biological Science. terdepartmental u;ith and administered by Lyman Briggs School. The ecology of freshwater ecosytelll~, their bi­ 304. Biology, Beharior and Man Laboratory examinaticm of forlll and fi.mcti011 of otic ;,tmcture and the fundional interrelation­ Winter 3(3-0) juniors; not open to representati'-P vertebrate and invertebrate ani­ ship~ of environmental \ ariables regulating: zoology majors. mals. population dynamics, productivity and commu­ nity sb:ucture. Exten~iYe field inve~tigations. Examines philosophical and biological issues ·which make the studv of animal behavior rele­ vant to mm1. Empha.~izes history of animal be­ 389. Animal Ecology 410. Terrestrial Ecology havior, current theorie;,, and experiments relat­ Winter. 4(3-4) B S 212 or concurrently. Summer. 6 credits. B S 212 or ap­ ing biological and enyironmental determinant.~ pro~al of department. Given at W. K. Kellogg of adaptive and no11-adaptive behavior patterns. Animals in relation to their environment. Fac­ Biological Station. Interdepartmental u;ith tor~ affecting the distribution and abundance of Biological Science and the Department of animals. Interrelationships bet\\·een climate, Botany and Plant Pathology. Administered by 31.'3. Animal Behavior ~oils, vegetation, geologie history aud animal Biological Science. life. Population characteristics as related to re­ (4I3.) Spring. 4(4-0) B S 211. produetioll and mortality tilCtors. Extensive field investigation;, of ;,eyeral t~ pes of Description of the known behavior of the vari­ terrestrial communitie~. Interrelationship of ous yertebrate and invertebrate phyla with em­ planb, animab, and enyiromnent. Factors de­ phasis upon adaptive significance. Thus, special .'391. Zoological Problems termining distribution and abundanc>e. attention will be given to mating, defensive, and nutritive behavior. The genetics and ontogeny Fall, \l-'inter, Spring, Summer. 1 to 8 credits. ,\!au reenroll for a maximum of 12 cred­ of behavioral patterns \Viii be presented where 414. Biological Mechanism8 of knovm. Behavior will be related to the ecology its. juniors; B S 212; 6 credits in zoology; ap­ Animal Behar:ior of various animal population;,. proJJal of department. Winter of odd-numbered years. 3(3-0) Advanced work in morphology, field zoology, or 5(3-6) ZOL 413 recommended. genetics. mmrnnalogy, omithology, or ichthyol­ Consideration of neurolo,!!;ical and hormonal ogy. .'317. Principles of Development mechanisms controlling l)ehavior. Emphasis Fall, Spring. 3(3-0) B S 212. will be upon mammalian sy~tems, and will deal with the as~umptions which underlie current Development ofanimah, especially vertebrate;,. 400H. Honors Work Principles arc illustrated by modern experi­ concepb in the biology of behavior. mental stu die~ of developmental problems. Fall, Winter, Spring. Variable credit. Juniors. 415. Ecological Aspects of Animal 318. Principles of Development Behavior Laboratory 401. Comparatire Physiology I Fall. 4(4-0) ZOL 413. Fall, Spring. 2(0-6) ZOL 317 or con­ Fall. 4(3-4) PSL 240 orBS 2I2; CEM Consideration of orientation, navigation and currently; B S 212. 131 or CEM 14I. Interdepartmental u;ith and homing behavior, food preferences, habitat administered by the Department of Physiology. Principles of development illustrated by selection, exploration, behavioral periodicity, analysis of the ontogeny of selected organisms. A comparison of osinoregulation, digestion. re­ communication, soc>ial organization and the em­ spiration, and other phy'iiological processes in a bryology of behavior. In both and wide range of organisms. invertebrates. 320. Vertebrate Systematics Laboratory Winter. 2(0-6) ZOL 303. Open to Zool­ 402. Comparative Physiology II 417. Adranced Developmental ogu majors onlu; others: approval of depart­ Winter. 4(4-U) PSI. 401 or approval of Biology ment. department. Interdepartmental with the De­ Spring. 3(3-0) or 5(3-6) ZOL 317. Systematics, morphology and natural history of partment of Physiology. :\1olecular and cellular biology of development. vertebrate animals as illustrated by reprcsenta­ A comparison of sensory, motor, eudocrine and Complcmc>ntary laboratory exercises with em­ tiYc species within the seYen classes. other integrative mechanism~ in animals. phasis on experiments.

A-214 Zoology -Descriptions of Courses

420. Biology of Animal Parasites 450. Comparative Hi8tology 4 78. Stream Ecology Summer. 6 credits. B S 212 or ap­ Fall. 4(3-3) B S 212. Spring. 3(3-0) EI\'T 420, ZOL 389 or prot:al of department. Given at W. K. Kellogg The comparative ~tructu.re of cells of selected BOT 450 or F \V .302 or approwl of department. Biological Station. Interdepartmental with the invertebrate and vertebrate organism~ and their Students may not receive credit in hath F W 478 departments of :Hicrobiology and Public interactions to fom1 tissues. and EIVT 421. Interdepartmental with the de­ Health, and Fisheries and Wildlife. Adminis­ partments of and Fisheries and tered by the Department of Microbiology and Wildlife. Administered by the Department of Public Health. 4.56. Foundations of Decelopmental Fisheries and Wildlife. Para~itism of animals b}· protozoa, helminths Biology Biological, chemical, physical, and geological and anthropods with emphasis on the interrela­ "Winter of ecen-nurnbered years. 3(3-0) proce,ses which determine the structure and tionships of host-parasite associations with the ZOL 317; ZOL 417 recommended. function of stream ccosy~tems. natural environments. Reading and cliscuS'iion of original research which posed ~ignifkant pro\Jlem' of n1odern 480. Biology of Fresh-Water and 428. Morphology of the Chordates developll\ental hiolog:. Terrestrial Int:ertebrates (314.) \\.!inter. 5(.3-6) B S 212. Summer. 6 credit~·. ZOL 325 or up­ Comparative and functional morpholog;. of prowl of department. Given at W. K. Kellogg chordates. Laboratory includes dis~ection of 460. for Teachers Biological Station. representatives of most vcrtebrate classes. Summer. 3 credits. A course in hinlogu Sv~tematic~ and ecology of invertebratPs \\"ith or apiJroval of department. Not open to Zoolog!f empha~is on the local fauna. Extensive field and majors. Gi1:cn at W K. Kdlogg Biological Sta­ laboratory work with livir1g animals. 430. Vertebrate Paleontology tion. Intenlepartmenlal with Biological Sci- \\linter. 4(3-3) ZOL 428, or up prowl of l'llC('. department. Interdepartmental 1L"ith and ad­ Distribution, breerling cycles, migration, food 481. In1:ertebrate Zoology ministered hy the Department of Geology. and feeding habib, voice and other important Fall. 5(3-6) ZOL 325 or approwl of Fossil vertebrates with emphasis on the evolu­ area~ of avian biolog). Emph<1'iis on field iden­ department. titlcation and natural history. tion of major g1·oups. Laboratories OJl modern Biolog.\ of invertebrates with special reference techniques and on the identification and in­ to their natund history, das~ifkation, distribu­ tprpretation of fossils. 461. Ornithology tion, and economic importance Winter. 4(3-2) ZOL 320 or ZOL 428. 437. Invertebrate Paleontology Principles of da,sitlcation, structure, di'itribu­ 482. Biology of the Protozoa Fall. 4( 3-4) GLG 202 or ZOL 303 or lion, migration, population biology and life his­ \\'inter. 3(.3-0) or 5(3-6) B S 212. appro1:;al of department. Interdepartmental tory ofbinls. Identification of hy size, form with and administered by the Department of anrl soug. Structures ,mel functions of animal like, Geolog!f. eukaryotic microorganisnJ~. Svstematic~ and evolution of marine inverte­ b~ates; uses of fossils in correlation aml deliuea­ 465. Field Ecolutiunary Ecology 48."3. Physiological Ecology tion of geologic time ~tructure and morpholog~· Summer. 3 credits. May reenroll for a of fo~sils as relatC'cl to eyolutionary develop­ \\'inter. 41.3-2) B S 212. maximum of6 credits. ZOL 389. Given at \V. K. ment. Kellogg Biological Station. A~pects of physiology· that bear particnlarl: on Major questions of evolution,uy ecology, along the interrelationship~ het\Yeen animals and their environments. 4:38. Paleoecology with field projects designed to t'."l.plore thes~ Spring. 4(3-4) GLG 202 or ZOL 389 or que~tions. Course conclude~ \\·ith individual field project. approcal of department. Interdepartmental 484. with ami administered by the Department of Spring. 5(3-6) ZOL 320 or ZOL 428. Geology. Classihcation anclJHttural history of amphibians Distribution and abunclaucC' of marine fossil~; 468. Beharioral Ecology and , with e!Dphasis on Michigan response of ~keletal morphology to enyironmen­ Summer. 3 credits. May reenroll for a tal conditious; uses of fossils in reconstructing maximum of6 credits if different topic is taken. spC'cies. ancient diu\ates and depositional environ­ ZOL 413 or ZOL 415, ZOL 38.9. Gicen at Kel­ logg Biological Station. ments. 486. CurrPnt theorctical i'i'iues in behavioral ecology with illustrative field probler11~ and an indi­ Fall. 4(2-6) ZOL .320 or ZOL 428. 441. Fundamental Genetic8 vidual field project. Classification distribution, natural histon of Fall, Spring. 5(5-0) B S 212. Students mannnah with emphasis on ~[ic-higan spec-ies. may not recei~e credit in more than one of the Field studies, preparation of study specimens. following: ZOL 341, ZOL 441 471. Survey of principles of heredity in animals, Spring. 3(2-3) F H' 301 or ZOL 320 or plants, and microorganisms. Serves as single 489. Animal Distribution ZOL 428. Interdepartmental with and adminis­ course in genetics for majors in any of the tered [Jy the Department of Fisheries and Fall. 3(3-0) ZOL 30.3 or appro1:al of biological 'icienccs, and as prerequisite for \Vildli.fe. instructor further \York in geuetic~. Principle~ anrl patterns of animal di'i!::ribution. Cla~sification and Natural histon offishes. Em­ Emphasi~ 011 major bnnal regions, center~ of phasis on food, game. and forag~- . 442. Adcanced Genetics origins, and concepts relating to the distribution of modern vertebnttcs. Winter. 3(3-0) ZOL 441 or appnwal of instructor. 476. Limnology Classical and molecular examinatiou of eight to Winter. 313-0) GEM 131 and CEM 161: 492. Cytochemistry ten advmll"cd topic~ and recent discoveries in BOT 450 or ZOL 389. Students may not recei1:c Spring. 4(3-3) B S 212 genetics. credit for hoth F W 376 and F \\. 476. Inter­ General principles of Jllil"ro~copy, rnicrotOill), departmental 1eith and administered /JI) the Dr:/)artment of Fisheries and \Vildlife. fixation, cn1lwclding and ~eC"tioning of animal 443. Der.:elopmental Genetics tis,ues; sh1dy of various cellular organelles and Spring. 4(4-0) ZOL 441 and ZOL 317. Ecology of lakPs aud strcm11~ with special refer­ the localization of lipids, carbohydrates, pro­ ence to phy~ical, chemical and biological factors tein>, nucleic add~ and various hydrolytic en­ ~-techa!lism~ of gene action. Role of genes in the affecting their productivity. zymes in the cclb. embryology, morphology, and physiology or­ ganisms. 477. Limnological Methods 495. Undergraduate Seminar 445. Et'Oiution Winter. 3(0-9) ZOL 481; F W 476 con­ Fall, \\'inter, Spring. 1(1-0) May reen­ Fall. 4(4-0) B S 211. currently; ENT 301, ENT 302 recommended. In­ roll for a maximum of 3 credits. juniors, and Proces'ies of evolutionary change including the terdepartmental tcith and administered hy the approval of department. origin of species and homo ~apiens, fossib and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife. Reading and cliscu%ion of article~ relating to the geological record, and applications in ge­ ~lethods and instruments of limnological field economic, social and enYirmunental impact of netic engineering, agriculture, and medicine. investigatioll on lakes and strean1,. new discoveries in biological sciences.

A-215 Descriptions -Zoology of Courses

497. Principles of Endocrinology 827, Basic I\'eurobiology 843. Ecosystem Analysis, Design and Winter. 4(4-U) One year organic (BPY 825, BPY 827.) Fall. 4(4-0) Ap­ A-lanagement chemistry; ZOL 317. Interdepartmental u:ith proval of department. Spring. 3(3-0) SYS 442 or ZOL 404. the Department of Physiology. ?\eural -,tructure and function at cellular and Interdepartmentaf u:ith and admiHi->·ten:d by Hormonal principles, illustrated by experi­ intercellular \eve ls. \lembranc and~) naptic po­ Systems Science. mental observations, in vertebrates and invPr­ tential~, receptor transduction, and intracellular Groups of studeuts from variou~ biological and tebrates. Emphasis on cellular endocrinology. transport with an introduction to comparative non-biological discipline. ., will ~ynthcsize and Group discu~;ion, backgruuud in organic and evolutionary a~pect!>. analyze models of ~elected biological ~ystems. chenli~try and cell biology ~trongly recom­ Projeeb should ::ield infor!llation rcl()vant to so­ mended. Term paper required. lntioJl of contcmporcu~ eculogicalproblenl~.

499. Undergraduate Thesis 830. Adranced Vertebrate Zoology Fall, \Finter, Spring, Summer. 1 to 6 Winter. 4(4-0) May reenroll for a 844. Problem.~ in Human Genetic.., credits. May reenrol/for a maximum of 12 cred­ maximum of 12 credits. ZOL 303; tv;o years of Spring. 5(5-0) ZOL 441 or approval of its . .Juniors, written appro1Jal of instructor. undergraduate zoologu and approval of de­ department. partment. Laboratory research culminatiug in the prepara­ .\fethods used in the study of human grndics tioJI aud defen!>e of an undergraduate the~is. Advanced vertebrate biology including sy~­ and their application to medical, phy~iological tematic~, ecology, distribution, morphology. and soda! problems. Laboratory consists of field 804.4, Neuroscience Laboratory 1 trips and independent stud,. o,elected bv the Wi11ter. 4(2-4) Apprm:al of instructor. ~tndent in comultation with ihe instructo;. Interdepartmental n-ith Biophysics and the de­ partments of Physiologu, and Ps!{chology. Ad­ 8:3:3. Adranced lncertebrate ministered hy the Department of Psychologu. Paleontology 846. Adranced Topics in Ecolution Dev(']opmcnt of skills in thr mvthods. tech­ B. Quantitative Paleontology Winter. 4(4-0) May reenroll for a niques and instrumentation ncccs~ary fOr re­ Fall. 3(2-4) GLG 437 or GLG 438. In­ maximum of 12 credits if different lopi~·s are seaeh in a \ aricty of arras conc('rned with taken. ZOL 445 or appro1:al of instructor. neuroscience. terdepartmental 1rith and administered by the Department of Geology ;\lcchani-;tic and theoretical a~pccts of the evo­ lutionary process. Topics '\Yill be drawn from the 804B. Neuroscience Laboratory II Application of mathematical tool~ to paleon­ tological problems, including ~tatistical applica­ current lit('raturc and will deal with one of the Spring. 4(2"4) PSr 804A. IntPr­ tions and numrrical taxonomy; computer appli- following area~: microe\·olution, macrnt.·\·ulu­ departmental u:ith Biophysics and the depart­ cation~. tion, a11d speciation. ments of Physiulogu, and Psuchology. Adminis­ C. Paleocology tered bu the Department of Psychology Fall. 3(2-4) GLG 437 or GLG 438. lu­ Continuation of ZOL R01A. tenleparlmelltallvith and administered by the 847. t1nalysis of Gene Organization Department of Geologu and Tramm1ission 815. Current Trends in Advanced prohlen1~ in population, eommunit:. H'inter of odd-numbered years. 4(4-0) \Vinter of odd-numbered !{cars. 4(4-0) and pro\ince ]eye) paleoecology, primaril:.- of ZOL 441 and appro1Jal of departmer1t. Approcal of instri1ctor. marine invrrtcbrates, including sh1dy of ta.vm­ Formal and molecular analysis of ge11e organiza­ Lectures and dhcussion of current cmweph in omy, diYersit), and adaptation. tion and tTansmh~ion in high~er eucaryotes. Tn­ research. Emphasis ¥.-ill be upon the D. Developmental Paleontology tFmled for graduate ~tudcnts \\·ith background nonhuman primate as a model for wsearch into Fall. 3(2-4) GLG 437 or GLG 438, ZOL in genetic~ ;melior cytogenetics. - biomedical and ,..oological problems. 317 or approval of department. Inter­ departmental u;ith and administered hu the 817. Ecology of Zooplankton Department of Geologu. 8.50. Ultra~tructure Summer of odd-numbered uears. 3 Application of the pri11ciples of developmE'11t to Fall. 4!2~6) BOT 427. the or1togen~ and phylogeny of fossil inverteb­ credits. Appro1Cal of department. Given at\\". K. New devclopmrnt'i in instrumentation and Kellogg Biological Station. rate; as known frum ~keletal morphology. technique~ of electron mic-roscop> and t!H:ir Biology. distribution, and ed. Evolution will be con~iderrd on the Paleontology vertebrates and invertebrate~. Selected topics to population level. vary from ) ear to year. Winter of elCcn-numhered ucars. 3(3-0) GLG 430 or approval of department. Inter­ 823. Neurological and Hormonal departmental u:ith and administered bu the Correlates of Animal Behador Department of Geology. 862. Adan Behavioral Ecology Fall. 4(4-0) ZC)L 389, ZOL 413, ZOL Spring. 4(4-0) ZOL 414, ZOL 415. Recent advances and controvrrsial issut'~ inver­ 461' Lecturrs, papers and discussions on the neural tebrate paleontology including origi11, cla~~ifica­ a11d hormonal detenniJ1ant~ ofanirna\ behavior. tion, phylogeny, and stratigruphi( relatiomhip~ Theory of habitat ~election. Optimal foraging Emphasis \\ill he plaeed upon lllaTll111alian be­ of fm~il vertebrates. thcor> dealing with breadth of diet, patch utili­ havior. zation and sampling theor~. Coloniality. coop­ eration and optimal group size, and refi1ging sy~t('ms a~ they appl) to avian populations. 82/i. Tropical Biology: An Ecological Approach 839. Population Ecology \Vinter, Summr'r. 12 credits. Approval Summer of e1Jeu-numbered years. 3 865. Adranced Neurobiology of department and acceptance by Organization credits Jlay reenroll for a maximum of 6 cred­ (BIM 86S.) Spring. 4(4-0) BPY 827. In­ for Tropiral Studies. Interdepartmental u;ith its. Apprm;al of department. Git;en at W. K. terdepartmental wiih Bio-physics and the de­ and administered bu the Department of Botany Kellogg Biological Station. Interdepartmental partments of Anatomy, Physiology, and and Plant Pathology u:ith !he Department of Botany and Plant Psychology. Administered hu the Department An introduction iu the field to the principle~ of Pathology. ofAnatomu. ecolog~ a~ they operate in the tropics, especial!~ A field-cxprrimental approach to the ~tudv of Ba;ie orgaT1izution, strudure and functiou of concerning the h-opieal environment and biota, adaptati011s. Selected topics will deal with ncuraln~tworks comprising senson·, motor. and ecologic relations. connnunities and evolution population growth, competition, predation, mu­ autonomic systrms i11duding exan;pks from in­ in the tropics. Given in Costa Rica by Organiza­ tation, community structure and 'pede~ abun­ V('rtebrates and >rrtE"hrates. Attendance at tion for Tropical Studies. daJJce. neuroseiencr seminar is required.

A-216 Zoology -Descriptions of Courses

871. Ecology of Fishes 891. Current Topics in Ecological Summer of et;en-numbered years. 3 Research credits. Approval of department. Given at the Summer. 1 or 2 credits. May reenroll W. K. Kellop,g Biological Station. Inter­ for a maximum of 4 credits. Approval of de­ departmental with the Department of Fisheries partment. Given at W. K. Kellogg Biological and Wildlife. Station. Exploration of ecological problems with particu­ Discussions and special problem work; current lar emphasis on growth, food and habitat selec­ theoretical views and investigations; treatment tion, population biology and niche relations. of the dynamics of energy and biomass in ter­ Field and expedmental investigations of fish restrial and aquatic ecosystems; methods of communities. analysis.

878. Comparative Limnology 892. Dynamics of Biologic ( 478.) Summer of odd-numbered years. Populations 6 credits. Approval of department. Given at W. Winter. 5( 4-3) One statistics course, 1 K Kellogg Biological Station. Interdepartmen­ ecology course or approval of department. tal with the Department of Botany and Plant Growth, regulation, competition, predator-prey, Pathology. life history strategies and spatial dynamics of Theoretical concepts and methods of analysis of animal populations. environmental parameters influencing produc­ tivity of freshwaters. Comparative field investi­ 893. Fertilization and Early gations of lakes, streams, and other aquatic Embryogenesis habitats. Fall. 3(3-0) Developmental biology, biochemistry and approval of department. ZOL 881. Biology of the Arthropoda 894 recommended concurrently. Winter . .5(3-6) ZOL 481 or approval of Developmental biology of early stages of animal department. Interdepartmental with the De­ life, emphasis on physiology and biochemistry partment of Entomology. of marine invertebrate eg:gs. Ecology, life cycles, morphology, taxonomy, and distribution of arthropoda other than insects. 895. Seminar Topics Fall, Winter, Spring. I credit per term. 882. Cellular ~\forphogenesis May reenroll for a maximum of 6' credits. Ap­ Winter. 2(2-U) One course in proval of department. biochemistnJ, approval of department. Graduate level seminars 011 current research Selected topics on thP structure, biological topics in biology. processes and differentiation of living cells. 896. Animal Community F.cology 883. Laboratory in Cellular Winter of even-numbered years. 4( 4-0) t\-1 orphogenesis ZOL 8.92, approval of instructor. Winter. 2(0-6) Approval of depart­ Patterns and processes in animal communitie~ ment. with emphasis on structure, species diversity Laboratorv work in cellular morphogenesis ac­ and stability. companyi;Jg ZOL 882. 897. Ecm;ystem Ecology 885. Vertebrate Neural Systems I Fall. 3(3-0) ZOL 389 or BOT 450. In­ Fall of odd-numbered years . .5(3-4) terdepartmental with the Department of Approval of department; Al'iT 815 and BPY 827 Fisheries and Wildlife. recommended. Interdepartmental with Concepts of ecosystem structure, energy flow, Biophysics and the departments of Physiology, and nutrient cyding in representative terrestrial and Psychology. Administered by the Depart­ and aquatic ecosystems. ment of Psychology. Structure and function of major component sys­ 899. Master's Thesis Research tems of vertebrate brains, their evolution, on­ Fall, Winter, Spring, Summer. Vari­ togeny and comparative analysis in , able credit. Appro1:al of department. birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish. Interrela­ tion ofhehavioral, anatomical and physiological Research for the master's degree in genetics, studies. morphology, mammalogy, wildlife manage­ nlent, ornithology, fisheries biology, limnology, quantitative biology, invertebrate, experimental 886. Vertebrate Neural Syste1111) II embryology, animal behavior, herpetology. Winter of even-numbered years. 5(3-4) PSY 885. Interdepartmental with Biophysics 999. Doctoral Dissertation Retwarch and the departments of Psychology, and Ph!JSi­ ology. Fall, Winter, Spring, Summer. Vari­ able credit. Approval of department. Continuation ofZOL 88.":i. :\tajor component sys­ tems of \Trtebrate brains, their evolution, on­ Research for the Ph.D. degree in genetic~, nwr­ togeny, and comparative analysis in ma!llmals, phology, mammalogy, wildlife management, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish. Interrela­ ornithology, fisheries biology, limnology, quan­ tion ofbehavioral, anatomical, and physiological titati\·e biology, invertebrate, experimental enl­ bryology, anima! behavior, herpetology. studie~.

890. Special Problems Fall, \t'inter, Spring, Summer. 1 to 15 credits. Two years of undergraduate zoology. Appnn:al of department. Consideration of cunpnt problems.

~1 A-217