Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim , District of Kuala , Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

I. INTRODUCTION

The proposed landfill expansion facility is to be constructed on 130.55 acres of State Government Land in Mukim Jeram, District of , Selangor Darul Ehsan. The Project is initiated by the Selangor State Government through its State Economic Planning Unit (UPEN). It shall be developed by Worldwide Holdings Berhad (WHB) and operated by Worldwide Landfills Sdn. Bhd. (WLSB), which is a subsidiary of the Selangor State Government, i.e., Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Selangor (PKNS). It will share a common boundary at the eastern side with the 160 acres existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill.

The proposed expansion landfill site has been approved by Selangor State Government through their letter Ref: (40)PKNS/SUK/M/1.12 Jld.9 dated 24 March 2014 (refer to Appendix 1) and 130.55 acres land acquisition has been carried out by UPEN and obtained. The proposed expansion of the Sanitary Solid Waste Landfill at Jeram shall have a daily capacity of 1,500 - 3,000 tonnes/day with a total target of 7 million tonnes for its lifespan and is expected to provide municipal waste disposal services for the Districts of , , Petaling, and Kuala Selangor for additional 8.3 years after the year 2017.

The geographical location of the proposed Project Site is a latitude of 03o11’3.91’N and a longitude of 101o21’44.05’E at the southeastern portion of the Project Site near to existing Jeram Landfill and a latitude of 03o11’3.92’N and a longitude of 101o21’11.11’E at the southwestern portion of the Project Site. The proposed Project Site is located approximately 7km from town, 36km from Klang & Shah Alam City and 40km from . Refer to Figure A for General Location of the Project Site.

The Project Site is accessible via the Federal Highway (FR2), joining towards the New North Klang Straits Bypass (E30) and then through Kapar town by Federal Route 5 (Jalan Kapar), turning into State Road (B1) to the Project Site. It can also be accessed via Jalan Hj. Manan from Meru through Jalan Acob Estate to the site.

At present, the whole of the Project Site is an oil palm estate within Tuan Mee Estate and well accesible through the existing main road (Jalan Bukit Kerayong). The existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill is located at the eastern boundary of the Project Site (refer to to Figure B: Current Condition On- site). Based on the Topography Map, the nearest settlement area to the Project Site is Taman Permai Jeram. However, based on Field Survey, the nearest workers settlement is Tuan Mee Estate Worker Quarters and Worker Quarters at Bukit Cloh Estate, which are located approximately 800m and 820m southeastern and southwestern portion respectively from the Project Site.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. i Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Legal status The proposed Project falls under the ambit of item 14(b)(ii), construction of sanitary landfill facility under the Second Schedule of the Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 2015 made under Section 34A of the Environmental Quality Act 1974. The EIA (Schedule 2) report has been submitted in 11st April 2016 and presented to DOE in 17th May 2016. However the EIA (Schedule 2) report has been rejected through their letter [Ref: JAS(PN)50/013/911/088] dated on 17th June 2016 and DOE has instructed the Project Proponent and Environmental Consultant to revise the EIA (Schedule 2) report and to resubmit 37 copies of EIA (Schedule 2) report to DOE for approval (refer to Appendix 4).

The parties involved in this development are:-

i. Project Proponent/Initiator Unit Perancang Ekonomi Negeri Selangor (UPEN) Tingkat 3, Bangunan SSAAS, 40503 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Tel: 03-55447141/42, Fax: 03-55101264 Attn.: Tuan Haji Nor Azmi Diron

ii. Project Developer Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Worldwide Holdings Bhd. No.1, Worldwide@7, Lot 24, Jalan Lazuardi 7/29, Section 7, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Tel.: 03-5510 2556; Fax: 03-5510 4448 Attn.: Datin Paduka Norazlina Zakaria

iii. Project Operator General Manager Worldwide Landfills Sdn. Bhd. No.1-9-2, Level 2, Block 1, Worldwide@7, Lot 24, Jalan Lazuardi 7/29, Section 7, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Tel.: 03-5519 5115; Fax: 03-5519 5045 Attn.: En. Zamri Abdul Rahman

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. ii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

iv. Conceptual Design Engineer Jurutera IRCE Sdn. Bhd. 51-2, Jalan Wangsa Delima 5, Section 5, Wangsa Maju, 53300 Kuala Lumpur. Tel: 03-4142 5411; Fax: 03-4143 8491 Attn.: Ir. Wan Norbadi Wan Nik (Managing Director)

v. Detailed EIA Study Team Europasia Engineering Services Sdn. Bhd. 63A-2 & 65-2, Petaling Utama Avenue, Jalan PJS 1/50, Taman Petaling Utama, 46150 , Selangor Darul Ehsan. Tel: 03-7783 3639; Fax: 03-7784 3200 Attn.: Ms. Geetha P. Kumaran (DoE Reg.: C0020) (Study Team Leader) – Full List of Study Team Members is in Chapter 1 of the report. vi. Accredited Analytical Laboratories (a) SPECTRUM LABORATORIES SDN. BHD. (SAMM No.: 062) Lot 14 Jalan Pendamar 27/90, Seksyen 27 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Tel.: 03-5192 8188 Fax: 03-5191 8188 Attn.: Mr. Casey Kan

(b) UiTM – A&A LABORATORY (SAMM No. 084) Bangunan Makmal Penyelidikan Alam Sekitar Kolej Kediaman Kenanga 2, Universiti Teknologi Mara, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Tel: 03-5512 0663 Fax: 03-5510 3701 Attn.: Puan Azita Ayu bt. Abdul Halim (Lab Manager)

(c) Odour Sampling Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zaini Bin Sakawi (DoE Reg. No.: SS0324) Program Geografi, Pusat Pengajian Sosial, Pembangunan dan Persekitaran FSSK, Universiti Kebangsaan (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor T: 03-89213623, F: 03-89213334, E: [email protected]

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. iii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan.

Figure A: General Location of the Project Site

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. iv

Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan.

Figure B: Current Condition On-site and Daily Jeram Landfill Operation Daily Jeram Landfill Sanitary Operation

Current Condition On-Site

View of the mature oil palm in the southern View of mature oil palm trees in the eastern portion of the Project Site. Cut fronds are placed portion of the Project Site. between oil palm trees to reduce surface runoff and trap fertilizer wash out into the earth drain.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. v

Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

II. STATEMENT OF NEED

Currently, the existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill is operated by WLSB under a 25 year concession agreement with the Selangor State Government. The landfill size is 160 acres and it is designed with a capacity to hold 8 million tonnes of wastes. Approximately 2,500 tonnes of wastes is disposed off at the landfill every day, and to-date 7.1 million tonnes of wastes has been added to the landfill. WLSB estimates that the existing landfill site will be ready for closure by 2017. Hence, the State is in the planning stage to acquire 130.55 acres land adjacent to the existing site to extend the lifetime of this landfill.

Justification The proposed expansion of Jeram Sanitary Solid Waste Landfill in Jeram is crucially needed for the following reasons:  Based on Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing and Local Government (KPKT), out of the 17 sanitary landfill sites in Malaysia, 3 sanitary landfill sites are located in Negeri Selangor including the existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill. Furthermore, the other two (2) sanitary landfill sites which are used to receive municipal wastes from Selangor and Kuala Lumpur areas, i.e., the Bukit Tagar Sanitary Landfill and sanitary landfill are situated very far away approximately 70km and 80km respectively from this proposed site and Districts of Shah Alam, Klang and Kuala Selangor. Therefore, these two (2) sanitary landfill sites are not an ideal site for the solid wastes disposal for the Districts in Klang, Shah Alam and Kuala Selangor.  With the increased generation of municipal solid waste, the growing population and activities in the districts of Shah Alam, Klang and Kuala Selangor, coupled with the diminishing waste disposal capacity in the existing sanitary landfill facilities in Jeram, this has raised the urgency for expansion development of appropriate waste treatment and disposal facilities. It is, therefore, crucial that the existing area of the Jeram Sanitary Landfill facilities to be expanded in order to cater for the growing population, expansion of the land use and development and its associated activities.  To improve and enhance the rate material recover from waste consistent with the Government of Malaysia’s recycling target of 22% by 2020. Through this proposed expansion of Jeram sanitary landfill, approximately 50 tonnes per day material recycling facilities operation can be continued in the existing Jeram Landfill.  To be in line with one of the key points of the 10th Malaysia Plan (2011-2015) and 11th Malaysia Plan (2016-2020) to only provide sanitary landfills for solid waste disposal. This will also translate the Government’s commitment to reduce 40% of GHG’s by the year 2020 besides protecting the environment, safeguarding public health and providing high quality of life to the local population;

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. vi Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

 To minimise and eradicate problems normally associated with non- sanitary landfill or dumping sites as highlighted above;  To be in-line with future and long term planning needs for efficient solid wastes management; and  To adhere to the requirements of Regulations and other standards pertaining to solid waste management related activities which include waste disposal.

III. PROJECT OPTIONS

The available project options can be classified as follows:

a) Site Options (i.e. sanitary landfill) The Site has been identified as infrastructure & utility landuse in the BP7: Jeram, Council Local Plan, 2025 and solid waste disposal areas can be established at the particular area under the conditions “existing waste disposal areas and expansion only”.

b) Access Road Option

Currently, the Site is well accessible. The main access roads linking the Proposed 130.55 acres expansion of Jeram Sanitary Landfill with the surrounding area comprises:-

i. From Shah Alam Access via the Federal Highway (FR2), joining towards the New North Klang Straits Bypass (E30) and then through Kapar town by Federal Route 5, turning into State Road Jalan Bukit Kerayong (B1) to the Project Site. It can also be accessed via Jalan Hj. Manan from Meru through Jalan Acob Estate to the site. There is a internal estate earthen access has already been established whilst the proposed project site is also located at the eastern boundary of the existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill.

ii. From Kuala Lumpur Access via the Sprint Highway (B23), joining towards the North Expressway (E1) turning into Persiaran and continue onto Jalan Meru (B1). Jalan Meru is also assess towards Jalan Hj. Abdul Manan and Persiaran Hamzah Alang (B2) at Klang Central. From there go straight to the Jalan Bukit Kerayong via Jalan Bukit Kapar (B106) and the Proposed Project Site is located at the left portion of the Jalan Bukit Kerayong and existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. vii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

c) Technology Options The most feasible options for solid waste disposal management methods that will form the basis for the rest of the discussion are:  Controlled dumping  Sanitary land filling  Incineration  Composting

As the site is an expansion of the existing landfill, technological options are limited to level 4 sanitary landfill.

i) Level 4: Sanitary landfill with leachate treatment

Thus, a level 4 sanitary landfill (in accordance with “The Technical Guideline for Sanitary Landfill, Design and Operation, August 2006 by the Department of Local Government, Ministry of Housing and Local Government) is required to be provided.

d) Other Development Option

Developing the Site into an industrial development seems as an acceptable option considering that landuse surrounding the Project Site is agriculture land, i.e., oil palm estate. However, this option might not compatible to future landuse as envisaged by the Local Authority, as it contradicts the Kuala Selangor District Local Plan 2025, which has allocated the Site as a designated landfill area.

e) No Project Option

Under the “No Project” or “do nothing” option, the expansion of sanitary landfill will not be constructed and there will be no place to dispose the increasing waste volume. The decision to forego or simply abandon the proposed Project equates to the fact that the existing environment shall be left as it is. Based on the current situation of the existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill on 160 acres of land, it has almost reached its full capacity by this year. The exceedance of waste capacity will cause adverse impacts to the environment.

f) Selected Option

The option of constructing an expansion of sanitary landfill next to the existing Jeram Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, is the selected option for the proposed location. It complements the Kuala Selangor Local Plan, 2025, solid waste disposal areas could be

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. viii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

established at the particular area under the conditions “existing waste disposal areas and expansion only.

IV. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT A. Physical Environment

a) Topography  According to the topographical survey plan, the Project Site is generally categorized as a nearly flat terrain with the average elevations between 2m to 3.5m. The highest point (i.e., 6.64m) within the Project Site is located on the slope of the existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill at the northeastern boundary of the Project Site, while the lowest point is located at the southwestern portion of the Project Site (i.e., 2.00m).  The Project Site is sloping gently from the east towards the west and the average slope gradients are less than 2o.

b) Hydrology  From the hydrological aspect, the Project Site is located on a low lying flat terrain which is drained by numerous earth drains and man-made canals.  The earth drains from the proposed Project Site flows northerly via the excavated canals or channelized Sg. Sembilang which subsequently flows westerly into the Straits of Melaka  Based on the sources of supply and the water intake from the Selangor Structure Plan (2002-2020) and updated by the Environment Quality Act 1974 (Act 127) as of 1st April 2013, there are no water intake points located at the downstream of the Project Site and Sg. Sembilang.

c) Geology and Soils  The regional geology of the proposed Project Site is underlain by unconsolidated and semi-consolidated Quaternary alluvial sediments namely Gula Formation.  The Project Site is situated on the marine alluvium soil of Selangor-Kangkung Association.  There are no geological fault lines within the Project Site.

d) Hydrogeology  The entire Project Site is located on very high potential aquifer regime of this region  The nearest tube wells are located near Meru Town which is approximately 9.5km southeast from the proposed Project Site, could be correlated to the groundwater volume.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. ix Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

e) Landuse (Refer to Figure C)  Agricultural use (Tuan Mee Estate and Sime Darby Estate) dominates the area.  The land use planning study for the proposed expansion site of Jeram Sanitary Landfill will be based on the Zone of Impact (ZOI) (refer to Table A), The study area will be divided into two (2) categories, namely: i. directly impacted zone; i.e. within 0 – 250m, 250 – 500m, 500m – 1km, 1 – 2km, and 2 – 3km circumference from the proposed site boundary. ii. Indirectly impacted zone; i.e. within 3 – 4km, and 4 – 5km circumference from the proposed site boundary.  The closest settlement to proposed site located within 800m away, i.e., Tuan Mee Workers Quarters to the southeast of the ZOI.

f) Climate  A baseline climatic information presented in the subchapters is established based on the climatological data (i.e. rainfall, evaporation, temperature and relative humidity) recorded from Subang Airport station (as attached in Appendix 9 – The Meteorological Data of Subang Airport from the year 1996 - 2015).  The lowest and highest 24 Hour Mean Temperature were 27.1oC (in the year of 2008) and 28.5oC (in the years of 1998 and 2010) respectively.  The average of the total annual rainfall from the year 1996-2015 was recorded at approximately 2,802.1 mm.  The lowest and highest 24 Hour Mean Relative Humidity recorded at Subang Airport, from the year 1995-2015 were 75.9% (in the year of 2009) and 80.9% (in the year of 2012) respectively.  The highest water balance was in November (i.e., +235.2 mm), i.e., the month with the heaviest rainfall, while the lowest was in June (i.e., -5.2 mm).  The west wind has the highest velocity with the mean speed of 2.7m/s when compared to other directional winds. The highest frequency of wind occurrence is from the northwest with the percentage of 12.9%.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. x Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Table A: List of Communities and Land Usage within the Zone of Impact (ZOI) Area. DISTANCE BETWEEN COMMUNITIES/ LAND COMMUNITIES/ NAME OF COMMUNITIES/ LAND USAGE USAGE AND EXPANSION LAND USAGE OF JSL’S BOUNDARY Jeram Sanitary Landfill (existing) Infrastructure 0 – 250 meter Tuan Mee Estate Agriculture Jeram Sanitary Landfill (existing) Infrastructure 250 – 500 meter Tuan Mee Estate, Bukit Cloh Estate Agriculture Jeram Sanitary Landfill (existing) Infra. & Utility Tuan Mee Estate, Bukit Cloh Estate Agriculture 500 meter – 1 kilometer Tuan Mee Estate’s Office and worker quarters Agriculture Bukit Cloh Estate’s Office and worker quarters Agriculture Temple Institution Bukit Cherakah Oil Palm Mill Industry 1 – 2 kilometer Tuan Mee Estate, Bukit Cloh Estate, Eng Soon Agriculture Estate PETRONAS Gases Distribution Station Infra. & Utility Kuil Seri Mariama Institution 2 – 3 kilometer Bukit Cherakah Estate’s worker quarters and Agriculture management office Poultry farm Livestock Part of Kg. Simpang Tiga Jeram Village Taman Permai Housing Part of SRJK (T) Ladang Bukit Cherakah, Part of 3 – 4 kilometer Institution SMK Jeram Tambak Jawa Industrial Area, part of Sg. Sembilang Industry Industrial Area Part of Kg. Simpang Tiga Jeram, Kg. Tambak Jawa, Village Kg. Sg. Serdang, Kg. Tok Muda, Kg. Bukit Kerayong Tmn. Sungai Sembilang, Tmn. Sejahtera, Tmn. Kenari, Tmn. Setia Budi, Tmn. Jati, Tmn. Ehsan, Tmn. Seri Dua Belas, Tmn. Sri Kapar 1, Tmn. Seri Housing Kerayong, Tmn. Kapar Permai, Tmn. Damai 2, Tmn. 4 – 5 kilometer Saga, Tmn. Jaya 2, Tmn. Melawati, part of Tmn. Indah and Tmn. Intan Jaya. Kapar Town Urban Part of Sg. Sembilang Industrial Area, NS Bluescope Industry Malaysia Sdn Bhd Part of SRJK (T) Ladang Bukit Cherakah, Part of Institution SMK Jeram Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025 and Klang Municipal Council Local Plan, 2020. Town & Country Planning Department (TCPD), Selangor State (2014). Land Use Verification and Field Inspection, November & December 2014.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xi Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure C: Landuse Map of Proposed Expansion Site of Jeram Sanitary Landfill and Its Zone of Impact (ZOI).

Cockle Farm

Cockle Farm

Cockle Farm Bkt Cherakah Estate Workers Quarters Tuan Mee Estate Worker Quarters

Bukit Cloh Estate Workers Quarters

Cockle Farm

Cockle Farm

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025, Klang Municipal Council Local Plan 2020. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

V. BASELINE INFORMATION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE

A. Physical Environment a) Soil Investigation (SI) Work  The soil investigation (SI) was carried out by soil investigation Contractor, Messrs. Pantas Drilling Sdn. Bhd. under the supervision of Consulting Engineers, Jurutera IRCE Sdn. Bhd. for the Project Site and laboratory tests were carried out by the Geosoil Engineering. There are five (5) nos. of deep boreholes (i.e. BH1 to BH5) and twelve (12) nos. of monitoring wells drilled within the Project Site. The field works started on 27th March 2015 and continue on 26th November 2015 to facilitate water level measurements and groundwater sampling during monitoring programme and finished on 2nd December 2015.  Based on the SI field work and the laboratory test results, the subsoil condition on site can be simplified into three (3) main strata. The properties of the subsoil layers are as follows: a) Subsoil Layer 1 (3 < N ≤ 8) – Very Soft to Medium Stiff Marine CLAY b) Subsoil Layer 2 (10 < N ≤ 34) – Stiff to Dense Silty SAND and Clayey SAND c) Subsoil Layer 3 (N> 50) – Hard layer of Sandstone Bedrock

b) Water Quality  Water from ten (10) sampling points located at the upstream and downstream of the proposed site in Sg. Sembilang and Sg. Tambak Jawa Besar were taken and a total of thirty two (32) water quality parameters were tested in terms of physical and chemical parameters.  Most of the sampling points were classified for WQI class value as class III, class IV and class V. Only W8 during high tide session is classified as class II.  Meanwhile, baseline data in Year 2006 before the Jeram Sanitary Landfill had

already shown exceedance of reading for parameters of DO, COD, BOD, NH3-N, Manganese and Iron.

c) Marine Water Quality  Water from three (3) sampling points located at the Strait Malacca, downstream of the Sg. Sembilang and Project Site were taken and a total of twenty (20) water quality parameters were tested in terms of physical, chemical and biological parameters.  In general, many parameters tested were within Class II classification of the Marine Water Quality Criteria and Standards (MWQCS) except for TSS, lead, zinc,

Ammonia, NO2, NO3, phosphate and faecal coliform.  Compared against baseline result (2006), parameters of Copper, Lead, Phosphate, Ammonia and Faecal Coliform had already exceeded the Class II of MWQCS.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xiii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

d) Groundwater Quality  Four (4) tube wells were constructed in the proposed landfill expansion site.  Generally, most of the parameters recorded are within the National Guidelines on Raw Drinking Water Quality.  Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in points GW1 (high tide - 1068mg/L), GW2 (high tide – 1980mg/L, low tide – 1214mg/L) and GW3 (low tide – 1258mg/L) has exceeded the standard limit of 1000mg/L, MOH’s Benchmark limit of National Drinking Water Quality Standards, 2004.  Iron, Lead, Selenium, Nitrate, Manganese and Chloride in most of the sampling points has exceeded the DOE’s Benchmark limit.  Total Coliform count was recorded higher at all sampling points for both high tide and low tide samplings.  Compared against baseline result (2006), parameters Arsenic, Chromium, Iron, Mercury, Lead, Sulphate and Manganese within the existing Jeram Landfill Site before development had already exceeded the MOH’s Benchmark limit of National Drinking Water Quality Standards, 2004.

e) LTP Final Discharge Quality  Many parameters tested were within the standard limit of the Second Schedule (Regulation 13) of Environmental Quality (Control of Pollution from Solid Waste Transfer Station and Landfill) Reg. 2009: Acceptable Conditions for Discharge of Leachate except for BOD (March 2016), Mercury (March 2016), Ammoniacal Nitrogen (November 2015, December 2015, April 2016 and May 2016), zinc (November 2015), Formaldehyde (November 2015) and Manganese (November, December 2015 & January and March 2016).

f) Air Quality  Air quality measurements were conducted at 5 locations i.e., A1- within the Project Site, A2-Taman Permai Jeram, A3-Bukit Cherakah Estate Workers Quarter, A4-Tuan Mee Estate Workers Quarters, A5-Kg. Sg. Sembilang.  From the results obtained all parameters showed levels below the Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Limits.

g) Noise Quality  The location of the noise quality sampling points is the same with the air quality sampling points.

 The noise levels (Leq) measured at N1, N2, N4 and N5 during day time and all sampling points during night time were exceeded the respective Maximum Permissible Sound Levels of 55 dB(A) during day time and 45dB(A) during night time.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xiv Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

The sources of noise were from the birds, frogs and insect sound, sound of vehicles passing by and also from human activities near the oil palm plantation.

h) Odour  The location of the odour concentration sampling points is the same with the air quality sampling points.  The odour concentrations levels ranged between ranges from 8- 134 ou/m3. One location was also placed at Jeram Sanitary Landfill as control.  The highest reading is recorded at 134 ou/m3 at Bukit Cherakah Estate Workers Quarters during afternoon session (2pm).

B. Biological Environment

Flora Study Based on site vegetation studied, the density of the oil palm is estimated approximately 148 trees per hectare. The oil palm trees in the most of the transect zones ranged from mature to old planting, which are ranged above 10 years planting whilst the estate floor was fairly densely covered with leguminous, herbaceous vegetation, weeds, undergrowth and ferns. Diameters (at breast height, DBH) of all the measured mature oil palm have recorded more than 80cm. There is no rare or endemic plant species found. The total AGB for the Project Site is 6,438.92 tonnes or 121.88 tonnes/Ha. The total Carbon and CO2 equivalent estimated for the oil palm of the Project Site is 3,219.46 tonnes and 11,815.42 tonnes respectively.

Faunal Study There is no endangered species in the study area. There are 7 Families and 15 species of mammals near the Project Site with two protected mammals (Common Tree Shrew and Lesser Tree Shrew). Meanwhile there are 9 Families and 16 species of reptiles and amphibians are found and likely to be found within the site and surroundings. All are protected species except for the Green crested lizards, Malayan Giant Toad, Common Toad and Common Toad. In addition, the Project Site is not located within Important Bird Areas (IBA) and 21 species of Birds are present at the project Site and also surrounding oil palm plantations.

Marine Resources (Aquatic Ecology) Study

Methodology The study involved the collection of both primary as well as secondary data collection. Primary data collection was based on field assessments of the aquatic environment involved the collection of water and sediment samples at 11 sampling stations for plankton and macrobenthic density and diversity assays, where four (S1- S4) samples collected at Sg. Sembilang, while seven (S5 - S11) samples

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xv Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

collected off Sg. Janggut up to Pantai Remis. As for fish fauna assessment, eight (8) sampling stations were involved (river station: S1-S4; brackish water/marine stations: S5-S8). The food contamination assessment were undertaken at six (6) sampling stations i.e., S6 – S11, which involved marine invertebrates, particularly shellfish. In addition, two transect lines (T1-T2) were taken for mangrove assessment. Secondary data were collected from various sources, include literature review of all existing data, reports (published and unpublished), records and other secondary sources with respect to the study area as well as meetings and discussion with officers from Fisheries District Office at Kuala Selangor and Klang.

Water Quality on Marine Ecosystem Water quality assessment undertaken for this study indicated that some of the river water quality parameter such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, ammoniacal nitrogen, fluoride, manganese, zinc and boron were recorded at deleterious levels at certain sampling stations. This may be contributed by the landfill leachate from the existing landfill, runoff from palm oil plantation, effluent discharge from industrial areas or other surrounding sources. As for marine water quality, only total suspended solids, ammonia, nitrate, phosphate and zinc were at deleterious levels at certain sampling stations.

Phytoplankton Phytoplankton composition at the freshwater stations (S1-S4) consisted of four (4) major phyla i.e., Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Euglenophyta. The most abundant phylum was Bacillariophyta, which constituted 80.43% of the total phytoplankton density, followed by Euglenophyta (16.9%), while Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta contributed less than 3%. The density ranged from 12.10 – 7,576.89 cells/mL or averaged at 2,214.95 cells/mL. The diversity index for phytoplankton ranged from 0.48 – 1.33, where S1 and S3 showed low diversity pattern, while S2 and S4 was moderately diverse.

At brackishwater (S5) and marine (S6 – S11) stations, three (3) phytoplankton phyla were identified i.e. Bacillariophyta, Dinoflagellata and Cyanophyta. Bacillariophyta was the most dominant phylum, accounting for 98.03% of the total phytoplankton density, followed by Dinoflagellata (1.93%) and Cyanophyta (0.04%). The total density ranged from 323.05 – 2,500.85 cells/mL or averaged at 1,100.61 cells/mL. In term of species diversity, the Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H’) value ranged from 0.88 – 1.73, which most stations showed a moderate diversity pattern, except S7 was low diversity.

Zooplankton Three (3) different phyla of zooplankton were recorded i.e., Arthropoda, Rotifera and Amoebozoa at the freshwater stations. Phylum Arthropoda had the largest fraction of the total zooplankton population, accounting for 50.3% of the total density, while Rotifera and Amoebozoa contributed

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xvi Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

48.4% and 1.2% respectively. Their densities ranged from 0.40 – 1.00 ind./L or averaged at 9.14 ind./L. The Shannon Weiner Diversity Index (H’) values ranged from 0.74 – 1.31 indicating a low diversity pattern.

At brackishwater (S5) and marine (S6 – S11) stations, zooplankton were represented by six (6) major phyla, i.e. Arthropoda, Annelida, Mollusca, Chordata, Chaetognatha and Cnidaria. Arthropoda was the most dominant phylum, contributed 92.42% of the total zooplankton density. The densities ranged from 16.05 – 219.50 ind./L and averaged at 130.93 ind./L. As for species diversity, the Shannon Weiner Diversity Index (H’) ranged from 0.57 – 2.00, which most stations showed a moderate diversity pattern.

Macrobenthos Macrobenthic invertebrates at the freshwater stations recorded three (3) major phyla i.e., Annelida, Arthropoda and Mollusca. Phylum Arthropoda (48.4%) was most abundant form of macrobenthic organism found, followed by Annelida (41.9%) and Mollusca (9.7%). Their densities ranged from 60 - 100 ind./m² and averaged at 78 ind./m2. In terms of Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H’), the values ranged from 1.01-1.56 indicating a moderate diversity pattern

At brackish water (S5) and marine (S6 – S11) stations, macrobenthos represented by Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca and Echinodermata. Annelida was the most dominant phylum and constituted about 57.7% of the total macrobenthos density, followed by Mollusca (25.9%) and Arthropoda (19.0%), while Echinodermata cover 1.4%. The densities ranged from 40 - 480 ind./m² and averaged at 210 ind./m2. The Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H’) values ranged from 1.00 – 2.34 indicating a moderate diversity pattern

Fish Fauna At the freshwater station, only a single individual of adult Sepat Ronggeng (Trichogaster trichopterus) was caught i.e., at S1. The total length and weight recorded were 7.2 cm and 3 g respectively.

For the marine fish fauna, a total of 78 individuals were caught comprised of 13 species fishes and one (1) species of crab. The species caught includes Ikan Duri (Nemapteryx caelata, Sciades sona, Arius sp.), Serampai (Panna microdon), Gelama (Johnius carouna), Gelama Gigi (Pennahia anea), Belanak (Chelon melinopterus), Selangat (Anodontostoma chacunda), Senangin (Eleutheronema tetradactylum), Daun Baharu (Drepane punctata), Selar (Alepes vari), Kasai (Setipinna taty), Bawal Putih (Pampus argenteus) and Ketam Renjong (Portunus pelagicus). The total weight amounts to 4,615g with lengths ranging from 2.8 – 36.6 cm. Most of the species caught were juveniles. All species caught were widely distributed in Malaysian coastal waters.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xvii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Food Contamination The food tainting assessment carried out for the shellfish indicated that most of the heavy metals, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and ammonia were well within the permissible limits set by the Malaysian Food Act 1983 and Food Regulations 1985 (Legal Research Board, 2010) as well as other international limits such as Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization (FAO/WHO, 2004), Australian Legal Requirements for Food Safety (NHMRC, 1987), Food and Drug Administration of the United States (USFDA, 1990), Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department (HKEPD, 1997), Ministry of Public Health, Thailand (MPHT, 1986) and International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES, 1988). However, one (1) parameter i.e., arsenic was found to have exceeded the permissible limits at S8. Long-term exposure to high levels of inorganic arsenic associated with skin disorders and increased risks for diabetes, high blood pressure and several types of cancer.

Mangroves Mangroves were found located along the riverbank adjacent to the Sg. Sembilang fish landing point. Two (2) species of mangroves were recorded i.e. Sonneratia alba (Sonneraticeae) and Avicennia marina (Acanthaceae). These species usually dominates the riverbank as well as the shoreline and subject to inundation by the tides. The girth size of mangrove trees recorded ranged from 5 – 100 cm with height around 5- 20 m.

Capture Fisheries There were six (6) fish landing points located at the downstream of the study area i.e. Sg. Buloh, Jeram, Sg. Sembilang, Sg. Janggut, Kg. Tok Muda and Sg. Kapar. A total of 427 fishermen were recorded operating from these six (6) fish landing points. There were a total of 350 units of vessels at the landing points. A total of 75 boats were inboards, while the rest was outboard vessels. The main fishing gears used were drift nets. Most fishing activity was conducted from 1-10 km from shoreline until Pantai Remis and Pulau Angsa. The fish catch were estimated at 1-5kg/boat/day and 10- 30kg/boat/day for outboard and inboard powered boats respectively. The gross income estimated at RM50-60/day/fishermen for outboard and RM100-150/day/fishermen for inboard powered boats.

Aquaculture In addition to capture fisheries, there are also aquaculture activities at downstream of the project area. The systems being practiced were shrimp pond culture (Batu 17, Jeram), cockle farming (off Kapar, Sg. Buloh and Jeram) and marine hatchery operations (Sg. Sembilang. Sg. Janggut and Pantai Jeram). In 2014, the shrimp production amounted to 80 tonnes, valued at RM1.6 million, while cockle production estimated at 4,960.96 tonnes (RM8.93 million). As for fish fry production, 448.1 million fingerlings were produced (RM9.49 million).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xviii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Recreational Fisheries No recreational fisheries activities were undertaken in the vicinity of the proposed project area. However, at the downstream area, recreational fishing was undertaken at Kolam Seri Kemuning and Pantai Remis for shore-based angling and Sg. Sembilang and Sg. Jeram for boat-based angling. The total recreational fishing effort is estimated at 16,335 person days a year, of which 96.7% came from shore-based angling, while remaining 3.3% from boat-based angling. The estimate total economic value from the recreational fisheries amounts to RM0.84 million per year.

C. Social-Economic Environment

The study area falls within southern part of Mukim Jeram. Within the Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025, the study area is designated in Small Planning Block 7.3. Total number of population in Mukim Jeram in year 2010 is 45,352 persons. Most of the mukim’s populations are settled in the north-western part of the Mukim, such as Jeram Town, Taman Setia Budi, Taman Jati and Taman Ehsan. However, the worker quarters for Tuan Mee Estate and Bukit Cherakah – Bukit Cloh Estate being identified within 500m to 1km circumference from project site boundary.

A total of 450 respondents had been interviewed, which consist of 304 (67.6%) respondents from directly impacted zone and 146 (32.4%) from indirectly impacted zone. Based on survey, 67.1% are Malays, 18.4% are Chinese, 14.2% are Indians and 0.2% is other – an Iban who settled at Kg. Tambak Jawa. The highest percentage (26%) of respondents is from the 51 to 60 years old age group. 58.4% of respondents are male. In terms of assets, about 87% were found to owned their houses, while the remainder were tenants, including those (4.7%) who are squatting on government land or sitting on leased land / TOL. Majority of the respondents (53%) were identified as being not in the working group - which referred to students; housewives; and pensioners (17% respondents are aged 61 years old and above).

From the 450 respondents interviewed, only two (2) respondents knew of the project. From this, it can be concluded that the impacted group are not aware of the proposed project. On their desire to know more of the projects, only 2 respondents (0.4%) indicated “not interested”. The highest percentages (47% or 211 respondents) are among those falling under the “moderately interested” category. Initial reactions to the project showed 45.6% respondents are generally agreeable with the proposed project.

However, after their first briefing on the project and acknowledging the possible impacts, the level of public acceptance of the project (“agree to strongly agree”) decreased from 45.6% to 38%. Conditions were also laid down by 15.3% of the respondents who were moderately agreeable. Among them are scheduled on-site monitoring and pollution controls, upgrade existing facilities/system and further reduce odour, avoid interfering with local communities’ daily activities, re- route garbage trucks routes, and increase rates of recycle and to process generated waste as organic fertilizers.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xix Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure D: Project Site and Social Economic Impact Assessment Zone of Impact (ZOI) Study Area.

Bkt Cherakah Estate Workers Quarters Tuan Mee Estate Workers Quarters Bkt ClohEstate Workers Quarters

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025, Klang Municipal Council Local Plan 2015. Town & Country Planning Department, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xx Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

D. Baseline for Public Health Status

Based on the environmental sanitation factors studied, we may deduce that the environmental sanitation status of the communities surveyed is still unsatisfactory with respect to its garbage disposal practices. Nevertheless, the area seems to enjoy good housing, proper toilets and full coverage of treated, piped water supply. The setting up of this sanitary landfill will help to improve the domestic garbage disposal practices in the area.

Among the 2,191 residents from the 450 households that were surveyed, the highest prevalence rates were for hypertension (2.3%) followed by asthma (2.1%) and diabetes mellitus (1.8%). Residents with asthma may experience some health problems and discomfort from air pollution which may be generated during the construction phase of the project. However, its prevalence is relatively low. The prevalence of these reported diseases were well below the national average except for HIV/AIDS. However, there was only one reported case of HIV infected person in the community surveyed.

E. Traffic

Existing Condition The traffic survey was conducted on the 3rd week of February 2015 where the peak hour survey conducted had been divided into two time frames as below: -  Morning peak - 7.00 am - 10.00 am  Evening peak - 4.00 pm - 7.00 pm For the traffic count and observation, all the expected access to ingress and egress of the proposed development had been carried out as listed below: a) J1: Jln Bukit Kerayong (B1)/ Jln Simpang Tiga Jeram (B104) Junction; b) J2: Local road (Jeram Sanitary Landfill)/ Jln Bukit Kerayong (B1) Junction; and c) J3: Jln Bukit Kerayong (B1)/ State Road B105 Junction;

Based on the survey results, the critical morning and evening peak occur between the following hours where these two peak hours represent the highest total traffic volumes observed per hour on an area- wide basis in the vicinity of the study area: - • Morning peak hours - 7.30 am – 8.30 am • Evening peak hours - 4.30 pm – 5.30 pm

For road performance, it still operates below the road capacity and in good LOS whilst the junction (J2 Junction) also performs in good condition and stable delays.

Future Forecast Forecast of total future traffic is based on two different traffic components.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxi Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

. Normal traffic growth, which consists of through traffic and other traffic - Based on the traffic census data, it is recommended that Jalan Bukit Kerayong (B1) will be using the 3.81% per annum as its normal growth during morning and evening peak hours.

. Development traffic, which consists traffic generated and attracted by the proposed development – From the survey done at the existing landfill, it is estimated that the average trips generated somewhat in between 360 and 550 daily trips. As for morning peak hour traffic is somewhat 189 trips per hour whilst evening peak is estimated around 232 trips per hour.

VI. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

a) Project Concept The landfill expansion is remained as a Level 4 landfill, i.e., sanitary landfill that is complete with waste cells, liner, 3R facility, leachate collection and treatment system, landfill gas collection and venting system, groundwater and effluent monitoring system, daily cover and perimeter fencing. The summary of the landfill design concept is as below:

 Existing landfill area : 160 acres (64.75 Ha)  Proposed Expansion : 130.55 acres (52.83 Ha)  Originally Designed For : 1250 ton/day  Current : 1500 ton – 2500 ton/day  Current Waste Density (Compacted) : 1000 kg/m3  Lifespan of the Landfill (Expansion) : 8.3 years  Construction Method : Cell Method

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure E: Existing Jeram Landfill and Proposed Landfill Expansion Layout Plan

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxiii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

b) Development Component and Amenities for Landfill Expansion

i. Shared Components and Amenities

Since this is the expansion of landfill and there is no increase in staffing, logistic etc., the existing site components and amenities as listed below (refer to Figure F) will continue to be utilized:

A) Administrative office B) Waste reception area C) Internal and external road network D) Washing facilities E) Parking For Landfill equipments and vehicles F) Workshop and maintenance area G) Firefighting facilities and equipment H) Weighbridge I) Sewerage

ii. Landfill Phasing

The existing landfill was sequentially developed in six (6) phases (refer to Table B). The initial phase, Phase 0, was developed as an ‘Advance Cell’ along with the necessary infrastructures.

Table B: Estimated Airspace and Life of Each Landfill Development Area Landfill Phase Airspace Volume (m3) Estimated Life (years) 0 - Existing - - Existing - 1 - Existing - - Existing - 2 - Existing - - Existing - 3 - Existing - - Existing - 4 - Existing - - Existing - 5 - Existing - - Existing - 6 - Existing - - Existing - 7 2,040,811.00 1.90 8 1,017,062.00 0.95 9 962,110.00 0.90 10 910,316.00 0.85 Final Closure 4,665,836.97 3.69 Total 9,596,136.46 8.29 Note: a) The landfill Phases, as listed, are in the order of development b) The Airspace Volume and Estimated Life are based on the airspace/waste volume disposed within the base of each Phase as it is developed sequentially, inclusive of the volume that can also be disposed vertically above previous phases

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxiv Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure F: Proposed Overall Layout Plan of the Leachate Treatment Plant and Landfill Gas Wells

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxv Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Waste Cell  Each cell will have its own leachate drainage and piping system.  The piping material is normally HDPE PN12 material and perforated.

iii. 3R Facility/Sorting Centre (Existing Materials Recovery Facilities 50 tonnes/day)  All incoming waste will be transported to the Sorting Centre and proper or suitable tipping area will be provided.  The segregation process will be done manually.

iv. Leachate Collection and Treatment System Processes that are involved in the treatment of leachate are as follows:

Process Description of Upgraded Leachate Treatment Plant  Leachate Collection & Equalization Ponds  Contingency for High Incoming Leachate Concentration (refer to Figure G)  Biological Treatment  Physical Chemical Treatment (Chemical Dosing & Dissolved Air Flotation)  Clear Water Tank  Final Polishing with RO (Reverse Osmosis) System (or system with equivalent performance)  Sludge Handling  Operation, Maintenance and Performance Monitoring

Figure G: Contingency for High Incoming Leachate Concentration (New)

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxvi Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

v. LTP Upgrading requirements An expansion of the existing LTP is required in order to meet the following requirements: i. Additional flow from new Cell ii. Upgrade to enhance all the additional improvements that the Project Proponent had embarked on as permanent features of the LTP iii. Include additional unit processes to meet Design Final Discharge Requirements (refer to Table C) especially in relation to BOD, Suspended Solids, Ammoniacal Nitrogen, Mercury, Lead and Nickel.

Table C: Design Final Discharge Parameters Parameters Unit Design Concentrations Reference pH 6 - 9 2nd Schedule (Reg 13) 0 BOD5 @ 20 C mg/l 6 Water Quality Modeling COD mg/l 122 2nd Schedule (Reg 13) Suspended Solids mg/l 15 Water Quality Modeling Ammoniacal Nitrogen mg/l 0.3 Water Quality Modeling Mercury mg/l 0.001 Water Quality Modeling Lead mg/l 0.007 Water Quality Modeling Nickel mg/l 0.007 Water Quality Modeling All other parameters not specifically stated above shall meet 2nd Schedule (Regulation 13) discharge standards.

The upgraded LTP process flow can be graphically described in a Process Flow Chart as shown in Figure H and the Mass Balance Diagram is shown in Figure I. The comparison of the existing LTP system and Upgraded system is shown in Table D to Table I.

vi. Gas Collection System

Landfill gas management will be put in place as part of Jeram Sanitary Landfill Expansion Development. The “T” connection of gas and leachate collection pipes allows the landfill mass to function under semi anaerobic, which minimize the potential generation of methane gas

(CH4). During the landfill operation, additional vertical gas pipe connection will be required as the waste levels are increased to achieve final closure level.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxvii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Table D: Comparison of Equalization Ponds Features Existing LTP Upgrading of LTP Volume of Equalization Pond 1, m3 4,500 34,800 Volume of Equalization Pond 2, m3 3,000 4,500 Total equalization volume, m3 7,500 39,300 Design daily leachate flow, m3/day 450 920 Retention, days 15.6 days 42.7 Mixing capacity, kW None 44 Emergency Pond, m3 None 4,500 Retention, days None 4.9

Table E: Comparison of SBR System Features Existing LTP Upgrading of LTP 1st stage SBR reactor volume, m3 10,800 10,800 2nd stage SBR reactor volume, m3 5,000 10,000 3rd stage SBR reactor volume, m3 5,000 3,000 Total SBR volume, m3 20,800 23,800 1st stage SBR Aeration Capacity, kW 192 360 2nd stage SBR Aeration Capacity, kW 96 240 3rd stage SBR Aeration Capacity, kW 64 60 Total Aeration Capacity, kW 352 660

Table F: Comparison of DAF System Features Existing LTP Upgrading of LTP DAF Feed Pond, m3 2,000 2,000 Capacity of DAF, m3/hr 20 45 Dosing Regime Yes Yes

FeCl3 as coagulant Yes Yes Sodium Hydroxide for pH adjustment Yes Yes Polymer as flocculant aid Yes Yes Clear Water Tank Reactions Yes Yes

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxviii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Table G: Comparison of Final Polishing System Features Existing LTP Upgrading of LTP Sand Filter Yes Yes Ultrafiltration System No Yes Activated Carbon Filter Yes Yes Microfiltration No Yes RO System No Yes

Table H: Removal Efficiencies of Process Units. Parameters SBR (%) DAF (%) Final Polishing (%) Removal Removal Removal Historical COD 59 90 7 Removal % BOD 94 84 33 Ammoniacal Nitrogen 96 76 Design COD 64 90 75 Removal % BOD 94.4 85 90 Ammoniacal Nitrogen 97 99.82

Table I: Comparison of Sludge Dewatering System Features Existing LTP Upgrading of LTP Filter Press 850 l/cycle x 1 850 l/cycle x 1 1,000 l/cycle x 1 Or alternatively (i) belt press (ii) sludge decanter

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxix Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure H: Process Flow Chart

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxx Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure I: Mass Balance Diagram

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxxi Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

c) Landfill Operation A schematic process flow of the overall sanitary landfill operation is as below:

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxxii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

d) Development Work and Schedule The proposed landfill expansion development is scheduled to increase the lifespan of 8.3 years. Year 0 refer to the land acquisition, landfill design study & investigation and construction of the landfill cell with initial facilities. Receiving and tipping of wastes start at the mid of the Year 1 which also the start of the operation year. Thereafter, additional landfill cell construction and closure of the cells would be staged according to the concession years with the sequential landfill closure from the Year 3 to 10. The final closure work period will start from Year 11 to 12.

VII. SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & THE PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES The key environmental issues are those related to activities during the site clearing, construction phase and operational phase. All the impacts that are likely to be generated by the proposed Project together with the proposed mitigation measures are summarized in Table J.

VIII. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

Apart from the recommendation of mitigating measures, this report also emphasizes on the formulation and implementation of an environmental management plan (EMP). This plan involves the participation of the Project developer, local authorities, consultants as well as the contractors. The outline of the EMP relies on a collective effort from all the various group involved regardless of their level of involvement in the hierarchy. All parties involved in the proposed development must be sensitive to the site constraints and be informed and aware of the environmental impacts and measures that must be implemented to ensure compliance to the environmental requirements.

The management schemes and monitoring program proposed for the proposed Project at construction and operational levels are:  Environmental Management Unit (EMU) is set up to ensure that mitigation measures, environmental monitoring are being implemented and monitored at site. The EMU is also responsible in liaison activities with other agencies pertaining to environmental related matters. Collective effort towards systematic implementation of the environmental management programs is vital to secure an effective EMP.  An Environmental Officer (EO) and Certified Competent Persons shall be appointed before the commencement of works at site. Environmental Officer is the person in charge in all environmental related issues in the Project Site.  Selection of environmental components, monitoring stations, parameters and frequency are governed by the DEIA approval conditions to be issued by DoE upon careful consideration of all aspects of the Project.  At this preliminary stage the issue of water quality is identified as being the most prominent.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxxiii Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

As such, the monitoring scheme recommended for this development mainly deals with monitoring of sediment basin discharge and surface water quality of Sg. Sembilang and Project Site itself during the construction phase. Grab surface water quality samples are proposed to be at seven (7) sampling locations, i.e., W1, W2, W3, W4 & W5 (Sg. Sembilang), W6, W7 (Project Site earth drain).  The final discharge point (WT-FD) for the existing LTP will be monitored as per scheduled.  Grab groundwater quality samples for monitoring wells are proposed to be at four (4) sampling locations i.e., GW1, GW2, GW3, and GW4.  Groundwater level of the monitoring wells needs to be monitored based on the established four (4) nos i.e., MW1, MW2, MW3 and MW4 wells on site.  Air and noise quality monitoring at nearest sensitive receptor;  At operation stage, monitoring discharged water quality (point WT-FD) from the leachate treatment plant (LTP) should be conducted every month and also at the predetermined baseline sampling points, especially at point W2 & W3, i.e., before, after and at the final discharge point of LTP into the Sg. Sembilang).  Current Performance monitoring (In situ and Ex-situ) of the leachate treatment system on weekly and monthly basis and LTP discharge to be continued and analysed by ES Laboratories Sdn. Bhd. Parameters monitored in-situ on site are pH, temperature, DO, sludge volume, sludge volume index, MLSS, Manganese (Mn) and Ammoniacal Nitrogen (AN). Meanwhile, heavy metal and chemical parameters are being monitored ex-situ by ES

Laboratories Sdn. Bhd. In addition, parameter such as BOD5, COD, Ammoniacal Nitrogen (AN) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) on Raw Leachate and Final Discharge (WT-FD) are being carried out on weekly basis.  Implementation of a compliance program that serves as a qualitative checks and review on site environmental management as well as being formulated to evaluate presence and efficiency of mitigating measures.  Environmental training in terms of environmental awareness for contractors and their sub- contractors who will be involved in the construction phase of the Project.  Emergency Response Plan (ERP) is to establish an organizational structure and procedures for response to major emergencies on site. Essentially the ERP identifies the possible incidences of emergencies and the corresponding set of actions that will prevent additional problems or harm to on-site workers, the public, property or the environment.

IX. Post Closure and Rehabilitation Plan

The proposed expansion of Jeram Sanitary Landfill and the existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill, though it will be designed with proper facilities and operation where burden on the safe closure might be not significant, but the owner and operator must conduct post-closure care at required years depending

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxxiv Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

on the development planned after this landfill has reached its maximum lifespan. Post closure activities should consist of at least the following:  Maintain the integrity and effectiveness of any final cover, including making repair to the cover as necessary to correct the effects of settlement, subsidence, erosion, or other events, and preventing run-on and runoff from eroding or otherwise  Maintain and operate the leachate collection system in accordance with regulations and other standards requirements.  Monitor the groundwater in accordance with the requirements of regulations and standards;  Maintain and operates the gas monitoring system in accordance with the requirements regulations and other standards requirements.

Therefore, an appropriate monitoring and evaluation system to determine whether a potential release from a landfill poses, or may still have potential to pose will be established.

X. Kesimpulan Kajian

This Schedule 2 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study is conducted for the “Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan”. The report has assessed the three (3) main facets of environmental entities i.e. physical, biological and socio-economics of the human settlements. Studies were carried within the project site itself and its surrounding areas.

The Project Proponent is UPEN Selangor and to be developed and operated by Worldwide Holdings Bhd. and Worldwide Landfills Sdn. Bhd (WLSB) respectively.

Existing biological environment within the Project Site is limited to the flora and fauna composition similar to that of an agricultural estate and shrubs in Peninsular Malaysia. As the urbanization and agricultural development activities at the Project Site surroundings, i.e., housing settlement, industry and plantation, there is no Environmental Sensitive Areas (ESA) within its proximity of 5km except for Cockle Farm which is 7km towards the east from the Project site. The observations made during the field survey have revealed that Faunal and Floral species are common and possess no conservation value.

In reviewing the proposed Project and its’ anticipated integration with the existing environment of the Project Site, one of main concerns is the social acceptability of the Proposed Project. Hence, an SIA survey as well as Stakeholder and Public Dialogues have been conducted. The dialogues were conducted to relay information regarding the proposed development and as a platform to express the public’s/stakeholders’ concerns and opinions with regards to the Project.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxxv Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

During the Landfill Operating Stage, the main concern is regarding surface water quality, groundwater quality, air quality and odour. Hence, mitigation measures are proposed in Chapter 8: Mitigation and Abatement Measures and Chapter 10: EMP of this EIA Report to minimize the adverse effects, e.g., ensure proper installation of liners, inspecting piping system on a regular basis, implement continuous on-line LTP discharge monitoring system, implement daily cover practice, etc.

It is imperative that the existing LTP be upgraded and designed to treat the leachate to the modelled level stated in the DEIA Report and to the Second Schedule (Regulation 13) of Environmental Quality (Control of Pollution from Solid Waste Transfer Station and Landfill) Reg. 2009: Acceptable Conditions for discharge of Leachate before final discharge into the Sg. Sembilang. This is to eliminate any residual impact on the water quality of Sg. Sembilang.

Expansion of 130.55 acres of the Sanitary Landfill will affect the groundwater level by increasing 0.05 m during the early phase of landfill operation, but, it was decrease 0.05 m after the final phase of landfill operation and reduces the velocity of the groundwater movement in the new landfill area. It is natural an adjustment of groundwater to accommodate the new environment. The changes are considered minimum and not to give any adverse impact to the surrounding environment.

The contaminant transport model indicates that leakage of the landfill (if any) will intrude into the aquifer layer but its movement is confined in the landfill area. There is no indication the contaminants will interact with both river water of Sungai Sembilang and Sungai Tambak Jawa.

Based on the findings of the DEIA Study and the deliberations put forth in mitigating any identified impact, it can be concluded that the proposed landfill development can be carried out within the context of a carefully planned and managed project that will be ultimately beneficial to Kuala Selangor, Shah Alam and Klang population as a whole.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. xxxvi