EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

Bengal Concessions Private Limited (BCPL), a subsidiary of HE Terminals Private Limited (HETPL) is planning to set up an LNG Storage and Regasification terminal at Kukrahati, East Medinipur District, .

BCPL intends to develop a small scale LNG Regasification project at the proposed site at Kukrahati with an initial regasification capacity of 1.5-3.0 MMTPA, which will be expanded up to 5 MMTPA in future. During this operational period, LNG Carriers of ~30,000 m3 each are planned to be berthed at two riverine jetties which are planned to be constructed at a distance of ~150m from the shore. LNG carriers of ~30,000 m3 will bring the LNG about 2-3 times a week for regasification initially and upto once daily at peak capacity. Multiple pipelines are envisaged to emanate from the site to deliver Re-gasified LNG (RLNG) to the end users. Also, a truck loading facility shall be constructed to deliver LNG to nearby customers.

The proposed project requires Environmental Clearance (EC) from Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC). BCPL has received an approved Terms of Reference (ToR) from MoEFCC on 16th November 2017 and TOR was amended at MOM of the EAC (Ind-2) meeting held during 24-26 Sep-2018. M/s ERM Pvt Ltd. has been engaged by BCPL for conducting EIA study and to support in obtaining environmental clearance (EC). ERM’s NABET Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1619/ RA 0055 was issued on June 21, 2017 and is valid up to October 31, 2019.

Location & Accessibility

The proposed site is located in village Matiramchak; Kukrahati Panchayat, District: East Medinipur, West Bengal. The site is located in the Survey of India Toposheet No. F45K4.

The site can be accessed from NH 6 via. - road (NH 41) and from NH 41 to via. Balughata road. From Kukrahati, the site can be accessed by - Kukrahati road, which traverses adjacent to the site. The nearest Railway Station is Bajitpur, 4.5 km from the site. The nearest Airport of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, is approximately 140 km from site.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Resource Requirement

Land: The land for the project is ~50 acres. However, some portion of the land fall within the high-tide line of the Hooghly River. Hence, the available land for the proposed project is ~48 acres which has a 900m long waterfront on the River Hooghly. Currently 37 acres of land at

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 1 Kukrahati is under a lease with M/s Euclix Shipbuilders Private Limited awarded by the Haldia Development Authority (HDA). The lease is being transferred to BCPL for developing the LNG Regasification Terminal. In addition, 11.5 acre of land is under brick kiln and is private land and same shall be procured from the land owners.

Water: Approximately, 50 KLD river water will be required during peak construction period to meet the demand for construction activities etc. Water would be sourced from the Hooghly River.

Fresh water will be required for meeting the domestic water needs of personnel working at the terminal. The requirement of domestic (potable) water has been estimated at 2-3 KLD. It will be supplied through approved supplier.

Power: Maximum 2 MW power would be required for construction phase and will be sourced from DG set.

Power requirement during operational phase will be approximately 23 MW. The power will be sourced from the West Bengal State Electricity Board (WBSEB). However, in emergency, Gas turbines of 2 x 11.5 MW capacity will be provided as back up and 2 x 500 KW DG sets for the auxiliary equipment.

Manpower: Approximately 200 workers would be required during the peak construction period, most of whom would be unskilled workers. The operation of the facility post- construction will require up to 45 - 60 full time employees for all working shifts.

Operational Activity

LNG will be imported via LNG Carriers and will be stored, re-gasified through re-gasifiers on the land and the RLNG will be sent to customers through evacuation pipelines.

LNG Offloading: LNG offloading will be carried out by hard/soft unloading arms.

LNG Storage: Total LNG storage capacity within the project site would be 90,000 m3 (including 30,000 m3 for future) onshore storage tanks shall be maintained at -163ᵒC to store and handle the LNG.

LNG Reloading: LNG may be reloaded into suitably sized LNG Carriers in case of emergency or to be further used as bunkering fuel. Provisions shall also be there at the jetty to re-load LNG directly into LNG fuelled ships.

LNG Regasification: Onshore Regas Unit will be provided with ambient air based Intermediate Fluid Vaporizers (IFVs). High pressure LNG booster pumps will be provided in the Re- gasification area for feeding LNG to the Vaporiser to the expected send out pressure (approximately 90 barg).

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 2 BOG Handling and Fuel Gas System: The boil off gas produced both by natural cargo heating and by operations will be handled by the BOG handling system. The BOG handling system will manage the BOG production in two ways:  Providing fuel gas to the fuel gas header;  Sending the BOG to the Re-condenser for re-condensation  BOG to BOG compressor for pumping into the NG outlet header

Venting System: The LNG terminal shall be constructed with no venting philosophy under normal operations. However, the terminal will have the venting/flare system which in case of emergency will aim to discharge/burn any flammable vapour release to atmosphere at a safe location, thus minimizing any potential risk to involved personnel and plant.

Metering Station: The metering station, equipped with custody transfer meters, shall be implemented with several metering lines in parallel each one having one ultra-sonic type flow meter.

LNG Truck Loading Station  An LNG truck loading station shall be implemented consisting of 4 to 10 truck loading bays having common weighbridge;  Each loading bay shall be designed to export 50 m³/h LNG; and  The total BOG from the LNG truck loading station (4 bays) will be designed at 3,000 m³ (n)/h.  There shall be a provision to increase the number of truck loading bays in the future if so warranted by the demand.

Pollution Sources: Pollution sources from the LNG terminal will be air & noise emission, wastewater generation, and solid and hazardous waste.

Air emission: The potential air emission from the construction activities are as follows:  Fugitive dust emission due to earth work and construction material handling;  Emission from DG sets and diesel operated machineries and equipment

The potential air emission from the operational activities are as follows:  Back-up Gas generator (2 x 11.5 MW) and DG sets (2x 500 MW)  Emergency flaring system; Waste Water: Wastewater generated from the construction site is as follows:  Wash water from washing of construction equipment & machineries and same will be treated through sedimentation tank & oil & water separator.  Sewage from construction camp - the domestic waste water will be treated through septic tank and soak pit

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 3 Solid Waste & Hazardous Waste: On a regular basis, there will be no generation of any non-hazardous or inert solid waste from the proposed LNG terminal. A small quantity i.e. about 0.5 KL/year of hazardous oily waste will be generated during periodic maintenance.

The hazardous waste likely to be generated from the terminal are:  Waste oil from back up DG sets;  Rags and filter materials;  Packages / Containers having hazardous waste residues (i.e. drums for oil and diesel).

Noise Emissions The main noise emission sources in LNG facilities include pumps, compressors, generators and their drivers, compressor suction / discharge, recycle piping, air dryers, heaters, air coolers at liquefaction facilities, vaporizers used during regasification, and general loading and unloading operations of LNG carriers /vessels.

BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

An area of 10 km from the boundary of the proposed project site has been considered for the baseline studies. The baseline data obtained has been obtained through primary monitoring/survey and review of secondary information has been summarized below:

Land Use: The predominant land use- land cover of the study area includes agriculture (65.97%), River (19.04%), Settlement (14.12%), Brick Kiln (0.34%), Water Treatment Plant (0.21%), Road Network (0.15%), Waterbody (0.14%) and Railway Track (0.03%).

Soil Quality: The soil samples were collected from five locations in the study area. The pH level in soil sample was 6.66 to 7.82. Available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents varied between 70-189 mg/kg; <3-4 mg/kg and 82-278 mg/kg respectively. Also soil quality does not indicate contamination from any external source.

Natural Hazards: Study area lies in Zone III, the moderate severe seismic zone. The district level cyclone prone block map indicates that the proposed site is not falling in the cyclone prone area. The project site though situated along Hooghly River does not lie in Flood Prone Block in District Disaster Management Plan.

Ambient Air Quality: Monitoring of air quality was conducted at 8 monitoring locations in the study area during post-monsoon season. The monitored average PM10 concentration varied from 60.83 to 66.45 µg/m3. The monitored average PM2.5 concentration varied from 35.00 to

40.05 µg/m3. Also all other air quality parameters (SO2, NO2, CO, etc.) monitored in the study area were found below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Ambient Noise Quality: The baseline noise monitoring in the study area was carried out at 8 locations in the vicinity of the project site. The day time equivalent noise level (Leq day) varied from 51.5 -61.9 dB(A) while night time equivalent noise level varied from 38.5-48.5 dB(A).

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 4 Surface Water Quality: Surface water quality was analysed from four locations (Hooghly River and nala). The pH of the samples varied from 7.18 to 7.20. DO levels varied from 6.8 to 7.2 mg/l. BOD level varied from <2.0 to 2.1 mg/l. The total Coliform count of the surface water samples was found to be between 4900 to 7000 MPN/100 ml. The results of surface water analysis indicated compliance to Class B (Outdoor bathing, swimming and water contact sports), Class D (Propagation of Wildlife and Fisheries) and Class E (Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, Controlled Waste disposal).

Ground Water Quality: A monitoring network consisting of 6 locations for ground water was selected within the study area. pH varied from 6.5 to 8.5. Total hardness in the groundwater samples varied from 200 and 256 mg/l, in compliance to the acceptable limit of 300mg/l. Free residual chlorine in all the six ground water sampling location were found below detectable limit. Concentration of iron in all the ground water samples varied between <0.05 and 0.9 mg/l. Concentration of heavy metals like Mercury, Cadmium, Lead and Chromium in the ground water sample was below the acceptable limit of IS 10500-2012.

Biological Environment: The study area has no natural forest; major habitats are modified habitat like homestead plantation, riparian vegetation beside the river and nala. There is no ecologically protected area like National Park, Wildlife sanctuary in the 10 km radius area of the proposed project site.

The mammals in the study are represented by mongoose, jackal, civet, squirrel, rats, mice, bats etc. The bird species are represented by shikra, black kite, mynas, dove, pigeon, barbet, owl, drongo, woodpecker, flycatcher, crows, babbler, oriole, sunbird, sparrow, bee-eater, lapwing, etc. The reptiles are represented by varanus, cobra, krait, rat snake, etc.

Hooghly estuary is known for richness of fishes. In estuarine stretch of Hooghly River, 176 taxa of fishes have been reported. The varieties that are captured by the fishermen in the Hooghly estuary are Bombay duck, Hilsa, ribbon fishes, Prawns, Pomfret, Bhangon, Mullets, etc. The stretch of the river Bhagirathi under study inhabit endangered Gangetic Dolphin.

Socio-economic Environment: There are 10 census villages in the core zone (2.0 km from proposed project site). Total population of the core area villages is 15080 living in 3258 households. The average literacy rate of all core zone villages was observed as 83.04% which is lower than the district literacy rate. The WPR in the core area was reported to be 34.79%. The major occupations in the study area are agriculture, wage labour, service, etc.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The potential impacts of the project on different components of the environment are systematically identified for evaluation of significance.

Impact on Ambient Air Quality: During construction phase, the sources of emission will be fugitive emission from construction material handling, earth work, and emission from machinery and vehicles. The pollutant, especially particulate matter, will get settled in areas

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 5 surrounding proposed project site, however this activity will take place during the construction phase only. The impact in this respect is assessed to be of minor significance.

During operational phase, the sources of air emissions will be back-up gas based generator, DG sets and emergency flaring system. The air quality modelling result shows that the generation of PM, SO2, NO2 from the above mentioned activities will not cause significant changes of baseline condition or exceedance National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The impact in this aspect is assessed to be of moderate significance.

Impact on Noise Quality: The major sources of noise emission during construction phase are operation of machineries, vehicles, backup power generation sets. It is assessed that noise will be attenuated within 400-500 m from construction site. The impact on this aspect is assessed to be of minor significance.

The potential impacts on noise quality may arise out of the following:  Back-up power generation facilities,  Operation of HP pumps and compressors  Movement of LNG trucks on site approach road.

Noise attenuation equations (without any noise barrier) show that the normal attenuated noise at a distance of about 500 m from the noise source, will be in the range of about 55.0 dB(A).

Impact on Surface Water Quality: The domestic waste water from construction site will be treated through septic tank and soak pit. The surface runoff from construction site during rainy season will be channelized into storm water drainage system and same will treated through sedimentation tank. The impact on surface water quality is assessed to be minor.

During operational phase, the source of waste water from:  Discharge of ballast water and bilge water from LNG carrier;  Surface runoff from project site;  Maintenance dredging;  Generation and disposal of domestic waste water from LNG Terminal.

The domestic waste water from plant will be treated through septic and soak pit. The surface runoff from the plant during rainy season will be channelized into storm water drainage system and same will treated through sedimentation tank. The potential impact on surface water quality due to surface runoff is assessed to be minor.

Impact on Ground water Quality: Possibility of ground water contamination from accidental spillage of fuel, lubricants and chemicals from storage areas, vehicles and machinery shall be contained through spill management. Impact significant is considered minor.

Potential Impact on Terrestrial Habitat: The construction phase will involve felling of few trees. The dust suppression measures are expected to arrest fugitive emissions generated during construction phase. The increased level of noise and vibration in and around proposed project

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 6 site will cause minimal disturbance to local faunal species. The impact on the terrestrial flora and fauna is assessed to be minor.

The increase of NOx emission from proposed LNG terminal may not cause significant impact on ecosystem and vegetation. The impact on flora and fauna due to process emission from the plant is assessed to be minor.

Potential Impact on Aquatic Habitat: Discharge of surface runoff from construction site with high sediment load to Hooghly River has the potential to affect the water quality of the river by increase in turbidity. To contain this surface runoff from construction site will be channelized to rainwater drainage system with sedimentation tank and oil-water separator.

Potential Impact on Socio-economic Environment: The proposed project will generate job and economic opportunity to the local people.

ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS

The ‘No Project Scenario’ is likely to have an adverse effect on opportunities for employment, both directly from the proposed project and its dependant sectors.

Five alternative project sites had been selected for siting of LNG Terminal. However, the proposed site at Kukrahati has been found to be the most suitable for the project. The site will be used for constructing a jetty structure to berth LNG Carriers for the project.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Environmental monitoring will help in:  Assessing the changes in environmental conditions,  Monitoring the effective implementation of mitigation measures,  Measuring any deterioration of environmental quality for further preventive action(s).

The following monitoring programs are to be carried out at project in order to meet the above objectives:  Ambient air and noise, water, soil quality  Emission and discharge from the plant  Greenbelt;  Social parameters;  HSE Audits; and  Inspection of Prevention and Control Measures.

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Risk Assessment Risk assessment was carried out for release of natural gas from LNG storage leading to jet fire. The worst hazard for release and ignition of natural gas from the storage tank rupture will be experienced to a maximum radial distance of 32 m from the source with potential lethal effects

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 7 within 1 minute. BCPL has onsite emergency plan to mitigate any emergency situation in the plant.

Public Consultation Stakeholder consultation was carried out with the objective of finding out about their views and opinion on issues relating to the project, its operations and also to the peripheral development. The issues and opinion of the stakeholders are addressed in the socio-economic management plan and CSR Plan.

PROJECT BENEFIT

The BCPL proposed project shall be beneficial with respect to availability of physical and social infrastructure, livelihood generation and other benefits.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Site-specific Environment Mitigation Measures to prevent and mitigate major/significant adverse impacts and accentuate beneficial impacts will include:

Air Quality Management Plan

 Covered storage shall be provided for construction materials such as cement, sand aggregates etc.;  Regular maintenance of machineries, equipment and vehicles shall be carried out to control emission;  The site approach road will be maintained to minimize emission;  Stacks having sufficient heights shall be provided as per statutory norms to ensure dispersion of pollutants.  Periodical monitoring will be conducted and same will be reported to PCB and RO- MOEF&CC.

Noise Quality Management Plan

 Periodic preventive maintenance of operational units will be undertaken in accordance with instructions of OEM provided in O&M manual;  Periodic monitoring of ambient noise quality near sensitive receptors will be undertaken to ensure compliance with regulatory standards;  Personnel deployed near high noise generating areas will be equipped with proper PPEs (ear plugs etc.) and subjected to rotation; and  Periodic health surveillance programs shall be organized to monitor the health of workers.

Solid & Hazardous Waste Management Plan

 Construction waste will be utilized in the backfilling of the low-lying area of the site or will be disposed in the designated waste disposal site.

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 8  Municipal waste will be disposed in the MSW disposal site of nearby municipal disposal ground;  The used oil shall be stored in designated area and periodically sent to registered used oil recyclers/ facilities.

Wastewater Management Plan

 Domestic wastewater will be treated through septic tank and soak pit/ modular STP.

Storm Water Management Plan

 The drainage structures will be created at the construction material handling site. Necessary measures will be undertaken during construction phase to prevent earth and stone material from blocking drainage structures.  Periodic cleaning will be undertaken of drainage structures and road drainage system to maintain uninterrupted storm water flow.  Surface runoff water from plant will be treated through sedimentation tank and oil- water separator.

Occupational Health & Safety Management Plan (OHSMP)

 Training programs will be conducted for the workforce regarding proper usage of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE);  Hazardous and risky areas, installations, materials, safety measures, emergency exits, etc. shall be appropriately marked;  All chemicals and hazardous materials storage container will be properly labelled and marked. Materials Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) or equivalent data/information in local language will be made available to exposed workers and first-aid personnel;  No employee will be exposed to a noise level greater than 85 dB (A) for a duration of more than 8 hours per day. Provision of ear plugs, ear muffs etc. shall be made and rotation of workers operating near high noise generating areas shall be done;  The workplace will be equipped with fire detectors, alarm systems and fire-fighting equipment. Fire safety equipments will be periodically inspected and maintained to provided safe working condition;  Health problems of the workers will be taken care of by providing basic health care facilities through medical centre/hospital.

Greenbelt Development Plan

It is proposed to develop greenbelt of 16.10 acres; i.e. 33% of the total area. The greenbelt plantation will carried out in phase manner; for this phase wise development plan will be prepared and same will be earmarked in the plan.

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 9 Socio-economic Management Plan

 People from adjoining areas shall be given preference in employment through local contractors according to the skill sets possessed;  The broad areas to be focused under the CSR plan would include:  Health - arranging mobile health camps including eye camps, School health programmes which includes free dental awareness examination camps and free check- ups of the students; universal immunization programme etc.  Education - providing financial assistance to education institutions towards educational programs, etc.  Funding for sports, cultural events etc.

Project Cost and EMP Implementation Budget

Total cost of implementation of EMP during construction phase and operational phase would be around INR 18.00 lakhs and 102.85 lakhs respectively. The CSR will be carried out as per the O.M. F.No.22-65/2017-IA.III Dt. 01-May-2018.

ERM EIA STUDY FOR LNG TERMINAL AT KUKRAHATI PROJECT #0419831 NOVEMBER 2018 10