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High Stakes in Legislative Races DISGUSTED ELECTORATE HEADS TO POLLS PAGE 8 October/November 2014 High Stakes in All In! Ballot Legislative Fatigue? Races The Primary Puzzle Art and Learning Linked tEchnoLogy divErsity is vital to our ElEctricity portfolio. VICKY BAILEY EnErgy LEadEr & EntrEprEnEur We don’t put all of our investment eggs in one basket. Why would we do that for America’s energy future? diversity is rule number one in investing. We are working to maintain a diverse you hedge your bets. We also need a electricity system that provides the power diversified electricity portfolio that includes we need and the clean air that we want. nuclear, solar, wind, coal and natural gas. an overreliance on any one source of electricity is unwise. Base load power sources like nuclear energy and natural gas, coupled with renewable sources, will drive economic expansion, provide affordable electricity, and lead the Get the facts at nei.org/energydiversity transition to a lower-carbon energy portfolio. #futureofenergy CLIENT: NEI (Nuclear Energy Institute) PUB: State Legislatures Magazine RUN DATE: Oct/Nov SIZE: 7.5” x 9.875” Full Page VER.: Energy Diversity/Vicky - FP Ad 4CP: OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2014 VOL 40 NO 9 | CONTENTS STATE LEGISLATURES NCSL’s national magazine of policy and politics FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 4 POINT OF ORDER 5 LETTER TO THE EDITOR 6 FOUR DECADES STRONG Over the past 40 years, NCSL has achieved an impressive record of lobbying successes. 8 STATESTATS Disgusted electorate heads to polls. 9 PEOPLE & POLITICS What’s happening under the domes. 10 TRENDS & TRANSITIONS States try to boost voter turnout, a Federal Reserve Bank economist says manufacturing is robust, states grapple with the use of Native American mascots, breweries are hoppin’, and governments crack down on misclassifying workers. 14 STATELINE Superlatives from coast to coast: the state with most © 2014 BRUCE HOLDEMAN billionaires per capita, the state with the best-run elections 20 ALL IN! and the state with the biggest annual squid harvest. By Morgan Cullen and Tim Storey With a dysfunctional federal government, states are where 16 FOR THE RECORD the action is, making for high stakes in legislative races. Q & A with political pollsters Geoffrey Garin and Neil Newhouse. 24 BALLOT FATIGUE? By Wendy Underhill Voters have a slew of ballot questions to answer, but not as many as in previous years. 28 THE PRIMARY PUZZLE By Louis Jacobson In this era of ideological extremes and intense partisanship, what role do primaries play in shaping “Turnout across the board may be lower in this election. election results? Voters really are disgusted, and they’re probably not crazy to feel that way.” —GEOFFREY GARIN 32 ART SMART By Sara Shelton 18 SNAPSHOTS FROM THE LEGISLATIVE SUMMIT Art classes often aren’t schools’ top priority, yet research suggests perhaps they should be. 35 AS THEY SEE IT Quotes and cartoons from around the states. STATE LEGISLATURES | OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2014 STATE LEGISLATURES A NATIONAL CONFERENCE of STATE Legislatures PUBLICATION Executive Director POINT OF ORDER William T. Pound Director of Communications Karen Hansen NCSL NEWS Editor Julie Lays Assistant Editor Mary Winter EXPERTISE Web Editors Edward P. Smith NPR: “By all rights, the Democrats are RESEARCH Mark Wolf on defense in a midterm election when Copy Editor their guy’s in the White House. So we Leann Stelzer know going into this election cycle Contributors that the Democrats are fighting against 46 Angela Andrews the wind, and the Republicans have States holding legislative races Michael Hernandez Irene Kawanabe the tailwind.” Shannon McNamara —NCSL elections expert Tim Storey Jeanne Mejeur Wendy Underhill The Sacramento Bee: “A lot of 6,049 Art Director communities are stepping forward State legislative seats up for election Bruce Holdeman to try to help these kids, which is good, but this really needs a national Advertising Sales Manager resolution.” LeAnn Hoff (303) 364-7700 —NCSL’s immigration policy director 7,383 .................................... Ann Morse on the recent surge of Total number of legislative seats NCSL OFFICERS children who have come into the nationwide President Senator Debbie Smith, Nevada country illegally President-Elect Omaha World Herald: “States are Senator Curt Bramble, Utah trying to wrap their heads around what 53% vs. 47% Staff Chair Margaret Piety, Indiana exactly these services or industries are, Portion of partisan legislative seats under .................................... and what kinds of regulations need to Republican vs. Democratic control Denver Office be in place.” 7700 East First Place —NCSL program principal Douglas Denver, Colorado 80230 (303) 364-7700 Shinkle about lawmakers grappling with how to regulate ride share services. Washington, D.C. Office 444 North Capitol Street, N.W. Suite 515 FOCUSED Washington, D.C. 20001 (202) 624-5400 Website www.ncsl.org/magazine .................................... State Legislatures (ISSN 0147- 0641), the national magazine of policy and politics, is published monthly by the National Conference of State Legislatures except July/August and October/ November, which are combined. Postmaster: Send address changes to: State Legislatures, 7700 East First Place, Denver, CO 80230. © 2014, All Rights Reserved. Opinions expressed in this magazine do not necessarily reflect NCSL policy. Go to www.ncsl.org/bookstore/ to subscribe. Annual rates: U.S.—$49; foreign—$55; teachers—$25 (promo code SLMTEA). Single copy: $6.50. Letters to the editor and requests for permission to reprint may be Legislators, legislative staff and business leaders learn about mailed to Julie Lays in the Denver big data and advanced analytics during a visit to SAS in North office or e-mailed to her at: julie. [email protected]. Send subscriptions Carolina as part of the Foundation for State Legislatures and changes of address to the Partners Project called “Leveraging IT Investments to Marketing Department in Denver. Strengthen Government.” Periodically, NCSL rents mailing labels to other organizations. If you NCSL legislative leaders learn lessons prefer your name not be included from Abraham Lincoln during a please send a written request. special leadership training held at the State Legislatures is indexed in Gettysburg Battlefield. the PAIS Bulletin and Expanded Academic Index. It is also available in microform and electronically through University Microfilms Inc. (UMI) at (800) 521-0600. LETTERS EDITOR: Your article in the July/August issue on the rapid expansion of residential solar, “Bright Days for Solar Energy,” glossed over what we believe are important questions about whether current rooftop solar subsidies are cost-effective and equitable. At the heart of the debate is a subsidy known as net-metering, which typically requires utilities to pay rooftop solar system owners for excess power they generate at the utilities’ full “retail rate.” As a result, residential solar owners enjoy the benefits of the grid without paying for it. An analysis from the American Public Power Association indicates that net-metering can result in consumer cost-shifting, since it’s typically the more affluent who can afford to install rooftop solar, leaving middle- and low-income customers— including renters who are locked out of the subsidies—to foot the bill. Also of concern to us is the practice of allowing consumers to sign long-term leases, often covering two decades, for solar panel technology that may quickly become obsolete. Policymakers should be concerned about the long-term viability of a business model so reliant on taxpayer subsidies. Bill Ray, director Colorado Consumer Coalition State Legislatures welcomes your letters at [email protected]. We reserve the right to edit them for length and clarity. CORRECTIONS In the July/August 2O14 issue two photos were incorrect. This is New York Assemblyman Herman Farrell Jr., one of only nine lawmakers celebrating exactly 40 years of service More Americans turn to doctors of optometry than any other eye care professional. in statehouses. They all were first elected in With a four-year, doctoral-level clinical degree following college and 1975, the same year NCSL was formed. extensive training, optometrists are licensed to correct vision, but they also diagnose and treat eye diseases. And as the need for new advancements in eye care And this is the real Eric continue, count on optometrists to offer the most comprehensive eye care. Milstead. He was the unanimous choice of the Learn more at AmericasEyeDoctors.org Idaho Legislative Council to succeed Jeff Youtz as director of Idaho’s Legislative Services Office. STATE LEGISLATURES | OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2014 color palette 1 6 | 40 YEARS Four Decades Strong The Voice of State Legislatures innovate and be responsive to the unique Order on Federalism, which ensured BY MOLLY RAMSDELL needs and strengths of their residents. that federal agencies were guided by the AND NEAL OSTEN Guided by state-federal policies U.S. Constitution when formulating and approved by at least three-fourths of the implementing policies. dvocacy may look some- states, NCSL staff inform and educate • Fought to create State Legalization what different than it Congress and the administration on the Impact Assistance Grants in the did in 1975, but from the potential effects and possible unintended Immigration Reform and Control Act of time NCSL was created, consequences of proposed federal laws 1986, which reimburse states for costs legislative leaders knew and regulations. How does all this get associated with providing services
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