DOCSLIB.ORG

Engagement with Other Stakeholders, Including Families, and Determination of Relative Costs;

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Engagement with Other Stakeholders, Including Families, and Determination of Relative Costs; REPORT OF THE INVENTORY OF CASES UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF THE CANTONAL PROSECUTOR OF TUZLA CANTON AND THE PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA RESULTS OF THE REVIEW OF CASES STORED AT THE PODRINJE IDENTIFICATION PROJECT, TUZLA (PIP) INCLUDING RESULTS FROM DNA SAMPLING AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER ACTIVITIES Distribution: Restricted Sarajevo, 14 March 2017 ICMP.ST.AA.828R.1.W.doc Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 3 II. BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 5 III. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................... 5 IV. ORGANIZATION ....................................................................................................................... 6 V. PROCESS.................................................................................................................................. 6 5.1. Existing case documentation and data collection .................................................................. 6 5.2. Anthropological examination methods .................................................................................. 7 VI. RESULTS .................................................................................................................................. 7 VII. ORGANISATION OF FURTHER ACTIVITIES ............................................................................. 10 VIII. CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................................................................... 11 IX. RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................................... 12 9.1. Further work on PIP cases .................................................................................................... 12 9.2. Continuation of the NN inventory ....................................................................................... 12 9.3. Country-wide organisation and standards of work .............................................................. 13 ANNEX: Cases by status category and recommendations for further work .................................... 15 Forensic investigations concerning missing persons, including investigations concerning mass graves, other illicit burial sites and human remains they contain, are conducted under the authority of competent domestic institutions. This Summary Report presents findings and observations made by ICMP as part of the technical assistance it provides to these institutions. The competent institutions may contact ICMP for any additional information that ICMP may be able to provide. Parts of this Summary Report or its exhibits may have been redacted to protect the integrity of investigations and the privacy of persons. ICMP.ST.AA.828R.1.W.doc Page 2 of 55 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. In November 2012, the Missing Persons Institute of Bosnia and Herzegovina (MPI) estimated there were 3,277 cases of unidentified (NN) remains thought to relate to the conflict of the 1990s housed in 10 mortuary facilities throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH). Additionally, some 4,408 NN cases,1 consisting mostly of ossuary material, were listed by ICMP and stored in two more facilities, the Podrinje Identification Project, Tuzla (PIP) and the Krajina Identification Project, Sanski Most (KIP). Of all these cases, 2,567 had a DNA profile with no match to approximately 27,000 reference DNA profiles from family members of the missing that represent approximately 8,000 still missing persons. 2. In May 2013, following the NN Working Group (NNWG) recommendations, the Prosecutor’s Office of Bosnia and Herzegovina (POBIH) issued an order that would allow for an inventory of the mortuary facilities. The objectives of the review were to inventory human remains in storage, to determine the status of the cases, to assess whether additional post mortem sampling for DNA testing was necessary, and to recommend the next steps to the POBIH. Four smaller facilities (Mostar, Nevesinje, Goražde, and Travnik) were selected for a pilot project to determine the most effective process. The process continued at other facilities, and the order was updated on 27 May 2016, in light of the results of the pilot and on-going NN work. 3. This report describes the activities undertaken by the NNWG for cases under jurisdiction of Cantonal Prosecutor’s Office of Tuzla Canton at the Podrinje Identification Project, Tuzla (PIP). It describes procedures, summarizes results, lists case statuses, and provides recommendations for facility improvements and future standards of work. This report also provides recommendations for case resolution including additional activities required, which, if followed, will likely lead to the permenant disposal of the majority of resolved cases. The report covers all results up until the end of October 2016. 4. The review of cases at the PIP facility began on 27 September 2016, with the mortuary listing 4004 body bags and boxes holding: 667 cases of human remains, 123 bags holding human remains prepared for re-exhumation (to add body parts) in Potocari, 136 bags holding cases for ossuary, one bag holding animal bones, 70 bags holding historical remains, 15 boxes holding reserve samples. In addition there were 90 boxes with personal artefacts and evidence and 2,902 bags with clothes. There were 667 active cases (616 cases related to Srebrenica and 51 case non-related to Srebrenica) 510 of which under the jurisdiction of the Cantonal Prosecutor’s Office of Tuzla Canton, 148 cases under the jurisdiction of the POBIH. There are 778 cases requiring re-associations to buried cases under the jurisdicition of Cantonal Prosecutor’s Office of Tuzla Canton, 45 cases under the jurisdiction of POBIH, two cases under District Prosecutor’s Office of Istocno Sarajevo and seven cases under Brcko Prosecutor’s Office. 5. The cases of remains contained a total of 11,905 distinguishable sets of skeletal remains designated as ossuary, comprising of 9,044 sets of extra bones from identified cases and 2,861 sets of fragmentary bones and bones in small bags that cannot be re-associated to bodies. The ossuary material (small and fragmentary bones that cannot be re-associated to bodies) has been recovered over 20 years from secondary graves and surface sites. All ossuary cases were found to have been previously reviewed, examined and sampled between 2011 and 2016. 6. A total of 1,489 samples for DNA testing were taken from 725 cases during the previous review of the ossuary material, from which only six new DNA profiles and 896 reassociations were 1 As of 2014, the great majority of the 4,408 NN cases at PIP (3,200 cases) and KIP (33 cases) are ossuary material which cannot be linked to identified cases. ICMP.ST.AA.828R.1.W.doc Page 3 of 55 successfully obtained. 7. All of the ossuary related cases have the potential to be closed as NN cases and put into permenant and retrievable storage (so that additional scientific analysis can take place in the future where appropriate) based on instructions given from the Cantonal Prosecutor’s Office of Tuzla Canton. 8. Current on-going examination work means that currently there are no re-associations to be completed for cases stored at PIP and that there are 832 re-associations needed to already buried and identified cases. 9. Over the years, many samples and bones used for research were returned from ICTY and are stored at PIP, as well as the unconsumed portions of DNA samples previously submitted for DNA testing and returned from ICMP laboratories. There are a total of 5,723 samples in 15 boxes, which comprise 5,215 Srebrenica related cases (13 boxes), 52 Brcko related samples and 456 samples from Croatian sites. PIP staff have returned samples to active cases where possible. They relate to Srebrenica cases as well as cases under the jurisdiction the Brcko Prosecutor and also Croatian national authorities. It is recommended the remaining samples and bones related to Srebrenica (5,215 cases) and Brcko (52 cases) are stored and returned to relevant cases in the future where possible. It is recommended samples and bones related to Croatian excavations (456 cases) are repatriated to the Croatian authorities. 10. There were 108 cases that were found to have DNA profiles, but have no match to blood reference samples, and which relate to the conflict. These are only likely to be resolved if further investigative work is undertaken to determine whether there is potential to collect more relevant blood reference samples or undertake further appropriate analysis. 11. There are eight active cases that require further investigation and 129 cases that are waiting for pending DNA results to be able to determine whether they can be resolved. 12. With further work and the agreement of families to identification, burial and disposal, 198 active cases have the potential to be resolved in the short term. A total of 11,905 ossuary cases and 5,215 Srebrenica related returned post mortem samples, cases can be placed in appropriate permanent storage. Details of the review results by case status are provided in the report Annex tables below. 13. There are 198 DNA match reports and 129 requests for resubmission of samples issued by ICMP to MPI that have not been received by PIP staff. This is delaying completion of case work. MPI has
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Returnee Monitoring Study Minority Returnees to the Republika Srpska - Bosnia and Herzegovina UNHCR Sarajevo June 2000 This study was researched and written by Michelle Alfaro, with the much appreciated assistance and support of Snjezana Ausic, Zoran Beric, Ranka Bekan-Cihoric, Jadranko Bijelica, Sanja Kljajic, Renato Kunstek, Nefisa Medosevic, Svjetlana Pejdah, Natasa Sekularac, Maja Simic, and Alma Zukic, and especially Olivera Markovic. For their assistance with conducting interviews, we are grateful to BOSPO, a Tuzla NGO, and IPTF and OSCE in Prijedor Municipality. ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION UNHCR conducted a Returnee Monitoring Framework (RMF) study in the Republika Srpska (RS) between 5 January and 3 March 2000. A total of 194 interviews were carried out, covering 30 villages or towns within 12 municipalities, with minority returnees to the RS who had either fully returned or were in the process of return. The purpose of the this study was to gauge the national protection afforded to minority returnees to the RS, the living conditions of returnees, as well as the positive and negative factors which affect the sustainability of return. For example, interviewees were asked questions about security, schools, pensions, health care, etc. Through the 194 interviews, UNHCR was able to obtain information on 681 persons. Broken down by ethnicity, there were 657 Bosniacs, 13 Bosnian Croats, and 11 Other which included Serbs in mixed marriages, people of mixed ethnicity and several people of other nationalities who had immigrated to BH before the conflict. 20% of the study group was over 60 years old (elderly), 54% was between the ages of 19-59, 20% was school age (7-18 years), and 6% was 0-6 years old.
    [Show full text]
  • European Social Charter the Government of Bosnia And
    16/06/2021 RAP/RCha/BIH/11 (2021) EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER 11th National Report on the implementation of the European Social Charter submitted by THE GOVERNMENT OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Articles 11, 12, 13, 14 and 23 of the European Social Charter for the period 01/01/2016 – 31/12/2019 Report registered by the Secretariat on 16 June 2021 CYCLE 2021 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND REFUGEES THE ELEVENTH REPORT OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER /REVISED/ GROUP I: HEALTH, SOCIAL SECURITY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION ARTICLES 11, 12, 13, 14 AND 23 REFERENCE PERIOD: JANUARY 2016 - DECEMBER 2019 SARAJEVO, SEPTEMBER 2020 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 3 II. ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ........... 4 III. GENERAL LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK ......................................................... 5 1. Bosnia and Herzegovina ............................................................................................... 5 2. Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina ....................................................................... 5 3. Republika Srpska ........................................................................................................... 9 4. Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina .............................................................. 10 IV. IMPLEMENTATION OF RATIFIED ESC/R/ PROVISIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Role of Microfinance in the Household Reconstruction Process in Bosnia and Herzegovina
    MFC Spotlight Note #6 Role of Microfinance in the Household Reconstruction Process in Bosnia and Herzegovina Michal Matul and Caroline Tsilikounas1 January 2004 INTRODUCTION This note presents summary of findings from the study conducted within Imp-Act project2 on the role of micro-enterprise lending in the household reconstruction process during 1996-2002 in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH)3. This research is one of the first of its kind to examine the impact of minimalist micro- enterprise credit on reconstruction. Additionally, because microfinance is still a young and fast learning industry, this study is meant to help engage in a debate about impact of microfinance on reconstruction. It can also contribute to putting forward some propositions to be tested in other post-conflict settings in order to widen the pool of microfinance recipients, and consequently the impact of microfinance on household reconstruction. Many organisations have introduced microfinance as part of their larger portfolio of programming activities aimed at reconstruction and revitalisation of war-torn communities in BiH. The level of international support providing political stability and basic economic security has been high as compared to the African post-war experience4. This in turn has aided the climate for sound microfinance programming and has provided a stable back-drop for their development and growth5. Given that microfinance in the specific environment of BiH during the reconstruction period (1996-2002) was limited to the provision of micro- enterprise credit, the goal of this research is to understand the role played by micro-enterprise credit in household reconstruction. An analysis of multiplier effects and impacts of microfinance at the macro-level goes much beyond the scope of this research.
    [Show full text]
  • Tara-Drina National Park
    Feasibility study on establishing transboundary cooperation in the potential transboundary protected area: Tara-Drina National Park Prepared within the project “Sustaining Rural Communities and their Traditional Landscapes Through Strengthened Environmental Governance in Transboundary Protected Areas of the Dinaric Arc” ENVIRONMENT FOR PEOPLE A Western Balkans Environment & Development in the Dinaric Arc Cooperation Programme Author: Marijana Josipovic Photographs: Tara National Park archive Proofreading Linda Zanella Design and layout: Imre Sebestyen, jr. / UNITgraphics.com Available from: IUCN Programme Office for South-Eastern Europe Dr Ivana Ribara 91 11070 Belgrade, Serbia [email protected] Tel +381 11 2272 411 Fax +381 11 2272 531 www.iucn.org/publications Acknowledgments: A Special “thank you” goes to: Boris Erg, Veronika Ferdinandova (IUCN SEE), Dr. Deni Porej, (WWF MedPO), Ms. Aleksandra Mladenovic for commenting and editing the assessment text. Zbigniew Niewiadomski, consultant, UNEP Vienna ISCC for providing the study concept. Emira Mesanovic Mandic, WWF MedPO for coordinating the assessment process. 2 The designation of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN, WWFMedPO and SNV concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN, WWF MedPO and SNV. This publication has been made possible by funding from the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. Published by: IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Belgrade, Serbia in collaboration with WWFMedPO and SNV Copyright: © 2011 International Union for Conservation of Nature Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder, provided the source is fully acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Refugee’: Return and Local Activism Peter Lippman
    28 Bosnia and Herzegovina twenty years on from the Dayton Peace Agreement FMR 50 www.fmreview.org/dayton20 September 2015 Their last name is ‘refugee’: return and local activism Peter Lippman Sustainable refugee return can only take place in Bosnia and Herzegovina when ordinary people and human rights activists are included as full participants in the recovery process. As a result of the 1992-95 war, over two In the eastern Bosnian city of Goražde, million people – fully half the population Bosniaks who had been displaced from of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) – were the industrial suburb of Kopači and from displaced. Of that number, well over a million nearby Višegrad were crowded within the people fled to dozens of countries around city limits. In the northwestern part of the the world. The rest – internally displaced country, displaced Bosniaks from Prijedor persons – ended up in collective centres, and Kozarac had returned from Croatia but in abandoned houses belonging to other were still internally displaced. Many of them displaced persons, or staying with relatives in came back to Sanski Most – not far from their the entities controlled by their ethnicity: Serbs homes but still on the far side of the IEBL. to the Republika Srpska (RS), and Croats and Displaced Srebrenicans who had not fled Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) to the Federation. abroad were living in poor conditions in Tuzla Although the Croats and Bosniaks and the outskirts of Sarajevo. Meanwhile, were formally allied at the end of the war, Croats who had been expelled (by Serb or, the Federation was ethnically divided as later, by Bosniak forces) from their ancestral well.
    [Show full text]
  • General Information About Mine Situation in B&H
    Session 2 Second Preparatory Meeting of the OSCE 23rd Economic and Environmental Forum EEF.DEL/20/15 11 May 2015 ENGLISH only “BHMAC operational activities during and after last year natural disasters in BiH” Goran Zdrale, BHMAC Belgrade, 11 - 13 May 2015 General information about mine situation in B&H ¾ Mine suspect area is 1.170 km2 or 2,3% of total area of BiH ¾ Estimated approximately 120.000 pieces of mine/UXO remained ¾ Total 1.417 affected communities under the impact of mines/UXO ¾ Approximately 540.000 citizens affected, or 15% of total population ¾ In post-war period /after 1996/, there were 1.732 victims, 603 of them fatalities Impact of floods and landslides on mine suspect areas – General assessment ¾Flooded area: 831,4 km2 ¾ Mine suspect area in flooded areas: 48,96 km2 ¾ No. of communities: 36 ¾ No. of communities: 106 ¾ No. of landslides at/near mine suspect areas: 35 ¾ Critical points: active landslides, river beds, river banks and areas flooded by water level above 1m ¾ Large amounts of remaining UXO and SALW ¾Mine danger signs have been shifted away or destroyed Media Campaign ¾ Comprehensive media campaign conducted to warn and inform citizens and volunteers ¾ Published daily announcements for the public at www.bhmac.org ¾ In cooperation with UNDP, continuously presented mine situation maps http://un.ba/stranica/floods-in-bih ¾ 1 theme press conference organised and cooperation established with over 40 national and international media agencies MINE/UXO Awareness ¾ UNDP and EUFOR provided over 10.000 leaflets for distribution as a warning about mine threat ¾ Intervention teams for Mine Awareness warned over 15.000 citizens and volunteers ¾ Intervention teams for Mine Awareness placed or renewed approximately 2.200 mine warning signs MINE/UXO Awareness No.
    [Show full text]
  • Depleted Uranium in Bosnia and Herzegovina Revised Edition: May 2003
    First published in Switzerland in 2003 by the United Nations Environment Programme. Copyright © 2003, United Nations Environment Programme. ISBN 92-1-158619-4 This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. United Nations Environment Programme PO Box 30552 This report by the United Nations Environment Programme was made possible Nairobi by the generous contributions of the Governments of Italy and Switzerland. Kenya Tel: +254 2 621234 Fax: +254 2 624489/90 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.unep.org Further information DISCLAIMER Copies of this report may be ordered from: This revised edition includes three chapters translated into the local language. SMI (Distribution Services) Limited The contents of this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of UNEP, or contributory organizations. The P. O . B o x 1 1 9 designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the Stevenage part of UNEP or contributory organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or Hertfordshire SG1 4TP, UK its authority, or concerning the
    [Show full text]
  • Minority Women: Obstacles to Their Return and Integration
    DAUNTING PROSPECTS MINORITY WOMEN: OBSTACLES TO THEIR RETURN AND INTEGRATION UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES with the assistance of the UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS (Sarajevo, April 2000) This study was researched and written by Ms. Alice Edwards, with the invaluable assistance in the form of field visits or legal advice of Ms. Sabina Cejovic, Ms. Nefisa Medosevic, Ms. Svetlana Pejdaj, Ms. Ljiljana Santic and Ms. Djurdica Zoric, as well as particularly, Ms. Sirpa Rautio from the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights. 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In light of the legal obligations of the State and Entity authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina (“BiH”) under various international conventions to respect the rights of women and to ensure their full development and advancement in society, and considering independent estimates that one household in five is female-headed (20%)1 and women are assessed as the primary income earners in 15% of households, 2 an analysis of the current situation faced by displaced and returnee women, as well as their return and integration potential, is long overdue. Four and a half years since the signing of the General Framework Agreement for Peace (“GFAP”) in December 1995, there is still no systematic gender analysis employed by either international actors or local authorities in their work. While there have been efforts by some international actors in BiH to include a gender analysis and to promote gender equity in the areas covered by this study, in general this has not been the case. There is a clear lack of gender disaggregated statistics and information available.
    [Show full text]
  • Claster Munition Land Release Tool 2021-2022 01102020.Xlsx
    Un-Cleared: sites that still needs clearance Cluster munitions identified Size of SHA Size of SHA Time/Days Cancellation No. Entity Kanton Municipality Local community Total size of SHA Cluster munitions on a Cluster munitions % Number of strike Type of cluster probability mine suspected area cluster munitions only Teams Days zones munitions 1 Federacija Zenicko Dobojski Vares Okruglica BL 755 199,601 199,601 0 Low 5 83 13% 2 Federacija Sarajevski Ilijas Mosevici BL 755 114,758 114,758 0 Low 5 48 7% 3 Federacija Zenicko Dobojski Olovo Krizevici BL 755 95,222 95,222 0 Low 5 40 6% 4 Federacija Sarajevski Hadzici Kasatići BL 755 30,896 30,896 0 Low 5 13 2% 5 Federacija Tuzlanski Sapna Sapna R-262 M87 Orkan 124,137 124,137 0 Low 5 52 8% 6 Federacija Hercegovacko Bosanski Glamoc Koricina BL 755 86,866 86,866 0 Low 5 36 6% 7 Federacija Zenicko Dobojski Zavidovici Dubravica 1 BL 755 47,773 47,773 Low 2 13 2% 8 Federacija Zenicko Dobojski Vares Mijakovici 1 R-262 M87 Orkan 65,756 65,756 Low 2 19 3% 9 Federacija Sarajevski Hadzici Pazaric 2 BL 755 110,515 110,515 Low 2 25 4% 10 Federacija Zenicko Dobojski Zenica Smetovi 1 BL 755 42,605 42,605 Low 2 10 1% 11 Republika Srpska Han Pijesak Japaga 2 CBU 87/B BLU 97 376,178 376,178 Low 2 106 17% 12 Republika Srpska Krupa na Uni Donji Petrovići 1 BL 755 43,611 43,611 Low 2 10 2% 13 Federacija Zenicko Dobojski Olovo Solun 1 BL 755 11,117 11,117 Low 2 2 0% 14 Federacija Zenicko Dobojski Zavidovici Ribnica 2 BL 755 42,002 42,002 Low 2 9 1% 15 Federacija Tuzlanski Banovići Ćatići 1 R-262 M87 Orkan 23,194
    [Show full text]
  • Divided Sarajevo: Space Management, Urban Landscape and Spatial Practices Across the Boundary Bassi, Elena
    www.ssoar.info Divided Sarajevo: space management, urban landscape and spatial practices across the boundary Bassi, Elena Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Bassi, E. (2015). Divided Sarajevo: space management, urban landscape and spatial practices across the boundary. Europa Regional, 22.2014(3-4), 101-113. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-461616 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Deposit-Lizenz (Keine This document is made available under Deposit Licence (No Weiterverbreitung - keine Bearbeitung) zur Verfügung gestellt. Redistribution - no modifications). We grant a non-exclusive, non- Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, transferable, individual and limited right to using this document. persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses This document is solely intended for your personal, non- Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für commercial use. All of the copies of this documents must retain den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. all copyright information and other information regarding legal Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie document in public. dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder conditions of use. anderweitig nutzen. Mit der Verwendung dieses Dokuments erkennen Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen an.
    [Show full text]
  • Measurements of Environmental Radon Activity Concentration Outdoors in Bosnia and Hercegovina
    Journal of Materials Science and Engineering A 5 (9-10) (2015) 331-338 doi: 10.17265/2161-6213/2015.9-10.002 D DAVID PUBLISHING Measurements of Environmental Radon Activity Concentration Outdoors in Bosnia and Hercegovina Alma Damjanovic1, Jasmin Adrovic2, Zejnil Tresnjo3 and Feriz Adrovic2* 1. The International School of The Hague, 2505 CA 2505 CA The Hague, The Netherlands 2. University of Tuzla, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Univerzitetska 4, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina 3. University Dzemal Bijedic of Mostar, Sjeverni logor bb, 88104 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract: Radon is a unique natural element because it is an inert gas and at the same time radioactive in all of its isotopes. It is known fact that exposure of the population to high concentrations of radon gas, leads to irradiation of primarily respiratory organs, which can cause lung cancer. For reliable prospecting of radon activity concentration in the living environment, the first input parameter is the concentration of outdoor radon in the air. This paper presents the results of a three-year research of radon activity concentration in the air of Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the measurement locations were registered daily and seasonal variations of the outdoor radon concentrations, whose average values were in the range of 15-38 Bq/m3. They were measured with Alpha GUARD PQ 2000 radon portable measuring system (Genitron Instruments - Frankfurt). Key words: Radon activity concentration, outdoor exposures, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1. Introduction The concentration of radon in the air is variable and depends on a number of meteorological parameters. One of the middle members of each natural series is Due to the relatively long half-life (3.82 days), radon the isotope of the noble gas radon: 222Rn, 220Rn and can stay relatively long in the atmosphere before it 219Rn with the disintegration half-time of 3825 days, decays.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Effects of Covid-19 on the Economy and Living Conditions of Marginalized Population Groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina
    ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 ON THE ECONOMY AND LIVING CONDITIONS OF MARGINALIZED POPULATION GROUPS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA SEPTEMBER 2020, SARAJEVO This analysis was funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic and CARE International. Published by: CARE International in the Balkans 11 Hasana Kaimije Street, 71000 Sarajevo Authors: Haris Ćatić Mirza Pale Creative Development and Engineering Solutions (CEDES) Contributors: Sumka Bučan Azra Junuzović Branislav Tanasijević disabilities is the city of Goražde. Programs aimed at their economic empowerment Executive should enable activities that targeted pop- ulations already perform in the household to summary be commercialized; to enable them to gen- erate additional income without a formal organization (for example, craft compa- The assessment of the impact COVID-19 ny). It is recommended to develop policies pandemic on the BiH economy was con- and concrete measures at different levels ducted to recommend feasible measures of government in BiH (including local com- to address the socioeconomic effects of munities) aimed at assiting vulnerable pop- the pandemic on the most vulnerable pop- ulations and those who work in the informal ulation groups in 10 municipalities of BiH. The sector, thus do not have the right to benefit assessment serves as a guideline for stake- from the employment bureau or other ex- holders to design and implement effective isting formal assistance. At the state, entity, measures to assist vulnerable populations. cantonal and even the municipal level no The focus of the analysis differs for municipal- formal support specifically targeting vulner- ities and activities of partner CSOs operat- able populations was designed.
    [Show full text]