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Trade Facilitation UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE TRADE FACILITATION The Challenges for Growth and Development edited by Carol Cosgrove-Sacks and Mario Apostolov UNITED NATIONS NEW YORK AND GENEVA 2003 Note The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) serves as the focal point within the United Nations system for the development of norms, standards and policy recommendations regarding the facilitation of international trade. The Secretariat of the UNECE organized the International Forum on Trade Facilitation “Simpler Procedures for World Trade Growth” held on 29-30 May 2002 at the Palais des Nations, Geneva, Switzerland. The Forum was organized under the auspices of the Committee for Trade, Industry and Enterprise Development (CTIED) and the United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UN/CEFACT) of the UNECE. This publication contains policy papers written by the Secretariat and the edited papers presented to the International Forum on Trade Facilitation in May 2002. The designation employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations. Mention of company names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by the United Nations. ECE/TRADE/299 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales N°. E.03.II.E.10 ISBN 92-1-116824-4 ii Contents Preface....................................................................................................vii Acknowledgements...............................................................................viii List of Abbreviations..............................................................................ix PART ONE : INTRODUCTION ...............................................................1 The Policy Debate on Trade Facilitation...............................................3 Paolo Garonna, Deputy Executive Secretary, UNECE How to Achieve Efficient and Open Collaboration for Trade Facilitation? ...........................................................................................10 Carol Cosgrove-Sacks, Director, UNECE Trade Division Mario Apostolov, Coordinator, Forum on Trade Facilitation, UNECE PART TWO: THE CONCEPTS..............................................................27 Trade Facilitation in a Global Trade Environment ...........................29 Tom Butterly, Trade Facilitation, UNECE Implementation of Trade Facilitation in Transition Economies: Current Aspects and Issues ..................................................................63 Mario Apostolov, UNECE The Single Window Concept: Enhancing the efficient exchange of information between trade and government.......................................75 Landlocked Countries: Opportunities, Challenges and Recommendations .................................................................................81 Liliana Annovazzi-Jakab, UNECE PART THREE: DEFINING THE TRADE FACILITATION AGENDA FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY ............................................137 Trade Facilitation - everyone wins! ...................................................139 Baroness Symons, UK Minister of State for International Trade and Investment Trade facilitation in the new world trade environment...................144 Pascal Lamy, Trade Commissioner, European Commission Trade Facilitation in the Developing Countries................................147 Rubens Ricupero, Secretary-General of UNCTAD The Challenges of Facilitating the Flow of Commerce in a Heightened Security Environment.....................................................152 Kunio Mikuriya, Deputy Secretary General, WCO iii TRADE FACILITATION Fight against Corruption in the Sphere of Customs as a Trade Promoting Factor.................................................................................158 Leonid Lozbenko, Head of the Russian Customs Academy, Major- General of Сustoms Service Costs and Benefits of Trade Facilitation ...........................................164 Anthony Kleitz, Head, Trade Liberalisation and Review Division, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Trade Facilitation and Post-Conflict Confidence-Building .............174 Jani Bogoevski, Chairman of the Working Group on Trade Liberalisation and Facilitation of the Stability Pact for South-Eastern Europe PART FOUR: IMPLEMENTATION – THE ROLE OF THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY ....................................................................181 The Importance of Trade Facilitation to Business ...........................183 Maria Livanos Cattaui, Secretary-General, International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) How to Achieve Maximum Trade Facilitation in a Regulatory Environment ........................................................................................189 Rolf M. Jeker, Executive Vice President, SGS The Impact of Trade Facilitation on a Standard Supply Chain......194 Vratislav Kulhanek, Chairman of the Board, Škoda Auto Supply Chains and the Facilitation of Payments ..............................200 John Hammond, Head Supply Chain Services B2BeX, Standard Chartered Bank, Hong Kong, SAR China Public-Private Sector Cooperation in Trade Facilitation: Community Networks for Trade Facilitation – an Implementer’s Perspective ..208 Raymond Wee, Senior Vice President, Information Security, BTI, Singapore and former manager of Mauritius Network Services Ltd. Fulfilling the Promise of E-Commerce Through Trade Facilitation ...........................................................................................218 Richard Herve Sicard, Head of Trade, Microsoft Europe, Middle East, and Africa Addressing the Implementation Challenges......................................226 Bill Maruchi, Chief Operating Officer, TATIS S.A. Public-Private Partnerships for Trade Facilitation and e-Business230 Christian Frühwald, Chairman of UN/CEFACT and Vice-President, Supply Chain Management and Process & Data Management, Siemens AG iv CONTENTS PART FIVE: ACHIEVING AN OPEN AND INCLUSIVE ENVIRONMENT – THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS.................................................................................233 Enabling Market Access – Practical Measures for Future Trade Facilitation ...........................................................................................235 Alberto Di Liscia, Assistant Director-General, United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) Trade Facilitation in the Multilateral Trade Negotiations ..............242 Andrew Stoler, Deputy Director-General, WTO New Instruments Simplifying Trade Procedures .............................249 Alfred Komaz, Director for General Affairs, Directorate General Taxation and Customs Union, European Commission Global Facilitation Partnership for Transportation and Trade Distance Learning Initiative (GFP-DLI): Becoming a Partner?.....254 Mark Juhel, Lead Transport Specialist, Transport Division, The World Bank The Role of ESCWA in Promoting Trade and Transport Facilitation in the ESCWA Region.........................................................................262 Nabil Safwat, Chief, Transport Section, UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA), Beirut, Lebanon Defining Trade Facilitation at the International Level....................267 Miguel Izam, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) PART SIX: THE STAKE OF DEVELOPING AND TRANSITION ECONOMIES IN TRADE FACILITATION .......................................275 Capacity-Building for Trade Facilitation..........................................277 Sun Zhenyu, Ambassador to the WTO and former Vice-Minister of Foreign Trade, China Trade Facilitation: The Need for Capacity Development................281 Peter Gakunu, Economic Secretary, Ministry of Finance and Planning of Kenya A Developing Country’s View on Trade Facilitation .......................292 Alexander Arevalo, Deputy Commissioner, Bureau of Customs, Department of Finance, the Philippines Trade Facilitation in Tunisia..............................................................302 Belkacem Nafti, Chef de Cabinet, Trade Ministry, Tunisia Trade Facilitation in the Accession to the European Union ............305 v TRADE FACILITATION Peter Brňo, State Secretary for European Integration, Foreign Trade and Tourism, Ministry of Economy of Slovakia Trade Facilitation within the WTO: A Possible Approach for Transition Economies..........................................................................310 Ambassador Nicolae Ropotean, Director, Department of Regional Co– operation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania CHAIRMAN’S CONCLUSIONS ..........................................................317 The Way Forward to Facilitate Trade...............................................317 Ambassador Luzius Wasescha, Delegate of the Swiss Government for Trade Agreements PROGRAMME OF THE INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON TRADE FACILITATION, 29-30 MAY 2002.......................................................325 Index .....................................................................................................331 vi Preface Remarkable advances in new technologies make it seem like the world is becoming smaller. Information and goods have the potential to flow more easily than ever from one country to another. Trade facilitation measures help realise this potential by speeding up the movement of goods and the flow of trade
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