Intellivision 20Th Birthday
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A History of Video Game Consoles Introduction the First Generation
A History of Video Game Consoles By Terry Amick – Gerald Long – James Schell – Gregory Shehan Introduction Today video games are a multibillion dollar industry. They are in practically all American households. They are a major driving force in electronic innovation and development. Though, you would hardly guess this from their modest beginning. The first video games were played on mainframe computers in the 1950s through the 1960s (Winter, n.d.). Arcade games would be the first glimpse for the general public of video games. Magnavox would produce the first home video game console featuring the popular arcade game Pong for the 1972 Christmas Season, released as Tele-Games Pong (Ellis, n.d.). The First Generation Magnavox Odyssey Rushed into production the original game did not even have a microprocessor. Games were selected by using toggle switches. At first sales were poor because people mistakenly believed you needed a Magnavox TV to play the game (GameSpy, n.d., para. 11). By 1975 annual sales had reached 300,000 units (Gamester81, 2012). Other manufacturers copied Pong and began producing their own game consoles, which promptly got them sued for copyright infringement (Barton, & Loguidice, n.d.). The Second Generation Atari 2600 Atari released the 2600 in 1977. Although not the first, the Atari 2600 popularized the use of a microprocessor and game cartridges in video game consoles. The original device had an 8-bit 1.19MHz 6507 microprocessor (“The Atari”, n.d.), two joy sticks, a paddle controller, and two game cartridges. Combat and Pac Man were included with the console. In 2007 the Atari 2600 was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame (“National Toy”, n.d.). -
First Amendment Protection of Artistic Entertainment: Toward Reasonable Municipal Regulation of Video Games
Vanderbilt Law Review Volume 36 Issue 5 Issue 5 - October 1983 Article 2 10-1983 First Amendment Protection of Artistic Entertainment: Toward Reasonable Municipal Regulation of Video Games John E. Sullivan Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr Part of the First Amendment Commons, and the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation John E. Sullivan, First Amendment Protection of Artistic Entertainment: Toward Reasonable Municipal Regulation of Video Games, 36 Vanderbilt Law Review 1223 (1983) Available at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/vol36/iss5/2 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Vanderbilt Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOTE First Amendment Protection of Artistic Entertainment: Toward Reasonable Municipal Regulation of Video Games Outline I. INTRODUCTION .................................. 1225 II. LOCAL GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF VIDEO GAMES . 1232 A. Zoning Regulation ......................... 1232 1. Video Games Permitted by Right ........ 1232 2. Video Games as Conditional or Special U ses .................................. 1233 3. Video Games as Accessory Uses ......... 1234 4. Special Standards for Establishments Of- fering Video Game Entertainment ....... 1236 a. Age of Players and Hours of Opera- tion Standards .................. 1236 b. Arcade Space and Structural Stan- dards ........................... 1237 c. Arcade Location Standards....... 1237 d. Noise, Litter, and Parking Stan- dards ........................... 1238 e. Adult Supervision Standards ..... 1239 B. Licensing Regulation ....................... 1239 1. Licensing and Zoning Distinguished ...... 1239 2. Video Game Licensing Standards ........ 1241 3. Administration of Video Game Licensing. 1242 a. Denial of a License ............. -
Master List of Games This Is a List of Every Game on a Fully Loaded SKG Retro Box, and Which System(S) They Appear On
Master List of Games This is a list of every game on a fully loaded SKG Retro Box, and which system(s) they appear on. Keep in mind that the same game on different systems may be vastly different in graphics and game play. In rare cases, such as Aladdin for the Sega Genesis and Super Nintendo, it may be a completely different game. System Abbreviations: • GB = Game Boy • GBC = Game Boy Color • GBA = Game Boy Advance • GG = Sega Game Gear • N64 = Nintendo 64 • NES = Nintendo Entertainment System • SMS = Sega Master System • SNES = Super Nintendo • TG16 = TurboGrafx16 1. '88 Games ( Arcade) 2. 007: Everything or Nothing (GBA) 3. 007: NightFire (GBA) 4. 007: The World Is Not Enough (N64, GBC) 5. 10 Pin Bowling (GBC) 6. 10-Yard Fight (NES) 7. 102 Dalmatians - Puppies to the Rescue (GBC) 8. 1080° Snowboarding (N64) 9. 1941: Counter Attack ( Arcade, TG16) 10. 1942 (NES, Arcade, GBC) 11. 1943: Kai (TG16) 12. 1943: The Battle of Midway (NES, Arcade) 13. 1944: The Loop Master ( Arcade) 14. 1999: Hore, Mitakotoka! Seikimatsu (NES) 15. 19XX: The War Against Destiny ( Arcade) 16. 2 on 2 Open Ice Challenge ( Arcade) 17. 2010: The Graphic Action Game (Colecovision) 18. 2020 Super Baseball ( Arcade, SNES) 19. 21-Emon (TG16) 20. 3 Choume no Tama: Tama and Friends: 3 Choume Obake Panic!! (GB) 21. 3 Count Bout ( Arcade) 22. 3 Ninjas Kick Back (SNES, Genesis, Sega CD) 23. 3-D Tic-Tac-Toe (Atari 2600) 24. 3-D Ultra Pinball: Thrillride (GBC) 25. 3-D WorldRunner (NES) 26. 3D Asteroids (Atari 7800) 27. -
Master List of Games This Is a List of Every Game on a Fully Loaded SKG Retro Box, and Which System(S) They Appear On
Master List of Games This is a list of every game on a fully loaded SKG Retro Box, and which system(s) they appear on. Keep in mind that the same game on different systems may be vastly different in graphics and game play. In rare cases, such as Aladdin for the Sega Genesis and Super Nintendo, it may be a completely different game. System Abbreviations: • GB = Game Boy • GBC = Game Boy Color • GBA = Game Boy Advance • GG = Sega Game Gear • N64 = Nintendo 64 • NES = Nintendo Entertainment System • SMS = Sega Master System • SNES = Super Nintendo • TG16 = TurboGrafx16 1. '88 Games (Arcade) 2. 007: Everything or Nothing (GBA) 3. 007: NightFire (GBA) 4. 007: The World Is Not Enough (N64, GBC) 5. 10 Pin Bowling (GBC) 6. 10-Yard Fight (NES) 7. 102 Dalmatians - Puppies to the Rescue (GBC) 8. 1080° Snowboarding (N64) 9. 1941: Counter Attack (TG16, Arcade) 10. 1942 (NES, Arcade, GBC) 11. 1942 (Revision B) (Arcade) 12. 1943 Kai: Midway Kaisen (Japan) (Arcade) 13. 1943: Kai (TG16) 14. 1943: The Battle of Midway (NES, Arcade) 15. 1944: The Loop Master (Arcade) 16. 1999: Hore, Mitakotoka! Seikimatsu (NES) 17. 19XX: The War Against Destiny (Arcade) 18. 2 on 2 Open Ice Challenge (Arcade) 19. 2010: The Graphic Action Game (Colecovision) 20. 2020 Super Baseball (SNES, Arcade) 21. 21-Emon (TG16) 22. 3 Choume no Tama: Tama and Friends: 3 Choume Obake Panic!! (GB) 23. 3 Count Bout (Arcade) 24. 3 Ninjas Kick Back (SNES, Genesis, Sega CD) 25. 3-D Tic-Tac-Toe (Atari 2600) 26. 3-D Ultra Pinball: Thrillride (GBC) 27. -
2003 Special 301 Report People’S Republic of China
INTERNATIONAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ALLIANCE 2003 SPECIAL 301 REPORT PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Special 301 recommendation: With piracy losses at a staggering $1.85 billion in 2002, piracy rates continuing at over 90% across all copyright industries, and with no significant movement to enforce the criminal law against piracy as required by TRIPS, IIPA recommends that China remain subject to Section 306 Monitoring. Overview of key problems in China: More than one year following China’s WTO accession, piracy rates in China remain among the highest in the world. While enforcement actions throughout China continue, the apparent unwillingness of the Chinese government at the highest levels to take the actions necessary to reduce these rates, continues to be the cause of the greatest concern, particularly the failure to date to provide a truly deterrent enforcement system by imposing criminal penalties against pirates and by significantly increasing administrative fines for acts of piracy. Piracy by both unlicensed and licensed optical disc factories continues to flood the domestic market with pirate music, movies, videogames, books, and business software, making it very difficult for local Chinese creators and U.S. right holders to build viable businesses in China. Exports have diminished to a trickle, but pirate Chinese optical disc (OD) product has been found in Hong Kong, Russia and Vietnam. Piracy at the wholesale and retail level, and over the Internet, remains rampant, even though provincial and central government authorities, as well as Customs with respect to pirate imports, have undertaken numerous raids and massive seizures. The lack of deterrence in the system, the uncoordinated enforcement activities throughout China, the lack of transparency, and continued local protectionism are the primary causes of China’s inability to reduce piracy rates. -
Openbsd Gaming Resource
OPENBSD GAMING RESOURCE A continually updated resource for playing video games on OpenBSD. Mr. Satterly Updated August 7, 2021 P11U17A3B8 III Title: OpenBSD Gaming Resource Author: Mr. Satterly Publisher: Mr. Satterly Date: Updated August 7, 2021 Copyright: Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal Email: [email protected] Website: https://MrSatterly.com/ Contents 1 Introduction1 2 Ways to play the games2 2.1 Base system........................ 2 2.2 Ports/Editors........................ 3 2.3 Ports/Emulators...................... 3 Arcade emulation..................... 4 Computer emulation................... 4 Game console emulation................. 4 Operating system emulation .............. 7 2.4 Ports/Games........................ 8 Game engines....................... 8 Interactive fiction..................... 9 2.5 Ports/Math......................... 10 2.6 Ports/Net.......................... 10 2.7 Ports/Shells ........................ 12 2.8 Ports/WWW ........................ 12 3 Notable games 14 3.1 Free games ........................ 14 A-I.............................. 14 J-R.............................. 22 S-Z.............................. 26 3.2 Non-free games...................... 31 4 Getting the games 33 4.1 Games............................ 33 5 Former ways to play games 37 6 What next? 38 Appendices 39 A Clones, models, and variants 39 Index 51 IV 1 Introduction I use this document to help organize my thoughts, files, and links on how to play games on OpenBSD. It helps me to remember what I have gone through while finding new games. The biggest reason to read or at least skim this document is because how can you search for something you do not know exists? I will show you ways to play games, what free and non-free games are available, and give links to help you get started on downloading them. -
Procedural Audio for Video Games
Procedural Audio for Video Games: Are we there yet ? Nicolas Fournel – Principal Audio Programmer Sony Computer Entertainment Europe Overview • What is procedural audio ? • How can we implement it in games ? • Pre-production • Design • Implementation • Quality Assurance What is Procedural Audio ? First, a couple of definitions… Procedural refers to the process that computes a particular function Procedural content generation generating content by computing functions Procedural techniques in other domains Landscape generation • Fractals (terrain) • L-systems (plants) • Perlin noise (clouds) Procedural techniques in other domains Texture generation • Perlin noise • Voronoi diagrams Procedural techniques in other domains City creation (e.g. CityEngine) Procedural techniques in other domains • Demo scene: 64 Kb / 4Kb / 1 Kb intros • .kkrieger: 3D first person shooter in 96K from Farbrausch Procedural content in games A few examples: • Sentinel • Elite • DEFCON • Spore • Love Present in some form or another in a lot of games What does that teach us ? Procedural content generation is used: • due to memory constraints or other technology limitations • when there is too much content to create • when we need variations of the same asset • when the asset changes depending on the game context What does that teach us ? • Data is created at run-time • Is based on a set of rules • Is controllable by the game engine Defining Procedural Audio For sound effects: • Real-time sound synthesis • With exposed control parameters • Examples of existing systems: • Staccato Systems: racing and footsteps • WWISE SoundSeed (Impact and Wind / Whoosh) • AudioGaming Defining Procedural Audio For dialogue: • real-time speech synthesis e.g. Phonetic Arts, SPASM • voice manipulation systems e.g. -
The History of Educational Computer Games
Beyond Edutainment Exploring the Educational Potential of Computer Games By Simon Egenfeldt-nielsen Submitted to the IT-University of Copenhagen as partial fulfilment of the requirements for the PhD degree February, 2005 Candidate: Simon Egenfeldt-Nielsen Købmagergade 11A, 4. floor 1150 Copenhagen +45 40107969 [email protected] Supervisors: Anker Helms Jørgensen and Carsten Jessen Abstract Computer games have attracted much attention over the years, mostly attention of the less flattering kind. This has been true for computer games focused on entertainment, but also for what for years seemed a sure winner, edutainment. This dissertation aims to be a modest contribution to understanding educational use of computer games by building a framework that goes beyond edutainment. A framework that goes beyond the limitations of edutainment, not relying on a narrow perception of computer games in education. The first part of the dissertation outlines the background for building an inclusive and solid framework for educational use of computer games. Such a foundation includes a variety of quite different perspectives for example educational media and non-electronic games. It is concluded that educational use of computer games remains strongly influenced by educational media leading to the domination of edutainment. The second part takes up the challenges posed in part 1 looking to especially educational theory and computer games research to present alternatives. By drawing on previous research three generations of educational computer games are identified. The first generation is edutainment that perceives the use of computer games as a direct way to change behaviours through repeated action. The second generation puts the spotlight on the relation between computer game and player. -
Video Game Collection MS 17 00 Game This Collection Includes Early Game Systems and Games As Well As Computer Games
Finding Aid Report Video Game Collection MS 17_00 Game This collection includes early game systems and games as well as computer games. Many of these materials were given to the WPI Archives in 2005 and 2006, around the time Gordon Library hosted a Video Game traveling exhibit from Stanford University. As well as MS 17, which is a general video game collection, there are other game collections in the Archives, with other MS numbers. Container List Container Folder Date Title None Series I - Atari Systems & Games MS 17_01 Game This collection includes video game systems, related equipment, and video games. The following games do not work, per IQP group 2009-2010: Asteroids (1 of 2), Battlezone, Berzerk, Big Bird's Egg Catch, Chopper Command, Frogger, Laser Blast, Maze Craze, Missile Command, RealSports Football, Seaquest, Stampede, Video Olympics Container List Container Folder Date Title Box 1 Atari Video Game Console & Controllers 2 Original Atari Video Game Consoles with 4 of the original joystick controllers Box 2 Atari Electronic Ware This box includes miscellaneous electronic equipment for the Atari videogame system. Includes: 2 Original joystick controllers, 2 TAC-2 Totally Accurate controllers, 1 Red Command controller, Atari 5200 Series Controller, 2 Pong Paddle Controllers, a TV/Antenna Converter, and a power converter. Box 3 Atari Video Games This box includes all Atari video games in the WPI collection: Air Sea Battle, Asteroids (2), Backgammon, Battlezone, Berzerk (2), Big Bird's Egg Catch, Breakout, Casino, Cookie Monster Munch, Chopper Command, Combat, Defender, Donkey Kong, E.T., Frogger, Haunted House, Sneak'n Peek, Surround, Street Racer, Video Chess Box 4 AtariVideo Games This box includes the following videogames for Atari: Word Zapper, Towering Inferno, Football, Stampede, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Ms. -
Perspectives, Spring 2011 - Full Issue," Perspectives: Vol
Recommended Citation (2011) "Perspectives, Spring 2011 - Full Issue," Perspectives: Vol. 3 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholars.unh.edu/perspectives/vol3/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Journals and Publications at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Perspectives by an authorized editor of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Perspectives Volume 3 Spring 2011 Article 1 5-2011 Perspectives, Spring 2011 - Full Issue Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/perspectives et al.: Perspectives, Spring 2011 - Full Issue Perspectives 2011 Table of Contents I. LAW AND POLITICS Jury Verdicts and Biases in the United States Valerie Barthell The Effects of the Characteristics of a Violent Crime and Its Offender on Recidivism Rates: A Literature Review Ashley Clark Do Race, Religion, or Gender Affect Death Penalty Support In the United States? Celie Morin Student Attitudes towards Male Inmate Sexual Violence: Gender Differences in Perceptions of Victimization Policy Bethany Schmidt Student Perspectives on Law Enforcement at UNH Victoria Vinciguerra and Dana Magane The Israel‐Palestine Problem: How Minimizing the Conflict Would Lower the Threat of Terrorism Against the U.S. Ashley Charron II. FAMILY AND PARENTING The Family’s Influence in Determining Adolescent Religiosity Ryan Rafford The Effects of Parenting Style on Adolescent Substance Use Samantha Story i Published by University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository, 2011 1 Perspectives, Vol. 3 [2011], Art. 1 III. ACADEMICS AND EDUCATION How Do Social and Economic Factors Affect Academic Achievement among Adolescent Students? An Observation of Community Social Capital, Peer Relationships, and Economic Composition Kendall Clark The Effect of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Involvement and Self Esteem on the Education of African Americans Kelby M. -
The Platform Culture of Intellivision
Implementing Intelligence: The Platform Culture of Intellivision Tom Boellstorff The University of California, Irvine Department of Anthropology 3151 Social Science Plaza Irvine, CA 92697-5100 949-824-9944 [email protected] Braxton Soderman The University of California, Irvine Department of Film and Media Studies 2000 Humanities Gateway Irvine, California 92697-2435 949-824-3532 [email protected] Keywords Platform, Platform Studies, Intellivision, Intelligence, Artificial Intelligence, Aesthetics INTRODUCTION The Intellivision home game console, developed by Mattel Electronics in the late 1970s and early 1980s, is an understudied platform in the history of video games. The portmanteau “Intellivision” invokes the idea of an “intelligent television” while also alluding to the system’s intelligent vision as a game console. The system’s name functioned as a marketing maneuver that fought two-fronts simultaneously: elevating the system above the more popular (but less technologically sophisticated) Atari VCS while remediating the television (understood pejoratively as the idiot box). Yet, beyond these obvious implications, we argue that Mattel Electronics cultivated an aesthetics and pragmatics of intelligence that shaped the entire Intellivision platform: from the initial hardware design that sought to produce “sophisticated game play” (Chandler, 1982) to the design of the system’s unique controllers that resembled touch-button phones, from its library of games that often redefined play through notions of seriousness, strategy, education, and simulation to Mattel’s embrace of a modular and extendable platform that promoted an aesthetic of augmented intelligence through various peripheral devices. If the Intellivision did not have the processing power and memory for encoding complex artificial intelligence, then how was “intelligence” implemented into the system? This paper explores how cultural assumptions about intelligence were expressed within a platform containing severe technical limitations. -
Intellivision Development, Back in the Day
Intellivision Development, Back In The Day Intellivision Development, Back In The Day Page 1 of 28 Intellivision Development, Back In The Day Table of Contents Introduction......................................................................................................................................3 Overall Process................................................................................................................................5 APh Technological Consulting..........................................................................................................6 Host Hardware and Operating System........................................................................................6 Development Tools......................................................................................................................7 CP-1610 Assembler................................................................................................................7 Text Editor...............................................................................................................................7 Pixel Editor..............................................................................................................................8 Test Harnesses............................................................................................................................8 Tight Finances...........................................................................................................................10 Mattel Electronics...........................................................................................................................11