DOCSLIB.ORG

Philosophy of the Brain : the Brain Problem / Georg Northoff

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Philosophy of the Brain : the Brain Problem / Georg Northoff <DOCINFO AUTHOR ""TITLE "Philosophy of the Brain: The ‘rain problem’"SUBJECT "Advances in Consciousness Research, Volume 52"KEYWORDS ""SIZE HEIGHT "220"WIDTH "150"VOFFSET "4"> Philosophy of the Brain Advances in Consciousness Research Advances in Consciousness Research provides a forum for scholars from different scientific disciplines and fields of knowledge who study consciousness in its multifaceted aspects. Thus the Series will include (but not be limited to) the various areas of cognitive science, including cognitive psychology, linguistics, brain science and philosophy. The orientation of the Series is toward developing new interdisciplinary and integrative approaches for the investigation, description and theory of consciousness, as well as the practical consequences of this research for the individual and society. Series A: Theory and Method. Contributions to the development of theory and method in the study of consciousness. Editor Maxim I. Stamenov Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Editorial Board David Chalmers Earl Mac Cormac University of Arizona Duke University Gordon G. Globus George Mandler University of California at Irvine University of California at San Diego Ray Jackendoff John R. Searle Brandeis University University of California at Berkeley Christof Koch Petra Stoerig California Institute of Technology Universität Düsseldorf Stephen Kosslyn †Francisco Varela Harvard University C.R.E.A., Ecole Polytechnique, Paris Volume 52 Philosophy of the Brain: The Brain problem by Georg Northoff Philosophy of the Brain The Brain problem Georg Northoff Harvard University, Boston John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements 8 of American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Northoff, Georg Philosophy of the brain : the brain problem / Georg Northoff. p. cm. (Advances in Consciousness Research, issn 1381–589X ; v. 52) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Mind-brain identity theory. 2. Philosophy of mind. I. Title. II. Series. B105.M55N67 2003 128’.2-dc21 2003054589 isbn 90 272 5183 5 (Eur.) / 1 58811 416 3 (US) (Hb; alk. paper) isbn 90 272 5184 3 (Eur.) / 1 58811 417 1 (US) (Pb; alk. paper) © 2004 – John Benjamins B.V. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. John Benjamins Publishing Co. · P.O. Box 36224 · 1020 me Amsterdam · The Netherlands John Benjamins North America · P.O. Box 27519 · Philadelphia pa 19118-0519 · usa For John who enriches my life much more than any brain could ever do Table of contents Acknowledgements ix Chapter 1 The ‘Brain problem’: ‘Mind problems’, hypothesis of ‘embedment’ and the neurophilosophical method 1 1.1 The ‘Brain problem’ 1 1.2 Definition of the brain and ‘dilemma of the brain’ 8 1.3 Hypothesis of ‘embedment’ 19 1.4 Neurophilosophy as a method for investigation of the brain 25 Chapter 2 Neuroepistemological account of the brain: ‘Epistemic–empirical relationship’ 59 2.1 ‘Spatial embedment’: The body and the own body 61 2.2 ‘Temporal embedment’: The own body and other bodies 82 2.3 ‘Mental embedment’: The brain and the own body 104 2.4 ‘Reflexive embedment’: The own brain and other brains 142 Chapter 3 ‘Philosophy of the brain’: Empirical hypothesis of the brain, ‘epistemology of the brain’, and ‘ontology of the brain’ 175 3.1 Empirical hypothesis of the brain: ‘Dynamic brain’, ‘event coding’, and ‘embedded brain’ 175 3.2 ‘Epistemology of the brain’: ‘Embedded epistemology’, ‘epistemology of events and environments’ and First-, Second-, and Third-Person Epistemology 207 3.3 ‘Ontology of the brain’: ‘Embedded brain’, ‘embedded ontology’ and ‘self-reference’ of the brain 260 Table of contents Chapter 4 The ‘Embedded brain’: ‘Mind problems’, hypothesis of ‘Embedment’, and ‘Paradigm shifts’ 337 4.1 The determination of the brain 338 4.2 The‘Dilemmaofthebrain’ 347 4.3 Hypothesis of ‘Embedment’ 354 4.4 ‘Paradigm shift’ 361 References 365 Author index 403 Subject index 405 Acknowledgements The book can be considered as a result from my clinical, neuroscientific, and philo- sophical work at Dept. of Neurology at Harvard University in Boston (USA), Dept. of Psychiatry at University of Magdeburg (Germany) and Dept. of Philosophy at University of Duesseldorf (Germany). It is a sort of “state of the art” of my own thinking that guides either implicitly or explicitly my clinical attitude, empirical studies and theoretical considerations. Writing such a book consumes much energy and valuable time in which you could have done other things that make more sense than thinking, reading and writing. Therefore, I want to thank everybody who gave me psychological support without which I could have not written this book. I owe special thanks to Alexander Heinzel, who had to bear many of the ideas in the book in a rather immature state. Emanuelle Arilli should be thanked as well since he, similar to Alexander Heinzel, opened my eyes for “real philosoph- ical thinking” especially in the logical concerns. Chen Yi, as a Chinese scientist and philosopher, focused my attention on several weak points in one of the ear- lier drafts and gave me numerous inspirations for improvement. F. Bermpohl, though coming in the final stages of this book into my group, helped me con- siderably in proof reading and getting all the references together. I also thank KN. Eicke for critical discussion especially about mental causation. Thanks also to I. Schwab, H. Böker, S. Grimm, A. Pfennig, A. Richter, R. Kötter, and many other members and collaborators of my research group for fruitful discussion. I have to thank B. Bogerts and D. Birnbacher who gave continuous support by allowing me to develop and pursue my ideas – free mental space was available for me that so often cannot be found in academics. Finally, I owe gratitude to Maxim Stamenov, two anonymous reviewers, Bertie Kaal and the publisher for their patience and continuous support. Financially, I have to thank the German Research Foundation (DFG) for sup- porting a leave from clinical and teaching duties and for giving me various grants, especially the Heisenberg grant, which finally made the transformation of ideas into a written book possible. Boston, February 2003 Chapter 1 The ‘Brain problem’ ‘Mind problems’, hypothesis of ‘embedment’ and the neurophilosophical method “Strange coincidence, that every man whose skull has been opened had a brain!” Ludwig Wittgenstein . The ‘Brain problem’ .. ‘Mind problems’ in the ‘philosophy of mind’ The mind and its relationship to the brain have been investigated extensively in neuroscience and philosophy. However, either way of their determination raises principal problems whose solution seem rather difficult. These problems shall be called ‘mind-problems’ (see Figure 1) and are discussed either implicitly or explicitly in the ‘philosophy of mind’. Empirically, the mind is determined by neuronal states, which are supposed to characterize the brain. Neuronal states of the brain are investigated empirically and related directly to different psychological and physiological functions. Meanwhile mental states can neither be investigated empirically nor related directly to neu- ronal states. Unlike neuronal states, mental states are not accessible in Third-Person Perspective, which makes their direct empirical investigation impossible. Since they are accessible in First-Person Perspective only, mental states can neither be related directly to psychological and physiological functions nor to neuronal states. Due to the inability to directly relate mental states to neuronal states, mental states cannot be detected and recognized within the brain as being characterized by neuronal states. Both problems, empirical accessibility of mental states with respect to the brain and the empirical relation between brain states and mental states remain, therefore unclear. Accordingly, one may speak of an ‘empirical mind problem’. Both subjective experience and contents of mental states cannot be detected and recognized within the neuronal states and thus within the brain. For example, subjective experience of certain events within the environment cannot be related Chapter 1 ‘Empirical mind problem’: No detection of mental states within neuronal states i.e. brain states Mental states ??? Philosophy of mind First-Person Perspective Mental properties ‘Epistemic mind problem’: ‘Ontological mind-brain problem’: No direct access to our own Relationship between ‘mental and brain as a brain in First-Person physical properties’ Perspective Figure 1. Philosophy of mind and ‘Mind-problems’ directly to the neuronal states of the brain. Neither the subjective experience, i.e., the ‘What is it like’ nor its content, i.e., the event to which the subjective experience refers, can be detected and recognized within neuronal states. If, however, mental states cannot be detected and recognized within neuronal states, they cannot be re- lated directly to the brain itself. From this inability to relate directly mental states to neuronal states, the principal impossibility of an empirical relation between men- tal states and brain states as neuronal states is inferred (see also Searle 2000:566). However, the brain might be characterized not only by neuronal states exclusively but also by some other type of state as well. In this case, the inference from the inability
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Evolution and Executive Functions: Why Our Toolboxes Are Empty
    Revista Española de Neuropsicología 4, 4:351-377 (2002) Copyright© 2002 de REN ISSN: 1139-9872 Evolution and executive functions: Why our toolboxes are empty Roy Sugarman PhD Royal Adelaide Hospital: Glenside Campus Dept of Psychiatry, Adelaide University Abstract: Despite the recent findings with regard to our origins as human primates, we still struggle to find tools that evaluate executive functioning adequately and reliably. Despite some evidence of ecological validity, our toolboxes remain largely empty. With regard to how we produce common behaviours by using individually distinct, multiple areas of focus, each brain is individual. In a sense, not many complex, human, behaviours follow a normal distribution. This work traces the probable origins of executive functioning in humans in a social context, defining in passing the nature of human self-regulation. A discussion follows which integrates these ideas within a second order, cybernetic neuroepistemology of human thought and emotion, and questions the logical paradox of assuming that isolated cortical areas such as the frontal lobes generate executive functions in a linear progression. A brief exploration follows with regard to the nature of human consciousness, and the difficulties in measuring such a homeostatic mechanism as executive function. Using alcohol related brain changes, and cross-cultural issues as exemplars, an attempt is made to define a neuroepistemology for understanding the dynamic interplay between executive function and consciousness. Key words: Brain´s Evolution, executive functioning. Evolución y funciones ejecutivas: por qué nuestras cajas de herramientas estan vacías Resumen: A pesar de los recientes hallazgos en relación a nuestros orígenes como humanos primates, aún luchamos para encontrar instrumentos que evalúen el funcionamiento ejecutivo adecuadamente y de manera fiable.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Inaugural Meeting Ofais Sigprag Par Agerfalk Uppsala University, [email protected]
    Association for Information Systems AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) All Sprouts Content Sprouts 9-1-2010 Proceedings of the Inaugural Meeting ofAIS SIGPrag Par Agerfalk Uppsala University, [email protected] Mark Aakhus Rutgers University, [email protected] Mikael Lind Viktoria Institute, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://aisel.aisnet.org/sprouts_all Recommended Citation Agerfalk, Par; Aakhus, Mark; and Lind, Mikael, " Proceedings of the Inaugural Meeting ofAIS SIGPrag" (2010). All Sprouts Content. 253. http://aisel.aisnet.org/sprouts_all/253 This material is brought to you by the Sprouts at AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). It has been accepted for inclusion in All Sprouts Content by an authorized administrator of AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). For more information, please contact [email protected]. Working Papers on Information Systems ISSN 1535-6078 Proceedings of the Inaugural Meeting of AIS SIGPrag Pär Ãgerfalk Uppsala University, Sweden Mark Aakhus Rutgers University, USA Mikael Lind Viktoria Institute, Sweden Abstract The Special Interest Group on Pragmatist IS Research (SIGPrag) was approved by the Association for Information Systems (AIS) council at its June 2008 meeting in Gallway. The motivation for this initiative is the growing recognition of the importance of theorizing the IT artifact and its organizational and societal context from a pragmatic and action-oriented perspective. SIGPragâs mission is to provide a much-needed centre of gravity and to facilitate exchange of ideas and further development of this area of IS scholarship. In summary, pragmatist IS research rests on the following set of assumptions: ⢠Human life is a life of activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecopsychology
    E u r o p e a n J o u r n a l o f Ecopsychology Special Issue: Ecopsychology and the psychedelic experience Edited by: David Luke Volume 4 2013 European Journal of Ecopsychology EDITOR Paul Stevens, The Open University, UK ASSOCIATE EDITORS Martin Jordan, University of Brighton, UK Martin Milton, University of Surrey, UK Designed and formatted using open source software. EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Matthew Adams, University of Brighton, UK Meg Barker, The Open University, UK Jonathan Coope, De Montfort University, UK Lorraine Fish, UK Jamie Heckert, Anarchist Studies Network John Hegarty, Keele University, UK Alex Hopkinson, Climate East Midlands, UK David Key, Footprint Consulting, UK Alex Lockwood, University of Sunderland, UK David Luke, University of Greenwich, UK Jeff Shantz, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Canada FOCUS & SCOPE The EJE aims to promote discussion about the synthesis of psychological and ecological ideas. We will consider theoretical papers, empirical reports, accounts of therapeutic practice, and more personal reflections which offer the reader insight into new and original aspects of the interrelationship between humanity and the rest of the natural world. Topics of interest include: • Effects of the natural environment on our emotions and wellbeing • How psychological disconnection relates to the current ecological crisis • Furthering our understanding of psychological, emotional and spiritual relationships with nature For more information, please see our website at http://ecopsychology-journal.eu/ or contact us via email:
    [Show full text]
  • Andrew B. Newberg Page 1 Curriculum Vitae
    Andrew B. Newberg Page 1 Curriculum Vitae Andrew B. Newberg, M.D. Education: 8/84-5/88 B.A. Haverford College Haverford, PA 19034 8/88-5/93 M.D. University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104 Postgraduate Training and Fellowship Appointments: 6/93-6/94 Internship in Internal Medicine, Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19134 7/94-6/96 Residency in Internal Medicine, Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19134 7/96-6/97 Chief Resident, in Internal Medicine, Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19134 7/97-6/98 Fellow, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 7/97-1/98 Chief Fellow, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 Faculty Appointments: 7/94-6/97 Assistant Instructor, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 7/98-11/99 Clinical Assistant Professor of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 7/97-7/99 Instructor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 12/99-6/06 Assistant Professor of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 6/03-10/10 Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 10/05-10/10 Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Religious Studies, University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences 7/06-10/10 Associate Professor of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 10/10-present Professor of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University and Hospital 10/10-present Professor of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University and Hospital 7/15-present Adjunct Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences Hospital and Administrative Appointments: Andrew B.
    [Show full text]
  • Religion in an Age of Science by Ian Barbour
    Religion in an Age of Science return to religion-online 47 Religion in an Age of Science by Ian Barbour Ian G. Barbour is Professor of Science, Technology, and Society at Carleton College, Northefiled, Minnesota. He is the author of Myths, Models and Paradigms (a National Book Award), Issues in Science and Religion, and Science and Secularity, all published by HarperSanFrancisco. Published by Harper San Francisco, 1990. This material was prepared for Religion Online by Ted and Winnie Brock. (ENTIRE BOOK) An excellent and readable summary of the role of religion in an age of science. Barbour's Gifford Lectures -- the expression of a lifetime of scholarship and deep personal conviction and insight -- including a clear and helpful analysis of process theology. Preface What is the place of religion in an age of science? How can one believe in God today? What view of God is consistent with the scientific understanding of the world? My goals are to explore the place of religion in an age of science and to present an interpretation of Christianity that is responsive to both the historical tradition and contemporary science. Part 1: Religion and the Methods of Science Chapter 1: Ways of Relating Science and Religion A broad description of contemporary views of the relationship between the methods of science and those of religion: Conflict, Independence, Dialogue, and Integration. Chapter 2: Models and Paradigms This chapter examines some parallels between the methods of science and those of religion: the interaction of data and theory (or experience and interpretation); the historical character of the interpretive community; the use of models; and the influence of paradigms or programs.
    [Show full text]
  • The Neuroscientific Study of Religious and Spiritual Phenomena: Or Why God Doesn’T Use Biostatistics
    THE NEUROSCIENTIFIC STUDY OF RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITUAL PHENOMENA: OR WHY GOD DOESN’T USE BIOSTATISTICS by Andrew B. Newberg and Bruce Y. Lee Abstract. With the rapidly expanding field of neuroscience re- search exploring religious and spiritual phenomena, there have been many perspectives as to the validity, importance, relevance, and need for such research. In this essay we review the studies that have con- tributed to our current understanding of the neuropsychology of re- ligious phenomena. We focus on methodological issues to determine which areas have been weaknesses and strengths in the current stud- ies. This area of research also poses important theological and episte- mological questions that require careful consideration if both the religious and scientific elements are to be appropriately respected. The best way to evaluate this field is to determine the methodologi- cal issues that currently affect the field and explore how best to ad- dress such issues so that future investigations can be as robust as possible and can become more mainstream in both the religious and the scientific arenas. Keywords: health; methodology; religion; spirituality. With the rapidly expanding field of research exploring religious and spiri- tual phenomena, there have been many perspectives as to the validity, im- portance, relevance, and need for such research. There is also the ultimate issue of how such research should be interpreted with regard to epistemo- logical questions. The best way to evaluate this field is to determine the methodological issues that currently affect the field and explore how best Andrew B. Newberg, M.D., is assistant professor of radiology and psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania Health System, 110 Donner Building, H.U.P., 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104; e-mail [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Comments on Donald T. Campbell's
    Contents W. Callebaut/R. Riedl 2 Preface Donald T. Campbell 5 From Evolutionary Epistemology Via Selection Theory to a Sociology of Scientific Validity Linnda R. Caporael 39 Vehicles of Knowledge: Artifacts and Social Groups W. D. Christensen/C. A. Hooker 44 Selection Theory, Organization and the Development of Knowledge Andy J. Clark 49 Evolutionary Epistemology and the Scientific Method Ed Constant 55 Comments on Donald T. Campbell’s “From Evolutionary Epistemology Via Selection Theory to a Sociology of Scientific Validity” Steve Fuller 58 Campbell’s Failed Cultural Materialism Francis Heylighen 63 Objective, Subjective, and Intersubjective Selectors of Knowledge Aharon Kantorovich 68 The Rationality of Innovation and the Scientific Community as a Carrier of Knowledge Elias L. Khalil 71 Can Artificial Selection Remedy the Failing of Natural Section with Regard to Scientific Validation? Kyung-Man Kim 75 D. T. Campbell’s Social Epistemology of Science Marc De Mey 81 Vision as Paradigm: From VTE to Cognitive Science Erhard Oeser 85 The Two-stage Model of Evolutionary Epistemology Henry Plotkin 89 Knowledge and Adapted Biological Structures Massimo Stanzione 92 Campbell, Hayek and Kautsky on Societal Evolution Franz M. Wuketits 98 Four (or Five?) Types of Evolutionary Epistemology Evolution and Cognition: ISSN: 0938-2623 Published by: Konrad Lorenz Institut für Evolutions- und Kognitionsforschung, Adolf-Lorenz-Gasse 2, A-3422 Alten- Impressum berg/Donau. Tel.: 0043-2242-32390; Fax: 0043-2242-323904; e-mail: [email protected]; World Wide Web: http://www.kla.univie.ac.at/ Chairman: Ru- pert Riedl Managing Editor: Manfred Wimmer Layout: Alexander Riegler Aim and Scope: “Evolution and Cognition” is an interdisciplinary forum devoted to all aspects of research on cognition in animals and humans.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Neural Connectivity of the Creative Mind Psyche Loui Setareh O'brien
    Neural Connectivity of the Creative Mind Psyche Loui Setareh O’Brien Samuel Sontag Wesleyan University March 17, 2015 1 Abstract Human creativity contributes to the engagement, achievement, and subjective well-being of individuals. While historiometric and psychometric studies have defined multiple areas for creativity research, a neuroscientific understanding of how the human brain subserves creativity is only beginning to be realized. This chapter reviews the literature on the neuroscience of creativity, with special foci on how different components of creative cognition and domains of perception relate to the structural and functional connectivity of the human brain, and how these patterns of brain connectivity can inform interventions that foster creativity and innovation. Keywords Creativity, neuroimaging, structural connectivity, functional connectivity, creative cognition, perception, intervention 2 Introduction What would the world be like without creativity? Surely, the fundamentally human drive to create something wholly new and useful has catalyzed great achievements in history. Creativity contributes to the adaptation, growth, and pleasure of communities, and plays an important role in the well-being of individuals. Creativity can allow us to lose ourselves in engaging activities, to achieve success by developing innovative solutions to problems, and to make social contributions that provide satisfaction and meaning in our lives. These ends—engagement, achievement, and meaning—are considered to be among the key components of the flourishing life (Seligman 2011). More specifically, research studies suggest that creativity may be positively correlated with measures of happiness and subjective well-being (Pannells & Claxton, 2008; Tamannaeifar & Motaghedifard, 2014). As positive psychology embraces the use of scientific inquiry to increase happiness and improve well-being, the movement would be incomplete without a thorough investigation of this core human strength (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000; Simonton, 2002).
    [Show full text]
  • CURRICULUM VITAE John Bickle December 2020
    CURRICULUM VITAE John Bickle December 2020 Mailing Address: Department of Philosophy and Religion P.O. Box JS Mississippi State University Mississippi State, MS 39762 (662) 325-2382 fax: (662) 325-3340 E-mail Addresses: [email protected] URLs: http://www.philosophyandreligion.msstate.edu/faculty/bickle.php https://www.umc.edu/Education/Schools/Medicine/Basic_Science/Neurobiology/John_Bi ckle,_PhD.aspx ___________________________________________________________________________ CURRENT ACADEMIC POSITIONS Professor (Tenured) of Philosophy Mississippi State University Affiliate Faculty Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences University of Mississippi Medical Center EDUCATION B.A. University of California, Los Angeles, June 1983 M.A., Ph.D. University of California, Irvine, June 1989 Field: Philosophy; Scientific Concentration: Neurobiology. Doctoral Dissertation: Toward a Scientific Reformulation of the Mind-Body Problem AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION Philosophy of Neuroscience, Philosophy of Science (especially Scientific Reductionism), Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Cognition and Consciousness AREAS OF COMPETENCE Moral Psychology and the Moral Virtues, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Logical Positivism (especially the Philosophy of Rudolph Carnap), Libertarian Political Philosophy ______________________________________________________________________________ PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS (94) BOOKS (4) 2014 Engineering the Next Revolution in Neuroscience. (Co-authors: Alcino J. Silva and Anthony Landreth).
    [Show full text]
  • 1 JACQUELINE ANNE SULLIVAN Associate Professor Department
    JACQUELINE ANNE SULLIVAN Associate Professor Department of Philosophy – Rotman Institute of Philosophy University of Western Ontario 7170 WIRB London ON N6A 5B7, CANADA ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS University of Western Ontario • Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, 2017-present • Core Member, Rotman Institute of Philosophy, 2012-present • Associate Member, Brain and Mind Institute, 2012-present Previous Assistant Professor, University of Western Ontario, Department of Philosophy, 2012-2017 Assistant Professor, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007-2012 AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION Philosophy of Neuroscience, Philosophy of Science, Philosophy of Mind AREAS OF COMPETENCE History and Philosophy of Psychology, Epistemology, Philosophy of Psychiatry, Bioethics, Philosophy of Criminology EDUCATION Ph.D. History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh, 2007 Graduate Student Trainee Certificate, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition (CNBC), University of Pittsburgh, 2007 M.S. Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 2003 M.A. History and Philosophy of Science, 2001 B.A. Philosophy (with high honors) Clark University, 1995 Certificat Practique de Langue Française, CIEF, Dijon, 1994 1 PUBLICATIONS Peer Reviewed Journal Publications 17. (2019). Ward, T., Durrant, R. & Sullivan, J. Understanding Crime: A Mutilevel Approach. Psychology, Crime & Law, 25(6): 709-711. 16. (2019). Achieving Cumulative Progress in Understanding Crime: Some Insights from the Philosophy of Science. Psychology, Crime & Law, 25(6): 561-576. 15. (2018) Optogenetics, Pluralism and Progress. Philosophy of Science 85: 1090-1101. 14. (2018) Panichi, R., Dieni, C., Sullivan, J., Faralli, M., Contemori, S., Biscarini, A., Petterossi, V. 17 beta- estradiol synthesis modulates cerebellar dependent motor memory formation in adult male rats. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 155: 276-286. (Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1074742718301941) 13.
    [Show full text]
  • Computer Modelling of the Influence of Natural Selection on Perceptual Veridicality
    UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI SKUPNI INTERDISCIPLINARNI PROGRAM DRUGE STOPNJE KOGNITIVNA ZNANOST V SODELOVANJU Z UNIVERSITÄT WIEN, UNIVERZITA KOMENSKÉHO V BRATISLAVE IN EÖTVÖS LORÁND TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM Tine Kolenik Computer modelling of the influence of natural selection on perceptual veridicality Računalniško modeliranje vpliva naravnega izbora na veridičnost zaznavanja MAGISTRSKO DELO Ljubljana, 2018 UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA MIDDLE EUROPEAN INTERDISCIPLINARY MASTER’S PROGRAMME IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE IN ASSOCIATION WITH UNIVERSITÄT WIEN, UNIVERZITA KOMENSKÉHO V BRATISLAVE AND EÖTVÖS LORÁND TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM Tine Kolenik Computer modelling of the influence of natural selection on perceptual veridicality MASTER’S THESIS Supervisor: Univ. Prof. Dr. Urban Kordeš Co-supervisor: Univ. Prof. Dr. Igor Farkaš Ljubljana, 2018 UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI SKUPNI INTERDISCIPLINARNI PROGRAM DRUGE STOPNJE KOGNITIVNA ZNANOST V SODELOVANJU Z UNIVERSITÄT WIEN, UNIVERZITA KOMENSKÉHO V BRATISLAVE IN EÖTVÖS LORÁND TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM Tine Kolenik Računalniško modeliranje vpliva naravnega izbora na veridičnost zaznavanja MAGISTRSKO DELO Mentor: izr. prof. dr. Urban Kordeš Somentor: univ. prof. dr. Igor Farkaš Ljubljana, 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To my parents for the eternal support and for genuinely believing that knowledge is a gift no one can take away from you. This thesis is dedicated to you. To Polona for making sure I did not go (too) crazy while writing this thesis. To Professor Urban Kordeš for the continued inspiration and true mentorship. To Professor Igor Farkaš for the help and the always uplifting words. To the “Observatory” research team for the ideas. ZAHVALA Staršem za večno podporo in pristno vero v rek, da ti znanja ne more vzeti nihče. Magistrsko delo je posvečeno vama. Poloni, ker si poskrbela, da se mi med pisanjem magistrskega dela ni (še bolj) zmešalo.
    [Show full text]
  • How the Human Brain Represents Perceived Dangerousness Or “Predacity” of Animals
    The Journal of Neuroscience, May 11, 2016 • 36(19):5373–5384 • 5373 Behavioral/Cognitive How the Human Brain Represents Perceived Dangerousness or “Predacity” of Animals X Andrew C. Connolly,1 XLong Sha,2 X J. Swaroop Guntupalli,3 XNikolaas Oosterhof,4 XYaroslav O. Halchenko,3 X Samuel A. Nastase,3 XMatteo Visconti di Oleggio Castello,3 XHerve´ Abdi,5 XBarbara C. Jobst,1 XM. Ida Gobbini,3,6 and X James V. Haxby3,4 1Department of Neurology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, 2Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, 3Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, 4Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Trento, Italy, 5School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, and 6Department of Specialized Medicine, Diagnostic and Experimental, Medical School, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy Common or folk knowledge about animals is dominated by three dimensions: (1) level of cognitive complexity or “animacy;” (2) dangerousnessor“predacity;”and(3)size.Weinvestigatedtheneuralbasisoftheperceiveddangerousnessoraggressivenessofanimals, which we refer to more generally as “perception of threat.” Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we analyzed neural activity evoked by viewing images of animal categories that spanned the dissociable semantic dimensions of threat and taxonomic class. The results reveal a distributed
    [Show full text]