DOCSLIB.ORG

Plant Species First Recognised As Naturalised Or Naturalising for New South Wales in 2004 and 2005

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Plant Species First Recognised As Naturalised Or Naturalising for New South Wales in 2004 and 2005 Plant species first recognised as naturalised or naturalising for New South Wales in 2004 and 2005 John R. Hosking1, Barry J. Conn2, Brendan J. Lepschi3 and Clive H. Barker4 1Industry & Investment New South Wales, 4 Marsden Park Road, Calala, NSW 2340, Australia; [email protected] 2National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia; [email protected] 3Australian National Herbarium, Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; [email protected] 428 Wallis Street, Lawson, NSW 2783, Australia: [email protected] Abstract: Information is provided on the taxonomy and distribution of 62 taxa of naturalised or naturalising plants newly recorded for the state of New South Wales during the period 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2005 and 1 species treated in the 2002 revised Flora of New South Wales Volume 2 but overlooked in an earlier paper of this series. Of these taxa, 17 are new records for Australia (prefaced with a †). The 62 taxa are: Acer palmatum, †Acer saccharinum, Achillea filipendulina, Acokanthera oblongifolia, †Anemone hupehensis var. japonica, Berberis aquifolium, †Bidens aurea, †Brugmansia suaveolens, Brugmansia x candida, Buddleja dysophylla, †Convolvulus farinosus, Cordyline australis, Coriandrum sativum, Corymbia citriodora (Australian species naturalised outside its native range), Crassula ericoides subsp. ericoides, Crotalaria retusa (Australian species naturalised outside its native range), Cyperus prolifer, Echinochloa polystachya, Ficus carica, †Gladiolus dalenii, †Gladiolus cultivar, Hakea laurina (Western Australian species), Hemerocallis fulva var. fulva, Hieracium pilosella, Hydrangea macrophylla, Hydrocleys nymphoides, Hymenachne amplexicaulis, Hypericum calycinum, Impatiens balfouri, Indigofera spicata, Iris laevigata, †Juglans ailantifolia, Lilium lancifolium, Lygodium japonicum, Malephora crocea, Mauranthemum paludosum, Melastoma malabathricum, †Nassella tenuissima, Pelargonium quercifolium, †Phoenix reclinata, Phormium tenax, Pinus contorta, Podranea ricasoliana, †Polygonatum x hybridum, Polypremum procumbens, †Primula malacoides, Rhaphiolepis umbellata, Romneya coulteri, Romneya trichocalyx, Setaria incrassata, †Sideritis lanata, †Sorbus aucuparia, Spartium junceum, Stylosanthes guianensis, Stylosanthes humilis, †Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus, Syzygium paniculatum (Australian species naturalising outside its native range), Tibouchina urvilleana, †Tradescantia cerinthoides, †Utricularia sandersonii, Washingtonia filifera and Zephyranthes carinata. The overlooked species is Eugenia uniflora. Appendix 1 summarises information on the 174 species covered in this paper or the two previous papers in the series (Hosking et al. 2003, Hosking et al. 2007). Cunninghamia (2011) 12 (1) : 85–114 Introduction the period 2004–2005 and follows the format of Hosking et al. (2007). Only taxa considered to be spreading from This paper is part of a series covering taxa recognised as initial plantings or other naturalisations (e.g. from discarded naturalised or naturalising by the National Herbarium of New garden refuse) are covered. ‘Naturalised’ in this paper refers South Wales (standard code for this herbarium, NSW, is used to non-native taxa that have been reproducing (sexually throughout this paper). Earlier papers covered the periods or vegetatively) in the wild for at least one generation. 2000–2001 and 2002–2003 (Hosking et al. 2003, Hosking ‘Naturalising’ covers taxa growing in the wild that have not et al. 2007). This paper draws attention to a number of new yet reproduced, or are not spreading vegetatively. naturalisations recorded for the state of New South Wales (N.S.W.) and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) over Cunninghamia: a journal of plant ecology for eastern Australia © 2011 Botanic Gardens Trust www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/science/Scientific_publications/cunninghamia 86 Cunninghamia 12(1): 2011 Hosking et al, Plant species first recognised as naturalised/naturalising for New South Wales in 2004-05 Methods local floras, including local government weeds officers, environmental consultants, bush regenerators, professional All taxa treated are represented by vouchers lodged at NSW botanists and staff from Landcare and Greening Australia or the Australian National Herbarium, Canberra (CANB). A and (ii) specimens retained by herbaria who provide plant number of taxa listed were first collected prior to 2004 but identifications for the general public, government agencies are included here as these records were overlooked for Flora and other professionals. of New South Wales accounts, or in our earlier accounts, and It is hoped that publication of new records of plant species were subsequently noted during 2004 or 2005. Following naturalised in N.S.W. will prompt further collections of recent collections a few old specimens stored at the end introduced species. In the long term, this approach will focus of genera and families in the NSW collection were able to attention on potential problem species, and hopefully lead to be determined to species. There are also likely to be other their eradication before they have the opportunity to spread records of recently naturalised species collected in the area and become serious weeds. during 2004 and 2005 that are housed at other Australian herbaria and we urge collectors in other states to lodge Appendix 1 summarises information on the 174 species material collected from the Australian Capital Territory or in this paper or in the two previous papers in the series New South Wales at either CANB or NSW. (Hosking et al. 2003, Hosking et al. 2007). Name, Family, Growth Form, First Record, Botanical Regions, Place of The Germplasm Resources Information Network database Origin, Introduction Source, Weed Potential in NSW, and (USDA) (URL http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/ Cunninghamia volume are provided. taxgenform.pl) and The International Plant Name Index (http://www.ipni.org/index.html) were extensively consulted to determine currently accepted names, authorities and native Plant species first recognised as naturalised in range of taxa covered in this paper. The PlantNET website New South Wales during 2004 and 2005 (NSW) (http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/) was used to The following taxa are grouped as follows: Ferns, Conifers determine the current status of knowledge of introduced and allies, Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons, then listed plants in New South Wales (PlantNET 1999+). The NSW in alphabetical order by family (based on the Angiosperm Collections (NSW) and Australian National Herbarium Phylogeny Website (http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/ Specimen Information Records (CANB) databases, together Research/APweb/welcome.html), then by genus and species, with the Australia’s Virtual Herbarium website (http://www. followed by vernacular name (where known). This is ersa.edu.au/avh/) were extensively used to determine the followed by references to published descriptions (including known records of introduced taxa. botanical illustrations and photographs), region of origin, Taxon names used are those currently adopted by NSW and distribution within N.S.W. according to botanical regions, can be viewed in PlantNET (1999+). Nomenclatural details habitat preferences (including areas where the taxon is likely were checked in APNI (1993+). Herbarium codes follow to naturalise based on native range and areas where it has Holmgren et al. (1990). naturalised (if such information can be determined), the first known herbarium record, additional herbarium records Information on means of dispersal of various taxa treated in for the State and miscellaneous notes (including relative this paper is given under ‘Notes’ for each taxon where this abundance, invasiveness and whether naturalised in other is known. Where the dispersal mechanism is not listed, the states or overseas). Authorities for native species are those taxon concerned is presumed to spread by seed. However, currently recognised at the National Herbarium of New the actual means of dispersal is not known for a number of South Wales (NSW). taxa treated. Ferns Discussion Lygodiaceae The definition of the term ‘naturalised’ as used in this paper is outlined above. Given that there is a degree of disagreement Lygodium japonicum Sw. as to how this term should be applied (see Richardson et Japanese Climbing Fern al. 2000, Pyšek et al. 2004), we have provided additional information on numbers of plants present, area covered and DESCRIPTION: Climbing fern. See Chinnock in McCarthy (1998) and reproductive status of all taxa treated in this paper to allow Diggs et al. (2006). for these differences in interpretation. REGION OF ORIGIN: Native of Asia from Japan and eastern and southern China to Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Papua New Guinea. There are many ways of detecting new plant naturalisations (Hosking et al. 2001). The records of plant naturalisations NEW SOUTH WALES DISTRIBUTION / HABITATS: Central Coast. Recorded from bushland. in N.S.W. listed below are the result of (i) collections made by experts who have a reasonable knowledge of Cunninghamia 12(1): 2011 Hosking et al, Plant species first recognised as naturalised/naturalising for New South Wales in 2004-05 87 FIRST RECORD: Below Gnarbo, Kogarah, M. Monera s.n., 4 Aug DESCRIPTION: Herb to 25 cm high. See Hooker (1825), Lindley 2000 (NSW). (1825) and Ji & Meerow in Wu & Raven (2000, 2002). NOTES: Spread by movement of spores and locally by rhizomes. Notes
Load more

Recommended publications
  • "National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary."
    Intro 1996 National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands The Fish and Wildlife Service has prepared a National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary (1996 National List). The 1996 National List is a draft revision of the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1988 National Summary (Reed 1988) (1988 National List). The 1996 National List is provided to encourage additional public review and comments on the draft regional wetland indicator assignments. The 1996 National List reflects a significant amount of new information that has become available since 1988 on the wetland affinity of vascular plants. This new information has resulted from the extensive use of the 1988 National List in the field by individuals involved in wetland and other resource inventories, wetland identification and delineation, and wetland research. Interim Regional Interagency Review Panel (Regional Panel) changes in indicator status as well as additions and deletions to the 1988 National List were documented in Regional supplements. The National List was originally developed as an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (Cowardin et al.1979) to aid in the consistent application of this classification system for wetlands in the field.. The 1996 National List also was developed to aid in determining the presence of hydrophytic vegetation in the Clean Water Act Section 404 wetland regulatory program and in the implementation of the swampbuster provisions of the Food Security Act. While not required by law or regulation, the Fish and Wildlife Service is making the 1996 National List available for review and comment.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora.Sa.Gov.Au/Jabg
    JOURNAL of the ADELAIDE BOTANIC GARDENS AN OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL FOR AUSTRALIAN SYSTEMATIC BOTANY flora.sa.gov.au/jabg Published by the STATE HERBARIUM OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on behalf of the BOARD OF THE BOTANIC GARDENS AND STATE HERBARIUM © Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia © Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, Government of South Australia All rights reserved State Herbarium of South Australia PO Box 2732 Kent Town SA 5071 Australia © 2012 Board of the Botanic Gardens & State Herbarium, Government of South Australia J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 25 (2012) 71–96 © 2012 Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, Govt of South Australia Notes on Hibbertia (Dilleniaceae) 8. Seven new species, a new combination and four new subspecies from subgen. Hemistemma, mainly from the central coast of New South Wales H.R. Toelkena & R.T. Millerb a State Herbarium of South Australia, DENR Science Resource Centre, P.O. Box 2732, Kent Town, South Australia 5071 E-mail: [email protected] b 13 Park Road, Bulli, New South Wales 2516 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Increased collections from the Hibbertia-rich vicinity of Sydney, New South Wales, prompted a survey of rarer species to publicise the need for more information ahead of the rapid urban spread. Many of these species were previously misunderstood or are listed as rare and endangered. Thirteen new taxa (in bold) are described and discussed in context with the following seventeen taxa within seven different species groups: 1. H. acicularis group: H. woronorana Toelken; 2. H. humifusa group: H.
    [Show full text]
  • Cally Plant List a ACIPHYLLA Horrida
    Cally Plant List A ACIPHYLLA horrida ACONITUM albo-violaceum albiflorum ABELIOPHYLLUM distichum ACONITUM cultivar ABUTILON vitifolium ‘Album’ ACONITUM pubiceps ‘Blue Form’ ACAENA magellanica ACONITUM pubiceps ‘White Form’ ACAENA species ACONITUM ‘Spark’s Variety’ ACAENA microphylla ‘Kupferteppich’ ACONITUM cammarum ‘Bicolor’ ACANTHUS mollis Latifolius ACONITUM cammarum ‘Franz Marc’ ACANTHUS spinosus Spinosissimus ACONITUM lycoctonum vulparia ACANTHUS ‘Summer Beauty’ ACONITUM variegatum ACANTHUS dioscoridis perringii ACONITUM alboviolaceum ACANTHUS dioscoridis ACONITUM lycoctonum neapolitanum ACANTHUS spinosus ACONITUM paniculatum ACANTHUS hungaricus ACONITUM species ex. China (Ron 291) ACANTHUS mollis ‘Long Spike’ ACONITUM japonicum ACANTHUS mollis free-flowering ACONITUM species Ex. Japan ACANTHUS mollis ‘Turkish Form’ ACONITUM episcopale ACANTHUS mollis ‘Hollard’s Gold’ ACONITUM ex. Russia ACANTHUS syriacus ACONITUM carmichaelii ‘Spätlese’ ACER japonicum ‘Aconitifolium’ ACONITUM yezoense ACER palmatum ‘Filigree’ ACONITUM carmichaelii ‘Barker’s Variety’ ACHILLEA grandifolia ACONITUM ‘Newry Blue’ ACHILLEA ptarmica ‘Perry’s White’ ACONITUM napellus ‘Bergfürst’ ACHILLEA clypeolata ACONITUM unciniatum ACIPHYLLA monroi ACONITUM napellus ‘Blue Valley’ ACIPHYLLA squarrosa ACONITUM lycoctonum ‘Russian Yellow’ ACIPHYLLA subflabellata ACONITUM japonicum subcuneatum ACONITUM meta-japonicum ADENOPHORA aurita ACONITUM napellus ‘Carneum’ ADIANTUM aleuticum ‘Japonicum’ ACONITUM arcuatum B&SWJ 774 ADIANTUM aleuticum ‘Miss Sharples’ ACORUS calamus ‘Argenteostriatus’
    [Show full text]
  • Reveals of New Candidate Active Components in Hemerocallis Radix and Its Anti-Depression Action of Mechanism Based on Network Pharmacology Approach
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Reveals of New Candidate Active Components in Hemerocallis Radix and Its Anti-Depression Action of Mechanism Based on Network Pharmacology Approach Hsin-Yi Lin 1,* , Jen-Chieh Tsai 2 , Lung-Yuan Wu 3 and Wen-Huang Peng 1,* 1 School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan 2 Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications Da-Yeh University, No.168, University Rd., Dacun, Changhua 51591, Taiwan; [email protected] 3 Graduate Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (H.-Y.L.); [email protected] (W.-H.P.); Tel.: +886-982-328-632 (H.-Y.L.); +886-422-053-366 (W.-H.P.) Received: 4 February 2020; Accepted: 6 March 2020; Published: 9 March 2020 Abstract: The global depression population is showing a significant increase. Hemerocallis fulva L. is a common Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Its flower buds are known to have ability to clear away heat and dampness, detoxify, and relieve depression. Ancient TCM literature shows that its roots have a beneficial effect in calming the spirit and even the temper in order to reduce the feeling of melancholy. Therefore, it is inferred that the root of Hemerocallis fulva L. can be used as a therapeutic medicine for depression. This study aims to uncover the pharmacological mechanism of the antidepressant effect of Hemerocallis Radix (HR) through network pharmacology method.
    [Show full text]
  • FLORA from FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE of MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2
    ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141 Acta Biologica Marisiensis 2018, 1(1): 60-70 ORIGINAL PAPER FLORA FROM FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Romania 2Mureş County Museum, Department of Natural Sciences, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania *Correspondence: Silvia OROIAN [email protected] Received: 2 July 2018; Accepted: 9 July 2018; Published: 15 July 2018 Abstract The aim of this study was to identify a potential source of medicinal plant from Transylvanian Plain. Also, the paper provides information about the hayfields floral richness, a great scientific value for Romania and Europe. The study of the flora was carried out in several stages: 2005-2008, 2013, 2017-2018. In the studied area, 397 taxa were identified, distributed in 82 families with therapeutic potential, represented by 164 medical taxa, 37 of them being in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.5. The study reveals that most plants contain: volatile oils (13.41%), tannins (12.19%), flavonoids (9.75%), mucilages (8.53%) etc. This plants can be used in the treatment of various human disorders: disorders of the digestive system, respiratory system, skin disorders, muscular and skeletal systems, genitourinary system, in gynaecological disorders, cardiovascular, and central nervous sistem disorders. In the study plants protected by law at European and national level were identified: Echium maculatum, Cephalaria radiata, Crambe tataria, Narcissus poeticus ssp. radiiflorus, Salvia nutans, Iris aphylla, Orchis morio, Orchis tridentata, Adonis vernalis, Dictamnus albus, Hammarbya paludosa etc. Keywords: Fărăgău, medicinal plants, human disease, Mureş County 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Top 5 Take-Over Weeds Often Overlooked
    14 HOME & GARDEN, DAILY COURIER, Grants Pass, Oregon • FRIDAY, APRIL 12, 2019 Top 5 take-over weeds often overlooked If you read through the list of noxious insects was initially prized. The Oregon where it is poisonous to livestock. weeds published by the Oregon Depart- Department of Agriculture named Buddle- St. Johnswort, Hypericum perforatum, ment of Agriculture, you may be surprised ja davidii as a noxious weed in 2010. is on the Oregon Department of Agricul- to see some old plant friends on the list. Butterfly Bush is a prolific seeder and ture noxious weed list. Tamer cousin St You may have been fighting to keep can easily spread by wind, water, or ani- John’s Wort, Hypericum kouytchense, is them under control mal contact. reportedly an invasive weed in Hawaii, but in your yard, but Reliably sterile varieties available that those who have a garden space where its Story by never considered are somewhat smaller and less showy aggressive nature can be successfully con- them weeds. Are than their invasive cousin are available. trolled may find it to be a useful ground Carolyn McCord they? More defini- And other attractive Buddleja cultivars cover that will grow when other plants tion of “weed” are available. Oregon State University struggle. Keeping control requires vigi- might help. provides information on landscape alter- lance. Avoid planting adjacent to woods, If you search online you will find that natives at pastures or untended land. Wikipedia says a weed is “a plant consid- landscapeplants.oregonstate.edu. • Scotch Broom, Cytisus scoparius, is a ered undesirable in a particular situation; • English Ivy Hedera helix is the lush common plant in our area but one to a plant in the wrong place.” green ivy ground cover and climber seen in avoid.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey of Roadside Alien Plants in Hawai`I Volcanoes National Park and Adjacent Residential Areas 2001–2005
    Technical Report HCSU-032 SURVEY OF ROADSIDE ALIEN PLANts IN HAWAI`I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK AND ADJACENT RESIDENTIAL AREAS 2001–2005 Linda W. Pratt1 Keali`i F. Bio2 James D. Jacobi1 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Kilauea Field Station, P.O. Box 44, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718 2 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo, P.O. Box 44, Hawai‘i National Park, HI 96718 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawai‘i at Hilo 200 W. Kawili St. Hilo, HI 96720 (808) 933-0706 September 2012 This product was prepared under Cooperative Agreement CA03WRAG0036 for the Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey. Technical Report HCSU-032 SURVEY OF ROADSIDE ALIEN PLANTS IN HAWAI`I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK AND ADJACENT RESIDENTIAL AREAS 2001–2005 1 2 1 LINDA W. PRATT , KEALI`I F. BIO , AND JAMES D. JACOBI 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Kīlauea Field Station, P.O. Box 44, Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, HI 96718 2 Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai`i at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720 Hawai`i Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawai`i at Hilo 200 W. Kawili St. Hilo, HI 96720 (808) 933-0706 September 2012 This article has been peer reviewed and approved for publication consistent with USGS Fundamental Science Practices ( http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1367/ ). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Alien Plants an Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent
    Invasive Alien Plants An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent EDITED BY I.R. BHATT, J.S. SINGH, S.P. SINGH, R.S. TRIPATHI AND R.K. KOHL! 019eas Invasive Alien Plants An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent FSC ...wesc.org MIX Paper from responsible sources `FSC C013604 CABI INVASIVE SPECIES SERIES Invasive species are plants, animals or microorganisms not native to an ecosystem, whose introduction has threatened biodiversity, food security, health or economic development. Many ecosystems are affected by invasive species and they pose one of the biggest threats to biodiversity worldwide. Globalization through increased trade, transport, travel and tour- ism will inevitably increase the intentional or accidental introduction of organisms to new environments, and it is widely predicted that climate change will further increase the threat posed by invasive species. To help control and mitigate the effects of invasive species, scien- tists need access to information that not only provides an overview of and background to the field, but also keeps them up to date with the latest research findings. This series addresses all topics relating to invasive species, including biosecurity surveil- lance, mapping and modelling, economics of invasive species and species interactions in plant invasions. Aimed at researchers, upper-level students and policy makers, titles in the series provide international coverage of topics related to invasive species, including both a synthesis of facts and discussions of future research perspectives and possible solutions. Titles Available 1.Invasive Alien Plants : An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent Edited by J.R. Bhatt, J.S. Singh, R.S. Tripathi, S.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae
    SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 0 NCTMBER 52 Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae Harold Robinson, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, andJames F. Weedin SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1981 ABSTRACT Robinson, Harold, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, and James F. Weedin. Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae. Smithsonian Contri- butions to Botany, number 52, 28 pages, 3 tables, 1981.-Chromosome reports are provided for 145 populations, including first reports for 33 species and three genera, Garcilassa, Riencourtia, and Helianthopsis. Chromosome numbers are arranged according to Robinson’s recently broadened concept of the Heliantheae, with citations for 212 of the ca. 265 genera and 32 of the 35 subtribes. Diverse elements, including the Ambrosieae, typical Heliantheae, most Helenieae, the Tegeteae, and genera such as Arnica from the Senecioneae, are seen to share a specialized cytological history involving polyploid ancestry. The authors disagree with one another regarding the point at which such polyploidy occurred and on whether subtribes lacking higher numbers, such as the Galinsoginae, share the polyploid ancestry. Numerous examples of aneuploid decrease, secondary polyploidy, and some secondary aneuploid decreases are cited. The Marshalliinae are considered remote from other subtribes and close to the Inuleae. Evidence from related tribes favors an ultimate base of X = 10 for the Heliantheae and at least the subfamily As teroideae. OFFICIALPUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIESCOVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllumjaponicum Siebold and Zuccarini. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Chromosome numbers in Compositae, XII.
    [Show full text]
  • Extended Phylogeny of Aquilegia: the Biogeographical and Ecological Patterns of Two Simultaneous but Contrasting Radiations
    Plant Syst Evol (2010) 284:171–185 DOI 10.1007/s00606-009-0243-z ORIGINAL ARTICLE Extended phylogeny of Aquilegia: the biogeographical and ecological patterns of two simultaneous but contrasting radiations Jesu´s M. Bastida • Julio M. Alca´ntara • Pedro J. Rey • Pablo Vargas • Carlos M. Herrera Received: 29 April 2009 / Accepted: 25 October 2009 / Published online: 4 December 2009 Ó Springer-Verlag 2009 Abstract Studies of the North American columbines respective lineages. The genus originated between 6.18 (Aquilegia, Ranunculaceae) have supported the view that and 6.57 million years (Myr) ago, with the main pulses of adaptive radiations in animal-pollinated plants proceed diversification starting around 3 Myr ago both in Europe through pollinator specialisation and floral differentiation. (1.25–3.96 Myr ago) and North America (1.42–5.01 Myr However, although the diversity of pollinators and floral ago). The type of habitat occupied shifted more often in morphology is much lower in Europe and Asia than in the Euroasiatic lineage, while pollination vectors shifted North America, the number of columbine species is more often in the Asiatic-North American lineage. similar in the three continents. This supports the Moreover, while allopatric speciation predominated in the hypothesis that habitat and pollinator specialisation have European lineage, sympatric speciation acted in the North contributed differently to the radiation of columbines in American one. In conclusion, the radiation of columbines different continents. To establish the basic background to in Europe and North America involved similar rates of test this hypothesis, we expanded the molecular phylog- diversification and took place simultaneously and inde- eny of the genus to include a representative set of species pendently.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Accounts
    Species accounts The list of species that follows is a synthesis of all the botanical knowledge currently available on the Nyika Plateau flora. It does not claim to be the final word in taxonomic opinion for every plant group, but will provide a sound basis for future work by botanists, phytogeographers, and reserve managers. It should also serve as a comprehensive plant guide for interested visitors to the two Nyika National Parks. By far the largest body of information was obtained from the following nine publications: • Flora zambesiaca (current ed. G. Pope, 1960 to present) • Flora of Tropical East Africa (current ed. H. Beentje, 1952 to present) • Plants collected by the Vernay Nyasaland Expedition of 1946 (Brenan & collaborators 1953, 1954) • Wye College 1972 Malawi Project Final Report (Brummitt 1973) • Resource inventory and management plan for the Nyika National Park (Mill 1979) • The forest vegetation of the Nyika Plateau: ecological and phenological studies (Dowsett-Lemaire 1985) • Biosearch Nyika Expedition 1997 report (Patel 1999) • Biosearch Nyika Expedition 2001 report (Patel & Overton 2002) • Evergreen forest flora of Malawi (White, Dowsett-Lemaire & Chapman 2001) We also consulted numerous papers dealing with specific families or genera and, finally, included the collections made during the SABONET Nyika Expedition. In addition, botanists from K and PRE provided valuable input in particular plant groups. Much of the descriptive material is taken directly from one or more of the works listed above, including information regarding habitat and distribution. A single illustration accompanies each genus; two illustrations are sometimes included in large genera with a wide morphological variance (for example, Lobelia).
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Open Chem., 2019; 17: 1412–1422 Research Article Katarzyna Szewczyk*, Danuta Kalemba, Małgorzata Miazga-Karska, Barbara Krzemińska, Agnieszka Dąbrowska, Renata Nowak The essential oil composition of selected Hemerocallis cultivars and their biological activity https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2019-0160 received November 15, 2019; accepted December 18, 2019. 1 Introduction Abstract: The horticultural cultivars of Hemerocallis The essential oil-producing species are extensively (daylily) have been used to treat diseases such as arranged among the plant kingdom. The volatile insomnia, inflammation and depression, and also as compounds are not only important in plant physiology a vegetable in eastern Asia. Taking into consideration but also in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries. the fact, that the volatile compounds in Hemerocallis Numerous studies showed that essential oils possess cultivars have not been investigated to date, we decided therapeutic properties and can prevent and cure many to study the composition of the essential oils (EOs) from diseases [1]. the aerial parts of ten varieties collecting in Poland. EOs, The genus Hemerocallis, belonging to Asphodelaceae obtained by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by GC/MS family (Hemerocallidoideae subfamily), is mainly of East method that resulted in identification of 23-36 volatile Asia origin and contains hardy plants surviving from North compounds comprising 89.5%–96.3% of the total amount. American Zones [2]. According to the American Daylily The essential oils differed in their composition and they Society [3], more than 80 000 Hemerocallis cultivars can be classified into three groups. The antibacterial and exist in the world. They have usually been created by antioxidant activities of EOs were also evaluated.
    [Show full text]