arlisle is located in the destroyed. He also set fi re to the gas works and a lumber yard. CCumberland Valley of south He intended a cavalry attack the next morning, but overnight he Self-guided Tour central Pennsylvania, close received orders from Gen. R.E. Lee recalling his force to the main enough to the Mason-Dixon Confederate army in Gettysburg. Carlisle was spared any further Line that rumors of Confederate damage. invasion surfaced often during the Civil War. In the summer of 1863 Union Offi cers and their wives those rumors became fact. In an at Carlisle Barracks prior to the attempt to deal a major, perhaps Confederate invasion. fatal blow to the Union cause, General Robert E. Lee ordered his Army of Northern Virginia northward through the Shenandoah Valley and into Pennsylvania. The spearhead of that army reached Carlisle on Saturday, June 27, 1863. Its commanding offi cer, Lt. Gen. Richard Ewell, had been posted at the U.S. Army cavalry school in Carlisle after graduating from West Point in 1841 and knew many local citizens. His force included a vangaurd of about The Civil War 1,200 cavalrymen under Brig. Gen. Albert Jenkins, followed by over 8,000 infantrymen in the division of Maj. Gen. Visits Carlisle Robert Rodes. West of town, Gen. Edward Johnson had 6,000 Prelude to Gettysburg troops camped at Cumberland Valley Visitors Center Alexander Springs Rebels shelling Carlisle’s Square as sketched by Thomas Nast for Harper’s Weekly. near Rte 11 in Carlisle. For more self-guided tours go to A self-guided tour of 1863 The Confederate Troops occupied and controlled the town for visitcumberlandvalley.com, or visit the three days. They confi scated needed supplies and damaged the Cumberland Valley Railroad but otherwise left the town relatively unharmed. Mechanisburg was captured on June 28. From June 28-30, they fought skirmishes at Oyster’s Point in Camp Hill and inside History on High - The Shop Sporting Hill in Hampden Township, coming within three miles of Harrisburg. The Confederate forces then were recalled to 33 W. High St, Carlisle, PA 17013 Gettysburg where 37% of the Army of Northern Virginia would (888) 513.5130 be killed, wounded or declared missing in action. On Wednesday, July 1, Union militia commanded by Maj. Gen. William “Baldy” Produced by: Smith reoccupied Carlisle. Shortly after their arrival, however, Cumberland Valley Visitors Bureau another Confederate force, hardened cavalry under the command of Cumberland County Historical Society is located at 21 N. Pitt Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart St. in Carlisle. In addition to its library, photo collection, and and Brig. Gen. Fitzhugh education facilities, the society houses an award-winning museum A sketch by George Law showing Union Lee, approached the that is free and open to the public. Those interested in learning troops camped among the burned ruins town from the southeast. more about the 1863 invasion of Carlisle can take a walking of Carlisle Barracks. They demanded the tour led by trained guides for a small fee. To fi nd out more, go to surrender of Carlisle under threat of artillery bombardment. Gen. historicalsociety.com or call (717) 249.7610. Smith refused, replying, “Shell away and be damned!” Stuart Information written and edited by Cumberland County Historical obliged, and downtown Carlisle came under several attacks. Society (CCHS) volunteers with assistance from CCHS staff and the There were some casualties among the Union militiamen and minor damage to property. Stuart also ordered the burning of Cumberland County Civil War 150 Steering Committee. All photos VISITCUMBERLANDVALLEY.COM are courtesy of CCHS. the U.S. Army Barracks, and most of the buildings there were CW5008-092015 1 4 6 Dickinson College Dickinson Civil War Memorial Originally Carlisle Market House A farmers’ College had graduated 13 students known as the “Soldiers’ Monument”, market stood on this site from just two days before the 1400 men, Cumberland County’s Civil War 1751 until 1952. Gen. Ewell had horses and tents of Confederate Memorial was dedicated in 1871. It demanded food and supplies for his Infantry occupied the campus, then is composed of Gettysburg Granite troops, notably, 25,000 lbs. of bacon, and white marble and stands 30 feet 3,000 lbs. of sugar, and 5,000 lbs. the western edge of town. Dickinson Open farmers’ Site of Confederate students had been evenly divided in tall. It is inscribed with the names of coffee, along with shoes and encampment on market, circa 1863 their loyalties in the Civil War and of 342 county men, 17 offi cers and (no longer standing) medicine. Citizens brought what they Dickinson College had enlisted since the start of the war 325 enlisted, who perished during the could to the Market House, and Ewell campus; Note: CVRR in 1861 expecting to encounter one confl ict. A 1993 rededication added ordered houses and stores searched tracks in the street another on the battlefi eld. The college Soldiers’ Monument brass plates to make the names easier for additional supplies. When Union consisted of two buildings, Old West at the Old Courthouse to read. The monument’s creators troops entered the town on the heels and East College, which served as Plaza failed to include the names of African- of the departing Confederates, temporary hospitals the following American Civil War servicemen townspeople greeted them at the week when Union wounded were who died during the confl ict, but the market with refreshments. brought north from Gettysburg. County Historical Society has begun 7 an attempt to identify and recognize East Carlisle Carlisle’s eastern edge 2 those who were omitted at that time. saw much Confederate activity during Cumberland Valley Railroad the invasion. During the occupation of In April 1861, Carlisle volunteers town the railroad tracks down High answered President Lincoln’s call 5 Cumberland County Courthouse Street were badly damaged, but an to arms and boarded trains at the attempt to destroy the trestle over the The Courthouse at the southwest corner Cumberland Valley Cumberland Valley Railroad Depot at LeTort Spring Run had no long-term the southwest corner of Pitt and High of the Square suffered damage from Railroad Trestle on E. artillery shells fi red by Confederate High Street (no longer effects. When Confederate cavalry streets. The CV railroad operated arrived via the York and Trindle Roads seven days a week during the war, forces under the command of Gen. standing) Fitzhugh Lee. Known locally as “Lee’s during the evening of July 1, they carrying soldiers and supplies through deployed a battery of four artillery Local volunteer the middle of Carlisle to distant calling cards,” these scars bear the soldiers boarded date of the shelling, July 1, 1863. pieces betweenU.S. ARMY the WAR two roads and battlefi elds. As part of its invasion HEBERLIG-PALMER F 34 11 COLLEGE AT THE trains at this CVRR PARK A began shelling the town. Later that I strategy the Confederate Army aimed R CARLISLE BARRACKS G night Gen. Stuart ordered the burning station on their way “Scar” on the N to disrupt Union rail lines, weaken R L LINCOLN ST O of the cavalry barracks, and the to battlefi elds (station Courthouse column N U morale, and force a settlement to the O N town’s gas works and lumberyard was the second brick S D ELM ST I confl ict. R A BIDDLE building from the E erupted in fl ames as well. MEMORIAL V R

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Churches Many local citizens A

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chose to remain behind locked doors L E

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townspeople worshipped at either First N A E W LOCUST AVE D E LOCUST AVE E

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Lutheran or Second Presbyterian*, the B D

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only churches to open their doors that A

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day. When the First Lutheran minister

First Lutheran G G N

asked Gen. Ewell if the congregation ★ Church I

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could prayD ICforKIN StheON APresident,VE Ewell 1 DICKINSON AVE MULBERRY AVE P R COLLEGE S

W First Presbyterian P replied, “Pray for him. I’m sure he N N

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Church, oldest public N HANOVER ST needs it.” On July 1, artillery shells

11 W HIGH ST E building in Carlisle E HIGH ST 41 TRINDLE RD N 6

damaged the roof at St. John’s I

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Episcopal Church and exploded in I R

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the First Presbyterian churchyard. V CHU A RCH AVE A LIBERTY AVE D T

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