Philippe Le Corre
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MEDIA POLARIZATION “À LA FRANÇAISE”? Comparing the French and American Ecosystems
institut montaigne MEDIA POLARIZATION “À LA FRANÇAISE”? Comparing the French and American Ecosystems REPORT MAY 2019 MEDIA POLARIZATION “À LA FRANÇAISE” MEDIA POLARIZATION There is no desire more natural than the desire for knowledge MEDIA POLARIZATION “À LA FRANÇAISE”? Comparing the French and American Ecosystems MAY 2019 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In France, representative democracy is experiencing a growing mistrust that also affects the media. The latter are facing major simultaneous challenges: • a disruption of their business model in the digital age; • a dependence on social networks and search engines to gain visibility; • increased competition due to the convergence of content on digital media (competition between text, video and audio on the Internet); • increased competition due to the emergence of actors exercising their influence independently from the media (politicians, bloggers, comedians, etc.). In the United States, these developments have contributed to the polarization of the public square, characterized by the radicalization of the conservative press, with significant impact on electoral processes. Institut Montaigne investigated whether a similar phenomenon was at work in France. To this end, it led an in-depth study in partnership with the Sciences Po Médialab, the Sciences Po School of Journalism as well as the MIT Center for Civic Media. It also benefited from data collected and analyzed by the Pew Research Center*, in their report “News Media Attitudes in France”. Going beyond “fake news” 1 The changes affecting the media space are often reduced to the study of their most visible symp- toms. For instance, the concept of “fake news”, which has been amply commented on, falls short of encompassing the complexity of the transformations at work. -
Brésil Selon Le Monde Diplomatique Et Le Courrier International
i Uaiversite Lumiere Lyon II : MEMCMHE DE DEA Sciences de Flttformation et de la Communication )n ; Langage et symboliques de la commtiiiicatien et des medias LE BRESIL SELON LE MONDE DIFLOMATIQUE ET LE COURRIER INTERNATIONAI, Les sources d,$'nformati.on et ieur paroie dans la formation de 1'opiiiion Marcio Augusto FLEXA SANTOS Sous la direction de : Jean-Fmngois' Titu DE L ENSSIB \ Septembre 1999 812411 Jmverswc lumiere leole Natieaak Seperieere Urthe.^de Jese. Mmlia ? Des Seieneeti d« rlBferraatitta Lyoa 3 et cies Eibiieteques B-mmb Universite Lumiere Lyon II MEMOIRE DE DEA Sciences de 1'Information et de la Communication Option : Langage et symboliques de la communication et |< ^O/c,l 1,-B ' des medias % • LE BRESIL SELON LE MONDE DIPLOMATIQUE ET LE COURRIER INTERNATIONAL Les sources d'information et leur parole dans la formation de 1'opinion Marcio Augusto FLEXA SANTOS Sous la direction de : Jean-Frangois Tetu Septembre 1999 Universite lumiere Ecole Nationaie Superieure Universite Jean Moulin Lvon 2 Des Sciences de i'Information Lvon 3 et des Bibiioteques O C? Q Enssib 'X £ H z, J Universite Lumiere Lyon II MEMOIRE DE DEA Sciences de 1'Information et de la Communicatlon Option : Langage et symboliques de la communication et des medias LE BRESIL SELON LE MONDE DIPLOMATIQUE ET LE COURRIERINTERNATIONAL Les sources d'information et leur parole dans la formation de 1'opinion Marcio Augusto FLEXA SANTOS Sous la direction de: Jean-Frangois Tetu Septembre 1999 Universite lumiere Ecole Nationale Superieure Universite Jean Moulin Lyon 2 Des Sciences de l'Information Lyon 3 et des Biblioteques Enssib REMERCIEMENTS Ce travail n 'aurait pu voir le jour sans le soutien constant et les encouragements de M. -
Liberation Technology Conference Bios
1 Liberation Technology in Authoritarian Regimes October 11‐12, 2010 Bechtel Conference Center, Encina Hall, Stanford University Conference Attendees’ Bios Esra’a Al Shafei, MideastYouth.com Esra'a Al Shafei is the founder and Executive Director of MideastYouth.com, a grassroots, indigenous digital network that leverages the power of new media to facilitate the struggle against oppression in the Middle East and North Africa. She is a recipient of the Berkman Award from Harvard University's Berkman Center for Internet and Society for "outstanding contributions to the internet and its impact on society," and is currently a TED Fellow and an Echoing Green Fellow. Most recently, her project won a ThinkSocial Award for serving as a "powerful model for how social media can be used to address global problems." Walid Al‐Saqaf, Yemen Portal Walid AL‐SAQAF is a Yemeni activist, software engineer and scholar concerned with studying Internet censorship around the world, but with a special focus on the Middle East. During 1999‐ 2005, he held the position of publisher and editor‐in‐chief of Yemen Times, which was founded by his father in 1990 and since 2009, he has been a PhD candidate at Örebro University in Sweden, where he also teaches online investigative journalism. In 2010, he won a TED fellowship and the Democracy award of Örebro University for his research and activism in promoting access to information and for fighting cyber censorship. Among his notable works is Yemen Portal (https://yemenportal.net), which is a news aggregator focused on content on Yemen and alkasir (https://alkasir.com), a unique censorship circumvention software solution that allows Internet users around the world to access websites blocked by regimes. -
BECOMING PAN-EUROPEAN? Transnational Media and the European Public Sphere
The International Communication Gazette © The Author(s), 2009. Reprints and permissions: http://www.sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav the International Communication Gazette, 1748-0485; Vol. 71(8): 693–712; DOI: 10.1177/1748048509345064 http://gaz.sagepub.com BECOMING PAN-EUROPEAN? Transnational Media and the European Public Sphere Michael Brüggemann and Hagen Schulz-Forberg Abstract / Research about the European public sphere has so far mainly focused on the analysis of national media, neglecting a dimension of transnational communication, namely transnational media. These media could serve as horizontal links between the still nationally segmented public spheres and they could be platforms of a transnational European discourse. Four ideal-types of transnational media can be distinguished: (1) national media with a transnational mission, (2) inter- national media, (3) pan-regional media and (4) global media. Within this framework the article analyses transnational media in Europe, showing that a multitude of transnational media have developed in Europe. They have acquired a small but growing and influential audience. Whether transnational media fulfil the normative demands related to the concept of a transnational public sphere remains an open question as some of these media heavily depend on government subsidies and there is a clear lack of research on the European discourses represented in these media. Keywords / EU / European media / European integration / international communication / public sphere / transnational communication / transnational media Introduction: Transnational Media and the European Public Sphere Current research on the European public sphere focuses mainly on the European- ization of national public spheres as opposed to transnational spaces of communi- cation. This approach developed out of research proposals and projects beginning in the 1990s and early 2000s that operationalized a nation-based media analysis in order to understand the public sphere’s development in the EU. -
The Six Day War and the French Press, 1967
Three Visions of Conflict: The Six Day War and the French Press, 1967 Robert Isaacson The George Washington University Abstract: Examination of the journalistic coverage of the 1967 Arab-Israeli Six Day War by the French mainstream media reveals the centrality of the war experience as a turning point in French public discourse on Israel. Shared assumptions about Israel's vulnerability were replaced by diverse and often contradictory discourses of religious triumphalism, territorial revisionism, and ideological anti-imperialism. This analysis shows that French President Charles de Gaulle's interpretation of the war was far from dominant, and indicates that French public discourse on Israel was fractured and diverse, responsive to different events, and far from the monolith that polling that would suggest. In November 1967, five months after Israel's dramatic victory in the June 5 to June 10 Six Day War, French President Charles de Gaulle publically ended the "tacit alliance" that had existed between France and Israel since the early 1950s.1 In a nationally broadcast speech, de Gaulle expressed his frustration with Israel by critiquing Jews broadly, calling them "an elite people, sure of themselves and domineering...charged [with] burning and conquering ambition," and blamed the war on Israeli territorial aspirations.2 These statements were a far cry from those de Gaulle had made only a decade prior, when he told then-Herut Party chairman, Menachem Begin, "Don't let go of Gaza. It is a sector essential for your security."3 The November remarks drew fire from critics in France and Israel who saw the words as antisemitic and cementing his "betrayal" of Israel on the eve of the Six Day War by adopting a policy of "active neutrality."4 This policy, itself a gesture meant to boost relations with the Arab world, threatened condemnation on whichever party initiated hostilities, and preemptively moved to cut off arms shipments to Israel. -
CAROLINE Imbertfine
CAROLINE IMBERT Fine Art JEAN PLANTU(Paris 1951) "Pompidou" Signed lower right: Plantu Black felt-tip: 19.5 x 9 cm Artist Biography: All rights reserved 1951: Jean Plantureux, known as Plantu, is born in Paris. 1969: Plantu passes his baccalauréat after studying at the Lycée Henri IV in Paris 1971: He abandons his medical training and leaves for Brussels where he attends drawing classes at The Academy of St. Luke founded by Hergé. 1972: He returns to Paris and shows his drawings to several newspaper editors before starting at Le Monde. On 1st October Bernard Lauzanne, editor of Le Monde, publishes a drawing by Plantu (relating to the Vietman War) for the first time. 1974: Claude Julien, director of Le Monde Diplomatique commissions Plantu to produce a monthly drawing on the theme of the Third World. 1980: Plantu begins to work with the newspaper Phosphore - he continues to provide them with illustrations until 1986. 1982: André Laurens, director of Le Monde, and Claude Lamotte, editor, ask Plantu to make a drawing for the front page every Saturday. He takes part in the programme Droit de Réponse on TFI (French television). 1985: The director of publication, André Fontaine, established the practise of showing a Plantu drawing every day on the front page of the newspaper in order "to rivive the French tradition to political drawing" 1988: Winner of the Mumm Champagne Award 1989: Winner of the prize for black humour 1991: He joins the weekly magazine L'Express. At an exhibition of his work in Tunis in November of the same year Plantu meets Yasser Arafat and invites him to comment on his drawings. -
Les Usages Militants De La Lecture Et De L'écriture. L'exemple Du Monde Diplomatique
Colloque "Les mobilisations altermondialistes" 3-5 décembre 2003 Maxime Szczepanski-Huillery Doctorant en science politique Curapp/Cnrs (umr 6054) Université de Picardie 77, avenue de la République 92 120 Montrouge [email protected] Les usages militants de la lecture et de l’écriture. L’exemple du Monde diplomatique. Résumé Journal mensuel né en 1954, le Monde diplomatique a joué un rôle important dans la genèse de la contestation anti/altermondialiste en France. S’appuyant sur une enquête de terrain menée auprès de l’association des lecteurs du mensuel, cette contribution vise, par le biais de l’étude de l’évolution de la ligne éditoriale et des usages du Monde diplomatique par certains lecteurs, à cerner les facteurs expliquant la position actuelle de ce journal au sein de cette nébuleuse contestataire. Il semble que les ressorts de cette position spécifique plongent leurs racines à la fois dans les trajectoires des journalistes, qui cumulent des ressources propres à différents espaces (journalistiques, militants, universitaires), et dans le statut du mensuel qui incarne, aux yeux de certains lecteurs, une lecture de salut. A partir d’une étude réalisée auprès d’une petite partie du lectorat du mensuel le Monde diplomatique, cette contribution voudrait apporter quelques éléments de réflexion sur les modalités d’action et d’engagement d’un journal, et plus exactement de ses journalistes et de ses lecteurs, au sein de la nébuleuse anti/altermondialiste1 en France. L’intérêt d’une approche centrée sur ce journal est multiple. Elle permet d’abord de se pencher sur l’implication concrète, connue mais rarement détaillée, de l’équipe et d’une partie du lectorat du Monde diplomatique dans l’apparition et l’essor d’un certain nombre de mouvements qui se qualifient désormais d’« altermondialistes » – au premier rang desquels A.T.T.A.C2. -
La Reconnaissance Des Mouvements De Libération Nationale Comme Élément De Mise En Oeuvre Du Droit Des Peuples De Choisir Leur
DÉPARTEMENT DES SCIENCES JURIDIQUES FACULTÉ DE SCIENCE POLITIQUE ET DE DROIT UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL LA RECONNAISSANCE DES MOUVEMENTS DE LIBÉRATION NATIONALE COMME ÉLÉMENT DE MISE EN ŒUVRE DU DROIT DES PEUPLES DE CHOISIR LEUR PROPRE RÉGIME POLITIQUE MÉMOIRE PRES ENTÉ COMME EXIGENCE PARTIELLE DE LA MAÎTRISE EN DROIT INTERNATIONAL (LL.M) PAR CAROLINE WALTER DÉCEMBRE 2008 Uf\IIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL Service des bibliothèques Avertissement La diffusion de ce mémoire se fait dans le respect des droits de son auteur, qui a signé le formulaire Autorisation de reproduire et de diffuser un travail de recherche de cycles supérieurs (SDU-522 - Rév.ü1-2üü6). Cette autorisation stipule que «conformément à l'article 11 du Règlement no 8 des études de cycles supérieurs, [l'auteur] concède à l'Université du Québec à Montréal une licence non exclusive d'utilisation et de publication de la totalité ou d'une partie importante de [son] travail de recherche pour des fins pédagogiques et non commerciales. Plus précisément, [l'auteur] autorise l'Université du Québec à Montréal à reproduire, diffuser, prêter, distribuer ou vendre des copies de [son] travail de recherche à des fins non commerciales sur quelque support que ce soit, y compris l'Internet. Cette licence et cette autorisation n'entraînent pas une renonciation de [la] part [de l'auteur] à [ses] droits moraux ni à [ses] droits de propriété intellectuelle. Sauf entente contraire, [l'auteur] conserve la liberté de diffuser et de commercialiser ou non ce travail dont [il] possède un exemplaire.» 11 iii REMERCIEMENTS Je ne pouvais pas débuter ce cahier sans accorder une place de premier plan à toutes les personnes qui m'ont accompagnée et soutenue tout au long de ce chemin de rédaction, lequel s'est avéré plus sinueux qu'anticipé et qui fInalement recélait de multiples destinations ! Mes premières pensées vont évidemment à mon directeur de mémoire, Monsieur Georges Lebel, professeur de droit à l'Université du Québec À Montréal. -
The 'Franco-German Duo' and Europe As Seen in Cartoons
The ‘Franco-German duo’ and Europe as seen in cartoons (1945–2013). Index of cartoonists Source: CVCE. Copyright: (c) Translation CVCE.EU by UNI.LU All rights of reproduction, of public communication, of adaptation, of distribution or of dissemination via Internet, internal network or any other means are strictly reserved in all countries. Consult the legal notice and the terms and conditions of use regarding this site. URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/the_franco_german_duo_and_europe_as_seen_in_cartoons _1945_2013_index_of_cartoonists-en-17603916-94cf-438a-bb4a-a3aca36b335a.html Last updated: 04/07/2016 1/13 The ‘Franco-German duo’ and Europe as seen in cartoons (1945–2013) Index of cartoonists Mark Aleksandrovich Abramov ∗ 1913 in Kharkov † 1994 in Moscow Mark Abramov published his cartoons in several newspapers and magazines including Pravda, Krokodil, Ogonek and Znamia. Paul Baringou (BAROU) ∗ 1930 Press illustrator Paul Baringou has contributed to several newspapers including Ouest-France, Témoignage Chrétiens, La Tribune Socialiste, Le Canard enchaîné and Le Monde. Pierre Georges Marie de Barrigue de Montvallon (PIEM) ∗ 12 November 1923 in Saint-Étienne Cartoonist PIEM has worked since 1944 for a range of newspapers and magazines including Témoignage chrétien, Le Figaro, Paris Match and La Croix. Gabor Benedek ∗ 12 October 1938 in Budapest Architect and political cartoonist Gabor Benedek has been publishing his illustrations since 1967 in various newspapers including Süddeutsche Zeitung, Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, Die Zeit and Der Spiegel. Peter Bensch ∗ 1938 in Berlin Cartoonist and press illustrator Peter Bensch lives in Vienna and works for various newspapers including Aachener Volkszeitung, Rhein-Zeitung and Kieler Nachrichten. Henry Meyer-Brockmann ∗ 24 December 1912 in Berenbostel † 23 December 1968 in Munich Illustrator and cartoonist Henry Meyer-Brockmann published his cartoons in several newspapers and magazines including Der Ruf, Süddeutsche Zeitung, Simplicissimus and Abendzeitung. -
Fiches Thématiques Europresse
REGARDS ANGLOPHONES SUIVEZ CETTE ACTUALITÉ AVEC : • The Independent (Grande Bretagne) RESTEZ INFORMÉ • The Financial Times (Grande AVEC EUROPRESSE ! Bretagne) • The Trade (Royaume-Uni) • The Daily Star (Liban) • Daily Tribune (Bahreïn - site web réf.) Consultez toutes les • Gulf News (Emirats Arabes Unis – site sources pour les web) bibliothèques • The Observer (Australie) publiques et de • The Chronicle ( Australie) l’enseignement sur • Xinhua – News Agency (China) www.europresse.com. • The Korea Times (Corée du Sud) • The New-York Times (Etats-Unis) • Indian Currents (Inde) • Japon Economic Foundation (Japon) … Et bien d’autres titres ! L’ACTUALITÉ ÉCONOMIQUE ET POLITIQUE FRANÇAISE SUIVEZ CETTE ACTUALITÉ AVEC : • Le Monde RESTEZ INFORMÉ • Le Figaro AVEC EUROPRESSE ! • Libération • Les Echos • L’Obs • La Tribune Consultez toutes les • La Croix sources pour les • L’Humanité bibliothèques • L’Express publiques et de • Le Point l’enseignement sur • Challenges www.europresse.com. • Le Parisien Economie • Bulletin Quotidien • Les Dossiers de l’actualité • Valeurs actuelles … Et bien d’autres titres ! REGARDS FRANCOPHONES SUIVEZ CETTE ACTUALITÉ AVEC : RESTEZ INFORMÉ • Le Temps (Suisse) AVEC EUROPRESSE ! • La Tribune de Genève (Suisse) • Le Soir (Belgique) • La Libre Belgique (Belgique) • L’Orient – Le Jour (Liban) Consultez toutes les • El Watan (Algérie) sources pour les • La Tribune Afrique (Maroc) bibliothèques • Le Matin (Maroc – site web réf) publiques et de • Le Temps Tunis (Tunisie) l’enseignement sur • Le Devoir (Canada) www.europresse.com. • L'Actualité (Canada) …. Et bien d’autres titres ! PRESSE GRAND PUBLIC SUIVEZ CETTE ACTUALITÉ AVEC : • L’Équipe RESTEZ INFORMÉ • Télérama AVEC EUROPRESSE ! • Science et Avenir • TéléObs • Auto Moto Consultez toutes les • Marie France sources pour les • Maison Côté Ouest bibliothèques • Historia publiques et de • Le Nouveau Magazine Littéraire l’enseignement sur • Maison et Travaux www.europresse.com. -
On the Attack
A Movement of Movements?—12 bernard cassen ON THE ATTACK What are the origins of the movement that has developed so strongly in France against neoliberal globalization? hey crystallized with the formation of ATTAC, which was an initiative of Le Monde diplomatique. In December 1997 TIgnacio Ramonet, who edits the monthly, published an edito- rial entitled ‘Disarming the Markets’, in which he discussed the tyranny of financial markets, and ended with an appeal for the creation of a popular association to which he gave the name ATTAC— Association pour la Taxe Tobin pour l’Aide aux Citoyens. I had discussed this with him, having shortly before given a long lecture to the Parti Québécois about Tobin’s proposal for a tax on financial transactions. He wrote the article over a weekend and brought it in on Monday, and cir- culated it to all of us, as we always do at Le Monde diplo. When I saw the acronym ATTAC, I thought ‘oh, that’s great’. The rest of the edito- rial office was a bit cool, but I thought it a brain wave. When I asked Ignacio later why he had come up with ATTAC, he told me he had been thinking of one of Robert Aldrich’s movies, called Attack. So he con- ceived the acronym before he knew what it would stand for—which is the best way round. The appeal was launched like a bottle into the sea, without any idea of what the reaction might be. But no sooner had the article appeared than we were deluged with phone calls and letters. -
The Multiple Meanings of the Critical News Images Depicted in the Corpus of Le Monde Diplomatique
The multiple meanings of the critical news images depicted in the corpus of Le Monde Diplomatique Kostas Theologou & Anastasia Veneti Abstract The visual is a key constituent in the cultural construction of political-economic- cultural-social life in contemporary Western societies. People seek to understand the political reality and culture through various visual representations. This paper, thus, examines the complex and multilevel relation of visual material, such as art, photography, computer graphics and maps, with news critical articles. Our case study is the monthly socio-politically oriented medium Le Monde Diplomatique. The paper draws from the rich theoretical approaches of Visual Culture. Visual culture is concerned with visual events in which information, meaning, or pleasure is sought by the consumer in an interface with visual technology (Mirzoeff, 2008: 3). We are at a historical moment in the West when the visible and the readable are interacting in new ways. In these new varieties of media, picture may be even more important than word. Mitchell (1994) calls this a "pictorial turn", that is, the depicted image understood, in short, as an imagetext. Keywords news, art, Le Monde Diplomatique, visual culture, meaning. Bio note Kostas Theologou is a Lecturer at the National Technical University of Athens and at the Hellenic Open University Anastasia Veneti is a Lecturer at the Media School at Bournemouth University Bibliographic Reference Theologou, K., Veneti, A. (2013) ‘The multiple meanings of the critical news images depicted in the corpus of Le Monde Diplomatique’, Comunicação & Cultura, 15: 57- 72. 1 Introduction In this paper, we examine the way photography, computer graphics, and maps are being used in order to frame news, critical articles, international affairs etc in a monthly socio-politically oriented medium such as Le Monde Diplomatique (LMD), which should not be confused with the French daily newspaper Le Monde.