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TML Propagation Protocols
PROPAGATION PROTOCOLS This document is intended as a guide for Tamborine Mountain Landcare members who wish to assist our regeneration projects by growing some of the plants needed. It is a work in progress so if you have anything to add to the protocols – for example a different but successful way of propagating and growing a particular plant – then please give it to Julie Lake so she can add it to the document. The idea is that our shared knowledge and experience can become a valuable part of TML's intellectual property as well as a useful source of knowledge for members. As there are many hundreds of plants native to Tamborine Mountain, the protocols list will take a long time to complete, with growing information for each plant added alphabetically as time permits. While the list is being compiled by those members with competence in this field, any TML member with a query about propagating a particular plant can post it on the website for other me mb e r s to answer. To date, only protocols for trees and shrubs have been compiled. Vines and ferns will be added later. Fruiting times given are usual for the species but many rainforest plants flower and fruit opportunistically, according to weather and other conditions unknown to us, thus fruit can be produced at any time of year. Finally, if anyone would like a copy of the protocols, contact Julie on [email protected] and she’ll send you one. ………………….. Growing from seed This is the best method for most plants destined for regeneration projects for it is usually fast, easy and ensures genetic diversity in the regenerated landscape. -
A Review of Pharmacognostic, Physicochemical, Phytochemical ISSN 2320-4818 and Pharmacological Studies on Ficus Bengalensis L
Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 2017; 6(4): 151-163 Available online at: www.jsirjournal.com Review Article A review of pharmacognostic, physicochemical, phytochemical ISSN 2320-4818 and pharmacological studies on Ficus bengalensis L. JSIR 2017; 6(4): 151-163 © 2017, All rights reserved Hafiz Abdul Khaliq* Received: 17-07-2017 Accepted: 21-12-2017 Abstract Since the birth of humans on this planet, plants have been utilized for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Hafiz Abdul Khaliq various ailments. Ficus bengalensis L., belonging to family Moraceae, commonly known as Banyan tree, is Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, one the most utilized plants. It is a very large tree with spreading branches bearing multiple aerial roots Pakistan hanging downward. In traditional systems of medicines, various plant parts such as stem bark, aerial roots, vegetative buds, leaves, fruits and latex are used in diabetes, dysentery, seminal weakness, menorrhagia, leucorrhoea, erysipelas, nervous disorders, burning sensation, hemorrhages and applied topically on pimples, abscesses, wounds, ulcers, sores, cracked soles of the feet and rheumatic inflammations. Pharmacognostic studies have been done to set its quality control parameters and various phytochemicals viz. phytosterols, anthocyanidin derivatives, fatty acids, amino acids, polysaccharides, flavonoids, flavonols, leucoanthocyanidins and triterpenoids have been identified and isolated. This plant is reported to possess many useful pharmacological activities also viz. antihyperglycemic, antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, larvicidal, anti-diarrhoeal, antimutagenic, antioxidant, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, anti-arthritic, antiallergic and immunostimulatory. The present review is an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature on its ethnomedical uses, pharmacognosy, physicochemical parameters, phytochemistry, pharmacological studies and other commercial uses. -
Street Tree Master Plan Report © Sunshine Coast Regional Council 2009-Current
Sunshine Coast Street Tree Master Plan 2018 Part A: Street Tree Master Plan Report © Sunshine Coast Regional Council 2009-current. Sunshine Coast Council™ is a registered trademark of Sunshine Coast Regional Council. www.sunshinecoast.qld.gov.au [email protected] T 07 5475 7272 F 07 5475 7277 Locked Bag 72 Sunshine Coast Mail Centre Qld 4560 Acknowledgements Council wishes to thank all contributors and stakeholders involved in the development of this document. Disclaimer Information contained in this document is based on available information at the time of writing. All figures and diagrams are indicative only and should be referred to as such. While the Sunshine Coast Regional Council has exercised reasonable care in preparing this document it does not warrant or represent that it is accurate or complete. Council or its officers accept no responsibility for any loss occasioned to any person acting or refraining from acting in reliance upon any material contained in this document. Foreword Here on our healthy, smart, creative Sunshine Coast we are blessed with a wonderful environment. It is central to our way of life and a major reason why our 320,000 residents choose to live here – and why we are joined by millions of visitors each year. Although our region is experiencing significant population growth, we are dedicated to not only keeping but enhancing the outstanding characteristics that make this such a special place in the world. Our trees are the lungs of the Sunshine Coast and I am delighted that council has endorsed this master plan to increase the number of street trees across our region to balance our built environment. -
Conserving Rajaji and Corbett National Parks – the Elephant As a Flagship Species
ORYX VOL 28 NO 2 APRIL 1994 Conserving Rajaji and Corbett National Parks - the elephant as a flagship species A. J. T. Johnsingh and Justus Joshua One of India's five major populations of elephants lives in north-west India, where 90 per cent of the total 750 elephants occur in Rajaji and Corbett National Parks and adjacent reserve forests. This 3000-sq-km habitat is also home to many other endangered species. While the 520-sq-km core area of Corbett National Park is free from human impact, the rest of the range is subject to increasing pressures, both from the pastoral Gujjar community within the forests and villagers outside. The elephant habitat has been fragmented by hydrological development work and human-elephant conflict is increasing. The authors recommend measures that need to be implemented to ensure that the elephants and other wildlife of the area are conserved. Introduction which would be managed under a special scheme (Johnsingh and Panwar, 1992), would Over the last two decades many habitat con- be a step towards action on this. servation programmes have adopted particu- The Asian elephant Elephas maximus con- lar species to serve as 'flagship species'. By fo- forms to the role of a flagship species ex- cusing on one species and its conservation tremely well. To maintain viable populations, needs, large areas of habitat can be managed, many large areas will be needed in its range, not only for the species in question but for a each containing more than 500 breeding whole range of less charismatic taxa. In India, adults (Santiapillai and Jackson, 1990), as well the tiger Panthera tigris was used as a flagship as plentiful clean water, abundant forage and species when 'Project Tiger' was started in protection from poaching. -
Ficus Benghalensis
Ficus benghalensis (Indian banyan, Banyan tree) Very large, fast growing, evergreen tree up to 30 meters, with spreading branches and many aerial roots.The fig "fruit" is actually a rounded fruit with hundreds of small fleshy flowers inside. The figs are pollinated by a tiny specialized wasp . Due to its large shape it makes a perfect shade tree and a fun place for children to play inside the arial roots. Landscape Information French Name: Figuier des Banyans, Banian ou Banyan Plant Type: Tree Origin: India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan Heat Zones: 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 Hardiness Zones: 10, 11, 12, 13 Uses: Specimen, Shade Size/Shape Growth Rate: Fast Tree Shape: Round, Spreading Canopy Symmetry: Irregular Canopy Density: Dense Canopy Texture: Coarse Height at Maturity: Over 23 Spread at Maturity: Over 15 meters Time to Ultimate Height: 10 to 20 Years Notes The foliage and milky sap of all figs can sometimes be an irritant to skin and eyes for especially sensitive people, but most people are not effected Plant Image Ficus benghalensis (Indian banyan, Banyan tree) Botanical Description Foliage Leaf Arrangement: Alternate Leaf Venation: Pinnate Leaf Persistance: Evergreen Leaf Type: Simple Leaf Blade: 5 - 10 cm Leaf Shape: Oval Leaf Margins: Entire Leaf Textures: Leathery, Glossy, Coarse Leaf Scent: No Fragance Color(growing season): Green Color(changing season): Green Flower Flower Showiness: False Trunk Trunk Susceptibility to Breakage: Generally resists breakage Number of Trunks: Single Trunk Trunk Esthetic Values: Showy Fruit Fruit -
Research Article
z Available online at http://www.journalcra.com INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH International Journal of Current Research Vol. 9, Issue, 10, pp.59706-59709, October, 2017 ISSN: 0975-833X RESEARCH ARTICLE STUDY OF SOME SACRED PLANTS OF AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA *Aher S. K. Department of Botany, New Arts, Commerce and Science College, Parner, Dist. Ahmednagar - 414 302 (MS), India ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Biodiversity is an important gift of nature that provides all basic requirements for human existence. Received 29th July, 2017 Since time immemorial plants have played an important role in human civilization. It has been Received in revised form observed that large number of plants being used for the worshipping of gods and goddesses as well as 17th August, 2017 th for socio-religious functions which serve as a useful tool for conservation of plants. A present article Accepted 26 September, 2017 attempts to highlight the importance of some sacred plants which are traditionally used in Published online 31st October, 2017 Ahmednagar District of India. A total of about 57 species under 54 genera and 33 families were recorded during the study. People of the study area are highly religious. These beliefs are not only Key words: showing the human relation with plant diversity, but also help in the conservation of species. Plants, Worship, Tradition, Ahmednagar District. Copyright©2017, Aher. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Citation: Aher S. K. 2017. -
Yandina Street Tree Strategy
Yandina Street tree strategy Description of area and land use Canopy cover Street tree planting strategies The local plan area of Yandina occurs in the north of the Sunshine Coast Canopy cover over all lands is below-average for the region (31%) with Street trees enhance the historical look and feel of the township and Council region and totals 396 hectares in land area. The plan area contains the Foliage and Shade Cover plan for Yandina showing that open rural reinforce existing planting themes. the Yandina township, rural residential streets, farmlands, and industrial lands account for numerous areas of low or no tree cover. Vegetation cover and commercial precincts. Originally known as 'Native Dog Flat' the oldest reported for road reserve areas is also below average (27%). Analysis of Street tree planting focuses on shading pedestrian networks, building surveyed town in the Maroochy Shire was named Yandina in 1871. street tree occupancy within the town suggests that canopy cover can be canopy and establishing feature trees in key locations; and improving the readily increased through a solid program of proactive street tree planting. Yandina's landscape character beautifully blends the cultural heritage general amenity of town approaches. values of the small country town with the natural character of the area. Major opportunities and constraints The town's strong character tree palette bleeds out into surrounding Yellow flame trees frame the distinct facade of the village shop fronts while streets and links the sports precinct and other community facilities back clumps of eucalypts grow in areas immediately surrounding the township Numerous opportunities to build on the existing street tree canopy of to the town centre with feature and shade tree plantings. -
Ficus Plants for Hawai'i Landscapes
Ornamentals and Flowers May 2007 OF-34 Ficus Plants for Hawai‘i Landscapes Melvin Wong Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences icus, the fig genus, is part of the family Moraceae. Many ornamental Ficus species exist, and probably FJackfruit, breadfruit, cecropia, and mulberry also the most colorful one is Ficus elastica ‘Schrijveriana’ belong to this family. The objective of this publication (Fig. 8). Other Ficus elastica cultivars are ‘Abidjan’ (Fig. is to list the common fig plants used in landscaping and 9), ‘Decora’ (Fig. 10), ‘Asahi’ (Fig. 11), and ‘Gold’ (Fig. identify some of the species found in botanical gardens 12). Other banyan trees are Ficus lacor (pakur tree), in Hawai‘i. which can be seen at Foster Garden, O‘ahu, Ficus When we think of ficus (banyan) trees, we often think benjamina ‘Comosa’ (comosa benjamina, Fig. 13), of large trees with aerial roots. This is certainly accurate which can be seen on the UH Mänoa campus, Ficus for Ficus benghalensis (Indian banyan), Ficus micro neriifolia ‘Nemoralis’ (Fig. 14), which can be seen at carpa (Chinese banyan), and many others. Ficus the UH Lyon Arboretum, and Ficus rubiginosa (rusty benghalensis (Indian banyan, Fig. 1) are the large ban fig, Fig. 15). yans located in the center of Thomas Square in Hono In tropical rain forests, many birds and other animals lulu; the species is also featured in Disneyland (although feed on the fruits of different Ficus species. In Hawaii the tree there is artificial). Ficus microcarpa (Chinese this can be a negative feature, because large numbers of banyan, Fig. -
Flying Foxes Jerry Copy
Species Common Name Habit Flowering Fruit Notes Acacia macradenia Zigzag wattle Shrub August Possible pollen source Albizia lebbek Lebbek Tall tree summer Source of nectar. Excellent shade tree for large gardens. Alphitonia excelsa Red ash Tree October to March November to May Food source for Black and Grey- headed flying fox Angophora costata Smooth-barked Tall tree December to Source of nectar apple January Angophora Rough-barked apple Tall tree September to Source of nectar floribunda February Angophora costata Smooth-barked Tall tree November to Source of nectar subsp. leiocarpa apple, Rusty gum February Archontophoenix Alexander palm Tree-like November to January Food source for alexandrae December Spectacled flying fox. Good garden tree Archontophoenix Bangalow palm Tree-like February to June March to July Food source for cunninghamiana Grey-headed flying fox. Good garden tree Species Common Name Habit Flowering Fruit Notes Banksia integrifolia Coastal Shrub or small tree Recurrent, all year Food source for honeysuckle round Black and Grey- headed flying fox. Good garden tree Banksia serrata Old man banksia Shrub or small tree February to May Source of nectar. Good garden tree Buckinghamia Ivory curl tree Small tree December to Possible source of celsissima February nectar. Good garden tree Callistemon citrinus Crimson bottlebrush Shrub or small tree November and Source of nectar. March Good garden tree Callistemon salignus White bottlebrush Shrub or small tree spring Source of nectar. Good garden tree Castanospermum Moreton Bay Tall tree spring Source of nectar australe chestnut, Black bean Corymbia citriodora Lemon-scented gum Tall tree may flower in any Source of nectar season Corymbia Red bloodwood From mallee to tall summer to autumn Source of nectar gummifera tree Corymbia Pink bloodwood Tall tree December to March Source of nectar. -
Pollinated by Pleistodontes Imperialis. (Ficus Carica); Most
The Port Jackson, or Rusty Fig, is yet another handsome Australian native fig, common in eastern Australia, from near the NSW/Victorian border in the south, to the very tip of Cape York in far north Queensland. This fig can grow on its own roots, but often starts life as a lithophyte (growing on rock) or as a hemiparasite (growing on other plants). Port Jackson Fig, as the name suggests, can be seen on many rocky headlands of Sydney Harbour. It commonly occurs on the margins of rainforests, in vine thickets and in riverine vegetation. In appearance, it’s not unlike a smaller version of the Moreton Bay Fig, Ficus macrophylla and, like the Moreton Bay Fig, is not only popular for planting in urban parks and gardens, but in miniature, as a bonsai plant. Most fig species are pollinated by just one species of fig wasp. In this case, the Port Jackson Fig is pollinated by Pleistodontes imperialis. There are perhaps 750 species of Ficus worldwide, including the edible fig (Ficus carica); most occur in tropical and sub-tropical regions, Typical habitat for Ficus with some species rubiginosa – on rocky sandstone headlands of Sydney Harbour. (Ficus carica, the edible fig, for example) occur in temperate parts of the world. Figs (Ficus spp.) belong to the plant family Moraceae, which also includes Mulberries (Morus spp.), Breadfruit and Jackfruit (Artocarpus spp.). Think of a mulberry, and imagine it turned inside out. This might perhaps bear some resemblance to a fig. Ficus rubiginosa growing on a sandstone platform adjoining mangroves. Branches of one can be seen in the foreground, a larger one at the rear. -
Rdna) Organisation
OPEN Heredity (2013) 111, 23–33 & 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 0018-067X/13 www.nature.com/hdy ORIGINAL ARTICLE Dancing together and separate again: gymnosperms exhibit frequent changes of fundamental 5S and 35S rRNA gene (rDNA) organisation S Garcia1 and A Kovarˇı´k2 In higher eukaryotes, the 5S rRNA genes occur in tandem units and are arranged either separately (S-type arrangement) or linked to other repeated genes, in most cases to rDNA locus encoding 18S–5.8S–26S genes (L-type arrangement). Here we used Southern blot hybridisation, PCR and sequencing approaches to analyse genomic organisation of rRNA genes in all large gymnosperm groups, including Coniferales, Ginkgoales, Gnetales and Cycadales. The data are provided for 27 species (21 genera). The 5S units linked to the 35S rDNA units occur in some but not all Gnetales, Coniferales and in Ginkgo (B30% of the species analysed), while the remaining exhibit separate organisation. The linked 5S rRNA genes may occur as single-copy insertions or as short tandems embedded in the 26S–18S rDNA intergenic spacer (IGS). The 5S transcript may be encoded by the same (Ginkgo, Ephedra) or opposite (Podocarpus) DNA strand as the 18S–5.8S–26S genes. In addition, pseudogenised 5S copies were also found in some IGS types. Both L- and S-type units have been largely homogenised across the genomes. Phylogenetic relationships based on the comparison of 5S coding sequences suggest that the 5S genes independently inserted IGS at least three times in the course of gymnosperm evolution. Frequent transpositions and rearrangements of basic units indicate relatively relaxed selection pressures imposed on genomic organisation of 5S genes in plants. -
Native Trees and Shrubs for Seaside Areas
NATIVE TREES & SHRUBS RECOMMENDED FOR SEASIDE AREAS NOOSA & DISTRICT LANDCARE GROUP STATION STREET, POMONA PH: 5485 2468 PLANTS SUITABLE FOR SEASIDE AREAS This list has been prepared as a guide to the selection of trees and shrubs suitable for planting on the coastal areas of Queensland. Most species are available from Noosa Landcare’s nurseries. Others listed are generally available from nurseries specializing in native plants. The problems of seaside plantings are mainly concerned with salt-laden winds which burn the foliage of tender plants. For such exposed sites the following plants will provide a resistant windbreak. SPECIES COMMON NAME (SHRUBS – Up to 5 metres) Acacia podalryiifolia Queensland silver wattle Acacia spectabilis Glory or Mudgee wattle Acacia suaveolens Sweet wattle Alectryon coriaceous Beach bird’s eye Baeckea frutescens Weeping baeckea Banksia ericiifolia Heath-leaved banksia Banksia oblingifolia Dwarf banksia Banksia spinulosa var. spinulosa Spiny-leaved honeysuckle Banksia spinulosa var. collina Hair-pin banksia Callistemon citrinus Crimson bottlebrush Callistemon pachyphyllus Wallum bottlebrush Callistemon rigidus Stiff bottlebrush Grevillea banksii Bank’s grevillea Hakea sericea White hakea Leptospermum brachyandrum Weeping tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum Coast tea-tree Leptospermum petersonii Lemon-scented tea-tree Leptospermum polygalyfolium Wild may Melaleuca armillaris Bracelet honey myrtle Melaleuca alternifolia Paperbark Melaleauca bracteata River tea-tree Melaleuca nodosa Prickly-leaved paperbark Petalostigma