A Catalog of Philippine Festivals
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Religious Festival Marketing: Distinguishing Between Devout Believers and Tourists
religions Article Religious Festival Marketing: Distinguishing between Devout Believers and Tourists Kuo-Yan Wang 1 , Azilah Kasim 2,* and Jing Yu 1 1 Department of Marketing in School of Economics and Management, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; [email protected] (K.-Y.W.); [email protected] (J.Y.) 2 School of Tourism, Hospitality & Event Management, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok 06010, Malaysia * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 2 July 2020; Accepted: 10 August 2020; Published: 12 August 2020 Abstract: Customer classification is an integral part of marketing planning activities. Researchers have struggled to classify “pilgrims” and “tourists” because these groups overlap to a large extent in terms of their identities while participating in religious activities/sightseeing. To achieve sustainable tourism development for the region with rich religious and cultural characteristics, the present article outlines a process for analyzing the motivation of participants attending religious festival of Mazu in Taiwan and then classifies religious festival participants according to their motivations. Using cluster sampling, a total of 280 responses were obtained and analyzed. The results revealed four different motivation categories: Fun traveler, devout believer, cultural enthusiast, and religious pragmatist. The study concludes that while festivalgoers are influenced by secularization to some extent, the original doctrine of the religion epitomized in the festivals fundamentally retains the essence and spirit of its religious rituals. The findings may have a significant value for the development of religious tourism marketing as it offers a foundation for future research seeking to develop regional cultural and religious sightseeing attractions sustainably. Keywords: festival; customer classification; factor analysis; motivation; folklore belief 1. -
Behavioural Complexity and Modern Traits in the Philippine Upper Palaeolithic
Behavioural Complexity and Modern Traits in the Philippine Upper Palaeolithic AlFred F. PAwlIk introduction The discussion of cultural, cognitive, and behavioral modernity has a long tradition in europe’s prehistoric archaeology ( Dibble 1989; Hahn 1986; Jelinek 1982; klein 1995, 1999; Mellars 1989a, 1989b). The appearance of specialized blade indus- tries, bone and antler tools, and especially figurative art, musical instruments, and personal ornaments are seen as significant indicators of the highly developed cultural and cognitive abilities of their makers (Clottes 2001; Conard 2003; Conard et al. 2004). The seemingly sudden appearance of expressive art and symbolism together with complex tool technologies in europe at around 40,000 years ago has been attributed to explosive cultural and cognitive advancement with the arrival of ana- tomically modern Homo sapiens ( Klein and Blake 2002; Mellars 1991; Mithen 1996). Whether this Upper Palaeolithic revolution in europe was due to social factors or genetic mutation, was related to changes in the ecosystem, or has a cultural expla- nation (such as competition with another human species, the Neanderthals) is still under debate ( Bar-Yossef 2002; Conard et al. 2004; d’errico 2003; Haidle 2006; McBrearty and Brooks 2000; Mellars 2005; Zilhão 2001). Yet, the “human revolu- tion” model is used to explain the success of the Homo sapiens immigrants over the Neanderthals ( Bräuer and Smith 1992; Conard 2006, 2008; Mellars 2005). On the other hand, potential indicators of an earlier and gradually developing cul- tural and cognitive modernity have been seen in African assemblages. The appearance of some modern cognitive traits (e.g., production of projectile points, shell-fishing, personal ornaments, notational or incised pieces, and pigment processing) in Africa has been dated back to the Middle Pleistocene, earlier than the first evidence of ana- tomically modern hominids 200,000 years ago (Henshilwood et al. -
Ch-1 General Information
CH-1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1 1GENERAL INFORMATION The Mauritius After a brief Dutch settlement, French immigrants who came in 1715 named the island Ilea de France and established the first road and harbor infrastructure, as well as the sugar industry, under the leadership of Gov. Maher de Labourdonnais. Blacks from Africa and Madagascar came as slaves to work in the sugarcane fields. In 1810, the British captured the island and in 1814, by the Treaty of Paris, it was ceded to Great Britain along with its dependencies. Indian immigration, which followed the abolition of slavery in 1835, rapidly changed the fabric of Mauritian society, and the country flourished with the increased cultivation of sugarcane. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 heralded the decline of Mauritius as a port of call for ships rounding the southern tip of Africa, bound for South and East Asia. The economic 2 instability of the price of sugar, the main crop, in the first half of the 20th century brought civil unrest, then economic, administrative, and political reforms. Mauritius became independent on March 12, 1968. Its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and its tropical climate make the Mauritius prone to earthquakes and typhoons but have also endowed the country with natural resources and made it one of the richest areas of biodiversity in the world. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Mauritius is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas,and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila. With a population of more than 92 million people, the Mauritius is the 7th most populated Asian country and the 12th most populated country in the world. -
Nytårsrejsen Til Filippinerne – 2014
Nytårsrejsen til Filippinerne – 2014. Martins Dagbog Dorte og Michael kørte os til Kastrup, og det lykkedes os at få en opgradering til business class - et gammelt tilgodebevis fra lidt lægearbejde på et Singapore Airlines fly. Vi fik hilst på vore 16 glade gamle rejsevenner ved gaten. Karin fik lov at sidde på business class, mens jeg sad på det sidste sæde i økonomiklassen. Vi fik julemad i flyet - flæskesteg med rødkål efterfulgt af ris á la mande. Serveringen var ganske god, og underholdningen var også fin - jeg så filmen "The Hundred Foot Journey", som handlede om en indisk familie, der åbner en restaurant lige overfor en Michelin-restaurant i en mindre fransk by - meget stemningsfuld og sympatisk. Den var instrueret af Lasse Hallström. Det tog 12 timer at flyve til Singapore, og flyet var helt fuldt. Flytiden mellem Singapore og Manila var 3 timer. Vi havde kun 30 kg bagage med tilsammen (12 kg håndbagage og 18 kg i en indchecket kuffert). Jeg sad ved siden af en australsk student, der skulle hjem til Perth efter et halvt år i Bergen. Hans fly fra Lufthansa var blevet aflyst, så han havde måttet vente 16 timer i Københavns lufthavn uden kompensation. Et fly fra Air Asia på vej mod Singapore forulykkede med 162 personer pga. dårligt vejr. Miriams kuffert var ikke med til Manilla, så der måtte skrives anmeldelse - hun fik 2200 pesos til akutte fornødenheder. Vi vekslede penge som en samlet gruppe for at spare tid og gebyr - en $ var ca. 45 pesos. Vi kom i 3 minibusser ind til Manila Hotel, hvor det tog 1,5 time at checke os ind på 8 værelser. -
Land Disputes in Conflict Affected Areas of Mindanao: Report of the Joint World Bank – International Organization for Migration Scoping Mission
LAND DISPUTES IN CONFLICT AFFECTED AREAS OF MINDANAO: REPORT OF THE JOINT WORLD BANK – INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION SCOPING MISSION MAY 2013 Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. i Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................................. ii A. Background ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 B. Objectives ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 C. Findings ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 C. 1. General Observations ..................................................................................................................................... 2 C. 2. Findings on Competing and Overlapping Land Claims .................................................................... 4 C. 3. Institutions Involved in Land Management and Resolving Competing Land Claims ........ 14 C. 4. Availability of land tenure information (ownership and usage) ................................................ 17 C. 5. Ongoing Initiatives ....................................................................................................................................... -
The Profane Sphere of All Saints' Day And
ISSN 0867-5856 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.30.2.25 e-ISSN 2080-6922 Tourism 2020, 30/2 Sławoj Tanaś https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-2645 University of Lodz Faculty of Geographical Sciences Institute of Urban Geography, Tourism and Geoinformation [email protected] THE PROFANE SPHERE OF ALL SAINTS’ DAY AND THE SOCIAL ASPECTS OF CEMETERIES Abstract: The modern pop-culturization of All Saints’ Day has encouraged the author to explore the profane sphere of this festival, using selected examples from Łódź cemeteries, as well as to write a short comparative description of a Latin American festival honouring the dead celebrated in early November. In the 20th century, visiting cemeteries in Poland on 1st November acquired some attributes of recreation and cultural tourism, visible in the atmosphere of a country fair and the ludic character of the cemetery surroundings, as well as the visitors’ commemorative, contemplative and cognitive motivations. Due to cultural changes, All Saints’ Day is increasingly perceived as a tourist event or even a cultural tourism product. The article presents a comparative description of the All Saints’ Day celebrations in Poland and the Day of the Dead in Latin America, and an analysis of visitors at selected Łódź cemeteries along with a description of the cemetery surroundings on 1st November 2019. The author has used unpublished research results from 2004, as well as discussing the secular and recreational aspects of All Saints’ Day. Keywords: All Saints’ Day, Day of the Dead, Łódź, Latin America, cemetery. 1. INTRODUCTION In European, Central- and South-American cultures, of social life again. -
The Role of Exhibitions in the Marketing Mix
The Role of Exhibitions in the Marketing Mix © UFI - The Global Association of the Exhibition Industry Steinbeis Transfer Centre „Exhibition, Convention and Event Management― at the Cooperative State University, Ravensburg, Germany Dear visitor, I. Fairs, Expositions and Exhibitions A. Definitions Welcome to the online course of UFI: B. Types of Exhibitions ―The Role of Exhibitions in the Marketing Mix‖. II. Historical Development This online course is directed to: lecturers who want to introduce the topic "fairs and III. Benefits of Exhibitions exhibitions" to marketing and communication A. Economic Significance of Exhibitions classes, students who want information about trade B. The Exhibition Industry in the world fairs as a marketing instrument and personnel of exhi- C. Importance for Exhibiting Enterprises biting organizations who want to learn about the be- IV. Integrated Exhibition Marketing nefits of participating in trade fairs. A. Information Sources B. Specific Marketing Aspects The content is structured as follows: V. Trade Fair Participation In the first three Chapters general information A. Selection Criteria about trade fairs and the exhibition industry is pre- B. Exhibition Strategies and Styles sented (definitions, integration into the marketing C. Exhibition Targets mix, historical background, benefits of trade fairs). D. Stand Impact The essential features of participation in trade fairs E. Follow-up Measures are described in Chapters IV - VI. F. Risk Management A special focus is on integrated marketing and the future of the value of trade fairs and exhibitions in VI. Evaluation of Participation overall marketing strategies and action plans. A. Importance of Evaluation The course lasts about eight hours. It can be used B. -
Chapter 4 Safety in the Philippines
Table of Contents Chapter 1 Philippine Regions ...................................................................................................................................... Chapter 2 Philippine Visa............................................................................................................................................. Chapter 3 Philippine Culture........................................................................................................................................ Chapter 4 Safety in the Philippines.............................................................................................................................. Chapter 5 Health & Wellness in the Philippines........................................................................................................... Chapter 6 Philippines Transportation........................................................................................................................... Chapter 7 Philippines Dating – Marriage..................................................................................................................... Chapter 8 Making a Living (Working & Investing) .................................................................................................... Chapter 9 Philippine Real Estate.................................................................................................................................. Chapter 10 Retiring in the Philippines........................................................................................................................... -
The Joy in Harvest." Isaiah Ix
Cjjc fog in Harbesl A THANKSGIVING SERMON; PKEACHED IX THE grtjj Stttttt Irfsbgtjriait Clntrtlj, f On Thursday, November 24, 1859, REV. CHARLES WADSWORTH, D.D. PUBLISHED BY REQUEST. PHILADELPHIA: J. W. BRADLEY, PUBLISHER, 48 XORTH FOURTH STREET. 18i>9. "hecksd lay 1913 I BUG. Ho. I 5 8 4 '81 155249 It: ,^r.. l r-:. »f • r -- 1 SERMON " They joy before Thee according to the joy in harvest." Isaiah ix. 3. We are not, to-day, specially concerned with the text's original reference. The prophet here uses a figure illustra tive of Christian life. He is describing prospectively the gladness of Gospel times — a joy not profane and sensual, but holy and religious. A joy "before Thee" (i. e.) in the pre sence of Jehovah, or in holy exercises and ordinances. And this joy he compares to "the joy of harvest." The text suggests two simple thoughts, befitting our cir cumstances : First — That the season of harvest is a proper occasion of joy ; and Secondly — That this joy of harvest is a pattern of true Christian gladness. Let us consider them in their order. First — The text teaches that the season of har \ vest is a proper occasion for joy. Under the old dispensation, such manifestations of glad ness were prescribed and ceremonial. On last Thanksgiving morning we described at length that old feast of harvest, and V we need not repeat it. It was an occasion of exceeding gladness. The old land of promise woke into rapture as a V child to its holiday. Eyes flashed, hearts bounded, lips broke forth into singing, and from valley to mountain top, Judea foamed and sparkled with glad life at this God- appointed festival. -
The State of the Environment
EEuurrooppeeaann CCoommmmiissssiioonn TThhee PPhhiilliippppiinneess CCoouunnttrryy EEnnvviirroonnmmeennttaall PPrrooffiillee August 2005 European Commission The Philippines Delegation of the European Commission to the Philippines 30/F Tower II, RCBC Plaza 6819 Ayala Ave. cor. Gil Puyat 1200 Makati City Delegation Tel.: (+63-2) 859-5100 Fax: (+63-2) 859-5109 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.delphl.cec.eu.int Country Environmental Profile 2 European Commission The Philippines Executive Summary The Philippines disposes rich and diverse natural resources. However, these resources are being rapidly depleted due a variety of mutually reinforcing negative factors: high population pressure with the majority of the poor deriving their income from natural ecosystems; advancing industrialization/ conflicts of interest between long term environmental concerns and short term profit motives in particular regarding logging and mining; absence of political will (and therefore of allocation of resources) to enforce effective implementation of a relatively comprehensive legal and regulatory regime, yet which is marked by a lack of clearly defined mandates and responsibility between the various layers of central and local authorities. The state of the environment High population growth rate, severe rural poverty and inequity and lack of security of tenure in the agriculture areas put pressure on the forest, forcing poor people to move to the uplands marked by fragile eco-systems. Only 8% of the original primary forest remains and many species are under threat. Deforestation has made many poor communities more vulnerable to natural calamities such as landslides. Soil erosion has accelerated dramatically and is estimated at 50% of the fertile top layer in the last 10 years. -
Celebrations, Holidays, and Traditions December 2008
Celebrations, Holidays, and Traditions December 2008 December 1: Boliva Liberation Day: (Albania)- a public holiday that commemorates the liberation of Albania. Independence Day: (Barbados)- an annual celebration commemorating the anniversary of Barbados achieving independence from Britain in 1966. National Day: (Romania)- a national holiday in Romania celebrated with festivals and parades. Bosnia Liberty & Democracy Day: (Chad) Bonifacio Day: (Philippines)- the birthday of Andres Bonifacio and a public holiday in the Philippines. He is regarded as the "Father of the Philippine Revolution" and one of the most influential national heroes of his country. Burundi St. Andrew’s Day/Scotland: (United Kingdom)- celebrated by flying the Scottish flag on public buildings some people have a day off work, but it is not universal. In Edinburgh, there is a week of celebrations, concentrating on musical entertainment and traditional ceilidh dancing. A ceilidh is a social event with couples dancing in circles or sets (groups of eight people). In Glasgow city center, a large shindig, or party, with traditional music and a ceilidh are held. In Dumfries, songs Cambodia are performed in the Burn's night tradition. December 2: National Day: (Laos)- a national holiday in Laos celebrated with festivals and parades. Cameroo December 3: Eid al Adha (Feast of Sacrifice)- Saudi Arabia- a religious festival celebrated by Muslims and Druze worldwide in commemoration of the willingness of Ibrahim (Abraham) to sacrifice his son as an act of obedience to Allah. Canada National Days: (United Arab Emirates)- national holidays in United Arab Emirates that is celebrated with festivals and parades. December 4: King Tupou 1 Day: (Tonga) CapeVerde December 5: Colombia Meeting of Nine Evils: (Bhutan) Farmer’s Day: (Ghana)- introduced by the Ministry of Food and Agriculture, National Farmers' Day was organized as a day’s activity for the nation to honor its hard working farmers. -
FRISSON: the Collected Criticism of Alice Guillermo
FRIS SON: The Collected Criticism of Alice Guillermo Reviewing Current Art | 23 The Social Form of Art | 4 Patrick D. Flores Abstract and/or Figurative: A Wrong Choice | 9 SON: Assessing Alice G. Guillermo a Corpus | 115 Annotating Alice: A Biography from Her Bibliography | 16 Roberto G. Paulino Rendering Culture Political | 161 Timeline | 237 Acknowledgment | 241 Biographies | 242 PCAN | 243 Broadening the Public Sphere of Art | 191 FRISSON The Social Form of Art by Patrick D. Flores The criticism of Alice Guillermo presents an instance in which the encounter of the work of art resists a series of possible alienations even as it profoundly acknowledges the integrity of distinct form. The critic in this situation attentively dwells on the material of this form so that she may be able to explicate the ecology and the sociality without which it cannot concretize. The work of art, therefore, becomes the work of the world, extensively and deeply conceived. Such present-ness is vital as the critic faces the work in the world and tries to ramify that world beyond what is before her. This is one alienation that is calibrated. The work of art transpiring in the world becomes the work of the critic who lets it matter in language, freights it and leavens it with presence so that human potential unerringly turns plastic, or better still, animate: Against the cold stone, tomblike and silent, are the living glances, supplicating, questioning, challenging, or speaking—the eyes quick with feeling or the movements of thought, the mouths delicately shaping speech, the expressive gestures, and the bodies in their postures determined by the conditions of work and social circumstance.