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Apollo Hospitals TEXTBOOK of MEDICINE VOLUME-1 Apollo Hospitals TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE VOLUME-1 Editor TV Devarajan MD FRCP DSc FICP Emeritus Professor Department ofBrothers Medicine Aarupadai Veedu Medical College Puducherry Senior Physician Apollo Hospitals Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Dr BC Roy National Awardee Padmashree Awardee Foreword JaypeeKV Thiruvengadam The Health Sciences Publisher New Delhi | London | Panama Prelims-1.indd 3 14-10-2016 17:43:14 Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. Headquarters Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110 002, India Phone: +91-11-43574357 Fax: +91-11-43574314 E-mail: [email protected] Overseas Offices J.P. Medical Ltd. Jaypee Highlights Medical Publishers Inc. 83, Victoria Street, London City of Knowledge, Building 235, 2nd Floor SW1H 0HW (UK) Clayton, Panama City, Panama Phone: +44 20 3170 8910 Phone: +1 507-301-0496 Fax: +44(0) 20 3008 6180 Fax: +1 507-301-0499 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. 17/1-B, Babar Road, Block-B, Shaymali Bhotahity, Kathmandu, Nepal Mohammadpur, Dhaka-1207 Phone: +977-9741283608 Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected] Mobile: +08801912003485 E-mail: [email protected] Brothers Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com Website: www.jaypeedigital.com © 2017, TV Devarajan The views and opinions expressed in this book are solely those of the original contributor(s)/author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of editor(s) of the book. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Medical knowledge and practice change constantly. This book is designed to provide accurate, authoritative information about the subject matter in question. However, readers are advised to check the most current information available on procedures included and check information from the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose, formula, method and duration of administration, adverse effects and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner to take all appropriate safety precautions. Neither the publisher nor the author(s)/editor(s) assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from or related to use of material in this book. This book is sold onJaypee the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in providing professional medical services. If such advice or services are required, the services of a competent medical professional should be sought. Every effort has been made where necessary to contact holders of copyright to obtain permission to reproduce copyright material. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publisher will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. Inquiries for bulk sales may be solicited at: [email protected] Apollo Hospitals Textbook of Medicine First Edition: 2017 ISBN: 978-93-85999-95-6 Printed at Prelims-1.indd 4 14-10-2016 17:43:14 Dedicated to My parents Late Shri TK Viswanathan and Late Mrs Renganaki My wife Dr Lakshmi Devarajan and daughter Dr Sangeetha Devarajan, Son-in-law Dr Ramesh Vaidhyalingam My grandchildren Jayanth and Saideep, my brothers and sister My teacher Professor KV Thiruvengadam who has kindly agreed to write the foreword My patients andBrothers students Jaypee Prelims-1.indd 5 14-10-2016 17:43:14 Contributors A Batla Arunkumar Krishnan Junior Physician Medical Resident Department of Neurology Stanley Medical College Madras Medical College Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Akila Janarathanan Ashwin K Mani Junior Physician Pulmonologist Intensive Critical Care Unit Apollo First Med Hospitals Apollo Hospitals Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Alok Pawaskar Babu K Abraham Registrar Consultant Intensive Critical Care Unit and Apollo Hospitals Pulmonologist Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Apollo Hospitals Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Amarnath C BrothersB Chandra Sekhar Reddy Junior Physician Junior Physician Department of Neurology Department of Neurology Madras Medical College Madras Medical College Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Anitha Cherian Chitra Krishnan Junior Physician Staff Specialist Intensive Critical Care Unit Department of Geriatrics and Apollo Hospitals General Medicine Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Director Physician Training New Lambton Heights New South Wales, Australia JaypeeArul Selvan Consultant Neurologist Deepa Thangamani Apollo Hospitals Obstetrician and Gynecologist Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Apollo Hospitals Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Prelims-1.indd 7 14-10-2016 17:43:15 viii Apollo Hospitals Textbook of Medicine D Prabhakar J Hariprasath Consultant Cardiologist Consultant Physician Apollo Hospitals Apollo First Med Hospitals Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India D Suresh Kumar KP Thirumaran Infectious Disease Consultant Junior Physician Apollo Hospitals Department of Neurology Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Madras Medical College Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India EA Varalaxmi K Vasanthira Junior Physician Professor Department of Neurology Department of Pharmacology Madras Medical College Stanley Medical College Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India G Ravichandran Lakshmi Devarajan Senior Consultant Dermatologist Consutlant Apollo Hospitals Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Billroth Hospitals BrothersChennai, Tamil Nadu, India Guru Trikudanathan L Sundararajan Junior Physician Senior Pulmonologist Department of Gastroenterology Apollo Hospitals Stanley Medical College Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Indirani M L Vijayasundaram Consultant Professor Department of Nuclear Medicine Department of Medicine Apollo Hospitals Sri Laskhmi Narayana Medical College JaypeeChennai, Tamil Nadu, India Puducherry, India Jayashree Gopal Maya Menon Consultant Endocrinologist Consultant Pathologist Apollo Hospitals Apollo Hospitals Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Prelims-1.indd 8 14-10-2016 17:43:16 Contributors ix Mitul Chavada Priyadarshin L Junior Physician Junior Physician Intesive Critical Care Unit Department of Neurology Apollo Hospitals Madras Medical College Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India MM Mehndiratta PV Venkataraman Junior Physician Junior Endocrinologist Department of Neurology Apollo Hospitals Madras Medical College Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India MR Sivakumar Rajasekaran Senior Interventional Neurologist and Junior Physician Rheumatologist Department of Neurology Cerebrovascular and Vasculitis Research Madras Medical College Foundation and GLB Hospitals and Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Acute Stroke Center Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India N Raghunandan Rajesh Tipirneni Consultant Orthpedic Surgeon Junior Physician Apollo First Med Hospitals Department of Infectious Disease Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Apollo Hospitals BrothersChennai, Tamil Nadu, India Rajeshwari Nayak N Ramakrishanan Senior Consultant Cardiologist Chief Apollo Hospitals Intensive Critical Care Unit Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Apollo Hospitals Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Ramesh Vaidhyalingam PG Sundararaman GP Consultant Consultant Endocrinologist Villages Medical Practice Apollo Hospitals London, Uk JaypeeChennai, Tamil Nadu, India Ramesh Venkataraman Pravin Thomas Senior Consultant Physician Junior Physician Intensive Critical Care Unit Department of Neurology Apollo Hospitals Madras Medical College Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Prelims-1.indd 9 14-10-2016 17:43:17 x Apollo Hospitals Textbook of Medicine Ram Gopalakrishnan Sarojini Parameshwaran Senior Consultant Senior Consultant Department of Infectious Diseases Department of Gastroenterology Apollo Hospitals Apollo Hospitals Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Ranjit Unnikrishnan S Chandrasekar Director and Consultant Physician Assistant Professor Dr Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Center and Department of Medicine Madras Diabetes Research Foundaction Stanley Medical College Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India RD Lele Shelly S Honorary Chief Physician and Director Consultant Department of Nuclear Medicine Department of Nuclear Medicine Jaslok Hospital and Research Center Apollo Hospitals Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India R Lakshminarasimhan S Mohan Das Consultant Neurologist Junior Physician Apollo Hospitals Department of Neurology Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Madras Medical College Professor Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Neurology Madras Medical College Brothers Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India S Rajagopalan Seshadri Senior Consultant Nephrologist RM Kaushik Apollo Hospitals General Physician and General Surgeon Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India General Surgery Clinic Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India S Sanjeev Junior Physician Saloni Naresh Department of Neurology Department of Pathology Madras Medical College Apollo Hospitals Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India JaypeeChennai, Tamil Nadu, India S Upasana Sangeetha Devarajan Consultant Radiologist Consultant Apollo First
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